𝑛

• 𝑷𝒐𝒑𝒖𝒍𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒎𝒆𝒂𝒏 = −𝐶𝑓𝑚

•
BLESS®
𝑺𝒖𝒎 𝒐𝒇 𝒂𝒍𝒍 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒗𝒂𝒍𝒖𝒆𝒔 𝒊𝒏 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒑𝒐𝒑𝒖𝒍𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 Median = L + [ 2 ]∗𝐶
𝑓𝑚
𝑵𝒖𝒎𝒃𝒆𝒓 𝒐𝒇 𝒗𝒂𝒍𝒖𝒆𝒔 𝒊𝒏 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒑𝒐𝒑𝒖𝒍𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏
L = the lower class boundary of the
µ =
∑𝒙 class containing the median
𝑵
n = the total number of frequency Sample Standard Deviation=
where, fm = frequency of the median class 𝟐 ∑(𝒙)𝟐
Cfm = cumulative frequency of all the √∑𝒙 − 𝒏
𝑺=
µ = population mean classes preceding the class containing 𝒏−𝟏
the median OR
N = number of items in the population.
C = width of the class containing the ̅)𝟐
∑(𝒙 − 𝒙
x = represents any particular value median 𝒔= √
𝒏−𝟏
Σ = sum of the values. 𝛥1
• Mode = L + [ ]∗𝐶 Standard Deviation with
𝛥1 +𝛥2
L = the lower class boundary of the frequency Distribution=
∑𝒙 class containing the mode ∑𝑓𝑋 2 ∑𝑓𝑋 2
• Sample mean ( x ) = 𝝈= √ −( ) =
𝒏 𝛥1 = difference between the modal 𝑁 𝑁

x = x bar class frequency and the preceding class

∑𝑓𝑋 2
frequency = √ − (µ)2
n = number in the sample. 𝛥2 = difference between the modal 𝑁
class frequency and the succeeding
(next) class frequency Standard Deviation with
• 𝑾𝒆𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒆𝒅 𝑴𝒆𝒂𝒏 𝑿𝒘 = C = width of the class containing the frequency Distribution= Also for
𝑊1 𝑋1 + 𝑊2 𝑋2 + 𝑊3 𝑋3 + …+ 𝑊𝑛 𝑋𝑛 mode 2 −(∑𝑓𝑥)2
∑𝑓𝑥
a sample, 𝑺 = √
𝑊1 + 𝑊2 + 𝑊3 + …+ 𝑊𝑛 𝑛
𝑛−1
∑(𝑊𝑋) Range = Highest Value – Lowest Value
𝑋𝑤 = Also for a sample,
∑𝑊
∑|𝒙−𝒙
̅| 𝑛(∑𝑓𝑥 2 )−(∑𝑓𝑥)2
Mean Deviation (MD) = 𝑺= √
𝒏 𝑛(𝑛−1)
x = the value of each observation
𝑛
Geometric Mean = √(𝑋1 )(𝑋2 )(𝑋3 ) … . (𝑋𝑛 ) 𝑥̅ = the arithmetic mean of the values
n = the number of observations • COEFFICIENT OF VARIATION=
• Geometric Mean = | |= absolute value 𝑆
𝑛 𝑉𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒 𝑎𝑡 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑒𝑛𝑑 𝑜𝑓 𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑜𝑑
√𝑉𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒 𝑎𝑡 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑏𝑒𝑔𝑖𝑛𝑛𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑜𝑓 𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑜𝑑 − 1
= (100)
𝑥̅
∑ 𝒇|𝒙−𝒙
̅|
Mean Deviation (MD) = COEFFICIENT OF SKEWNESS=
∑𝒇
3 (𝑚𝑒𝑎𝑛 − 𝑚𝑒𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑛)
∑ 𝒇𝒙 =
• ARITHMETRIC MEAN = ∑ 𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑎𝑟𝑑 𝑑𝑒𝑣𝑖𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
𝒇
Population Variance for ungrouped
x is the mid-value or midpoint
∑(𝒙− µ)𝟐
QUARTILES FOR UNGROUPED
of each class data (𝝈𝟐 ) = DATA=
𝑵
1
𝜎 2 = population variance 𝑄1 = (𝑛 + 1)𝑡ℎ
f is the frequency in each class 4
x = the value of an observation in the 2
𝑄2 = (𝑛 + 1)𝑡ℎ
4
fx is the frequency in each class population 3
𝑄3 = (𝑛 + 1)𝑡ℎ
times the midpoint of the class µ = the arithmetic mean of the 4

population
Σfx is the sum of these products QUARTILES FOR GROUPED DATA=
N = the total number of observations in 𝒒
𝒏−𝑭
the population 𝟒
n is the total number of 𝑸𝒒 =𝑳𝒒 + 𝒇𝒒
×𝑪
frequencies

• Standard deviation for ungrouped 𝑄𝑞 = qth quartile

𝐿𝑞 = lower class boundary of the
∑(𝒙− µ)𝟐
 ARITHMETRIC MEAN = ∑ =
∑ 𝒇𝒙 ∑ 𝒇(𝑨+𝒅)
data (𝝈) = √ class interval containing the qth
𝒇 ∑𝒇 𝑵
quartile
𝑨∑𝒇 ∑ 𝒇𝒅
= + ∑(𝑥−𝑥̅ )2 n = total frequency
∑𝒇 ∑𝒇 Sample Variance= 𝑠 2 =
𝑛−1 F = sum of frequencies (Cumulative
∑ 𝒇𝒅 Or frequency) for all class intervals
=d+A=x=A+ ∑𝒇 ∑(𝑥)2 before the class interval containing
∑𝑥 2 −
where A= Assumed mean 𝑠2 = 𝑛 the qth quartile
𝑛−1 𝑓𝑞 = frequency of the class interval
∑ 𝒇µ
 ARITHMETRIC MEAN = = A + ( ∑ ) 𝒄 containing the qth quartile.
𝒇
𝑑𝑒𝑣𝑖𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑑 C = width of the class containing
Where µ =
𝑐𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑣𝑎𝑙
=
𝑐 Adjei-Gyan Blessed the qth quartile.

BLESS® BLESS® Stats formulas

 DECILES FOR UNGROUPED DATA=
1
𝐷1 = (𝑛 + 1)𝑡ℎ
10
2
𝐷2 = (𝑛 + 1)𝑡ℎ
10
3
𝐷3 = (𝑛 + 1)𝑡ℎ
10
9
𝐷9 = (𝑛 + 1)𝑡ℎ
10

DECILES FOR GROUPED DATA=

𝑑
𝑛−𝐹
10
𝐷𝑑 =𝐿𝑑 + ×𝐶
𝑓𝑑

𝐷𝑑 = 𝑑 𝑡ℎ decile
𝐿𝑑 = lower class boundary of the
class interval containing the 𝑑 𝑡ℎ
decile
n = total frequency
F = sum of frequencies (Cumulative
frequency) for all class intervals
before the class interval containing
the 𝑑 𝑡ℎ decile
𝑓𝑑 = frequency of the class interval
containing the 𝑑 𝑡ℎ decile.
C = width of the class containing
the 𝑑 𝑡ℎ decile.

PERCENTILES FOR UNGROUPED DATA=

1
𝑃1 =100 (𝑛 + 1)𝑡ℎ
2
𝑃2 = (𝑛 + 1)𝑡ℎ
100
3
𝑃3 =100 (𝑛 + 1)𝑡ℎ
99
𝑃99 =100 (𝑛 + 1)𝑡ℎ

PERCENTILES FOR GROUPED DATA=

𝑝
𝑛−𝐹
100
𝑃𝑝 =𝐿𝑝 + ×𝐶
𝑓 𝑝

𝑃𝑝 = 𝑝𝑡ℎ percentiile
𝐿𝑝 = lower class boundary of the class
interval containing the 𝑝𝑡ℎ percentile
n = total frequency
F = sum of frequencies (Cumulative
frequency) for all class intervals before
the class interval containing the 𝑝𝑡ℎ
percentile
𝑓𝑝 = frequency of the class interval
containing the 𝑝𝑡ℎ percentile.
C = width of the class containing the
𝑝𝑡ℎ percentile.

PERCENTILES= The percentile

corresponding to a given value of X
is computed by the formula:

(𝒏𝒐. 𝒐𝒇 𝒗𝒂𝒍𝒖𝒆𝒔 𝒃𝒆𝒍𝒐𝒘 𝑿)+𝟎.𝟓

×
𝒕𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒍 𝒏𝒐. 𝒐𝒇 𝒗𝒂𝒍𝒖𝒆𝒔
𝟏𝟎𝟎%