NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY (NUTECH) DEPARTMENT

OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

EE-4104 Data Communication and Networks Lab

Batch: 2019-2023 Semester: VI Session: Spring-2022

EXPERIMENT NO-14:

Implementation of OSPF multi-area and router on a stick protocol using network

routers

Student Name: Yasir Hussain

ID: F19603013

Date of Experiment: 3rd-AUGUST-2022

Psychomotor Domain Rubric Based Assessment

Levels of Achievement
Unacceptable Just acceptable Basic Good Excellent Marks
(0- 1) (2) (3) (4) (5)
1. Ability to conduct an experiment
II. Implementation.

Lab Report Rubric Based Assessment in Affective Domain

Levels of Achievement
Unacceptable Just acceptable Basic Good Excellent
(0- 1) (2) (3) (4) (5) Marks
I. Organization/ Structure
II. Data Presentation.

Submitted To: LAB ENGR YASIR NASEER

 NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY (NUTECH) DEPARTMENT
OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

LAB # 14: Implementation of OSPF multi-area and router on a stick protocol

using network routers.

Objectives:
To familiarize students with the Implementation of OSPF multi-area and router on a stick protocol
using network routers.

Part A: OSPF multi-area protocol (STP) operation:

In OSPF, a single autonomous system (AS) can be divided into smaller groups called areas. This reduces
the number of link-state advertisements (LSAs) and other OSPF overhead traffic sent on the network, and
it reduces the size of the topology database that each router must maintain. The routing devices that
participate in OSPF routing perform one or more functions based on their location in the network.

This topic describes the following OSPF area types and routing device functions:

• Areas
• Area Border Routers
• Backbone Areas
• AS Boundary Routers
• Backbone Router
• Internal Router
• Stub Areas
• Not-So-Stubby Areas
• Transit Areas
• OSPF Area Types and Accepted LSAs

STEP1:
Make a ospf network by taking four router and joining them in a series using DCE serial connections.
Attach end devices to each router as per the requirement of the network. Assign the IP’s to each end device.
Divide the network into Area 1 and Area 2. Create an area 0 using another router and connect the router
with any router of Area 1 and Area 2 respectively.
NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY (NUTECH) DEPARTMENT
OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
 NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY (NUTECH) DEPARTMENT
OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

STEP2:
Now to turn on the Fast Ethernet and Serial connections between switches and routers we use command
line interface by assigning the gateways for router to communicate with end devices. We also use command
line interface to add network pertaining to a specific router in the network.

For Router 0:

NETWORKS FOR ROUTER 0:

 NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY (NUTECH) DEPARTMENT
OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

FOR ROUTER 1:
 NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY (NUTECH) DEPARTMENT
OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

NETWORKS FOR ROUTER 1:

 NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY (NUTECH) DEPARTMENT
OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

FOR ROUTER 2:

NETWORKS FOR ROUTER 2:

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OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

FOR ROUTER 3:

NETWORK FOR ROUTER 3:

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OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
 NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY (NUTECH) DEPARTMENT
OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

FOR ROUTER 4:
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OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

NETWORKS FOR ROUTER 4:

STEP3:
Using ping command check the connectivity between different areas of the ospf network. We will see that
communication between different areas would be successful.
 NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY (NUTECH) DEPARTMENT
OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

STEP4:
Now to check whether the area 1 communicate with area 2 via Area 0 we use protocol data unit. This also
helps us in checking the connectivity of the network.
 NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY (NUTECH) DEPARTMENT
OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

CONCLUSION:
Ospf provide us the methodology to divide our network into smaller areas which are controlled by a single
backbone network area 0. In this lab we were able to implement a simple Ospf network having two Areas
1 & 2 which are connected to area 0. This helps achieve a controlled network whose purpose to navigate
data packets between different areas. We assigned IP’s to the end devices, Serial connections and gateways
attached to any routers etc.

Part B: Router on a stick:

In computing, a router on a stick, also known as a one-armed router,[1][2] is a router that has a single
physical or logical connection to a network. It is a method of inter-VLAN (virtual local area networks)
routing where one router is connected to a switch via a single cable. The router has physical connections to
the broadcast domains where one or more VLANs require the need for routing between them.

Devices on separate VLANs or in a typical LAN (local area network) are unable to communicate with each
other. Therefore, it is often used to forward traffic between locally attached hosts on separate logical routing
domains or to facilitate routing table administration, distribution and relay.

Lab Activity:
Building of inter VLAN using router and end devices.
STEP1:
Create a network using a generic router and connect it with a switch. Also connect two end devices with
the switch.
 NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY (NUTECH) DEPARTMENT
OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

STEP2:
Create Vlan on the switch.

STEP3:
Assign ports of the switch to their respective Vlan’s.

STEP3:
By using command Show Vlan’s see that the Vlan’s have been created and their respective ports have been
assigned.
 NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY (NUTECH) DEPARTMENT
OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

STEP4:
In the command line interface of the switch, turn on the trunk mode by using command switchport mode
trunk.

STEP5:
Using the router CLI turn on the router and switch communication link.
 NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY (NUTECH) DEPARTMENT
OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

STEP6:
Using the router CLI, divide the port of the gateway and assign them the IP’s for the end devices. This
process is called encapsulation.

STEP7:
Using show ip int brief command see the ports have been divided and the IP have been assigned to the ports
or not.
 NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY (NUTECH) DEPARTMENT
OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

STEP8:
Using show int trunk command in the switch CLI, see that Vlan are in trunk mode.

STEP9:
Assign the respective IP’s to the end devices and also assign them their respective gateways for
communication.
 NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY (NUTECH) DEPARTMENT
OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

STEP10:
Using ping check the connectivity of the network.
 NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY (NUTECH) DEPARTMENT
OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

lab Task:
Make an inter VLAN network with 3 LANs (EE, CE, CEN) using router and verify connectivity using ping
command. Every VLAN must have 2 or 3 End devices
 NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY (NUTECH) DEPARTMENT
OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

STEP1:
Create a network using a generic router and connect it with a switch. Also connect two end devices with
the switch.

STEP2:
Create three Vlan on the switch. Also assign ports of the switch to their respective Vlan’s.
 NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY (NUTECH) DEPARTMENT
OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

STEP3:
By using command Show Vlan’s see that the Vlan’s have been created and their respective ports have been
assigned.
 NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY (NUTECH) DEPARTMENT
OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

STEP4:
In the command line interface of the switch, turn on the trunk mode by using command switchport mode
trunk.

STEP5:
Using the router CLI turn on the router and switch communication link. Using the router CLI, divide the
port of the gateway and assign them the IP’s for the end devices. This process is called encapsulation.
 NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY (NUTECH) DEPARTMENT
OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

STEP7:
Using show ip int brief command see the ports have been divided and the IP have been assigned to the ports
or not.
 NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY (NUTECH) DEPARTMENT
OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

STEP8:
Assign the respective IP’s to the end devices and also assign them their respective gateways for
communication.
 NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY (NUTECH) DEPARTMENT
OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

STEP9:
Using ping check the connectivity of the network.
NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY (NUTECH) DEPARTMENT
OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
 NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY (NUTECH) DEPARTMENT
OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

USING PDU TO CHECK CONNECTIVITY:

CONCLUSION:
In this lab we learned how configure a router to be utilized as a stick. It avails us divide the gateway port
into different IP’s and assign them the gateways to different LAN’s. We engendered a network utilizing a
router and a switch. The terminus contrivances were connected to the switch via Vlan’s. Utilizing the switch
trunk mode we encapsulate the ports and assign them the LAN’s gateways.in the cessation we assigned
IP’s to the cessation contrivances and withal their respective LAN gateway. Utilizing PDU and ping
command we checked the connectivity and communication of the network.