‫ﺍﺳﺎﺳﺎﺕ‪1‬‬

‫ﻣﻌﯿﺪ اﻟﻤﺎدة‪ :‬م‪.‬ﻋﺒﺪﷲ اﻟﺬوادي‪‬‬

‫‪2022‬‬

‫‪Settlement‬‬

‫ﻻ ﺗ ﺴﻮ ﻣﻦ د ﺎ ﲂ وا ﺬرو ﻋﻦ أي ﺧﻄﺎ او ﺴﯿﺎن‬

 ‫ﺍﺳﺎﺳﺎﺕ‪1‬‬
‫ﻣﻌﯿﺪ اﻟﻤﺎدة‪ :‬م‪.‬ﻋﺒﺪﷲ اﻟﺬوادي‪‬‬
‫‪Settlement of Shallow Foundations‬‬

‫)ﻟﻠﺗرﺑﺔ اﻟرﻣﻠﯾﺔ واﻟطﯾﻧﯾﺔ اﻟﻐﯾر ﻣﺷﺑﻌﺔ( ‪1)Theory of Elasticity:-‬‬

‫'‪Se =qnαB‬‬ ‫‪Is If‬‬ ‫‪qn‬‬ ‫ﺿﻐوط ﺻﺎﻓﯾﺔ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻧﺳﺑﺔ ﺑواﺳون ‪μ :‬‬
‫‪ -‬اﻟﮭﺑوط اﻟﻔوري ‪Se :‬‬
‫= ‪qn‬‬ ‫‪- ɣD‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻋدد اﻷﻗﺳﺎم‪α :‬‬
‫‪ -‬اﻟﻌرض اﻷﺻﻐر ﻟﻠﻘﺳم ‪B' :‬‬
‫)‪If (table‬‬
‫‪E‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻣﺗوﺳط ﻣﻌﺎﻣل اﻟﻣروﻧﺔ ﻟﻠطﺑﻘﺎت‪:‬‬
‫‪D/B‬‬ ‫‪B/L‬‬ ‫‪μ‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﻌﺎﻣل اﻟﻌﻣﻖ‪If :‬‬
‫‪5B‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻣﻌﺎﻣل اﻟﺷﻛل‪Is :‬‬
‫‪H= min‬‬
‫)‪To hard layer ,when E=10E (upper layer‬‬

‫‪Is‬‬ ‫‪F2 , F1‬‬

‫'‪m'=L'/B' n'=H/B‬‬

‫‪PO‬‬ ‫‪α‬‬ ‫'‪B‬‬

‫‪centre‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪B/2‬‬
‫‪corner‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪B‬‬
‫‪side‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫ﺣﺳب ﺟﮭﺔ اﻟﻧﻘطﺔ‬

‫**اذا ﻛﺎن اﻷﺳﺎس داﺋري ﯾﺣول اﻟﻰ ﻣرﺑﻊ ‪B=0.886 D‬‬

‫‪> .‬‬ ‫↔‬ ‫‪= .‬‬ ‫و‬ ‫‪< .‬‬ ‫↔‬ ‫‪= .‬‬ ‫و اذا ﻛﺎﻧت‬ ‫‪If =1‬‬ ‫** اذا ﻛﺎن ‪ DF=0‬ﻓﺎن‬
 ‫ﺍﺳﺎﺳﺎﺕ‪1‬‬
‫ﻣﻌﯿﺪ اﻟﻤﺎدة‪ :‬م‪.‬ﻋﺒﺪﷲ اﻟﺬوادي‪‬‬
‫)ﻟﻠﺗرﺑﺔ اﻟطﯾﻧﯾﺔ اﻟﻣﺷﺑﻌﺔ( ‪2)Janbu Method:-‬‬

‫‪Se =A1 A2‬‬ ‫‪A1‬‬ ‫‪A2‬‬

‫‪L/B‬‬ ‫‪H/B‬‬ ‫‪D/B‬‬

‫= )‪Se(2nd layer‬‬ ‫]‪[(A1)T- (A1)1‬‬

‫‪(A1)T‬‬
‫‪L/B‬‬ ‫‪HT/B‬‬
 ‫ﺍﺳﺎﺳﺎﺕ‪1‬‬
‫ﻣﻌﯿﺪ اﻟﻤﺎدة‪ :‬م‪.‬ﻋﺒﺪﷲ اﻟﺬوادي‪‬‬
‫)ﻟﻠﺗرﺑﺔ اﻟرﻣﻠﯾﺔ ﻏﺎﻟﺑﺎ ٌ( ‪3)Schmertman Method:-‬‬

‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪IZ‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻣﻌﺎﻣل ﺗﺄﺛﯾر اﻹﻧﻔﻌﺎل ‪:‬‬

‫= ‪Se‬‬ ‫)‪( ∗ ΔZ‬‬ ‫‪C1‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻣﻌﺎﻣل ﺗﺻﺣﯾﺢ اﻟردم‪:‬‬
‫‪0‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﻌﺎﻣل ﺗﺻﺣﯾﺢ زﺣف اﻟﺗرﺑﺔ‪C2:‬‬
‫‪ -‬اﻟزﻣن ﺑﺎﻟﺳﻧﯾن ‪t‬‬
‫‪0.5ɣ‬‬
‫‪=1−‬‬ ‫)‪= 1 + 0.2log(0.1‬‬

‫‪Strip‬‬ ‫‪square‬‬ ‫‪Rectangular‬‬

‫‪z‬‬ ‫‪Iz‬‬ ‫‪z‬‬ ‫‪Iz‬‬
‫‪z=0 → Iz=0.1+0.0111(L/B-1)≤0.2‬‬
‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0.2‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0.1‬‬
‫‪B‬‬ ‫‪0.5‬‬ ‫‪0.5B‬‬ ‫‪0.5‬‬ ‫‪Iz=0.5→ Z1=0.5B+0.0555(L/B-1)*B≤B‬‬
‫‪4B‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪2B‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫→ ‪Iz=0‬‬ ‫‪Z2=2B+0.222(L/B-1)*B≤4B‬‬
 1‫ﺍﺳﺎﺳﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻋﺒﺪﷲ اﻟﺬوادي‬.‫ م‬:‫ﻣﻌﯿﺪ اﻟﻤﺎدة‬
Primary Consolidation Settlement

1) normally consolidated clay;- (σo'=σc')

Δe = e − e

  σ o  :  ‫ ﻨﺘ ﻔ‬  ‫ﺇ‬  ‫ا‬ ‫ﻓ ﻕ‬ ‫ا ﺑﺔ‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ﺃ‬ -

  .‫ﻓ دوم‬ ‫ﺃو‬ ‫ا ﺘﻘ ﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻘﺔ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ﺑ ﺘﺨ ام‬  ‫ا‬  ‫ ﺒﻘﺔ‬ ‫ ﻨﺘ ﻒ‬ ‫ﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺑ‬  ‫ﺇ د‬  ‫و ﺘ‬ ، ‫ﻓﻴﺔ‬ ‫ا‬  ‫وﺗ ﺘ‬   Δσ'' :‫ا ﺸﺄ‬ ‫ ﻦ‬ ‫ا ﻨﻘ ﺔ‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ﺃ‬ -

2) Over consolidated clay;- (σo'<σc')

**case 1:-

------------------------------------------

**case 2:- Δe2 = Log(

σ + Δσ
)
σ′

σ′
Δe1 = Log( )
σ

-----------------------------------

3) under consolidated clay;- (σo'>σc') ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﻧﺎدرة وﻏﯾر ﻣﺳﺗﻘرة‬-

σ + Δσ σ′ + Δσ′
Δe = Log( ) Sc = H Log( )
σ′ +1 σ ′

**‫**طرق ﺗوزﯾﻊ اﻹﺟﮭﺎدات‬

Δσ =
∗ 2:1 ‫ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺮﻳﺒﻴﺔ‬
( + )( + )
 ‫ﺍﺳﺎﺳﺎﺕ‪1‬‬
‫ﻣﻌﯿﺪ اﻟﻤﺎدة‪ :‬م‪.‬ﻋﺒﺪﷲ اﻟﺬوادي‪‬‬

‫ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﻓﺎﺩﻭﻡ‪-:‬‬
‫‪Δσ‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪ ‬ﻳﺆﺧﺬ‪  ‬ﻦ‪ ‬ﺟ اول‪ ‬او‪  ‬ﺗﺸ رﺗ ﺕ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ Ir -‬‬
‫د‪ ‬اﻷﻗ م‪.‬‬ ‫‪:-‬‬
‫‪m`=B`/Z‬‬ ‫‪n`=L`/Z‬‬

‫‪ ‬ا ‪  ‬ﻨﺘ ﻒ‪ ‬ا ﺒﻘﺔ‪ ‬ا رو ﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺏ‪ ‬ا ﺘﺄ‬ ‫ﻖ‪  ‬ﻦ‪ ‬‬ ‫‪ z‬ا‬ ‫‪-‬‬
 ‫ﺍﺳﺎﺳﺎﺕ‪1‬‬
‫ﻣﻌﯿﺪ اﻟﻤﺎدة‪ :‬م‪.‬ﻋﺒﺪﷲ اﻟﺬوادي‪‬‬

‫‪Secondary Consolidation Settlement‬‬

‫‪ t1‬زﻣن ﻧﮭﺎﯾﺔ اﻟﺗﺻﻠب اﻹﺑﺗداﺋﻲ‪.‬‬

‫‪ t2‬زﻣن دراﺳﺔ اﻟﮭﺑوط اﻟﺛﺎﻧوي‪.‬‬

 1‫ﺍﺳﺎﺳﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻋﺒﺪﷲ اﻟﺬوادي‬.‫ م‬:‫ﻣﻌﯿﺪ اﻟﻤﺎدة‬
Bearing Pressure Of Foundations On Sand From SPT
**Meyerhof’s Method:-

.
B≤1.2m qn(KN/m2)=12N`60 * B>1.2m qn(KN/m2)=8N`60 * ∗

-: ‫ ﻣﺗوﺳط اﻟﺿرﺑﺎت ﻓﻲ ﻧطﺎق اﻷﻋﻣﺎق ﺣﺳب اﻟﺟدول اﻟﺗﺎﻟﻲ‬-: N

F. Type above Below

Square 2B

Rectangular min(0.5B or D) (4- ) *B

.

Strip 4B

**Meyerhof’s Modified Method:-

B≤1.2m qn(KN/m2)=18N`60 *

.
B>1.2m qn(KN/m2)=12N`60 * ∗

**Bowels based on Meyerhof:-

2
+0.25)
B≤1.2m qn(KN/m2)=20N`60 Fd * ∗ 1.25( ) Fd=1+0.33 ≤1.33

2
. +0.25)
B>1.2m qn(KN/m2)=12.5N` `60 Fd * ∗ ∗
1.25( )

ٌ
. ‫** ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺩﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺃﻳﻀﺎ ﻹﳚﺎﺩ ﺍﳍﺒﻮﻁ ﺍﻟﻔﻮﺭﻱ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻗﺪﺭﺓ ﲢﻤﻞ ﻣﺴﻤﻮﺣﺔ ﻣﻌﻴﻨﺔ‬

. )
= 1 ‫** ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻷﺳﺎس اﻟﻣرﺑﻊ ﻓﺎن‬
. ( )
 1‫ﺍﺳﺎﺳﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻋﺒﺪﷲ اﻟﺬوادي‬.‫ م‬:‫ﻣﻌﯿﺪ اﻟﻤﺎدة‬
Total and Differential Settlement
**Angular Distortion(ᵹ):-
∆
ᵹ= =tan(θ)

.‫اﻟﮭﺑوط اﻟﻣﺗﻔﺎوت‬: ∆

Criteria soil Isloated foundation Raft

∆ ∆
Angular Distortion Clay or Sand = =
Clay 45(35)mm 45(35)mm
Greatest Diff.sett
Sand 32(25)mm 32(25)mm
Clay 75mm (75-125)mm
Max.sett
Sand
50mm (50-75)mm

Total and Net footing Pressure

-:‫اﻹ ﺘﻴ دﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺕ‬ ‫اﻷ‬ (١

q = + Υ + (Υ − Υ ) ≤ q

q = + (Υ − Υ ) ≤ q For bearing capacity and Settlement. Υ

-: ‫ﺑ روم‬ ‫وﺟ د‬   ‫ﺕ‬ ‫( اﻷ‬2

q = + Υ + (Υ − Υ ) ≤ q

q = + (Υ − Υ ) ≤ q For bearing capacity.

q = + (Υ − Υ ) − Υ h ≤ q For Settlement.