Creative

Nonfiction
(Quarter I- Module I/Week I)

Department of Education
SDO- City of San Fernando (LU)
Region 1
 12
English
(Quarter 1- Module I/Week I)

Meeting the Figures

of Speech
MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING COMPETENCY
Create samples of the different literary elements based on
one’s experience. (HUMSS_CNF11/12-Ib-d-4)

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PRE - ASSESSMENT

Let us find out how much you know about this lesson by
answering this Pre-assessment. After answering and checking,
take note of the items that you were not able to answer correctly
and look for the right answer as you go through this lesson.
Goodluck!

MULTIPLE CHOICES. Complete each sentence by writing the letter of your best
choice on the space provided before each number.
_____1. Human experiences that are taken into account through the form of writing is
referred to as _____.
A. Article B. Letter C. Literature D. Written Works
_____2. Truthful writing using literary elements is best exemplified in the form of _____.
A. Creative Fiction C. Creative Nonfiction
B. Creative Writing D. Creative Prose
_____3. A form of Creative Nonfiction that accounts a memorable voyage is called _____.
A. Autobiography B. Diary C. Memoir D. Travelogue
_____4. The subject or central idea of a story is called _____.
A. Lesson B. Moral C. Theme D. Topic Sentence
_____5. Anything that is brought about by pure imagination and is put into writing is called
_____.
A. Drama B. Fiction C. Poetry D. Prose
_____6. “Creative Nonfiction involves inaccurate and researched information.” The
statement is _____.
A. False B. True C. Both A and B D. Neither A nor B
_____7. “Fiction is a literature that describes imaginary events and people.” The statement is
_____.
A. False B. True C. Both A and B D. Neither A nor B
_____8. An element of a story that performs actions and creates dialogs is called _____.
A. Character B. Plot C. Setting D. Theme
_____9. The stand of the narrator in a story is called _____.
A. Character B. Point of View C. Theme D. Voice
_____10. In Creative Nonfiction, a writer attempts to record, retell, and _________a moment
from real life.
A. Contemplate B. Observe C. Shape D. Study
_____11. The writing of a person’s own life story is basically known as _____.
A. Autobiography B. Biography C. Memoir D. story
_____12. The element of a story that speaks of the struggles of the characters is called _____.
A. Conflict C. Falling Action
B. Denouement D. Rising Action
_____13. Another element of a story that shows how the narration is undergone is called
_____.
A. Characterization B. Plot C. Point of View D. Setting
_____14. A conflict that happens within a character himself is termed as _____.
A. External Conflict C. Man vs Society
B. Internal Conflict D. Man vs Nature
_____15. The element of Creative nonfiction that allows the reader to create sensory images
is _____.
A. Dialog B. Imagery C. Figure of Speech D. Scene

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_____16. _____ refers to the use of words that are far from the literal meaning.
A. Dialog B. Imagery C. Figure of Speech D. Reflection
_____17. A character that is indirectly involved in the clash of main characters but suffer the
consequences is _____.
A. Antagonist C. Protagonist
B. Bystander D. Victim of Circumstance
_____18. The beginning information provided by the author in a story is called ____.
A. Conflict B. Denouement C. Exposition D. Introduction
_____19. A figure of speech that states the contrary of the used words is _____.
A. Anaphora B. Irony C. Personification D. Synecdoche
_____20. An example of a CNF article which focuses on a specific significant event of a
person’s life is called _____.
A. Autobiography B. Biography C. Essay D. Memoir
_____21. “His mother is his light in the darkness because she always supports him through
ups and downs.” The word/s that promotes symbolism is _____.
A. darkness B. light C. mother D. ups and downs
_____22. “My throat started to be scorched by the ocean water and breathe seems wanting to
depart from my soul.” The statement exemplifies which figure of speech?
A. Apostrophe B. Hyperbole C. Personification D. simile
_____23. “The door is made from the hardest wood endemic to the province. Its corners were
carved with little angel’s head which seemed to be smiling as they cried. Its varnish
seems to be unattended for years as termite tracks are embroidered with
crossroads.” The statement uses imagery mainly because _______.
A. The words used in the sentence are not that complicated.
B. The words used in the sentence are specific.
C. The words used in the sentence makes the user picture a figure or scene.
D. The words used in the sentence use imagination for emphasis.
_____24. The best theme among the following for the statement in item number 23 should
deal with _____.
A. Importance B. Loss C. Memory D. Trust
_____25. “Grace is rich but full of misery. Diane is poor but contented.” The theme must
revolve around _____.
A. Happiness B. Greatness C. Money D. Success
_____26. “Jordan could have quit basketball in his sophomore year, but he continued playing
and became one of the greatest players in history.” The theme of the quote must
deal with _____.
A. Chances B. Efforts C. Persistence D. Success
_____27. “Jay asked Mark to be his project partner. However, since the first day of work,
Mark never showed up and the project became a failure.” The best theme for the
quote is _____.
A. Choose your partners wisely.
B. Greatness comes from great partnership.
C. No man is an island.
D. Tell me who your friends are and I’ll tell you who you are.
_____28. “James has always helped Anthony. During the storm Anthony offered his home
for James for the latter’s was destroyed.” Each of the following may be a focus of
the theme EXCEPT _____.
A. Brotherhood B. Friendship C. Kindness D. Respect
_____29. In writing a Creative Nonfiction article, the following are included EXCEPT
_____.

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 A. Data B. Ideas C. Myths D. Opinions
_____30. In a travelogue, the focus of the writer should be _____.
A. Experiences B. Events C. Memories D. Realizations

Good job! How did you find the Pre-Assessment?

If you find the items hard, do not worry. This module will make you
understand Creative Nonfiction the easiest way

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WEEK
CONTENT STANDARD
The learner understands the literary conventions

1 that govern the different genres.

PERFORMANCE STANDARD
The learner clearly and coherently uses a chosen
element conventionally identified with a genre for
written output.

MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING COMPETENCY

Create samples of the different literary elements
based on one’s experience.

MEETING FIGURES OF SPEECH

LET’S DIG IN
All literary works use various elements and techniques. They create an intended
perception of the writing for the reader. Literary devices will allow you to
guide your readers in a specific direction and make them interpret your words
the way you want them to be.
Although there are several literary devices used by authors, here are the most common
ones (Figures of Speech) used:

ALLITERATION – it is the repetition of the first letters or sounds of words in a line or sentence

The president sings sorrowful sorry songs.

Able and amiable authors auditioned for the story writing contest.

EUPHEMISM – a word or phrase used to avoid saying unpleasant or offensive words

Your make-up is nice; but I think it would be better if you lighten it a

bit. (It is saying “your make-up is overdone” in a nice way)
The senior citizens need respect. Saying po and opo is nice.
(Senior citizens is the used instead of old people.)

FORESHADOWING – these are words that give a hint to readers about what will happen

Martin bows his head nervously greeting the teacher as he enters their
classroom fifteen minutes late. His teacher dislikes tardiness.

HYPERBOLE – exaggerating a statement to emphasize an emotion

I died last night thinking of my late requirement.
She encoded a report of fifty pages that her fingers are falling off.

IDIOM – a phrase expressing a meaning different from the literal meaning of individual words

Good luck on your match. Bring home the bacon.

Don’t cry over a spilled milk. You can’t bring the past back.

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METAPHOR – directly referring to one thing by mentioning another

You are my sun when I am sad.

We cannot talk things over with her. She is an angry tiger.
METONYMY – something is used to represent something related to it

The AFP follows the command of the Malacañan.

(Malacañan refers to the President of the Philippines.)
Let me give you a hand.
(hand refers to help)

ONOMATOPOEIA – words that mimic natural sound

Bang! The tree comes on fire being hit by lightning.

And, the wind went shwooosh!

OXYMORON – words that puts two contradictory words together to form a complex meaning

I never slept well last night. I am already a living dead.

You don’t understand the comforting pain I am into right now.

PERSONIFICATION – the attribution of human characteristic to something nonhuman

The bamboo is dancing with the wind, gracefully bending its waist.
The family house silently waits for the return of its masters.

SATIRE – a situation using humor, wit, or sarcasm to expose human folly or vice

(The story series of Pepito Manaloto in TV Network GMA 7)

(The story series of ABS-CBN’s Home Along da Riles during the 90’s.)

SIMILE – comparing two unrelated things to creating new meaning and understanding using
“as….as” or “like”

During his fever, he was as warm as a dog.

Frederick Ramirez of Team La Union ran like the wind during the Ayala
Athletics Championship 2017.

SYMBOLISM – using objects or actions to mean something more than the literal meaning of
the words used

I may have failed today, but my sun will come tomorrow.

The rains fall heavily upon him losing his girlfriend.

SYNECDOCHE – a part is made to represent the whole

San Fernando City outran its competitors during the 4x100m Boys
Relay.

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 There should only be 20 heads per class under the “New Normal.”

http://solitaryspark.blogspot.com/2013/09/10-common-literary-devices-with-examples.html

Figures of Speech are words that intend to make statements

colorful. Sometimes, they make awful statements sound lighter.
Try viewing the following in youtube.com for further
understanding:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5l2Jktoqi5w
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3P_XeyPh2XY

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 LET’S PRACTICE

Choose the letter of the metaphor, simile or idiom from the box that matches the
meaning of the underlined word/s below.

_____1. Why do people stay up late?

a. Homework is a breeze.
_____2. I disagree to your opinion.
b. Eat like a horse.
_____3. Don’t cry, move on with it.
c. Gut feeling.
_____4. Why do you keep lounging around a lot.
d. Bite your tongue.
_____5. Why do you eat a lot of food?
e. Beat a dead horse.
_____6. You have a great singing voice.
f. As clear as mud.
_____7. The children are running around.
g. He's thin as a stick.
_____8. I have an intuition about the party.
h. No dice.
_____9. Avoid talking when you’re eating.
i. Get over it!
_____10. Try to accept without proof.
j. Sings like an angel.
_____11. The homework is easy.
k. My ship has sailed.
_____12. His instructions are difficult to understand.
l. Night owl.
_____13. Having not joined the camp is a lost
opportunity. m. Couch potato.

_____14. The man standing by the road is very n. Benefit of the doubt.
skinny.
o. Rug rats
_____15. Don’t keep talking about a past issue.

https://www.worksheetplace.com/mf_pdf/Figures-of-Speech-worksheet-7.pdf (modified)

Good job! How did you find the activity?

Now, we will test your knowledge further.
Proceed to the next pages and answer the activities.
Afterward, detach the activity sheet and put it in your
envelope for me to check your progress later on. I know you
can do it!

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 PRACTICE EXERCISE 1

Directions: Read the lines of poetry. Figure out which technique is being used: simile,
metaphor, hyperbole, or personification. Explain how you figured out your answer. It is
possible that more than one technique is being used. If you can, explain each.

1. When the wind is low, and the sea is soft,

And the far heat-lightning plays

Which technique is being used?

________________________________________________________
How do you figure? (write a sentence explaining your answer)
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

2. Your beauty was a web of frail delight.

Which technique is being used?

________________________________________________________
How do you figure? (write a sentence explaining your answer)
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

3. Now that I am without you, all is desolate;

All that was once so beautiful is dead.

Which technique is being used?

________________________________________________________
How do you figure? (write a sentence explaining your answer)
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

4. The little Road says, Go,

The little House says, Stay:

Which technique is being used?

________________________________________________________
How do you figure? (write a sentence explaining your answer)
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

5. I could grow very still

Like an old stone on a hill

Which technique is being used?

________________________________________________________
How do you figure? (write a sentence explaining your answer)
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

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6. My heart is but a haughty snail!

Which technique is being used?

________________________________________________________
How do you figure? (write a sentence explaining your answer)
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

7. Your kiss lies on my face

Like the first snow
Upon a summer place.

Which technique is being used?

________________________________________________________
How do you figure? (write a sentence explaining your answer)
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

8. How sweet the sobbing violin!

Which technique is being used?

________________________________________________________
How do you figure? (write a sentence explaining your answer)
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

9. An endless quiet valley spreads out

Past the blue hills into the evening sky;

Which technique is being used?

________________________________________________________
How do you figure? (write a sentence explaining your answer)
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

10. His pigtail is long and thick,

Like a pump-handle stuck on the end of a stick.

Which technique is being used?

________________________________________________________
How do you figure? (write a sentence explaining your answer)
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
https://www.ereadingworksheets.com/figurative-language-worksheets/figurative-language-worksheet.pd (modified)

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 PRACTICE EXERCISE 2
Underline the oxymoron in each sentence. Afterwards, explain each on the lines
provided.
1) My younger brother took the larger half of the puto.
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
2) The teacher, with a dull roar, asked the class to keep the noise down.
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
3) When Maria expressed her election idea to the class, it went over like a lead balloon.
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
4) It was a minor miracle that no one was hurt when the car ran off the highway shoulder.
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
5) Juan became a one-man band to finish the group research project.
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
6) He is always able to give an unbiased opinion when he is asked politely.
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
7) The toy company faced a friendly takeover by the motorcycle manufacturer.
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
8) She asked in a loud whisper if anyone wanted to leave the movie with her.
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
9) Antonino’s known secret becomes viral in social media.
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
10) The class went into a deafening silence when they accidentally broke the TV during a
role play.
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

https://www.ereadingworksheets.com/figurative-language-worksheets/figurative-language-worksheet.pd
(modified)

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 PRACTICE EXERCISE 3

Following is a poem by BJ Patino. Apo on the Wall is a poem that talks about the
narration of a child’s point of view about his rigorous Father and the hanging photo on the
wall called “Apo.”

Read the poem carefully. Underline the words/phrases that signify a figure of speech.
On the line/s adjacent to your underlined words/phrase, identify the figure of speech used and
explain why.
Apo on the Wall

There’s this man’s photo on the wall _____________________

Of my father’s office at home, you _____________________
Know, where father brings his work, _____________________
Where he doesn’t look strange _____________________
Still wearing his green uniform _____________________
And colored breast plates, where, _____________________
To prove that he works hard, he _____________________
Also brought a photo of his boss _____________________
Whom he calls Apo, so Apo could _____________________
You know, hang around on the wall _____________________
Behind him and look over his shoulders _____________________
To make sure he’s snappy and all. _____________________
Father snapped at me once, caught me _____________________
Sneaking around his office at home _____________________
Looking at the stuff on his wall- handguns, _____________________
Plaques, a sword, medals a rifle- _____________________
Told me that was no place for a boy _____________________
Only men, when he didn’t really _____________________
Have to tell me because, you know, _____________________
That photo of Apo on the wall was already _____________________
Looking at me around, _____________________
His eyes following me like he was _____________________
That scary Jesus in the hallway, saying _____________________
I know what you’re doing. _____________________
http://bertsnewblog.blogspot.com/2018/07/apo-on-wall-by-bj-patino.html

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 PRACTICE EXERCISE 4

Below is an essay by Carmen Guerrero-Nakpil. Nakpil who is "Chitang" to her family

and friends is a practicing journalist whose takes time out now and then from her daily
journalistic chores to write fine essays. She is fortunate to have an impish sort of humor that
has kept her sense of balance well, a perceptive mind that can see beneath the veneer of sham,
a fierce pride in her identity as a woman, and a skill for elegant expression that is the envy of
many and the equal of few. Read through and underline the figures of speech found within the
essay and above each, write a phrase that briefly explain your choice.

Where is the Patis?

A Filipino may denationalize himself but not his stomach. He may travel over the seven

seas, the five continents, the two hemispheres and lose the savor of home, forget his identity

and believes himself a citizen of the world. But he remains- gastronomically, at least, always

a Filipino. For, if in no other way, the Filipino loves his country with his stomach.

Travel has become the great Filipino dream. In the same way that an American dreams

of becoming a millionaire or an English boy dreams of going to one of the great universities,

the Filipino dreams of going abroad. His most constant vision is that of himself as a tourist.

To visit Hongkong, Tokyo and other cities of Asia, perchance or to catch a glimpse of

Rome, Paris or London or to go to America (even for only a week in a fly- specked motel in

California) is the sum of all delights.

Yet having left Manila International Airport in a pink cloud

of despedidas and sampaguita garlands and pabilin, the dream turns into a nightmare very

quickly. But why? Because the first bastion of the Filipino spirit is the palate. And in all the

palaces and fleshpots and skyscrapers of that magic world called "abroad" there is no patis to

be had.

Consider the Pinoy abroad. He has discarded the barong tagalog or "polo" for a dark,

sleek Western suit. He takes to the hailiments from Hongkong, Brooks Brothers or Savile Row

with the greatest of ease. He has also shed the casual informality of manner that is

characteristically Filipino. He gives himself the airs of a cosmopolite to the credit-card born.

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He is extravagantly courteous (especially in a borrowed language) and has taken to hand-

kissing and to planty of American "D'you mind's?"

He hardly misses the heat, the native accents of Tagalog or Ilongo or the company of

his brown- skinned cheerful compatriots. He takes, like duck to water, to the skyscrapers, the

temperate climate, the strange landscape and the fabled refinements of another world. How

nice, after all, to be away from good old R.P. for a change!

But as he sits down to meal, no matter how sumptuous, his heart sinks. His stomach

juices, he discovers, are much less neither as apahap nor lapu-lapu. Tournedos is meat done in

barbarian way, thick and barely cooked with red juices still oozing out. The safest choice is a

steak. If the Pinoy can get it well done enough and sliced thinly enough, it might remind him

of tapa.

If the waiter only knew enough about Philippine cuisine, he might suggest venison

which is really something like tapang usa, or escargots which the unstylish poor on Philippine

beaches know as snails. Or even frog' legs which are a Pampango delight.

But this is the crux of the problem, where is the rice? A silver tray offers varieties of

bread: slices of crusty French bread, soft yellow rolls, rye bread, crescents studded with sesame

seeds. There are also potatoes in every conceivable manner, fried, mashed, boiled, buttered.

But no rice.

The Pinoy learns that rice is considered a vegetable in Europe and America. The staff

of life a vegetable!

Where is the patis?

And when it comes a special order which takes at least half an hour the grains are large,

oval and foreign- looking and what's more, yellow with butter. And oh horrors! - one must

shove it with a fork or pile it with one's knife on the back of another fork.

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 After a few days of these debacles, the Pinoy, sick with longing, decides to comb the

strange city for a Chinese restaurant, the closest thing to the beloved gastronomic country.

There, in the company of other Asian exiles, he will put his nose finally in a bowl of rice and

find it more fragrant than an English rose garden, more exciting than a castle on the Rhine and

more delicious than pink champagne.

To go with the rice there is siopao (not so rich as at Salazar), pancit guisado reeking

with garlic (but never so good as any that can be had on the sidewalks of Quiapo),

fried lumpia with the incorrect sauce, and even mami (but nothing like the down-town wanton)

Better than a Chinese restaurant is the kitchen of a kababayan. When in a foreign city,

a Pinoy searches every busy sidewalk, theater, restaurant for the well- remembered golden

features of a fellow- pinoy. But make it no mistake.//

http://kathangpinoy.blogspot.com/2012/03/where-is-patis-by-carmen-guerrero.html

GOOD JOB!
YOU DID IT YOURSELF!

Always Remember: Figures of Speech are used

to make a written piece livelier.
It breaks the monotony of reading
mere words. It enhances your critical thinking and
Imagination, too.

Don’t you think euphemism is the best?

You are now ready to take your first task.
Please proceed to the next page.

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 Performance Task 1
Name: ____________________________________ Score: ____________________
Grade/Section: _________________ Date: _____________________

Complete the table by providing a sentence with the specified figure of speech indicating
your experiences in the identified situations.
Conversation
Discussion in Riding a Having fun Cooking in the
with the
the classroom Jeepney with friends Kitchen
Elderly

SIMILE

METAPHOR

PERSONIFICATION

SYMBOLISM

OXYMORON

SATIRE

IDIOM

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REFERENCES
Mayo Saji “Happy Pride” Bluestockingsmag.com
https://ammo.com/articles/homeschooling-guide-for-parents
https:// www.photo_114085212_stock-vector-homeschooling
https://www.globalcognition.org/21-study-tips/
https://gradepowerlearning.com/what-type-learner-is-my-child/
https://www.who.int/westernpacific/emergencies/covid-19/information/transmission-protective-
measures
https://www.your-health.tips/photo
http://solitaryspark.blogspot.com/2013/09/10-common-literary-devices-with-examples.html
https://www.worksheetplace.com/mf_pdf/Figures-of-Speech-worksheet-7.pdf (modified)
https://www.ereadingworksheets.com/figurative-language-worksheets/figurative-language-
worksheet.pd (modified)
http://bertsnewblog.blogspot.com/2018/07/apo-on-wall-by-bj-patino.html
http://kathangpinoy.blogspot.com/2012/03/where-is-patis-by-carmen-guerrero.html

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