PNTC COLLEGES

Zone III, Lt. Cantimbuhan St. Poblacion, Dasmariñas City

COLLEGE OF MARITIME EDUCATION

ONLINE DISTANCE LEARNING MODULE

COURSE CODE SEA 101A PRE-REQUISITE None

COURSE TITLE Ships, Ship Routine & Construction SEMESTER 1st
UNITS 4 YEAR LEVEL 1st
COURSE DESCRIPTION This course covers the requirements in Chapter II of the 1978 STCW Convention, as
amended, in Table A-II/1 of Section A-II/1 and Table A-II/2 of Section A-II/2. This course
provides the background knowledge to support the following main topics arranged by
chapters: The Principal Structure Members of a ship, Working Knowledge of the Mooring
System and Related Procedures, Knowledge of Deck Equipment, Knowledge of the
Following Procedures and their Abilities, and Ability to Carry Out Deck Maintenance
According to Shipboard Instructions and Safety.
CREATED BY 2/M Jeus A. Bencio - Faculty, MT, College of Maritime Education

TOPIC LEARNING
OUTCOMES
WEEKLY CONTENT TOPIC
At the end of the lesson, the ACTIVITIES
students shall be able to:
Module 4 (Week 4) The Principal Structure Members of a Ship

Topic 4: Hull Structure (cont.)

Engage
Double Bottom Structure • illustrate double-bottom How you think ships drain water on
An inner bottom (or tank top) may be structure for longitudinal deck whenever seawater splash
provided at a minimum height above the and transverse framing; onboard or during rain?
bottom shell, and maintained water
tightness to the bilges. This provides a • illustrate hold drainage Explore
considerable margin of safety, since in the systems and related
event of bottom shell damage only the structures;
double bottom space may be flooded.
• illustrate a duct keel;
(See Appendix F)
• sketch the deck edge,
Inner Bottom Plating showing attachment of
The inner bottom plating may in a general sheer strake and stringer
cargo ship be sloped at the side to form a plate;
bilge for drainage purposes.
• sketch a radiused sheer
Duct Keel strake and attached
A plated box/tunneled keel allowing passage structure; What do you think is the purpose
right forward. It provides additional why this bulkhead is irregularly
buoyancy, together with a through • explain the stress shaped?
passageway for cables and pipelines running concentration in the deck
in the fore and aft direction. round hatch opening; Explain and Elaborate
Discussion of Topic
• explain compensation for
loss of strength at hatch
opening;
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Zone III, Lt. Cantimbuhan St. Poblacion, Dasmariñas City
Shell Plating
The shell plating forms the watertight skin of
the ship and at the same time, in merchant
ship construction, contributes to the
longitudinal strength and resists vertical
shear forces.
Sheer strake – The upper strake of plating
adjacent to the strength deck.
Stringer plate – The strake of deck plating
adjacent to the sheer strake.
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• sketch a transverse Evaluate
section through a hatch What is the importance of having a
coaming, showing the double bottom?
arrangement of coamings
and deep webs; Explain the drainage system on
ships.
• sketch the structural
arrangement of hatch Why do hatch openings have
corner in plain view; radiused edges instead of straight
edges?
• sketch deck-freeing
arrangements, scuppers, Quiz on Edmodo.
freeing ports, and open
rails; Extend
What do you think is better for
• illustrate the connection ships tanks, plain bulkhead and
of superstructures to the corrugated bulkhead? Explain.
hull at the ship's side;
Is bridge a superstructure or a deck
• sketch a plain bulkhead house? Defend your answer.
showing connections to
deck, sides and double
bottom and the
arrangement of stiffeners;
• sketch a corrugated
bulkhead;
• explain why transverse
bulkheads vertical
corrugations and fore-and-
aft bulkheads have
horizontal ones; and
• describe the purpose of
bilge keels and why they are
attached to the ship's side.
SEA 101A(Module 5)
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Zone III, Lt. Cantimbuhan St. Poblacion, Dasmariñas City

Hatch Openings
Any openings abreast the hatch openings in
a deck are kept to a minimum and clear of
the hatch corners. If such openings are cut,
compensation is required to restore the
sectional area of deck. All large openings in
the decks have well rounded corners, with
insert plates fitted, unless the corners are
parabolic or elliptical with major axis fore
and aft, local stress concentrations being
reduced if the latter type of corner is cut.

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Zone III, Lt. Cantimbuhan St. Poblacion, Dasmariñas City

Freeing Arrangements
Scupper – Any opening for carrying off water
from a deck, either directly or through
piping.

Freeing Port – An opening in the bulwarks to

allow water shipped on deck to run freely
overboard.

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Open Rails

Superstructures and Deckhouses

Superstructures might be defined as those
erections above the freeboard deck which
extends to the side. Deck houses are those
erections on deck which are well within the
line of the ship’s side. These are the
following: Forecastle, Bridge Structures,
Poop Structure and Passenger Ship
Structures.

Bulkheads
Vertical partitions in a ship arranged
transversely or fore and aft.

Plain Watertight Bulkhead

The plating of a plain transverse bulkhead is
generally welded in horizontal strakes, and
convenient two-dimensional units for
prefabrication are formed. It has always
been the practice to use horizontal strakes of
plating since the plate thickness increases
with depth below the top of the bulkhead.
The reason for this is that the plate thickness
is directly related to the pressure exerted by
the head of water when a compartment on
one side of the bulkhead is flooded.

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Zone III, Lt. Cantimbuhan St. Poblacion, Dasmariñas City

Corrugated Bulkhead
It is not uncommon to find in the present-
day ships swedged and corrugated
bulkheads, the swedges like the troughs of a
corrugated bulkhead being so designed and
spaced as to provide sufficient rigidity to the
plate bulkhead in order that conventional
stiffeners may be dispensed with. They
afford a considerable reduction in welding,
less welding results in reduced buckling and
are less susceptible to corrosion.

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Bilge Keel
Most ships are fitted with some form of bilge
keel the prime function of which is to help
damp the rolling motion of the vessel. Other
relatively minor advantages of the bilge keel
are protection for the bilge on grounding,
and increased longitudinal strength at the
bilge.

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Zone III, Lt. Cantimbuhan St. Poblacion, Dasmariñas City

Appendix F (Ship’s Structural Component and Framing System)

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Zone III, Lt. Cantimbuhan St. Poblacion, Dasmariñas City

Longitudinal and Transverse Framing System

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Zone III, Lt. Cantimbuhan St. Poblacion, Dasmariñas City

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Zone III, Lt. Cantimbuhan St. Poblacion, Dasmariñas City

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Revision Status:

MOD SEA101A(5)
Rev.: 00
Issue Date:
September 15, 2020

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