SED 111 Activity 3 WEATHER AND CLIMATE

Answer the following question given in this activity.

1. What is weather?
The state of the atmosphere, which includes temperature, air pressure,
wind, humidity, precipitation, and cloud cover, is referred to as weather. In
other words, weather is the combination of events that occur in our
atmosphere on a daily basis. Distinct places of the world have different
weather, which changes in minutes, hours, days, and weeks. Latitude, height,
and local and regional geography, among other factors, influence weather. It
has an impact on how people dress on a daily basis and the types of
structures that are erected. In a nutshell, it has an impact on a person's daily
life. The troposphere, the region of the Earth's atmosphere closest to the
ground, is where the majority of weather occurs.
2. What are some of the weather elements?
Weather is nothing more than the different elements it is composed of,
as well as the way they interact with each to create different atmospheric
conditions or weather events. Listed below are the common elements of
driving weather to occur:
Temperature
Temperature is a measure of the amount of kinetic energy in the air
that manifests physically as heat or cold. The Celsius, Fahrenheit, and Kelvin
scales are commonly used to measure temperature. In more practical terms,
kinetic energy is created when particles in the air move or vibrate at a given
speed. The temperature rises as the particles begin to move/rotate faster.
When the particles start to slow down, the temperature begins to drop.
Air pressure
The pressure formed by the weight of air in the Earth's atmosphere is
known as air pressure. Due to the gravitational force of the Earth, the weight
of the particles in the air causes pressure. Air pressure is highest near the
planet's surface because more air is present above the air close to the
ground, and it drops as altitude increases.
Wind (Speed & Direction)
Wind is the large-scale movement of air in the atmosphere from a
highpressure location to a low-pressure area. The distance between low-
pressure and high-pressure areas, as well as the difference in air pressure,
define the wind speed and strength. One of the key driving causes of weather
is air movement (wind). Wind is responsible for the bulk of major and even
extreme weather occurrences such as cold and warm fronts, clouds,
thunderstorms, and hurricanes.
Humidity
Humidity refers to the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere at any
given time. Water vapor is simply water that has turned into a gas (after the
liquid has evaporated). Despite the fact that humidity and its effects may
typically be felt, they are usually imperceptible to the naked eye.
Precipitation
Precipitation is water in all of its forms, which forms when water vapor
condenses into a solid state and falls to the earth when it gets too heavy to
stay suspended in the air. Rain, snow, hail, and graupel are all examples of
precipitation. Evaporation and condensation are the primary causes of
precipitation. Water is required for the growth and survival of humans,
animals, and plants, and precipitation is the only means to replenish the
dams, rivers, reservoirs, and groundwater on which we rely.
Visibility
The degree to which an object may be seen over a specific distance is
measured by visibility. When circumstances such as mist, haze, fog, and
freezing drizzle are present, this measurement is critical since visibility can be
significantly hampered. The necessity of being able to measure this factor is
sometimes overlooked. It's especially useful in environments where visibility is
critical, such as airports and harbors, where it's literally a matter of life and
death.
Clouds (Type & Cover)
Clouds are water droplets or water in various states (such as ice and
snow crystals) that form when water vapor reaches a point where it can no
longer continue in a gaseous state. When assessing weather conditions with
only visual references, knowing how to identify a specific type of cloud and the
weather connected with it can be extremely useful. Clouds are well-known for
being one of the most accurate predictors of current and future weather
conditions. It is quite beneficial to study them in more detail with scientific
equipment in order to generate very accurate assessments of current and
historical atmospheric conditions.
Sunshine Duration
The length of time the Earth's surface is directly exposed to solar
radiation is known as sunshine duration. It's also known as sunshine hours,
and it's a measurement of how much sun you get in a given amount of time
(generally in hours per day or year.) As previously said, solar duration has an
impact on other meteorological elements, which can alter the overall makeup
of the weather. Because of this, it is a far more powerful and influential force
than you might assume. The amount of sunshine that the Earth receives (a
feature of solar radiation) has a significant impact on other aspects of the
weather, such as ambient temperature, humidity, and air pressure.
3. What are some of the weather instruments?
Listed below are some of the instruments used in measuring a particular
element that causes weather.
Thermometer
The thermometer is the instrument used to measure temperature. They
come in all shapes and sizes and dates all the way back to 1714. The
mercury, bimetal, and digital thermometer are the 3 most commonly used
instruments for measuring ambient temperature.
Barometer
The barometer is the instrument used to measure air pressure.
Evangelista Torricelli developed the first device in 1643. Like the
thermometer, the barometer also comes in different forms. Some examples
include mercury, water, aneroid, and digital barometers.
Anemometer
The anemometer is the instrument used to measure wind speed.
Consisting of 3-4 half-cups on arms rotating around a central axis, you can
typically find it on top of a weather station or at an elevated position. A wind
vane (or weather vane) is the instrument used to measure wind direction. It is
a flat-shaped object that spins freely on an axis. Very often in the shape of an
arrow or cockerel, you can also find it on top of a weather station or highly
elevated objects. It is common to see them on top of roof chimneys, church
towers, and even communication towers.
Hygrometer
The hygrometer is the instrument used to measure humidity. You also
find more than one type of this device, like the psychomotor and the
resistance hygrometer.
Rain Gauge
A rain gauge is the instrument used to measure rainfall. It is essentially
a measured container that captures rain and measures the amount that falls
over a set period of time.
Forward Scatter Sensor
Visibility sensors like "forward scatter sensor" are the instruments used
to measure visibility. In the past, using your own vision (eyes) to measure the
degree to which you can observe an object, was the standard.
Weather satellites and radars
The advanced instruments meteorologists use to study clouds in detail
are weather satellites and radars. Satellite and radar images are able to
accurately measure cloud density, the amount of moisture, the temperature,
and movement of the clouds.
Campbell-Stokes recorders
Sunshine recorders, more specifically Campbell–Stokes recorders, are
the instruments used to record sunshine duration. Campbell–Stokes recorders
basically consist of a spherical lens that focuses sunlight on a specific type of
tape to make its measurement.
4. What are some of the remarkable experience of weather in your area?
Was it severe? discuss the damage done. How much of the danger was it
posed?
You may take pictures/videos of the damage
On June 4, 2020, a minor tornado struck a seaside community and
areas of Baragay Bula, General Santos City, causing damage to 43 buildings
and toppling several power lines. The incident caused no injuries, but it fell
numerous electric poles and knocked off power for several hours in areas of
the village, as well as uprooting some trees. The tornado was produced due to
a mix of thunderstorms and strong winds, according to Binrio Bian, a weather
forecaster with the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical
Services Administration station. Bian said, the damage pattern suggested that
it began inland and moved to the shore, which was expected owing to the
inter-tropical convergence zone and easterlies at the time, which might bring
thunderstorms.
Even if there were no victims, witnessing such an episode filled me with dread
because even a so-called "moderate" tornado posed a significant hazard, let
alone severe tornadoes. I can't image the number of casualties and lives lost,
especially if bystanders are struck and killed by the uprooted trees. As a
result, it is critical to be aware of our current weather conditions so that we can
be aware of any potential weather disturbances that may emerge and
represent a threat to our community. Always be prepared and aware of the
local weather forecast.

5. How will you help as a student/individual in the condition that we are

facing right now?
Educate yourself
They say that knowing is half the battle, which is why being educated is
essential. Join symposiums, seminars and other environmental activities in or
outside school. While advocating for change and getting involved is important,
it is vital that you know the reasons behind doing so. Knowing will help you be
able to make more informed decisions and make sustainable changes in your
behavior and lifestyle.
Reduce your carbon footprint

 Don’t use transportation if the distance of your destination is walkable.

Just walk or use bicycle. In this way, you can also exercise your body.
 Unplug your electronic equipment and don’t leave your phone on
charge when the battery is already full
 Don’t store unnecessary data in the cloud (learn more about your
digital footprint!)
 Don’t use or buy appliances that emit CFCs (Chlorofluorocarbons)
 Instead of burning the dry leaves, make a compost pit or a fertilizer out
of it.
  Always use the three R (Re-use, Reduce, and Recycle)
Focus on your community
Taking the time to get involved in conservation efforts in your area is a
great way you can help fight climate change. Working with student or local
groups to organize and institute changes in your community can really help in
the long term. Not only that, but working with local groups is a great way to get
connected to larger groups.
Get political
Your vote is your voice on the national stage. Voting for candidates
who vocally support climate policy is one of the best ways to get the
government involved. Another way to get involved is to contact your elected
officials to plan solutions and address problems about your community
involving factors that affect climate change.
Join larger groups
There are plenty of large groups all across the country who are working
toward conservation and climate action. Joining with one of these groups can
allow you to join with like-minded people and make a much larger difference.
References
Society, N. G., & Society, N. G. (n.d.). Weather. Www.nationalgeographic.org.
https://www.nationalgeographic.org/topics/resource-libraryweather/?
q=&page=1&per_page=25
The Elements of Weather and Climate What Are The Elements Of The
Weather And Climate? (n.d.).
http://www.jiwaji.edu/pdf/ecourse/tourism/elements%20of%20weather%20and
%20climate.pdf
Share, Twitter, Twitter, & Twitter. (n.d.). Mild tornado damages 43 houses in
GenSan. Www.pna.gov.ph. Retrieved May 3, 2022, from
https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1104918
What is Weather? | UCAR Center for Science Education. (n.d.).
Scied.ucar.edu.
https://scied.ucar.edu/learning-zone/how-weatherworks/weather