HUMAN BEHAVIOR

the potential and expressed capacity for physical,

mental, and social activity during the phases of
human life.

FACTORS/PATTERNS AFFECTING HUMAN

BEHAVIOR

• PSYCHOANALYSIS
• BEHAVIORISM
• HUMANISTIC
• COGNITIVE
• NEUROLOGICAL
 PSYCHOANALYSIS
Sigmund Freud
- Psychoanalytic Theory
“Moral
Principle”
“Reality
“Pleasure Principle”
Principle” Super
id ego
Conscience

ego
 BEHAVIORISM
2 Principles

Classical Conditioning- IVAN PAVLOV

Operant Conditioning- Burrhus Frederic Skinner

 HUMANISTIC

Abraham Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

 COGNITIVE
Jean Piaget
NEUROLOGICAL
 CONCEPTS OF MENTAL
HEALTH AND MENTAL ILLNESS
A. State of Mental Health and Mental Illness in
the country and the World
1. Mental Health Care Delivery System in the
Philippines and it’s importance and impact in
the community
• Mental Health Act
MENTAL HEALTH ACT
‘a right to freedom from discrimination, right to
protection from torture, cruel, inhumane, and
degrading treatment; right to aftercare and
rehabilitation; right to be adequately informed
about psychosocial and clinical assessments;
right to participate in the treatment plan to be
implemented; right to evidence-based or
informed consent; right to confidentiality; and
right to counsel, among others’.
MENTAL HEALTH IN THE PHILIPPINES

• 14% Filipinos with identified

mental disorders

• Increased unreported cases

of disabled population with
mental health issues

• Cost of treatment
MENTAL HEALTH CARE DELIVERY
SYSTEM

• Health Care Facilities

• Sociocultural Factors

• Promotion, Prevention, Advocacy and Awareness

 Mental Health Gap Action
Programme (mhGAP)

was developed in order to address specific challenges in

humanitarian emergency settings. mhGAP-HIG provides guidance
on the presentation, assessment and management of a range of
mental, neurological and substance use conditions, as well as
general principles of care.
 MENTAL HEALTH PROGRAM (PH)
Mental health and well-being is a concern of all.
Addressing concerns related to MNS contributes to the
attainment of the SDGs.
Through a comprehensive mental health program that
includes a wide range of promotive, preventive, treatment
and rehabilitative services;
- that is for all individuals across the life course
especially those at risk of and suffering from MNS disorders;
- integrated in various treatment settings from
community to facility that is implemented from the national
to the barangay level;
- and backed with institutional support mechanisms
from different government agencies and CSOs, we hope to
attain the highest possible level of health for the nation
because there is no Universal Health Care without mental
health
MENTAL HEALTH PROGRAM (PH)
Vision
A society that promotes the well-being of all Filipinos,
supported by transformative multi-sectoral partnerships,
comprehensive mental health policies and programs, and a
responsive service delivery network

Mission
To promote over-all wellness of all Filipinos, prevent mental,
psychosocial, and neurologic disorders, substance abuse and
other forms of addiction, and reduce burden of disease by
improving access to quality care and recovery in order to
attain the highest possible level of health to participate fully in
society.
 MENTAL HEALTH PROGRAM (PH)
Objectives
1.To promote participatory governance and leadership in mental
health

2.To strengthen coverage of mental health services through

multi-sectoral partnership to provide high quality service aiming
at best patient experience in a responsive service delivery
network

3.To harness capacities of LGUs and organized groups to

implement promotive and preventive interventions on mental
health

4.To leverage quality data and research evidence for mental

health

5.To set standards for compliance in different aspects of services

 MENTAL HEALTH PROGRAM (PH)
Program Components

1. Wellness of Daily Living

• All health/social/poverty reduction/safety and
security programs and the like are protective
factors in general for the entire population
• Promotion of Healthy Lifestyle, Prevention and
Control of Diseases, Family wellness programs, etc
• School and workplace health and wellness
programs

2. Extreme Life Experience

• Provision of mental health and psychosocial
support (MHPSS) during personal and community
wide disasters
 MENTAL HEALTH PROGRAM (PH)
3. Mental Disorder

4. Neurologic Disorders

5. Substance Abuse and other Forms of Addiction

•Provision of services for mental, neurologic and
substance use disorders at the primary level from
assessment, treatment and management to referral;
and provision of psychotropic drugs which are
provided for free.

•Enhancement of mental health facilities under HFEP

 MENTAL HEALTH PROGRAM (PH)

Calendar of Activities

September 10 - World Suicide Prevention Day

October 10 -World Mental Health Day

2nd Week of October - National Mental Week

 MENTAL HEALTH PROGRAM (PH)
Statistics
The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that
1.154 million people suffer from depression

1. A million from schizophrenia

2. 877,000 people die by suicide every year

3. 50 million people suffer from epilepsy

4. 24 million from Alzheimer’s disease and other

dementias

5.15.3 million persons with drug use disorders

THERAPEUTIC MODELS

SIGMUND FREUD

The founding father of psychoanalysis

SIGMUND FREUD
SIGMUND FREUD
SIGMUND FREUD

DEFENSE MECHANISMS
SIGMUND FREUD
THERAPEUTIC MODELS

ERIK ERIKSON

Psychosocial Developmental Theory

Erik Erikson
Erik Erikson
THERAPEUTIC MODELS

Harry Stack Sullivan

Interpersonal Theory of Personality

Interpersonal Psychotherapy Model

Harry Stack Sullivan
THERAPEUTIC MODELS

Hildegard Peplau
The Theory of Interpersonal Relations
Hildegard Peplau

HEALTH NURSING

PERSON
ENVIRONMENT
Hildegard Peplau

Roles of Nurses
Primary Role Secondary Role

• Stranger • Technical Expert

• Teacher • Mediator
• Resource Person • Safety Agent
• Counselor • Researcher
• Surrogate • Tutor
• Leader • Manager of
Environment
Hildegard Peplau
Hildegard Peplau
Hildegard Peplau
THERAPEUTIC MODELS

Jean Piaget

Theory and Stages of Cognitive Development

Jean Piaget

Piaget’s Four Stages

Stage Age Goal
Sensorimotor Birth to 18-24 Object
months permanence
Preoperational 2 to 7 years old Symbolic
thought
Concrete Ages 7 to 11 Logical
operational years thought
Formal Adolescence Scientific
operational to adulthood reasoning
THERAPEUTIC MODELS

Aaron Beck
Father of cognitive behavior therapy
Aaron Beck

“If beliefs do not change, there is no improvement. If beliefs change,

symptoms change. Beliefs function as little operational units”
Aaron Beck
THERAPEUTIC MODELS

Albert Ellis
Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT)
Albert Ellis
Albert Ellis
STRESS MODELS

Hans Selye

General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS)

Hans Selye
"The interpretation of stressful events is more
important than the events themselves." -
Lazarus
STRESS MODELS

Richard Lazarus

Transactional model of stress and coping/

Transactional Stress Model
Transactional Stress
Model
STRESS
100 %
How can we measure stress?

100 %
How do you deal with stress?

100 %
Coping Styles
100 %
Coping Mechanisms
Instrumental Coping – This coping mechanism also referred to as problem-solving
which focuses on reducing stress around a given scenario by concentrating on ways
to handle the issue.

Emotion-Focused Coping – This coping style lays emphasis on the emotional

health and gathers tools to nurture it over a stressful period.

Avoidance Coping – This is evident during denial. The person employing it ignores
the issue at hand and this results in activities that help him or her avoid the 100 %
problem.

Active Coping – This style begins with awareness of the life stressor and thereafter
efforts to lessen the impact of the negative outcome.
Coping Mechanisms
Humor – This strategy involves positive reframing or highlighting the
amusing components of an issue to help lessen its impact. It is used in
dealing with small failures and low-level stressors.

Seeking Emotional Support – Family members, friends, or professional

online therapists can help give you support during stressful periods.
This is good for maintaining your emotional health.

Problem Solving – This is a critical coping mechanism that gives you

space to explore the source of the problem and determine 100 %
appropriate steps to take. This strategy is helpful in work situations.

Relaxation – Online therapy for stress management commonly

involves calming techniques and relaxing activities to enhance
overall coping.
Coping Mechanisms
Physical Exercise – Engaging in physical activities such as
team sports, running, walking among other exercises can
expand your capacity to handle the stress in a given
situation. You may combine the exercises with relaxation
techniques such as mediation, yoga, and progressive
muscle relaxation.

Expectation Management – By anticipating various 100 %

outcomes and adjusting expectations to scenarios in life,
you can prepare beforehand imminent stress associated
with a certain event or change.