"In the name of Allah,

The Most Gracious and The Most Merciful."

 AUTHOR'S NOTE

With time passing, modern science is progressing and taking over

the world. Looking at the world and its people progressing in many
aspects of science and technology, brings feelings of happiness and joy
but on the other side, it is sad to see that people are turning their back
towards their religion because they find that science is the only way of
life as it keeps on discovering new things. Also, the idea of atheism,
'Science and Religion cannot be together' is taking over the world.
As Muslims, it should be our firm belief that each and every Sunnah
of our Holy Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) has hidden benefits in itself,
and no justification is needed on why to follow them. The overall idea of
this book is to bring into notice that 'Science and Religion can be
together' and how science backs Islam to the atheists, liberals and people
who believe that science is the only way to strive and prosper. In this
book, some of the Sunnah of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) are
mentioned along with their benefits in the light of science which were
discovered in recent decades.
In case, some data is found to be incorrect or invalid, pardon me for
the unintentional mistake.

"O our Rabb, accept from us with goodly acceptance and seek it
grow in a good manner."
Anas Khan
Contact: letanasknow@gmail.com
 AUTHOR'S AUTOBIOGRAPHY

All praise is due to Allah, the Rabb of all mankind, jinn and all that
exists. May the peace and blessings of Allah be upon our Prophet, the
Seal of all Messengers, Muhammad, his family, his companions and all
those who follow him till the day of Judgement. -Ameen
It's the first time I am presenting a short outline on my life and
professional career while writing this book.

Name : Anas Khan

Date and Place of Birth : I was born in the year 1999, in Mumbai, a
city located in southwestern India, the city
is recognized as the financial and
commercial center of lndia.

Educational Background:
I have completed my Bachelor of Engineering in Computer Science
from Mumbai. Apart from this, I was always keen to learn new concepts
and tried to gather knowledge in different domains like theology, history,
neurochemistry and astrophysics.

Professional Life:
After completing my studies in the year 2021, I was appointed as a
Quality Engineer in a MNC and currently working with the same.

"O our Rabb, accept from us with goodly acceptance and seek it
grow in a good manner."
Anas Khan
 TABLE OF CONTENT

1. Sunnah of Tahneek (Prelacteal Feeding)

2. Sunnah of Fasting
3. Sunnah of Cupping
4. Sunnah of Using Miswak (Tree Stick)
5. Sunnah of Qailulah (Siesta)
6. Sunnah of Drinking Water
6.1 Position while Drinking
6.2 Drinking in sips
7. Sunnah of Eating
8. Sunnah of Consuming
8.1 Dates
8.2 Honey
8.3 Vinegar
8.4 Olive Oil
8.5 Butter
8.6 Truffles
8.7 Watermelon
9. Sunnah of Sleeping
9.1 Sleeping position
9.2 How much to sleep
10. Sunnah of Walking
11. Sunnah Way to Control Anger
12. Sunnah of Using Ithmid Kohl (Soorma)
13. Sunnah of Using Black Cumin
14. Sunnah of Covering Mouth While Sneezing
15. References
 SUNNAH OF TAHNEEK
(PRELACTEAL FEEDING)

Tahneek (Prelacteal Feeding) is an Arabic word which means

putting something sweet such as dates, in the infant's mouth after the
birth and before initiation of breastfeeding.

Islam on Tahneek
Abu Musa reported:
A child was born in my house and I brought him to Allah's Apostle
(may peace be upon him) and he gave him the name of Ibrahim and he
rubbed his palate with dates.
In Book Reference :Sahih Muslim: Book 25, Hadith 5343

A'isha reported that the new-born infants were brought to Allah's

Messenger(‫)ﷺ‬. He blessed them and rubbed their palates with dates.
In Book Reference: Sahih Muslim: Book 25, Hadith 5347

In Islam, Tahneek is a basic practice which is performed when a child is

born in a family.
Science on Tahneek
Hypoglycemia occurs when the sugar(glucose) level in blood is too
low. Glucose is the main source of fuel for the brain and the body. The
brain needs blood glucose to function. Lack of glucose can harm the
brain's ability to function. Severe or long-lasting hypoglycemia may lead
to seizures and serious brain damage.
Research proved that children, particularly newborns and infants are
at a risk of losing their lives if they have a shortage of blood sugar and
around 1 out of every 10 babies born too early are affected by low blood
sugar. In newborn baby low blood sugar can happen for many reasons
like poor nutrition, incompatible blood types of mother and baby,
birth defect, liver disease, birth asphyxia, Congenital
metabolicdiseases or hormone deficiencies. Common symptoms of
hypoglycemia in a newborn baby are shakiness, cyanosis, apnea,
hypothermia, poor muscle tone, lethargy, Seizures.

The Gel Therapy

A dose of sugar given as a gel rubbed onto the palate or inside the
cheeks of a newborn is a cheap and effective way to protect premature
babies against brain damage.
According to medical research, placing a sweet-tasting substance
inside the mouth of a newborn baby drastically reduces the sensation of
pain and reduces the heart rate. A study, entitled 'The Analgesic (pain
killing) Effect of Sucrose in Full Term Infants: A Randomized
Controlled Trial', was conducted by researchers Nora Haouari,
Christopher Wood, Gillian Griffiths and Malcolm Levene in the postnatal
ward in the Leeds General Infirmary in England. As per the study, 60
healthy infants of gestational age 37-42 weeks and postnatal age of 1-6
days, were randomized to receive 2ml of one of the four solutions:
12.5% sucrose, 25% sucrose, 50% sucrose, and sterile water
(control).The first group of 30 babies received sugar syrup before a
routine blood test (heel pricking, which is usually painful) done to detect
jaundice. The other 30 babies were given only sterile water as a control
group.
 Placing 2ml of a 25% or 50% sucrose solution on the tongue before
pricking the heel significantly reduced the crying time, compared to
babies who were given plain water. It was also observed that their heart
rate returned to normal more quickly. It was found that the stronger
sugar solution had the greater effect, with the crying response being
reduced further with increasing concentration of sucrose.
It was concluded that sucrose (sugar) placed on the tongue may be a
useful and safe form of analgesia for use with newborn infants. Blass and
Hoffmeyer also showed that 12% solution of inter-oral sucrose
significantly reduced the duration of crying in new-born babies subjected
to heel pricking or circumcision. This study was reported in The
Independent newspaper (Friday 9 June 1995) as well as in the British
Medical Journal article.
Also, Researchers from New Zealand tested the gel therapy in 242
babies under their care and based on the results it was concluded that
'The Gel Therapy' should now be a first-line treatment for Hypoglycemia
(Their work was published in Lancet). In another research, conducted by
Professor Jane Harding who is a neonatologist (Pediatrician who
specializes in the care of newborn babies) and her team at the University
of Auckland concluded that the Dextrose gel treatment costs just over £ 1
per baby and is simpler to administer than glucose via a drip while
current treatment typically involves extra feeding and repeated blood
tests to measure blood sugar levels.
Neil Marlow (from the Institute for Women's Health at University
College London) after a research concluded that “although dextrose gel
had fallen into disuse it should be resurrected as a treatment as we
have high quality evidence that it is of value.”
Andy Cole (chief executive of premature baby charity Bliss) said,
“The Gel Therapy/Dextrose gel treatment is a very interesting piece of
new research as it is a cost effective treatment and the early results of
this research show benefits to babies born with low blood sugars.”
Using Date fruit for Tahneek can be justified by the chemical
composition of dates that make them particularly beneficial:
Contains a very high percentage of sugar (70-80%); has both
fructose and glucose which have high calorific values, easily and
quickly digestible, very helpful to the brain.
 Contains 2.2% protein.
Vitamins like vitamin A, vitamins B1, B2 and nicotinic acid
(against Pellagra).
Has traces of minerals needed for the body such as potassium,
sodium, calcium, iron, manganese, copper.
Potassium, which is found in a high percentage in dates, plays
an important role in preventing hemorrhage and excessive
bleeding during birth and surgical procedures like circumcision.
Amazingly, hundreds of years after the origin of the Islamic custom,
modern science has just recently discovered the medical and
physiological benefits of following the Sunnah of Tahneek.
 SUNNAH OF FASTING

Islam on Fasting
“Ramadhan is the (month) in which was sent down the Qur'an, as a guide
to mankind, also clear (Signs) for guidance and judgment (Between right
and wrong). So every one of you who is present (at his home) during that
month should spend it in fasting, but if anyone is ill, or on a journey, the
prescribed period (Should be made up) by days later. Allah intends every
facility for you; He does not want to put to difficulties. (He wants you) to
complete the prescribed period, and to glorify Him in that He has guided
you; and perchance ye shall be grateful.”
[Al Baqarah - verse 185]

It was narrated from Abu Ayyub that the Messenger of Allah(‫ )ﷺ‬said:
"Whoever fasts Ramadan then follows it with six days of Shawwal, it is
as if he fasted for a lifetime.”
In Book Reference: Sunan Ibn Majah: Vol. 1, Book 7, Hadith 1716

Narrated Qatadah Ibn Malhan al-Qaysi: The Messenger of Allah(‫)ﷺ‬

used to command us to fast the days of the white (nights): thirteenth,
fourteenth and fifteenth of the month. He said: This is like keeping
perpetual fast.
In Book Reference:Sunan Abi Dawud: Book 13, Hadith 2443

'Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) said: The Prophet (peace and
blessings of Allah be upon him) was keen to fast on Mondays and
Thursdays.
Al-Tirmidhi- 745; al-Nasai- 2361; Ibn Majah- 1739

In Islam, fasting is obligatory in Ramadan and highly recommends

fasting.
Science on Fasting
Fasting is a practice that dates back centuries and plays a central
role in many cultures and religions. While fasting, we stop eating
completely, or almost completely, for a certain stretch of time. A fast
usually lasts from 12 to 24 hours, but some types continue for days at a
time. In some cases, it may be allowed to have water, tea, coffee or even
a small amount of food during the "fasting period."
Obese patients are prescribed calorie restricted diets for weight loss
but patients find it difficult to adhere to a conventional weight-loss diet
because food intake must be limited every day. Eventually many people
fail to follow these calories restricted diet after a month. Considering
this, another strategy that requires individuals to restrict calories only
every other day was developed. 'Alternate-Day Fasting' is a strategy
that involves a fast day where individuals consume 25% of their
usual intake alternated with a "feast day" where individuals are
permitted to consume food ad libitum. A 1-year clinical trial to
compare the effects of alternate-day fasting vs daily calorie restriction on
body weight and risk indicators for cardiovascular disease was
conducted and it was hypothesized that the participants in the alternate-
day fasting group were more adherent to their diet, achieve greater
weight loss, and experience more pronounced improvements in risk
indicators for cardiovascular disease compared with those in the daily
calorie restriction group. Short-term studies indicate that participants
lose 3% to 7% of body weight after 2 to 3 months of alternate day fasting
and experience improvements in lipid profiles, blood pressure, and
insulin sensitivity.
Decades ago, the first clinical trials of Intermittent fasting
(practice of alternating periods of eating and fasting) was conducted
on human and it emerged as an effective therapeutic strategy for
improving multiple cardiometabolic endpoints ranging from insulin
sensitivity and ectopic fat accumulation to hard endpoints such as stroke
and diabetes incidence. Data from the trials suggested that IF can reduce
body weight or body fat, improve insulin sensitivity, reduce glucose
and/or insulin levels, lower blood pressure, improve lipid profiles, and
reduce markers of inflammation and oxidative stress.
Dr. Deborah Wexler (metabolic expert,Director of the
Massachusetts General Hospital Diabetes Center and associate
professor at Harvard Medical School) suggested that the circadian
rhythm fasting approach, where meals are restricted to an eight to 10-
hour period of the daytime, is effective and has many health benefits.
Evidence is accumulating that eating in a 6-hour period and fasting for
18 hours can trigger a metabolic switch from glucose-based to ketone-
based energy, with increased stress resistance, increased longevity, and a
decreased incidence of diseases, including cancer and obesity.
There is indeed a large body of research to support the health
benefits of fasting and the results have been promising. According to
Mark Mattson (senior investigator for the National Institute on
Aging, part of the US National Institutes of Health), Fasting has been
shown to improve biomarkers of disease, reduce oxidative stress and
preserve learning and memory functioning. There are several theories
about why fasting provides physiological benefits, Mattson said. "The
one that we've studied a lot, and designed experiments to test, is the
hypothesis that during the fasting period, cells are under a mild stress,
and they respond to the stress adaptively by enhancing their ability to
cope with stress and, maybe, to resist disease.", he says. Consider
vigorous exercise, which stresses, in particular, muscles and the
cardiovascular system. As long as we give our body time to recover, it
will grow stronger. "There is considerable similarity between how cells
respond to the stress of exercise and how cells respond to intermittent
fasting," says Mattson.
Mattson has contributed to several other studies on intermittent
fasting and caloric restriction. In one, overweight adults with moderate
asthma consumed only 20% of their normal calorie intake on alternate
days. Participants who adhered to the diet lost 8% of their initial body
weight over eight weeks. They also saw a decrease in markers of
oxidative stress and inflammation, and improvement of asthma-related
symptoms and several quality-of-life indicators. In another study,
Mattson and colleagues explored the effects of intermittent and
continuous energy restriction on weight loss and various biomarkers (for
conditions including breast cancer, diabetes and cardiovascular disease)
among young overweight women. Mattson has also researched the
protective benefits of fasting to neurons. If we don't eat for 10-16 hours,
our body will go to its fat stores for energy, and fatty acids called ketones
will be released into the bloodstream. This has been shown to protect
memory and learning functionality, says Mattson, as well as slow disease
processes in the brain.
 Dr. Stephen Freedland (associate professor of urology and
pathology at the Duke University Medical Center in Durham, North
Carolina) after his research concluded that fasting could slow down the
spread of cancer disease in a body if overeating is not done on non-
fasting days.
Satchin Panda (professor of circadian biology at the Salk
Institute for Biological Studies in La Jolla, California) suggests that
intermittent fasting could benefit human health in a variety of different
ways. Panda and his team conducted a study of 15 men who were at risk
for type-2 diabetes found that after one week oflimiting them to eating
within a nine-hour window, the men showed a lower spike in blood
glucose after a test meal, a sign of improved insulin sensitivity. In
another experiment, Panda and colleagues restricted the eating time of 19
people, most of whom were on medication to lower cholesterol or blood
pressure or diabetes timerestrict their eating. After 12 weeks of eating
within a 10-hour window, they lowered their total cholesterol by about
11 percent on average. In 2015, Panda and his colleagues tried putting a
small group of people on a time-restricted eating plan for 16 weeks.
Intriguingly, the researchers gave these people no diet instructions or
advice at all. Instead, the subjects were told to choose a 10-to-12-hour
window in which they had to do all their eating. When they ate, they
took pictures of their food and texted it to the researchers. After 16
weeks, the subjects showed a small amount of weight loss - an average
of just over 8 pounds each. But they reported experiencing better sleep,
more energy in the mornings and less hunger at bedtime, suggesting
time-restricted eating "actually has a systemic impact all over the body,"
according to Panda.
After many researches and evidences many health benefits of
fasting (alternate day fasting, intermittent fasting) were discovered:

Promotes blood sugar control by reducing insulin resistance.

Promotes better health by fighting inflammation.
May enhance heart health by improving blood pressure,
triglycerides and cholesterol levels.
May boost brain function and prevent neurodegenerative
disorders.
Aids weight loss by limiting calorie intake and boosting
metabolism.
Increases growth hormone secretion, which is vital for growth,
metabolism, weight loss and muscle strength.
Could delay aging and extend longevity.
May aid in cancer prevention and increase the effectiveness of
chemotherapy.
 SUNNAH OF CUPPING

Islam on cupping

Narrated Anas:
The Prophet(‫ )ﷺ‬said, "The best medicines you may treat
yourselves with are cupping and sea incense."
In Book Reference:Bukhari: Vol. 7, Book 71, Hadith 599

Anas ibn Malik said:

"Allah's Messenger (Allah bless him and give him peace) sought to have
blood drawn from him by the operation of cupping. He also said:
'Cupping is the most excellent means by which you can provide medical
treatment."'
In Book Reference: Ash-Shama'il Al Muhammadiyah: Book 50, Hadith 1
Science on Cupping
Cupping therapy is an alternative medicine in which a local suction
is created on the skin with the application of heated cups. However, dry
and wet cupping are the two main types. Dry cupping pulls the skin into
the cup without scarifications, while in wet cupping the skin is lacerated
so that blood is drawn into the cup.

How cupping works:

In the cupped region, blood vessels are dilated by the action of
certain vasodilators such as adenosine, noradrenaline and histamine.
Consequently, there is an increase in the circulation of blood to the ill
area. This allows the immediate elimination of trapped toxins in the
tissues, and, hence, the patient feels better. Cupping has been found to
improve subcutaneous blood flow and to stimulate the autonomic
nervous system.

Cupping Therapy Effects:

Notably, Cupping therapy possibly produces numerous effects
through a plethora of mechanisms. Neural, hematological, and
immunological effects can be considered as mechanisms of action of
cupping. Researchers proposed that the build-up of toxins is the main
reason for illness development and the main action of cupping therapy is
to enhance the circulation of blood and to remove toxins and waste from
the body that could be achieved through improving microcirculation,
promoting capillary endothelial cell repair, accelerating granulation and
angiogenesis in the regional tissues,thus helping normalize the patient's
functional state and progressive muscle relaxation. Cupping can induce
comfort and relaxation on a systemic level and the resulting increase in
endogenous opioid production in the brain leads to improved pain
control. It has been claimed that cupping therapy tends to drain excess
fluids and toxins, loosen adhesions and revitalize connective tissue,
increase blood flow to skin and muscles, stimulate the peripheral nervous
system, reduce pain, controls high blood pressure and modulates the
immune system.
After certain research, it was clear that Low density lipoprotein (LDL
)/high density lipoprotein (HDL), atherosclerosis, cardiovascular
diseases (CVDs), high blood sugar in diabetic patients and high
cholesterol can be effectively treated through cupping. Pain scores can be
reduced through cupping therapy as it significantly lowers the number of
lymphocytes in the local blood related to the affected area with an
increase in the number of neutrophils.Cupping is reported to restore
sympathovagal balance and cardio-protection by stimulating the
peripheral sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system. Cupping
seems to play a role in the activation of the complement system as well
as modulation of the cellular part of the immune system.
Cupping therapy outcomes in certain medical conditions:

Cupping is often used for lowering blood pressure and prevents

the development of cardiovascular diseases CVDs in healthy
people.
Cupping is effective in the treatment of cellulitis.
Cupping increases red blood cells RBCs.
Wet cupping in conjunction with conventional treatment 1s
reported to effectively treat oral and genital ulceration in patient
with Behçet's disease.
Wet cupping is effective in musculoskeletal pain, nonspecific
low back pain, neck pain, fibromyalgia and other painful
conditions.
Cupping can cure cough, asthma, acne, common cold, urticaria,
facial paralysis, cervical spondylosis, soft tissue injury, arthritis
and neuro-dermatitis.
Cupping therapy is effective in treating headache and migraine.
Cupping therapy is effective for reducing systolic blood
pressure in hypertensive patients for up to 4 weeks without any
serious side effects.
Many theories have been suggested to explain numerous effects of
cupping therapy and its mechanisms of action. Thus, cupping carries the
potential to enhance the quality of life.
SUNNAH OF USING MISWAK (TREE STICK)

Islam on using Miswak

Narrated Anas:
Allah's Messenger(‫ )ﷺ‬said, "I have told you repeatedly to use the
Siwak. (The Prophet(‫ )ﷺ‬put emphasis on the use of the Siwak.)
In Book Reference: Sahih Bukhari: Vol. 2, Book 13, Hadith 13

Abu Bakr as-Siddeeq said:

The Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬said: 'The siwak is purifying for the mouth
and pleasing to the Lord."
In Book Reference:Musnad Ahmad: Book 1, Hadith 59

Anas (May Allah be pleased with him) reported:

The Messenger of Allah(‫ )ﷺ‬said, "I stress upon you to use Miswak
(toothstick)."
In Book Reference:Riyad as-Salihin: Book 8, Hadith 209
Science on using Miswak as Toothbrush
Miswak is a traditional chewing stick prepared from the roots,
twigs, and stem of Salvadora persica and has been used as a natural
method for tooth cleaning. A number of scientific studies have
demonstrated that miswak possesses antibacterial, anti-fungal, anti-viral,
anti-cariogenic, anti-plaque properties and is rich in fluorine and silica.
Several studies have also claimed that miswak has antioxidant, analgesic
and anti-inflammatory effects. Also, Miswak has an immediate effect on
the composition of saliva.
The use of miswak for oral hygiene serves dual function, i.e.,
mechanical plaque control by friction between plant fibers and tooth
surface and chemical plaque control due to its chemical composition.
Each of the components of Miswak has some specific role in oral health
and its unique pharmacological and therapeutic properties can be
explained on the basis of its composition:

Silica acts as abrasive material that removes stains and deposits

from the tooth surface.
Sodium bicarbonate has mild abrasive and germicidal effects.
Tannic acid has an astringent effect on mucus membrane and is
found to be good antiplaque and antigingivitis.
Resins serve a physical function and form a layer over the
enamel which protects it from microbial action.
Alkaloids show bactericidal effects and stimulate the gingiva.
Vitamin C helps in healing and repair.
Calcium and fluoride ions promote remineralization of tooth
structure and have mild anti-bacterial action.
Essential oils have anti-septic effect and stimulate the flow of
saliva.
Anti-plaque properties of Miswak, Plaque is the biofilm layer that
forms on the surface of the teeth which comprises components of saliva,
bacterial cells and their secretions. Miswak has been well known to play
a role in plaque prevention as an antimicrobial agent that inhibits the
growth of many plaque inducing bacteria.
Gingival wound healing properties of Miswak, following tooth
extraction, the remaining socket could get infected from bacterial
colonization and this will delay the healing process. Bacterial
colonization prevention with antimicrobial agents would enhance the
wound healing process. Miswak is a well-established antimicrobial agent
of the oral cavity which may enhance the gingival wound healing
process. Thus, its effect on the gingival wound healing process has been
investigated in some of the studies.
Whitening properties of Miswak, Tooth discoloration can occur
with food that contain tannins. Tannins allow substances to adhere to the
tooth and promote discoloration. Tooth discoloration was often corrected
with abrasive material such as hydrated silica, calcium carbonate,
aluminum oxide, dehydrated calcium phosphate and per lite. Silica was
also found in miswak and is thought to act as a natural abrasive agent.
Miswak, when compared to modern toothbrushes, was found to
be superior in terms of reducing plaque and gingivitis, reducing gum
disease, preventing tooth decay and had many other health benefits.
Several clinical studies have confirmed that the mechanical and chemical
cleansing efficacy of miswak chewing sticks are equal and at times
greater than that of the toothbrush.
Based on several studies there are many scientists who believe that
miswak extract has multiple benefits for our teeth. Some of the benefits
of using miswak are:

Fights plaque and gingivitis

Fights gum disease
Prevent any existing teeth decay from getting worse
Contains minerals such as chloride, sodium bicarbonate and
potassium
Strengthen the enamel in teeth
Has teeth whitening properties
Clears bad breath
Most of the studies on interaction of miswak with periodontopathogens
favored the use of miswak as an oral hygiene aid.
 SUNNAH OF QAILULAH (SIESTA)

Islam on Qailulah (siesta)

Anas b. Malik reported that Allah's Apostle (‫ )ﷺ‬was having siesta in the
house of Umm Sulaim.
In Book Reference:Sahih Muslim: Book 30, Hadith 5762

Sahl bin Sa'd narrated:

"We would not have lunch during the time of Allah's Messenger, nor
would we have a siesta, until after the Friday prayer."
In Book Reference:Jami' at-Tirmidhi: Vol. 1, Book 4, Hadith 525

It was narrated thatAnas said:

"We used to perform the Friday (prayer), then we would return for a nap
(Qailulah)."
In Book Reference:Sunan Ibn Majah: Vol. 1, Book 5, Hadith 1102

Qailulah(siesta) was a common practice that was practiced and promoted

in Arab culture. Qailulah(siesta) was taken between the Zuhr prayer
(early afternoon prayer) and the Asr prayer (late afternoon prayer).
Qailulah was the sunnah of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH).
Science on Qailulah (Siesta)
Siesta (Qailulah in Arabic Language) - a short sleep often taken in
the early afternoon or in the hottest part of the day. The exact time for
siesta varies depending on the locale, but the most common siesta time is
between 2 p.m. and 5 p.m.
In a research project, Matthew Walker and his team at the
University of California, Berkeley recruited 39 students for the study
on siesta and divided them into two groups. At midday, all of the
volunteers took part in a learning test designed to exercise a region of the
brain called the hippocampus (region of brain where fact-based
memories are stored temporarily), which is involved in storing
memories. Two hours later, one of the groups settled down for a siesta
while the other group stayed awake. Later that afternoon, at 6pm, both
groups took part in a second round of learning tests. Those who napped
for an hour not only performed better than the group that stayed awake,
but they also scored better than they did in the first round of tests. In
previous studies it was found that fact-based memories are stored
temporarily in the hippocampus before they are moved to the prefrontal
cortex region of the brain. Walker concluded that, "It's as though the
email inbox in your hippocampus is full and, until you sleep and clear
out those fact emails, you are not going to receive any more mails. It's
just going to bounce until you sleep and move it into another folder."
After the study, In the support of Siesta, Walker told the American
Association for the Advancement of Science meeting in San Diego that
sleep clears the brain's short-term memory and makes room for new facts
to be remembered.
In another study of students, it was revealed that their brains were
refreshed by napping only if they entered what is called stage 2 non-
REM sleep, which takes place between deep sleep and the dream state,
known as REM or rapid eye movement sleep. The same study on the
same group of people showed that staying up till late night reduced
student's ability to cram new facts by nearly 40% because the brain
regions effectively shut down through sleep deprivation. In a different
study, Scientists found that people who nodded off for an hour after
lunch performed better in learning tests than those who stayed awake all
afternoon. Another group of psychologists after a study claimed that
curling up for an afternoon nap can improve the brain's ability to learn by
clearing out cluttered memory space.
 Many Japanese companies started allowing their employees to nap
15 to 20 minutes at their desk or in a staff lounge when they feel drowsy
in order to maintain their performance levels and prevent mistakes by
relieving drowsiness. A guideline released by the Health, Labour and
Welfare Ministry of Japan pointed out that working-age people have
difficulty securing enough sleep, and recommended napping for 30
minutes or less in the early afternoon to improve work performance.
Shuichiro Shirakawa (doctor and the managing director of the
researchers group Japan Organisation of Better Sleep) concludes that
"Sleepiness intensifies every 12 hours, so we feel drowsy in the
afternoon like we do at night. It's already been shown that taking a short
nap rejuvenates brain functions for data processing and similar work.
Taking a nap during the day is also effective in preventing mistakes at
work."
Likewise, the practice of siesta is rising up across the globe. In
Spain, siesta is taken very seriously, businesses close their doors for
several hours in the late afternoon for lunch and a siesta nap. A similar
practice was seen in Italians in the name of "riposo(afternoon break)".
The Japanese Inemuri, to fight fatigue, the Japanese have developed a
napping practice called "inemuri," which roughly translates to "being
present while asleep." The purpose of inemuri is to take a few minutes to
nap whenever and wherever possible. Scandinavian countries Norway,
Denmark, and Finland have learned to harness the power of their frigid
winters for napping. In these countries, it's common for parents to leave
their infants and young children outside for a daily nap, even in sub-zero
temperatures. In the United States, with the tech sector leading the way,
several of the largest companies are now encouraging their employees to
take power naps in the office.
From studies, a number of health benefits of siesta were found;

Improves cognitive performance and alertness while reducing

feelings of fatigue and sleepiness.
Improves alertness and circadian rhythm regulation.
Increases the brain's ability to consolidate memories and
regulate emotions more effectively
 Short naps may help us feel more rested and finish our workday
strong.
Reduce Sleep Debt (difference between how much sleep a
person needs and how much they actually receive).
Midday napping was associated with a better diet, higher
activity levels, and healthier aging.
As more and more research highlights the health benefits of daytime
naps, the collective views on napping started to shift. In the last two
decades, the concept of the power nap has gained popularity among busy
students, tech workers, and high-powered executives. A quick nap in the
middle of the day is an easy way to give you the extra boost of energy
that you need to tackle the rest of your to-do list.
 SUNNAH OF DRINKING WATER

6.1 Position while Drinking

Islam on position while Drinking

Anas reported Allah's Apostle (‫ )ﷺ‬disapproved the drinking of water
while standing.
In Book reference: Sahih Muslim, Book 36, Hadeeth 148

Abu Sa'id Khudri reported that Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬warned against

drinking while standing.
In Book reference: Sahih Muslim, Book 36, Hadeeth 151

Ibn Abbas reported: "I served (Water of) Zamzam to Allah's Messenger
(‫)ﷺ‬, and he drank it while standing."
In Book reference: Sahih Muslim Book 36, Hadeeth 154

Ibn Mas'ood (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: I brought water
to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him)
from Zamzam and he drank whilst standing.
In Book reference: Sahih Bukhari-1637, Sahih Muslim-2027

Several hadiths are available which justifies both the positions for
drinking water (Specifically zamzam was consumed while standing).
The scholars reconciled these hadith by stating that
forbidding/disallowing mentioned here does not mean that it is haram,
rather it is to be understood as advice, and that it is better to drink whilst
sitting. Also, it is not only regarding water, but it is about any other
edible or drinkable goods.
Science on position while Drinking
More than two thirds of the weight of the human body is made up of
water. It is essential to keep the body hydrated and enable waste to move
out of the body. Drinking water plays a key role in keeping us hydrated
and there are a lot many health problems and other illnesses which can
be solved if we just keep up with the intake of water on a regular basis.
Drinking water is essential to a lifestyle but drinking water in correct
way and posture is essential to a healthy lifestyle as the posture in which
water is consumed can have a massive effect on the human body.
According to health experts and Ayurveda, drinking in standing
position makes the water run down with pressure which can lead to
several health issues. This is because, when we drink water while
standing the fluid passes through without any filtration to the lower
stomach, all due to high pressure.
In the light of science following can be multiple downsides of
drinking water while standing:

Affects kidney health:

When we drink water while standing, water flows down rapidly
towards the lower stomach without getting filtered. This makes
the impurities present in the water accumulate in the gallbladder
which is detrimental for kidney health.

TriggersArthritis:
The nerves are in a state of tension when we drink water rapidly
in a standing position, which disrupts the balance of fluids,
leading to an increase in toxins and indigestion in the body. In
fact, it also accumulates fluids in the joints, triggering arthritis.

Risk to lungs:
When we drink water while standing, the required nutrients and
vitamins don't reach the liver and digestive tract. When we stand
and drink water it travels through the system fast and that risks
 our lungs and heart function because the oxygen level gets
disturbed this way.

Indigestion:
Drinking water while standing can wreak havoc on our digestive
system. This is because when we stand and drink water, it goes
with great force and speed through the food canal and falls on
the lower stomach directly, which is harmful.
In addition to these effects, drinking while standing disallows nutrients to
reach the liver which doesn't satiate the thirst. Therefore, we don't feel
satisfied even after drinking multiple glasses of water. Hence, the idea
of drinking water in standing position is not recommended.
On the other hand, from the outcome of many studies it was
concluded that one should sit and drink water at a normal speed as sitting
is the correct posture to drink water. When we drink water from a bottle
or a glass sitting down, the nutrients reach the brain and boost its
activity. It also aids better digestion this way and ensures that we don't
feel bloated after having water.
Some important reasons why we should always sit down first and then
drink water:

Reduces acid levels in the body which is apparently high due to

consumption of processed / chemicals /pesticides present in the
foods.
Reduces risk to lung and kidney damage
Reduces risk of arthritis
Boosts brain's activity
Removes toxins from the body
Flushes impurities out of the body
Drinking while sitting helps the water to pass through the regular
designed track and ensures all the benefits are achieved in the organs.
 Keeping Ayurveda and biology in mind, it is quite clear that
drinking water while standing is not good for the body while the correct
posture is to drink water in sitting position.
6.2 Drinking in sips

Islam on Drinking in 3 Breaths

Narrated Thumama bin 'Abdullah:

Anas used to say that the Prophet; used to take three breaths while
drinking.
In Book reference: Sahih Bukhari- Vol. 7, Book 69, Hadith 535
Science on Drinking water in 3 breaths
Water comprises around 60% of the human body and is distributed
evenly among the muscles and organs, but how does this distribution
take place? It is the blood that helps transport water throughout the body,
according to the requirements of every organ and muscle. Blood itself is
composed of 83% water, whereas the muscles and tissues contain
76% and 70%, respectively.
The fact that water is essential for life is clear but to get all the
nutrients present in water proper practice needs to be followed while
consuming it. Earlier, it was discussed about the harmful effects of
consuming water while standing and why one should sit and drink water.
Now, the discussion is about how to drink water:
Chugging down water (Quickly drinking water)
Slowly (in sips)
Researchers believe that chugging down water causes major
problems in the body because gulping down water will only lead to an
even more significant loss of water, indirectly leading to the loss of even
more salts from the blood which can cause headache and fatigue. When
we drink fast, the impurities that are supposed to go out get deposited in
the kidneys and the bladder. Sometimes, water gets incorrectly stored in
the body due to the inefficient functioning of kidneys. This leads to
swelling in the legs, as the water starts accumulating in the lower regions
of the body through the action of gravity. Also, chugging down water
gives rise to a condition called Hyponatremia (commonly known as
water intoxicant). Hyponatremia rises when our body tries to get rid of
the excess (gulped down) water, the sodium level of the blood falls due
to the absorption of salts in the expelled water. This causes exhaustion
and headaches, and in extreme conditions, the excess water moves from
the blood to the cells, causing them to swell.
Depending on multiple factors, researchers from Canada found that
when we sip water regularly instead of gulping down larger amounts, the
body absorbs more of the water and stays hydrated. Having water slowly
and taking small sips can help in strengthening the digestive system and
improves metabolism.
According to Dr. Leonard Smith (a gastrointestinal, vascular,
and general surgeon), slowly sipping 2 to 3 oz of water at a time
should be the best practice to drink water.
The reason to take sips instead of chugging it all down can be explained
with the following:

Saliva is alkaline in nature and water should be given time to

mix with saliva so it stabilizes acid in our stomach.
Sipping soothes the digestive system.
Taking it in at one go can make our stomach upset.
It is suggested that water must be taken like air, slowly and steadily
so that all the nutrients are properly absorbed by the body, this can be
achieved when we drink water in sips.
 SUNNAH OF EATING

Islam on how much to eat

Miqdam bin Madikarib said:

"I heard the Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬say: 'A human being fills no worse
vessel than his stomach. It is sufficient for a human being to eat a few
mouthfuls to keep his spine straight. But if he must (fill it), then one third
of food, one third for drink and one third for air.'
In Book reference: lbn Majah - Vol. 4, Book 29, Hadith 3349
Science on how much to eat
Sometimes it's taste, sometimes it's habit, or maybe it's stress. But
chances are, at some point, we have overeaten. Erma Levy (A research
dietitian at MD Anderson) says, “It takes about 20 minutes for our
brain to send a signal to the stomach to let us know that we're full.
Overeating occurs when we continue to eat beyond the point of
fullness.” Overeating can lead to unwanted weight gain but it's not just
about the unwanted calories.
So, what happens to our body when we eat full stomach or overeat?
Overeating causes the stomach to expand beyond its normal size to
adjust to the large amount of food. The expanded stomach pushes against
other organs, making us uncomfortable. This discomfort can take the
form of feeling tired, sluggish or drowsy. Eating too much food requires
our organs to work harder. They secrete extra hormones and enzymes to
break the food down. To break down food, the stomach produces
hydrochloric acid. If we fully eat our stomach or overeat, this acid may
back up into the esophagus resulting in heartburn. Our stomach may also
produce gas, leaving us with an uncomfortable full feeling. Our
metabolism may speed up as it tries to burn off those extra calories. We
may also experience a temporary feeling of being hot, sweaty or even
dizzy.
What are the long-term effects of eating full stomach or overeating?
When we eat, our body uses some of the calories we consume for energy.
The rest are stored as fat. Consuming more calories than we burn may
cause us to become overweight or obese. This increases the risk for
cancer and other chronic health problems. Digestive enzymes are only
available in limited quantities, so the larger the amount of food we eat,
the longer it takes to digest. This slowed digestive process means the
food we eat will remain in the stomach for a longer period of time and be
more likely to tum into fat.
7 harmful effects of overeating or full belly includes:

May promote excess body fat:

Overeating is closely linked to excess body fat and obesity due
to the body being in a calorie surplus.
 May disrupt hunger regulation:
Chronic overeating may override hormones that control fullness
and hunger, making it difficult to determine when the body needs
food.

May increase disease risk:

Chronic overeating may promote obesity and insulin resistance,
two major risk factors for metabolic syndrome - a cluster of
conditions that increases risk of heart disease, stroke, and
diabetes.

May impair brain function:

Chronic overeating and obesity are linked to slight cognitive
decline with aging, though further research is necessary.

May make us nauseous:

Acute overeating can lead to nausea and indigestion due to large
volumes of food entering into the stomach and hampering the
digestive system.

May cause excessive gas and bloating:

Eating large amounts of spicy and fatty foods, as well as
drinking fizzy beverages like soda, can cause gas and bloating.

May make us sleepy:

Overeating may cause some people to feel sleepy or sluggish.
This may be due to excess insulin production, which leads to low
blood sugar.
Overeating is leading people to a variety of illnesses; from heart
disease to diabetes, arthritis to asthma, from nightmares and insomnia to
depression and anxiety, making the weight loss industry a multi-billion
dollar business.
The question arises, if not full then how much to eat? Based on many
clinical studies it was concluded that when it comes to eating better, less
is definitely more. Also eating two meals a day is sufficient to provide
the daily needed energy. And besides ... eating less is the perfect way to
lose the extra pounds we have been trying (futily) to shed for years.
A new study suggests that healthy people can derive a number of
benefits from simply eating less too - and not just in terms of losing
weight (although, of course, that could happen too). When the diets of
218 healthy adults were followed over the course of two years,
participants who restricted what they ate reported significantly better
psychological effects, when compared to a control group that ate
whatever they wanted. From this sample, one group was randomly
assigned to reduce their calorie intake by 25 percent, while the other
group didn't have to alter their regular diet. After one year on the new
eating regime, the calorie restricted group reported enjoying better sleep
quality. Two years later, the calorie restriction group reported improved
mood and reduced tension, plus improved general health and sex drive.
They also lost weight, dropping almost 12 percent of their body weight
at the end of two years. One of the researchers, Stephen Simpson who
was involved in the same study said, "We have known for many
years that caloric restriction diets increase lifespan in all manner of
organisms. However, except for the fanatical few, no one can
maintain a 40 percent caloric reduction in the long term, and doing
so can risk loss of bone mass, libido, and fertility." While scientists
don't fully understand why calorie restriction appears to impart such
positive effects, the benefits of not eating full belly and not overeating
have been found in numerous studies, dating as far back as 80 years ago.
 SUNNAH OF CONSUMING

8.1 Dates

Islam on consuming dates

Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) said:
The Messenger of Allah (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) used to break his
fast with fresh dates before praying. If no fresh dates were available, he would break
his fast with dried dates, and if none were available, he would break his fast with a
few sips of water.
Reference: Abu Dawood (2356) and at-Tirmidhi (696)

It was narrated 'Abdullah bin Ja'far said:

"I saw the Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬eating cucumbers with dates.”
In Book Reference: Ibn Majah: Vol. 4, Book 29, Hadith 3325

Narrated Sa'd:
Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬said, "He who eats seven 'Ajwa dates every morning, will not
be affected by poison or magic on the day he eats them.”
In Book Reference: Sahih Bukhari: Vol. 7, Book 65, Hadith 356
Science on consuming dates
The tree of dates or the palm date has played an important role as a food security
crop in the Middle East and North Africa region (MENA). In appreciation of its fruits,
the date tree is referred to as the sacred tree, the tree of life, and the bread of the
desert. Date fruits are consumed at three different stages of maturation, the mature but
unripe Khalal or Bisr (50% moisture), ripened Rutab (30-35% moisture), and mature
Tamr (10-30% moisture).
Date fruits have enormous scope and potential for use as food because of their
nutritional and economical value. Date fruits contain 6.5-11.5% total dietary fibers (of
which 84-94% insoluble and 6-16% soluble dietary fiber), about 1 % fat, 2% proteins,
and 2% ash and is a rich source of phenolic antioxidants (1-2% ). Carbohydrates,
including soluble sugars and dietary fiber, are the predominant components in date
fruits followed by moisture with only small amounts of lipids, proteins, and ash.
Proximate composition, sugar, and fiber contents (g/100 g FW), and energy value
(kcaVl 00 g FW) in the fruit flesh of selected dry dates.

Eating dates has many health benefits including:

Very Nutritious -A 3.5-ounce (100-gram) serving provides the following

nutrients:
Calories: 277 Carbs: 75 grams
Fiber: 7 grams Manganese: 15% of the RDI
Protein: 2 grams Iron: 5% of the RDI
Potassium: 20% of the RDI Vitamin B6: 12% of the RDI
Magnesium: 14% of the RDI Copper: 18% of the RDI
High in Fiber:
Fiber can benefit your digestive health by preventing constipation. It
promotes regular bowel movements by contributing to the formation of
stool.
 May Promote Brain Health:
Laboratory studies have found dates to be helpful for lowering inflammatory
markers, such as interleukin 6 (IL-6), in the brain. High levels of IL-6 are
associated with a higher risk of neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's.

May Promote Natural Labor:

Eating these fruits throughout the last few weeks of pregnancy may promote
cervical dilation and lower the need for induced labor. They may also be
helpful for reducing labor time.

Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Properties:

Preclinical studies have shown that date fruit has antibacterial and anti-
inflammatory activity. Date fruit is used as traditional medicine in some
cultures for the treatment of ailments such as intestinal disorders, fever,
bronchitis, and wound healing.

Other Potential Health Benefits:

Bone health: Dates contain several minerals, including phosphorus,
potassium, calcium and magnesium. All of these have been studied for their
potential to prevent bone-related conditions like osteoporosis.
Blood sugar control: Dates have the potential to help with blood sugar
regulation due to their low glycemic index, fiber and antioxidants. Thus,
eating them may benefit diabetes management.

With this, there are many reviews which showed that date palm fruits are a safe,
natural alternative and complementary treatment comparable with synthetic drugs to
combat many disease conditions.
8.2 Honey

Islam on consuming Honey

Narrated 'Aisha:
The Prophet(‫ )ﷺ‬used to like sweet edible things and honey.
In Book Reference: Sahih Bukhari: Vol. 7, Book 71, Hadith 586

Narrated lbn 'Abbas:

The Prophet(‫ )ﷺ‬said, "Healing is in three things: cupping, a gulp of honey or
cauterization, (branding with fire) but I forbid my followers to use cauterization
(branding with fire).
In Book Reference: Sahih Bukhari: Vol. 7, Book 71, Hadith 585

'A'isha said:
"The Prophet (Allah bless him and give him peace) used to love sweets and honey."
In Book Reference: The Shamā'il Muhammadiyyah: Book 25, Hadith 13
Science on consuming Honey
Honey is one of the most appreciated and valued natural products introduced to
humankind. Honey is composed mostly of the sugar's glucose and fructose. Its main
ingredients are carbohydrates (sugars) but it also contains vitamins, minerals, amino
acids, enzymes, organic acids, pollen, fragrance and flavor compounds. According to
modem scientific literature, honey may be useful and has protective effects for the
treatment of various disease conditions such as diabetes mellitus, respiratory,
gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, and nervous systems, even it is useful in cancer
treatment because many types of antioxidants are present in honey. Honey has a
potential therapeutic role in the treatment of disease by phytochemical, anti-
inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties.
In the view of modem science, honey has many biological activities and many
medicinal properties. Biological activities of honey:

Antioxidant activity:
The ingredients in honey interact with lipids and protein components in the
cell membranes, enzymes as well as DNA. The ability of honey for
antioxidant properties is related to the brightness of honey; therefore, the
darker honey has higher antioxidant value of antioxidant.

Antimicrobial activity:
Many investigations indicated that the antibacterial activity of honey is
minimum inhibitory concentration; therefore, honey has the minimum
concentration necessary for complete inhibitory growth. Among the many
types of honey, manuka honey has the highest level of non peroxide activity.
Investigations indicated that Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus can
be significantly prevented by manuka honey. It has been illustrated that
antibacterial activity of honey is effective on many bacterial pathogens and
fungi.

Apoptotic activity:
Chemicals which are applied for cancer treatment are apoptosis inducers.
Honey makes apoptosis in many types of cancer cells through depolarization
of mitochondrial membrane. Honey increases caspase 3 activation and poly
(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage in human colon cancer cell lines
which is related to its high phenolic component. Moreover, it makes
apoptosis through modulating the expression of pro- and anti-apoptotic
proteins in colon cancer. The apoptotic properties of honey make it a
 possible natural substance as anti-cancer agent as many chemotherapeutics
currently used are apoptosis inducer agents.

Anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities:

Chronic inflammation can inhibit healing by damaging tissues. According to
the present literature, honey reduces inflammatory response in animal
models, cell cultures, and clinical trials. Phenolic content in honey is
responsible for anti-inflammatory effects. These phenolic and flavonoids
compounds cause the suppression of the pro-inflammatory activities of
cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and/or inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS).

Studies have shown that honey can cure many diseases including:

Diabetes:
There is strong evidence which indicates the beneficial effects of honey in
the treatment of diabetes mellitus. These results point out the therapeutic
prospects of using honey or other potent antioxidants as an adjunct to
standard antidiabetic drugs in the control of diabetes mellitus. In one of the
clinical trials of Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes mellitus, the application of
honey was associated with a dramatically lower glycemic index than with
sucrose or glucose in type 1 diabetes and normal. Type 2 diabetes has values
similar for honey, glucose, and sucrose. In the diabetic patients, honey can
significantly induce a reduction in plasma glucose level versus dextran. In
normal and hyperlipidemic patients, it also reduces blood lipids,
homocysteine and C-reactive protein contents. Furthermore, the therapeutic
effects of honey in the management of diabetes may not only be restricted to
controlling glycemia but also may be extended to ameliorating the associated
metabolic complication diseases.

Cancer:
Investigations have indicated that honey has anticancer properties through its
interference with multiple cell-signaling pathways, including inducing
apoptosis, antimutagenic, antiproliferative, and anti-inflammatory pathways.
Honey modifies the immune responses. Honey has been indicated to prevent
cell proliferation, induce apoptosis, modify cell cycle progression, and cause
mitochondrial membrane depolarization in several types of cancer such as
skin cancer cells (melanoma), adenocarcinoma epithelial cells, cervical
cancer cells, endometrial cancer cells, liver cancer cells, colorectal cancer
cells, prostate cancer cells, renal cell carcinoma, bladder cancer cells, human
non-small cell lung cancer, bone cancer cells (osteosarcoma ), and leukemia
and mouth cancer cells (oral squamous cell carcinoma).

Asthma:
Honey is commonly used in folk medicine to treat inflammation, cough, and
fever. The ability of honey to act in reducing asthmarelated symptoms or as a
preventive agent to preclude the induction of asthma was shown. Chronic
bronchitis and bronchial asthma were treated by oral honey consumption.
Furthermore, a study showed that treatment with honey effectively inhibited
ovalbumin-induced airway inflammation by reducing asthmarelated
histopathological changes in the airway and also inhibited the induction of
asthma. Inhalation of honey was also discovered to effectively remove
mucus-secreting goblet cell hyperplasia.

Wound:
Honey is the oldest wound-healing agent known to mankind when some
modem chemicals have failed in this regard. Experimental research
illustrated more documents supporting its usage in wound healing because of
its bioactivities including antibacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and
antioxidant activities. Honey induces leukocytes to release cytokines, which
is what begins the tissue repair cascades. Furthermore, it activates an
immune response to infection. Honey induces the generation of antibodies.
Much evidence suggests the use of honey in the control and treatment of
acute wounds and for mild to moderate superficial and partial thickness
bums.

Cardiovascular diseases:
Antioxidants present in honey such as flavonoids, polyphenolics, Vitamin C,
and mono phenolics may be associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular
failures. In the coronary heart disease, the protective effects of flavonoids
such as antioxidant, antithrombotic, anti-ischemic, and vasorelaxant and
flavonoids reduce the risk of coronary heart disorders through three
mechanisms: (a) improving coronary vasodilatation, (b) reducing the ability
of platelets in the blood to clot, and (c) inhibiting low-density lipoproteins
from oxidizing. Several investigations showed that certain honey
 polyphenols have a promising pharmacological function in reducing
cardiovascular disorders.

Neurological diseases:
There is important scientific literature for the illustration of nutraceutical
agents as novel neuroprotective therapies, and honey is one such promising
nutraceutical antioxidant. Honey exerts anxiolytic, antidepressant,
anticonvulsant, and antinociceptive effects and ameliorates the oxidative
content of the central nervous system. Several studies on honey propose that
honey polyphenols have nootropic and neuroprotective properties.
Polyphenol ingredients of honey quench biological ROS that lead to
neurotoxicity, aging, and the pathological deposition of misfolded proteins,
including amyloid beta. Furthermore, honey polyphenols constituents
counter direct apoptotic challenges through amyloid beta, methyl mercury
induced and retinoid. Most significantly, honey polyphenols counter
neuroinflammation in the hippocampus, a brain structure that is involved in
memory. Honey polyphenols prevent memory disorders and induce memory
production at the molecular level. Several researches propose that the
modifications of specific neural circuitry underlie the memory improving
and neuropharmacological effects of honey.

Gastrointestinal diseases:
Honey has been suggested as potentially useful for various conditions of the
gastrointestinal tract, such as periodontal and other oral disorders, dyspepsia,
and as part of oral rehydration therapy. In addition, honey shows therapeutic
effects in the treatment of infants and children admitted into hospital with
gastroenteritis indicating remarkable reduced duration of diarrhea in the
honey-treated patients.

Sufficient evidence exists recommending the use of honey in the management of

disease conditions. Based on those evidences, the use of honey in clinical wards was
highly recommended.
8.3 Vinegar

Islam on consuming Vinegar

'A'isha said:
"Allah's Messenger said (Allah bless him and give him peace): 'What an excellent
condiment vinegar is '!"
In Book Reference: The Shamā'il Muhammadiyyah: Book 25, Hadith 1

Jabir ibn 'Abdi'llah said:

"Allah's Messenger said (Allah bless him and give him peace): 'What an excellent
condiment vinegar is!"
In Book Reference: The Shamā'il Muhammadiyyah: Book 25, Hadith 3
Science on consuming Vinegar
Vinegar is a combination of acetic acid and water made by a two-step
fermentation process. Apple cider vinegar is a popular home remedy. People have
used it for centuries in cooking and medicine.
Including antimicrobial and antioxidant effects, vinegar has various healthful
properties:

Can help kill harmful bacteria:

The main substance in vinegar is acetic acid which can kill harmful bacteria
or prevent them from multiplying. It is used as a disinfectant and natural
preservative. Vinegar can help kill pathogens, including bacteria. It is also
used for cleaning and disinfecting, treating nail fungus, lice, warts, and ear
infections.

May help lower blood sugar levels and manage diabetes:

Apple cider vinegar has shown great promise in improving insulin sensitivity
and helping lower blood sugar responses after meals. One of the most
convincing applications of vinegar is helping treat type 2 diabetes. Type 2
diabetes is characterized by high blood sugar levels caused by insulin
resistance or the inability to produce insulin. However, people without
diabetes can also benefit from keeping their blood sugar levels in the normal
range, as some researchers believe that high blood sugar levels are a major
cause of aging and various chronic diseases.

May aid weight loss:

Studies suggest that vinegar can increase feelings of fullness and help you
eat fewer calories, which may lead to weight loss. A study in 175 people
with obesity showed that daily apple cider vinegar consumption led to
reduced belly fat and weight loss.

High in healthful substances:

Apple cider vinegar is made by fermenting the sugar from apples. This turns
them into acetic acid, which is a main active ingredient in vinegar and may
be responsible for its health benefits. Cider vinegars are 5-6% acetic acid.

May boost skin health:

Apple cider vinegar is naturally acidic and has antimicrobial properties. This
means it could help improve the skin barrier and prevent infections.
Other than these, many more benefits of Vinegar were found in some studies but there
have been conflicting viewpoints stated by different researchers, regarding the
following health benefits of ACV.
It helps to treat dyspepsia or indigestion
It removes parasite infection
It subsides leg cramps
It diminishes the process of aging
It helps in increasing hair shine
It relieves sunburn when applied to the affected area
It calms insect bite when applied to the affected area
It soothes the affected area in acne
It is supposed to help in detoxification of the body
It helps in regulating body PH
It helps in the reduction of blood pressure
It reduces the high cholesterol level

Overall, Vinegar has proven out to have many health-related benefits from lowering
blood sugar level to boosting the skin health which makes vinegar to be widely
consumed across the world.
8.4 Olive Oil

Islam on consuming Olive Oil

Ata' ibn Abi Asid, said:
"Allah's Messenger said (Allah bless him and give him peace): 'Eat [olive] oil, and
anoint with it, for it is from a blessed tree!"'
In Book Reference: The Shamā'il Muhammadiyyah: Book 25, Hadith 7

It was narrated from 'Umar that the Messenger of Allah(‫ )ﷺ‬said:

"Season (your food) with olive oil and anoint yourselves with it, for it comes from a
blessed tree."
In Book Reference: Ibn Majah: Vol 4, Book 29, Hadith 3319
Science on consuming Olive Oil
Olive oil is a functional food which besides a high level of monounsaturated
fatty acid contains multiple minor components with biological properties. In general,
polyphenol compounds (found in olive oil and other plant foods) are believed to
reduce morbidity and slow the development of cardiovascular diseases,
neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer. The main ones present in extra virgin olive oil
include oleuropein, hydroxytyrosol, and oleocanthal, which possess anti-
inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-microbial properties. Additionally, all olive oil is
composed of up to 83% oleic acid (more than any other oil), a type of
monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) with inflammation-fighting and anticancer
properties.
More recently, new research presented at the American Heart Association's
EPI Scientific Sessions demonstrated that olive oil has a positive impact on
health. After accounting for diet and lifestyle factors, researchers found that
participants (all living in the U.S.) who ate more than half a tablespoon of olive oil per
day had a 15% lower risk of all cardiovascular disease and a 21 % lower risk of
coronary heart disease. A range of smaller studies have also linked extra virgin olive
oil to improvements in cholesterol (in particular, the olive oil's polyphenols seem to
help prevent "bad" LDL cholesterol from oxidizing into a more harmful form), and
significant reductions in blood pressure.
Based on many studies a lot more benefits of using olive oil were found and are
further discussed here:

Cardiovascular health:
The positive impact of olive oil on cardiovascular and heart health has been
well studied. In the landmark PREDIMED study from 2013, which included
over 7,000 adults in Spain, the participants consuming a Mediterranean diet
supplemented with either mixed nuts or extra virgin olive oil (4+ tablespoons
per day) had a significantly lower risk of experiencing a major
cardiovascular event compared to those eating a low-fat control diet. The
risk of combined stroke, heart attack, and death from heart disease was 28%
lower in the Mediterranean diet with nuts and 31 % lower in the
Mediterranean diet and olive oil group.

Cancer:
People living in Mediterranean regions have lower rates of cancer compared
to other populations-and research indicates that olive oil is partially to thank.
A research conducted in 2011 found that women with the highest levels of
olive oil in their diet had a lower risk of breast cancer and cancers of the
digestive system, including colon cancer. Other research finds that olive oil,
along with other elements of a Mediterranean style diet, may help reduce
risk of certain types of skin cancer, including melanoma. Olive oil's
anticancer properties are believed to come from its polyphenol compounds.
Oleuropein, hydroxytyrosol, oleocanthal, and others have been shown to
reduce inflammation, induce apoptosis (programmed cancer cell death), and
interfere with the ability of cancer cells to grow new blood vessels and
spread to other parts of the body (metastasize).

Brain health (dementia):

Olive oil's potent polyphenols may even keep our memory sharp as we age.
A growing body of evidence suggests that the polyphenol oleocanthal may
be to thank. Findings of a 2019 study suggest that consumption of
oleocanthal-rich extra virgin olive oil may help slow or halt the progression
of Alzheimer's disease. The oleocanthal-rich EVOO was shown to restore
blood brain barrier function and improve other aspects of brain health by
reducing neuroinflammation.

Mental health:
In 2019 study, researchers found that young adults with depression who
followed a Mediterranean-style diet (containing vegetables, fruit, whole
grains, fish, lean meats, tofu, beans, and about 2 tablespoons of extra virgin
olive oil per day) reduced depression symptoms to a "normal" range after 3
weeks, along with stress and anxiety.

Weightloss:
In a recent study, women with excess body fat who supplemented their
breakfast with approximately 1.5 tablespoons of extra virgin olive oil
experienced significantly greater weight loss and reduction in blood pressure
than women consuming an equal amount of soybean oil, prompting
researchers to recommend that EVOO be included in programs for obesity
treatment.

Inflammation & pain:

Chronic inflammation is a driver of many types of pain, and by making
strategic dietary shifts can go a long way in quelling that inflammation.
Olive oil, in particular, may be a key element to a pain-fighting diet. Not
only is it rich in monounsaturated fats, which have been shown to exhibit
 favorable anti-inflammatory benefits, but research shows that the polyphenol
compound oleocanthal has similar anti-inflammatory properties to ibuprofen.

Immunity:
Olive oil contains compounds that contribute to an optimally functioning
immune system, which is important for everything from warding off cancer
to battling the common cold. A 2015 study compared the effect of
consuming 3 tablespoons of extra virgin olive oil per day vs 3 tablespoons
(total) of butter, soybean oil, and com oil. Researchers found that the
immune T cells in the EVOO group increased their ability to become
activated (and grow in number) by about 53%, while the activity of the other
group's T cells remained unchanged. The olive oil polyphenol
hydroxytyrosol also helps immune cells make a compound called
interleukin-I 0, which helps calm inflammation.

Bone health:
Prioritizing calcium and vitamin D aren't the only important strategies for
boosting bone health. In a 2018 study of over 500 women in Spain,
researchers found significant increases in bone mineral density among those
with a higher intake of olive oil-even after adjusting for factors such as
intake of calcium, vitamin D, and body mass index (BMI). Research
suggests that olive oil polyphenols help maintain bone density via
mechanisms involving bone formation, the prevention of bone resorption
(breakdown), and reduction in oxidative stress and inflammation.

Type 2 diabetes:
More and more, researchers are learning that a diet rich in healthy fats-along
with a reduction in refined carbohydrates-is important for the management
and even reversal of type 2 diabetes. A 2017 meta-analysis found that people
consuming the most olive oil had, on average, a 16% reduced risk of
developing type 2 diabetes as well as significant reductions in fasting blood
sugar and HbAl c levels (an indicator of our average blood glucose over two
to three months).

Olive oil is an incredible source of good fats and health-promoting compounds-and it

may hold the secret to why people in the Mediterranean region seem to be some of the
healthiest on the planet. In fact, consumption of olive oil is able to reduce lipid and
DNA oxidation, ameliorate lipid profile and insulin-resistance, endothelial
dysfunction, inflammation, and to lower blood pressure in hypertensive patients.
These effects protect from both cardiovascular disease and metabolic disorders.
8.5 Butter

Islam on consuming butter

Narrated Abdullah ibn Busr ibn Atiyyah ibn Busr:
The Messenger of Allah(‫ )ﷺ‬came to visit us and we offered him butter and dates, for
he liked butter and dates.
In Book Reference: Abi Dawud: Book 28, Hadith 102
Science on consuming butter
The interest in butter has really been a roller-coaster ride for consumers. First,
the butter was perfectly fine. Then, butter was looked down upon for being "too fatty"
and not good for you. Now people are adding butter to their coffee and swearing by it
for a low-carb diet. So, what's the deal? Is butter really that bad for you, and what
happens to your body when you eat butter?
Butter is a dairy product created from proteins and fats found in milk and cream
and is a rich source of Vitamins (A, D, E) and calcium. One tablespoon of unsalted
butter contains:
102 calories
12 grams of fat
0 grams of carbohydrates, fiber, sugar, and protein
Most butter is cow milk-based, but butter also comes from many other sources such as
milk from sheep, goats, buffalo, and yaks.
In a study, Researchers compiled the results of nine papers that studied more
than 630000 people to analyze the relationship between butter consumption and
chronic conditions like heart disease and diabetes. The final results were published in
the journal PLOS One, and it was found that consuming butter does not increase the
risk of heart disease. In fact, those who ate butter daily had a 4% lower risk of
developing type-2 diabetes. Another review of sixteen studies found that increasing
the intake of high fat dairy foods like butter decreased the risk of obesity.
Potential Health Benefits of Butter includes:

Lowering chances of cancer:

Butter is high in beta-carotene, a compound that our body converts into
vitamin A. Beta-carotene has been linked to lowered risks of lung cancer and
prostate cancer.

Could help our eyes:

The beta-carotene in butter may help slow the rate of vision loss, or age-
related macular degeneration (AMD).

Can help strengthen our bones:

Butter contains vitamin D, a nutrient that is vital for bone growth and
development. It also has calcium, which is essential for bone strength.
Calcium also helps prevent diseases such as osteoporosis, a condition that
makes bones weak and fragile.
 Can help make our skin healthier:
Butter also contains vitamin E, which plays a role in skin health. The
nutrient reduces damage from UV sun rays, reduces skin inflammation, and
improves how well skin wounds heal.

Other benefits include improving digestive health, lowering chances of obesity and
may also contribute to weight loss.
While people talk about the various implications of butter on heart health,
studies backed by science have shown that not only is that untrue, but butter has the
opposite effect on the heart, by lowering the risk of heart conditions rather than
increasing the risk. While it might be safe and healthy to consume butter, moderation
is important, and overdoing anything is bad for health.
8.6 Truffles

Islam on consuming truffles

Narrated Sa'id bin Zaid:
I heard the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬saying, "Truffles are like Manna (i.e. they grow naturally
without man's care) and their water heals eye diseases."
In Book Reference: Sahih Bukhari: Vol. 7, Book 71, Hadith 609

Sa'id b. Zaid reported Allah's Messenger(‫ )ﷺ‬as saying:

Truffles are a kind of 'Manna' which Allah sent down upon Moses and their juice is a
medicine for the eyes
In Book Reference: Sahih Muslim: Book 23, Hadith 5087
Science on consuming truffles
Not to be confused with the chocolate confectionery of the same name, truffles
are a type of fungus that grows near the roots of certain trees. There are many
different types - such as black truffles, white truffles, summer truffles and garlic
truffles - each with minute differences in flavor, appearance and price. In addition to
their strong flavor and pungent aroma, truffles are also highly nutritious, the exact
nutrients in truffles will depend on which kind you eat, but they're all a rich source of
amino acids and minerals, including:
Phosphorus
Copper
Manganese
Selenium
Zinc
Vitamins A, B, C, D, and K
Truffles are also full of natural compounds that protect you from "free
radicals" -- toxins that can damage your cells.

Some surprising health benefits of truffles include:

Antibacterial Properties:
In addition to their stellar nutrient profile, truffles may also have
antimicrobial properties that can help decrease the growth of specific strains
of bacteria. One test-tube study showed that extract from desert truffles
inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus aureus by up to 66%. This bacteria
can cause a wide range of illnesses in humans. Similarly, another test-tube
study observed that extract from the same variety decreased the growth of
Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a strain of bacteria that is often highly resistant to
antibiotics.

May Help Kill Cancer Cells:

Though evidence is currently limited to test-tube studies, some research
suggests that truffles may possess powerful anticancer properties. For
example, one test-tube study showed that compounds extracted from
different types of truffles helped block the growth of liver, lung, colon and
breast tumor cells. Another test-tube study found that extracts from both
black and white species exhibited anticancer effects on cervical, breast and
colon cancer cells.
 High in Antioxidants:
Truffles are a great source of antioxidants, compounds that help fight free
radicals and prevent oxidative damage to your cells. Studies show that
antioxidants are important to many aspects of health and may even be linked
to a lower risk of chronic conditions, such as cancer, heart disease and
diabetes. Though the exact amounts can vary between different species,
truffles have been shown to contain antioxidants like vitamin C, lycopene,
gallic acid and homogentisic acid.

May Help Reduce Inflammation:

Inflammation is a vital part of immune function that helps defend our body
against infection and illness. However, sustaining high levels of
inflammation in the long term is thought to contribute to the development of
chronic disease. One test-tube study showed that certain compounds in black
and white species could block the activity of specific enzymes involved in
the inflammatory process. Other test-tube research has found that truffles
may help fight free radical formation, which can reduce risk of cell damage
and inflammation.

Also, some studies that tested a very strong truffle extract show that it may help in
controlling blood sugar, lowering cholesterol, may help to protect liver damage, etc.
Even the bioactive compound of truffles has exhibited various health-promoting
activities including antioxidant, antiinflammatory, and antihyperlipidemic activities.
Traditionally, truffles have also been used as an effective sexual enhancer due to their
constituent of androstenol as a steroidal pheromone.
8.7 Watermelon

Islam on consuming watermelon

Narrated 'Aishah:
"The Prophet(‫ )ﷺ‬would eat melon with fresh dates."
In Book Reference: Tirmidhi: Vol. 3, Book 23, Hadith 1843

Narrated 'Aishah:
"Rasulullah (sallallahu 'alayhi wa sallam) would eat watermelon with ripe dates,
saying: 'The heat of this [dates] neutralises the coolness of that [watermelon]"
Sunan Abi Dawud, Hadith: 3832
Science on consuming watermelon
This large round fruit has a green rind and bright red flesh. Watermelon contains
a variety of nutrients, including potassium, magnesium, and vitamins A and C.
Watermelon is also a rich source of citrulline, an amino acid that may improve
exercise performance. It's also relatively low in calories. Looking at the nutrient
content in 1 cup (152 grams) of raw, diced watermelon:

Calories: 46
Carbs: 11.5 grams
Fiber: 0.6 grams
Sugar: 9 .4 grams
Protein: 0.9 grams
Fat: 0.2 grams
Vitamin A: 5% of the Daily Value (DV)
Vitamin C: 14% of the DV
Potassium: 4% of the DV
Magnesium: 4% of the DV

Plus, it boasts antioxidants, including vitamin C, carotenoids, lycopene, and

cucurbitacin E. These compounds help combat free radicals, which are unstable
molecules that may damage your cells if they accumulate in your body. Over time, this
damage may lead to conditions like diabetes, heart disease, and cancer.
Further, discussing about 9 Health Benefits of Watermelon in the light of science:

Helps to stay hydrated:

Staying hydrated is important for our body to function properly. Watermelon
comprises 92% water, making it a great choice for daily water intake.
Furthermore, due to its high water content, watermelon has very few calories
for its total weight.

May help prevent macular degeneration:

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a common eye problem that can
cause blindness in older adults. The watermelon compound Lycopene's role
as an antioxidant and antiinflammatory compound may help prevent and
inhibit AMD, though research is limited.

May relieve muscle soreness:

Citrulline, an amino acid found in watermelon, may improve exercise
performance and reduce muscle soreness. One review found that regular
intake of citrulline for at least 7 days improved aerobic performance by
increasing the body's production of nitric oxide. This compound helps
expand blood vessels so that our heart doesn't need to work as hard to pump
blood through your body. One older study gave athletes plain watermelon
juice, watermelon juice mixed with citrulline, or a control drink. Both
watermelon drinks led to less muscle soreness and quicker heart rate
recovery than the control drink.

May improve digestion:

Watermelon contains plenty of water and a small amount of fiber, both of
which are necessary for healthy digestion. Fiber helps keep your bowels
regular, while water moves waste through your digestive tract more
efficiently. One survey in 4,561 adults found that those with low fluid and
low fiber intakes were more likely to experience constipation.

Protects Joints:
Watermelon has a natural pigment called beta-cryptoxanthin that may protect
our joints from inflammation. Some studies show that over time, it could
make us less likely to get rheumatoid arthritis.

Satisfies Sweet Tooth:

A cup of ice cream will set us back around 300 calories. We can enjoy the
same amount of watermelon for just 45.6 calories. And unlike many other
desserts, it's fat-free, cholesterol free, and has no sodium. Plus, the water in it
will help us stay fuller longer.

May aid skin health:

Vitamins A and C, which are found in watermelon, are important for skin
health. Vitamin C—either when eaten or applied topically—helps the body
make collagen, a protein that keeps skin supple and your hair strong. One
review found that a higher intake of vitamin C from food and/or supplements
may decrease chances of developing wrinkles and dry skin. Vitamin A is
also important for healthy skin since it helps create and repair skin cells.

May improve heart health:

Studies suggest that lycopene may help lower cholesterol and blood
pressure. It may also help prevent oxidative damage caused by high
cholesterol levels. Watermelon also contains citrulline, an amino acid that
may increase nitric oxide levels in our body. Nitric oxide helps our blood
vessels expand, which lowers blood pressure.

May have anticancer effects:

Several plant compounds found in watermelon, including lycopene and
cucurbitacin E, have possible anticancer effects. While study results are
mixed, lycopene intake may be associated with a lower risk of some types of
cancer, such as prostate and colorectal cancers. Lycopene is believed to work
by lowering blood levels of insulin-like growth factor (IGF), a hormone that
promotes cell division. Notably, cancer forms when cell division becomes
uncontrollable. Additionally, cucurbitacin E may inhibit tumor growth by
promoting the autophagy of cancer cells. Autophagy is the process by which
our body removes damaged cells.

May reduce inflammation and oxidative stress:

Inflammation is a key driver of many chronic diseases. The combination of
antioxidants, lycopene, and vitamin C in watermelon may help lower
inflammation and oxidative damage. An 8-week study gave 31 people with
obesity and high inflammatory markers 500 mg of vitamin C twice daily.
They showed a significant decrease in inflammatory markers compared with
the control group. As an antioxidant, lycopene may also delay the onset and
progression of Alzheimer's disease. However, more research is needed.

Boosts Workout:
Watermelon's high water content, antioxidants, and amino acids may make
for a better workout. It's also high in potassium, a mineral that could cut
down on cramps at the gym. Watermelon could help prevent muscle
soreness, as long as we don't push ourselves too hard.
 SUNNAH OF SLEEPING

9.1 Sleeping position

Islam on sleeping position

Prohibited to sleep on belly:
Ya'ish bin Tikhfah Al-Ghifari (May Allah be pleased with him) reported:
My father said: I was lying down on my belly in the mosque when
someone shook me with his foot and said, "Lying down this way is
disapproved by Allah." I looked up and saw that it was Messenger of
Allah(‫)ﷺ‬.
In Book Reference:Riyad as-Salihin: Book 4, Hadith 5

Sleeping on right side:

Hudhaifah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported:
Whenever the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬lay down for sleep at night, he would place
his (right) hand under his (right) cheek.
In Book Reference:Riyad as-Salihin: Book 4, Hadith 4

'Aishah (May Allah be pleased with her) reported:

The Prophet(‫ )ﷺ‬used to offer eleven Rak'ah of optional Salat (prayers)
in the latter part of night. When it was about dawn, he would offer two
short Rak'ah and then would lie down on his right side till the
Mu'adhdhin (one who calls for prayer) would come to inform him that
the congregation had gathered (for prayer).
In Book Reference:Riyad as-Salihin: Book 4, Hadith 3

The evidence indicates that sleeping on belly is prohibited and sleeping

on one's right side is Sunnah, and if a person does that to follow the
example of the Prophet SAWS (peace and blessings of Allah be upon
him), he will be rewarded for that.
Science on sleeping position
Body postures and movements during sleep have been reported to
be associated with sleep quality and various health outcomes. Mainly
there are 4 most common sleeping positions: belly, back, left side and
right side. Various studies have been done in order to understand which
sleeping position causes least harm and is best for human beings.
Stomach sleepers, stomach sleeping tends to be the least common
position across polls. Sleeping on the stomach can trigger back and neck
pain. According to one medical study sleeping on the stomach is bad for
the back, as it places strain and pressure on the spine. This is because the
middle part of the body is exactly where most of the weight is, which
makes it difficult to maintain a neutral position of the spine during the
night. The stress on the spine leads to increased stress on the rest of the
body structure and additionally, to pain in all parts of the body as the
spine could be considered as a pipeline for the nerves. Similarly sleeping
on stomach may also cause neck problems and may cause herniated disk
(occurs when the spinal vertebrae shift enough to cause a rupture of the
gelatinous disk inside, causing the gel to leak out and irritate the nerves).
Sleeping on the stomach also extends the neck backward, compressing
the spine. Which results in tingling in the arms, or arms may fall asleep,
as blood flow is constricted and nerves are compressed. Sleeping on the
stomach also leads to facial wrinkles and sensations such as numbness
and tingling. Many experts caution against stomach sleeping because the
position carries numerous health risks:

Waking up feeling anxious

Spine strained
Pressure on joints in back and neck
Numbness
Hip pain
Stiffness
The sole benefit of sleeping on the stomach is to minimize the chances of
snoring or developing sleep apnea. However, similar benefits can be
reaped from sleeping on the side.
Back sleeping, it is good for spine alignment. The position tends to
imitate our posture while we stand up straight. The pressure is evenly
distributed across the body, which avoids build-up. But Back sleeping
may inflame a few medical conditions as:

Most of the people sleeping on their backs experience low back

pain and it can also make the pain worse.
Sleeping on the back can aggravate the conditions of snoring
and sleep apnea or acid reflux.
Back sleeping tends to cause airway blockage since when we lie
down flat, gravity tends to press down on the soft tissues at the
back of your throat.
More likely to experience sleep paralysis on our back.
Hence it was concluded that sleeping on your back is not the best
sleeping position.
Side sleeping is often regarded as the best sleeping position since it
offers various health perks:

Side sleeping is the best position for keeping the airways clear.
Side sleeping improves oxygen levels because it reduces the
breathing episodes related to sleep apnea. In a study conducted
amongst overweight sleepers, it was found that side sleeping
improved oxygen levels by six to seven percent and can also
reduce snoring, obstructive sleep apnea, and acid reflux
symptoms.

During the day, our brain creates waste proteins. These proteins
build up and clog the tiny interstitial spaces in the brain. While
we sleep, the glymphatic system removes these toxic proteins.
The cleansing process causes brain cells to shrink, which opens
those tiny spaces so spinal fluid can flush through. This system
works 24 hours a day, but it's 90 percent more active while we're
asleep.
 A 2015 study found that side sleeping increases the efficiency
and activity of the glymphatic system. Scientists believe that a
slowdown in this cleansing process could contribute to
Alzheimer's disease. Therefore, a sleep position that allows this
process to work freely is best for brain health.

Side sleeping creates the right conditions for optimal heart

health too.
Sleeping on the left and right sides don't have equal benefits and
most people are better off sleeping on their right side as it places less
pressure on the heart than lying on the left does. This is because lying on
the right side creates more space in the chest cavity and reduces pressure
on the heart muscles. Imagine the chest cavity with the heart on the left
side. If we lie on our right side, gravity pulls the heart into the chest
cavity rather than against the wall of the rib cage. That puts less pressure
on it and reduces its nighttime workload. If someone is already suffering
from a heart disease, that extra work can take its toll. A 2016 study
among patients with congestive heart failure (CHF) noticed that people
with CHF consistently reported discomfort when they slept on their left
sides. They consciously chose their right sides over the left to reduce
their discomfort. Those who avoided sleeping on the left side had
improved heart test results at the end of the study. Right-side sleeping
has also been shown to benefit the sympathetic nervous system.
Sympathetic nervous system is the part of our nervous system that
controls our fight or flight response. That also means it influences our
heart rate and blood pressure. The pressure relief of right-side sleeping
regulates blood flow, which stabilizes the heart rate and blood pressure.
Based on the studies and results it was recommended that sleeping on
right side is the best position to sleep since it offers more health benefits:

Reducing pressure on the heart.

Back pain relief
Reduced risk of snoring and sleep apnea
Improved gut health
Improved brain health
 However, sleeping on the stomach is not recommended. Back
sleeping is a good position for the spine but inflames snoring and sleep
apnea or acid reflux. It was highly recommended to sleep on the right
side as it has the maximum health benefits and minimum health risks.
9.2 How much to sleep

Islam on how much to sleep

Narrated Al-Aswad:
I asked 'Aisha "How is the night prayer of the Prophet?" She replied, "He
used to sleep early at night, and get up in its last part to pray, and then
return to his bed. When the Mu'adh-dhin pronounced the Adhan, he
would get up. If he was in need of a bath, he would take it; otherwise he
would perform ablution and then go out (for the prayer)."
In Book Reference:Bukhari: Vol. 2, Book 21, Hadith 247

The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) used to sleep during the first part of
the night and get up to pray during the last part. His sleep was of the best
length, and it was the most beneficial of sleep.
Science on how much to sleep
Sleep is increasingly recognized as a critical component of healthy
development and overall health. Sleep impacts productivity, emotional
balance, brain and heart health, immune function, creativity, vitality, and
even weight. Healthy sleep comprises many dimensions, including
adequate duration, good quality, appropriate timing, and the absence of
sleep disorders. Chronic insufficient sleep at night can wreak havoc on
mental and physical health and is generally associated with daytime
sleepiness, daytime fatigue, depressed mood, poor daytime functioning,
and other health and safety problems.
What's going on in our brains while we sleep? The brain
generates two main types of sleep: slow-wave sleep (deep sleep) and
rapid eye movement (dreaming), or REM. About 80% of our sleeping is
of the SWS variety, which is characterized by slow brain waves, relaxed
muscles and slow, deep breathing. Dreaming accounts for the other 20%
of sleeping time and the length of dreams can vary from a few seconds to
closer to an hour. How much sleep is enough? Eight hours is often
quoted, but the optimum sleeping time varies between people and at
different times of life. In a comprehensive review, in which 18 experts
sifted through 320 existing research articles, the US National Sleep
Foundation concluded that the ideal amount to sleep is seven to eight
hours. What happens when we don't get enough sleep? In extreme
cases, sleep deprivation can be fatal. Rats that are completely deprived of
sleep die within two or three weeks. In humans, even a day or two of
sleep deprivation can cause healthy people to suffer hallucinations and
physical symptoms. Sleep deprivation affects concentration and memory.
A review of 28 existing studies found that permanent night-shift workers
or people who do not have enough sleep were 29% more likely to
develop obesity or become overweight than rotating shift workers. Bad
sleep quality links are seen with Alzheimer's, obesity, diabetes, heart
disease and dementia. Findings based on more than 2 million individuals
found that working night shifts raised the risk of a heart attack or stroke
by 41%.
Preliminary results from the world's largest sleep study have shown
that people who sleep on average between 7 to 8 hours per night
performed better cognitively than those who slept less, or more, than this
amount. Neuroscientists from Western University's Brain and Mind
Institute released their findings in the high-impact journal, SLEEP.
The world's largest sleep study was launched in June 2017 and within
days more than 40,000 people from around the world participated in the
online scientific investigation, which included an in-depth questionnaire
and a series of cognitive performance activities. It was discovered that
the amount of sleep associated with highly functional cognitive behavior
was the same for everyone (7 to 8 hours), regardless of age. It was
found that the optimum amount of sleep to keep our brain
performing its best is 7 to 8 hours every night.
Conor Wild (study's lead author, Owen Lab Research Associate)
said, "We found that people that slept more than 7-8 hours were equally
impaired as those who slept too little."
In 2015, the National Sleep Foundation in the US based on a study
'Seven Hours a Day Keeps the Doctor Away' updated sleep duration
recommendations to make scientifically sound and practical
recommendations for daily sleep duration across the lifespan. The same
year, the American Academy of Sleep Medicine and the Sleep Research
Society released a consensus recommendation for the amount of sleep
needed to promote optimal health in adults. Both sleep guidelines issued
by the US used a similar developmental approach to deliver their sleep
duration recommendations and recommended the average sleep hours
based on age group:

Children (6-13 years) 9-11 hours

Teenagers (14-17 years) 8-10 hours
Young adults (18-25 years) 7-9 hours
Adults (26-64 years) 7-9 hours
Older adults (≥65 years) 7-8 hours
In another study, a comparison was done between people who get
seven to eight hours of sleep and people sleeping less than seven hours
or more than nine hours. It was found that people having less than 7
hours of sleep are more likely to develop cardiovascular disease, obesity,
diabetes and Alzheimer's disease. Those who slept too little were also at
greater risk of dying than people who got enough sleep. Sleeping more
than nine hours is associated with depression and even greater risk of
death than sleeping too little.Research has shown that the brain
"cleanses" itself of beta-amyloid proteins linked to Alzheimer's during
sleep and that sleep deprivation causes the levels of these toxins to rise.
People who sleep between 7-8 hours night's sleep significantly lowers
blood pressure, reducing risk of stroke and heart attacks. One night of
limited sleep also decreases the number of cancer-fighting cells in your
immune system.
Finally, it was recommended that the optimum amount of sleep is
supposed to be 7-8 hours a night.
 SUNNAH OF WALKING

Islam on walking rapidly

Abu Huraira said:
"I have not seen anything more beautiful than Allah's Messenger (Allah
bless him and give him peace). The sun seemed to shine in his face. Nor
have I seen anyone more rapid in his gait than Allah's Messenger
(Allah bless him and give him peace)."
[gait-the way that somebody/something walks]
In Book Reference:Ash-Shama'il Al-Muhammadiyah: Book 18, Hadith 1

It was narrated from Nafi that:

Abdulla bin Umar used to walk rapidly for three (rounds), and walk for
four, and he said that the Messenger of Allah used to do that.
In Book Reference:Sunan an-Nasa'i:Vol. 3, Book 24, Hadith 2943

Jabir (May Allah be pleased with him) reported:

The Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬used to lag behind while travelling and
urge the weak to walk quickly.
In Book Reference:Riyad as-Salihin:Book 7, Hadith 16
Science on Walking rapidly
Walking is a great way to improve or maintain our overall health.
Walking every day for some time can increase cardiovascular fitness,
strengthen bones, reduce excess body fat, and boost muscle power and
endurance. It can also reduce risk of developing conditions such as heart
disease, type 2 diabetes, osteoporosis and some cancers. Walking has a
different pace (slow, average, fast/brisk) and many studies have
concluded that brisk walking is superior to any other form of walking.
In a study of 50,000 walkers over 30 years of age who resided in
Britain was conducted where data of these walkers including their
walking speed, heart rate, blood flow, brain functionality and many
others were taken to make sure the results weren't due to poor health or
other habits such as smoking and exercise. The results, when compared
to slow walkers, average pace walkers had 20% lower risk of early death
from any cause and 24% lower risk of death from cardiovascular causes
whereas brisk or fast-paced walkers had 24% lower risk of early death
from any cause and also lowered the risk of death from cardiovascular
causes. It was also found that the beneficial effects of fast walking were
more pronounced in older age groups.
Impact of brisk walking on the brain, researchers from New
Mexico Highlands University looked at a number of healthy young
adults who walked briskly and measured the impact of blood flowing
upward as they walked. Researchers found that the impact from hitting
our feet on the ground while walking briskly sends a hydraulic wave
upward through our bodies. This wave is strong enough to send blood
back up through our arteries, increasing blood flow to the brain which
improves oxygen flow to the brain which can help improve memory loss
and decision-making skills. A similar result was found in a study
concluded by researchers at University of Texas Southwestern (UTSW).
It was interpreted that the higher the physical exertion while walking, the
better health results. Result from one study concluded that regular brisk
walks could lower blood sugar as it can increase insulin sensitivity.
Another research led by University of Sydney suggests that speeding up
our walking pace could extend our life. Multiple studies were conducted
on the same and it was concluded that walking briskly is superior to
walking slow or at an average pace.
 In another study whose results were published in the European
Journal of Preventive Cardiology, researchers enrolled 1,078 patients
with hypertension who were studied for 3 years. Among the cohort, 85%
had CHD and 15% had valve disease. The researchers asked patients to
walk 1 km on a treadmill at moderate speed and stratified them into three
groups based on speed: slow, intermediate and fast. Throughout the
duration of the 3-year study, researchers recorded the number of all-
cause hospitalizations. According to the researchers, 51% of slow, 44%
of intermediate and 31% of fast walkers had at least one hospitalization
during follow-up. Compared with the slow group, the fast group had
reduced risk for hospitalization, researchers wrote.
Based on existing research, slow walkers tend to have low mobility,
average walkers tend to have average mobility and fast walkers have
higher mobility.Brisk walking offers a wide range of physical and mental
benefits. Some well-researched benefits include:

Increases cardiovascular and pulmonary (heart and lung) fitness

Lower blood sugar
Strengthen bones and muscles
Improve muscle endurance
Strengthen immune system
Improves mood, cognition, memory and sleep
Prevent or manage conditions like heart disease, stroke, high
blood pressure, cancer and type 2 diabetes
Reduce stress and tension
Improves mental health
Maintains a healthy weight and helps losing body fat
It was clear that the faster, farther and more frequently we walk, the
greater the health benefits we achieve.
 SUNNAH WAY TO CONTROL ANGER

Islam on how to control anger

Narrated Abu Dharr:
The Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬said to us: When one of you becomes
angry while standing, he should sit down. If the anger leaves him, well
and good; otherwise he should lie down.
In Book Reference:Sunan Abi Dawud:Book 42, Hadith 4764
Science on how to control anger
Anger is a natural emotion. However, it can arise out of proportion
to its trigger. In such cases, the emotion can impede a person's
decision making, damage relationships, lead to violence and otherwise
cause harm to one's life and property. Anger causes a physical reaction in
the body. It releases adrenaline, the "fight-or-flight" hormone that
prepares a person for conflict or danger. Angry outbursts can cause
health issues like migraines, headaches, weak immune systems,
increased anxiety and even increase the risk of heart attacks.
As anger accelerates the blood pressure increases in the body or the
heart starts beating at a faster rate in the body. Multiple ways were found
to control anger including change in posture (sitting, lying down), yoga,
breathing exercises and many more. One of the major ways to get control
over anger is to relax as relaxation contributes a lot in reducing the stress
level thus reducing anger. Several studies were conducted which studied
the effects of change in body posture on anger and high blood pressure as
change in blood pressure can contribute to control anger. According to a
study published in psychological science it was concluded that the brain
may manage anger differently depending on whether we're standing,
sitting or lying down. A 2017 study of 280 people with high blood
pressure found that the average systolic and diastolic blood pressure
readings were lower when measured while in a sitting position than
when measured while standing and similarly the average systolic and
diastolic blood pressure readings were lower when measured while lying
down than when measured in a sitting position. Another study from 2018
investigated blood pressure readings in a cohort of 1,298 men. It found
that both systolic and diastolic blood pressure readings were significantly
higher in the seated position than when lying down.
This was justified because when we stand, gravity causes blood to
pool in our lower body which causes a temporary drop in blood pressure.
Hence to adjust this change, certain reflexes in our body send a signal to
our brain when a drop in blood pressure is detected. Our brain then tells
our heart to beat faster in order to pump more blood to stabilize blood
pressure. Also, blood pressure decreases while lying makes sense when
we think of our heart as a pump. When we're lying down, most parts of
your body are at the same level as our heart. Because of this, our heart
doesn't have to work as hard to circulate blood throughout our body and
reduces the rate of heartbeat.
 W. Robert Nay (A clinical associate professor of psychiatry at
Georgetown Medical School) in a study concluded that "Over time, our
brains become conditioned to associate sitting and lying down with
feeling relaxed." From an evolutionary perspective, the brain is
hardwired to associate an upright position with threat: When you're
standing and arguing, adrenaline and the stress hormone cortisol start
coursing in an effort to help you flee and the next thing you know, your
heart is racing, your voice is rising, and you're suddenly a crazy angry
person. Sitting down, Nay says, sends a message of safety and security to
your brain. Vaughan Bell (British clinical psychologist, at the South
London and Maudsley NHSFoundation Trust specialist in
psychological interventions) says we are less likely to get angry when
we are lying down.
This sunnah of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) can be justified in many
ways with simple explanation:
As we get angry while standing, due to the blood pool in the lower
body the heart starts beating fast thus increasing the blood pressure and
many muscles of the body get tighten up. Hence, when we sit down or lie
down there is a sudden decrease in the heartbeat rate because major
organs of the body tend to get onto the same level as we move from
sitting to lying and makes blood circulation easier in the body, thus
reducing the blood pressure in the body and making the tightened
muscles relaxed. As concluded by W. Robert Nay, sitting down, sends a
message of safety and security to our brain. We may feel relaxed and this
feeling of relaxation can reduce stress and anxiety resulting in
controlling anger.
Many studies showed that this Sunnah of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH)
may help to control anger.
 SUNNAH OF USING ITHMID KOHL
(SOORMA)

Islam on using ithmid kohl

It was narrated that Jabir said: "I heard the Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬say:
'You should use antimony when you go to sleep, for it improves the
eyesight and makes the hair (eyelashes) grow. "'
In Book Reference:Sunan Ibn Majah: Hadith 3496

Salim bin 'Abdullah narrated that his father said:

"The Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬said: 'You should use antimony, for it
improves the eyesight and makes the hair (eyelashes) grow."'
In Book Reference:Sunan Ibn Majah: Hadith 3497

It was narrated from Ibn 'Abbas that:

The Messenger of Allah [SAW] said: "One of the best kinds of kohl that
you use is Ithmid (antimony); it brightens the vision and makes the hair
(eyelashes) grow."
In Book Reference:Sunan an-Nasa'i: Vol. 6, Book 48, Hadith 5116
Science on ithmid kohl
Earlier kohl was produced from camphor, vegetable oil and ghee
originally at home. But now it is prepared commercially on a large scale.
In commercial Kohl, Lead is widely used and hence commercial kohl is
found to be harmful for the eye. Consequently, herbal kajal or ayurvedic
kajal can be used as the organic kajal, is created using natural ingredients
and is 100 percent fresh.
Ithmid kohl (a.k.a. kajal or soorma) have been traditionally used.
Ithmid kohl refers to the pure powdered mineral of Galena, which is
essentially lead sulfide. Some scientific studies have shown the benefits
of Ithmid Kohl to treat eye related ailments.
UV-Blocker:
Excessive exposure of sunlight to the eyes is a risk factor for
macular degeneration (refers to the back of the eye deteriorating, which
is where the retina is connected to the eye.) This causes the center of
one's vision to blur or be totally lost. The Galena that the Ithmid kohl is
made from has UV absorptive properties, so when the user applies the
powdered galena kohl to the eyes the microscopic particles of galena
form a thin film over the eye and absorbs the incoming UV rays from the
sun. Ithmid Kohl provides protection against ultraviolet (UV) radiation
from the sun.
Nitric Oxide Booster:
Studies found that Ithmid kohl promotes the production of Nitric
Oxide in the eye. Nitric Oxide (NO) has many benefits, one of which is
improving the immune system's ability to fight infections. NO levels are
raised starting with the lead sulfide's Pb2 + ions stimulating
keratinocytes (cells that make up the outermost layer of the eye, like the
cornea) to undergo an oxidative stress response, which includes the
overproduction of nitric oxide. Benefits of Nitric Oxide also include
antimicrobial, antitumor, vasodilating, anti-inflammatory, and intraocular
pressure lowering properties.
Discussing these benefits below:
Antimicrobial:
Nitric oxide is effective against gram-negative, gram-positive, and even
antibiotic resistant bacteria such as MRSA (methicillin-resistant
staphylococcus aureus). The broad-range antibacterial property of nitric
oxide comes from its reactive by-products, peroxynitrite & dinitrogen
trioxide. So, stimulating the body's own natural production of Nitric
Oxide may be a better alternative than to antibiotics that microbes
eventually become resistant to. Antibiotics kill off both good & bad
bacteria living in your digestive system, which is a problem because it
gives bad microbes like clostridium difficile a chance to take over your
GI tracts.
Vasodilation:
Certain ocular diseases are caused by a lack of proper blood flow to the
eye. For example, a lack of blood flow to the eye can cause macular
degeneration. Increasing blood flow to the eye is a prophylactic
(preventative) measure against ocular diseases. Nitric oxide is a
vasodilator for blood vessels, which means it widens the blood vessels
and allows for more blood to circulate. Nitric Oxide controls basal blood
flow in the optic nerve, choroid, and retina. So that's another way ithmid
kohl can benefit the eye by improving ocular blood circulation.
Intraocular Pressure:
When the pressure inside of the eye is too high, it leads to ocular
pathologies like glaucoma (name for various disease conditions of the
eye that damages the optic nerve damage to cause vision loss). Glaucoma
is the leading cause of permanent blindness on earth and is characterized
with first peripheral vision loss followed by central vision loss. Primary
factor for glaucoma is high intraocular pressure. Other lesser risk factors
for glaucoma include ischemia (reduced blood flow), inflammation,
hypertension, myopia, race and age. If you are able to reduce IOP, it
controls and prevents the progressions of glaucoma. Nitric oxide is able
to lower IOP and improve the optic nerve head perfusion of the eye. So
ithmid kohl, which is able to raise ocular NO levels, can help treat
glaucoma in this respect.
Similarly, Modern research has shown that Kohl is beneficial in
protecting the eye from various diseases. Some other benefits of Kohl
that were found in studies were:

Keeps the eyes cool and clean.

Improves vision and strengthens the eyes.
Protects the eyes from the harmful radiation of the sun.
Treats watery eyes (fluxes), inflammation and pain in the eyes.
Used for the prevention and treatment of eye diseases such as
blepharitis, trachoma, cataract, conjunctivitis, etc.
Being germicidal, it kills germs which are collected as sludge on
the sides of the eyes.
Protects eyes from dust and snow.
 SUNNAH OF USING BLACK CUMIN

Islam on using black cumin

Narrated Abu Huraira:
I heard Allah's Messenger(‫ )ﷺ‬saying, "There is healing in black cumin
for all diseases except death."
In Book Reference:Sahih al-Bukhari: Vol. 7, Book 71, Hadith 592

Narrated Khalid bin Sa' d:

We went out and Ghalib bin Abjar was accompanying us. He fell ill on
the way and when we arrived at Medina, he was still sick. Ibn Abi 'Atiq
came to visit him and said to us, "Treat him with black cumin. Take five
or seven seeds and crush them (mix the powder with oil) and drop the
resulting mixture into both nostrils, for 'Aisha has narrated to me that she
heard the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬saying, 'This black cumin is healing for all
diseases except As-Sam.' Aisha said, 'What is As-Sam?' He said, 'Death."
In Book Reference:Sahih al-Bukhari: Vol. 7, Book 71, Hadith 591

Abu Hurairah narrated that the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) said:

"Use this black seed. For indeed it contains a cure for every disease
except As-Sam" And As-Sam is death.
In Book Reference:Jami' at-Tirmidhi:Vol. 4, Book 2, Hadith 2041
Science on black cumin
Nigella sativa (black seed or black cumin) belongs to the
Ranunculacea family and is an herb with many pharmacological
properties. Among its many active constituents, thymoquinone (TQ) is
the most abundant constituent of the volatile oil of Nigella sativa seeds,
and it is the constituent to which most properties of this herb are
attributed. Black seed and TQ are shown to possess multiple useful
effects for the treatment of patients with several diseases, such as
inflammatory and auto-immune disorders, as well as metabolic
syndrome. Black seeds and their oil have a long history of usage in the
Arabian civilizations as food and medicine and have been commonly
used as treatment for a variety of health conditions pertaining to the
respiratory system, digestive tract, kidney and liver functions,
cardiovascular system, and immune system support, as well as for
general well-being.
Several studies were conducted on the efficacy of Nigella seeds for
curing multiple diseases. A study done on 60 patients with metabolic
syndrome showed that NS oil (5 mL/day) used in combination with
atorvastatin and metformin could decrease fasting blood sugar (FBS),
LDL, and TC significantly after six weeks of use. Another study by
Amin et al evaluated the effect of black seeds (1.5 g/day) alone and
concurrent with turmeric (900 mg and 1.5 g/day, respectively) on 250
patients with metabolic syndrome showed that NS and turmeric alone
improved BMI, WC and BF% after 4 weeks.
The effects of NS and TQ on different components of metabolic
syndrome and cardiovascular disease risk factors, including high BP,
obesity, dyslipidemia, and high blood glucose, have been established.
The clinical uses of NS and TQ in the prevention and treatment of these
factors is discussed in subsequent subsections:
Hypertension:
In a study, which evaluated the anti-hypertensive effect of NS, the intake
of NS extract (200 or 400 mg/ day) for 2 months was reported to
decrease both the systolic and the diastolic BP in patients with mild HT
as compared with the baseline and the placebo values.
Obesity:
A study was performed on 39 centrally obese men to evaluate the effect
of NS on body weight, WC, and some biochemical parameters. The
results of that study showed that intake of NS seeds (3 g/day for 3
months) caused a very significant reduction in body weight, reductions
in the serum free testosterone level, as well as the systolic and the
diastolic BP, and an increase in the adiponectin level.
Dyslipidemia:
According to a World Health Organization (WHO) report, coronary heart
disease is a major cause of mortality in the world. The results of a study
which examined the effects of NS on the lipid profiles in patients with
stable coronary artery disease indicated that intake of NS powder (500
mg/day) for 6 months concurrent with statin (10 - 20 mg/day) both
decreased the serum levels ofTG, VLDL, LDL, and TC and elevated the
HDL level significantly.
Diabetes:
A clinical trial showed that NS oil intake (equivalent to oil obtained from
0. 7 g of seeds) for 40 days caused a significant reduction of FBS and a
significant rise of insulin in type 2 DM patients.
Dyslipidemia:
According to a World Health Organization (WHO) report, coronary heart
disease is a major cause of mortality in the world. The results of a study
which examined the effects of NS on the lipid profiles in patients with
stable coronary artery disease indicated that intake of NS powder (500
mg/day) for 6 months concurrent with statin (10 - 20 mg/day) both
decreased the serum levels ofTG, VLDL, LDL, and TC and elevated the
HDL level significantly.
Diabetes:
A clinical trial showed that NS oil intake (equivalent to oil obtained from
0.7 g of seeds) for 40 days caused a significant reduction of FBS and a
significant rise of insulin in type 2 DM patients.
Nervous System:
In a study it was found that NS treatment offers some advantages in
contrast with opiate treatments, such as relieving the withdrawal effects,
maintaining the physiological parameters, and improving appetite.
Analgesic effects:
A study showed that NS oil had significant therapeutic effects on patients
with cyclic mastalgia without any adverse effects.
Dermatology:
Hand eczema is a pruritic papulovesicular dermatitis severely
influencing the patient's quality oflife. A study compared the effects of
NS ointment, betamethasone, and eucerin on the severity of hand eczema
and the patients' quality of life. In that study, for new cases of hand
eczema in patients between 18 and 60 years of age the mentioned drugs
were applied twice daily for 4 weeks. Through particular measures, the
authors concluded that NS may be as effective as betamethasone in
enhancing quality of life and alleviating the severity of eczema and that
both were more effective than eucerin.
Infectious diseases:
A study conducted in Egypt on HCV patients demonstrated that
ethanolic extracts of NS and Zingiber officinale (Z. officinale), alone and
together, had beneficial effects on HCV patients, i.e., their liver function
was improved and the viral load was decreased. Patients included in that
study were treated with capsules containing 500 mg of NS and/or Z.
officinale twice daily for one month.
Reproductive System :
A study proved that treatment of infertile men with 2.5 mL of NS oil
twice a day for two months, in contrast with a placebo treatment in the
same manner, could enhance sperm parameters, including sperm count,
motility and morphology, semen volume, pH, and its round cells. Other
beneficial effects of NS on Ley dig cells, reproductive organs, and sexual
hormones in infertile men have also been confirmed.
Respiratory system:
As for lower respiratory tract illnesses (LRTI), a study revealed the
antiasthrnatic effects of NS boiled extract (50 and 100 mg/kg),
theophylline (5 mg/kg), and salbutamol (200 μg). In that study, 15
asthmatic patients were recruited, and each patient received one of these
4 treatments in random order at intervals of 48 hours for 2 weeks. The
results of that study demonstrated that in spite of the fact that both doses
of NS boiled extract showed bronchodilatory effects, their efficacies for
pulmonary function test (PFT) elevation were less than those of
theophylline and salbutamol. The results also revealed the prophylactic
effects of NS boiled extract on adult asthmatic patients.
Skeletal system:
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic systemic disease characterized by
inflammation of the joints, degeneration of collagen fibers in
mesenchymal tissues, and atrophy of bones. A study on 40 female RA
patients who received placebo capsules twice a day in the first month and
500-mg NS oil capsules twice a day in the next month observed that the
use of NS oil capsules notably improved the disease's activity score and
alleviated its symptoms, which could be attributed to the modulatory
effect of NS on the immune system.
Gastrointestinal system:
Celiac disease (CD) is characterized by increased sensitivity to gluten
and by inflammation and destruction of the small intestine mucosa due to
an autoimmune mechanism. In a study by Osman et al, the prescription
of a gluten free diet (GFD) together with the consumption of a NS oil
capsule (450 mg) twice daily as dietary supplement for one year was
more effective than a GFD alone in the treatment of patients with iron
deficiency anemia associated with refractory CD, i.e., the hematological
and immunological indices and the duodenal histology recovery were
improved.
Anti-toxicity Effects :
Leukemia is a tumoral growth of WBCs in the bone marrow and is
caused by a malignant neoplasm of hematopoietic stem cells. In all,
which is the most common childhood malignancy, increased numbers of
lymphoblasts are present in the circulating blood and in different tissues
and organs. A study by Hagag et al reported that NS oil (80 mg/ day)
administered for one week after each methotrexate treatment could
reduce hepatotoxicity and improve the survival rate in all children
undergoing that treatment.
Similarly, several studies including cell culture studies, and animal
models have indicated several therapeutic potentials of black seed which
includes:

Antimicrobial, Anti-nociceptive, Anti-epileptic, Analgesic,

Antipyretic, Anti-fertility, Anti-oxytocic, Antitussive, Anti-
inflammatory, Anti-oxidant properties.
Anticancer properties for blood, breast, colon, pancreatic, liver,
lung, fibrosarcoma, prostate, and cervix cancer cell lines and in
animal models of lung, kidney, skin, colon, and breast cancer.
Cure for several diseases, such as hypertension, dyslipidemia,
metabolic syndrome, diabetes, asthma, convulsion, and natural
and chemical toxicities.
Suggestions were made that NS and TQ utilization could
prevent many disorders, including neurobehavioral, kidney, and
liver disorders.
 SUNNAH OF COVERING MOUTH WHILE
SNEEZING

Islam on covering mouth while sneezing

Narrated Abu Hurairah:
that when the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬would sneeze, he would cover his face with
his hand or with his garment, and muffle the sound with it.
In Book Reference:Jami' at-Tirmidhi:Vol. 5, Book 41, Hadith 2745

Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported:

Whenever the Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬sneezed, he would cover his
mouth with his hand or a piece of cloth- thereby suppressing the sound.
In Book Reference:Riyad as-Salihin:Book 5, Hadith 39
Science on covering mouth while sneezing
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
(CDC), serious respiratory illnesses like the flu, RSV, whooping cough
and SARS are spread by coughing, sneezing and unclean hands -
whether by touching your face after touching contaminated objects or
touching objects after contaminating your hands. Sneezing and coughing
are typically the result of irritation in the throat tissues and sinuses, often
caused by foreign objects or pathogens. When we sneeze or cough, we
are essentially ejecting these particles out into the world, free from our
bodies, but that means they can land on other surfaces or be inhaled by
other people, thus spreading potential infections; as the germs are once
airborne, they then enter other people via their mouth or nose.
"When we cough into the air, we can actually send germs as far as 3
to 6 feet in front of us and if we cough into our hands, we can transfer
germs from place to place when we touch something" explains infectious
disease specialist Frank Esper.
During the influenza pandemic outbreak when the severe acute
respiratory syndrome (SARS) started to rapidly spread across Asia.
Canada was the country hardest hit outside of Asia, with 438 probable
and suspect SARS-Co V cases, including 44 deaths. Canadian health
care workers (HCW) endured a high toll during the SARS outbreak
while caring for patients. The WHO, and other agencies, recommended
the application of and compliance with basic infection control
precautions known as non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPI), such as
cough etiquette (CE), as the cornerstone to prevent transmission of
droplet-spread epidemic-prone diseases in health care facilities.
Similarly, during the Covid-19 pandemic, it was forcefully implemented
all over the world to cover their mouth using the face mask, as a face
mask is going to reduce the rate of our respiratory droplets going out into
the open air thus reaching and infecting others. James Mamary (A
pulmonologist with Temple Lung Center at Temple University Health
System in Philadelphia) regarding the spread of germs and bacteria said
to WebMD, "It's our responsibility to cover mouth and nose so those
droplets don't go into the air ... so they don't spread to other people. You
should sneeze into a tissue or paper towel and if you don't have those
with you, you can sneeze into the crook of your elbow." The Central
Maine Medical Center, the Saint Mary's Regional Medical Center in
association with the Maine Medical Association released a video by Dr.
Ben Lounsbury in which he recommended that "If we don't have a
tissue, we should cough or sneeze into our elbow or sleeve, not in our
hands"
The outcome of several studies recommended the same measures to
be taken while sneezing or coughing to control the spread of any flu,
RSV, SARS, Covid-19 and bacteria of other diseases. To reduce the
germs being spread, the CDC recommends:

Cover your mouth and nose with a tissue or a towel or a cloth

when you cough or sneeze
Cough or sneeze into your elbow, not your hands or open air
Move away from people if you feel a cough or sneeze coming
on
Always turn your face away from people around you when
coughing or sneezing
 REFERENCES

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Fasting
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Cupping
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Miswak (Tree Stick)

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Qailulah (Siesta)
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improvelearning-ability
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https://www.health.harvard.edu/newsletter_article/Siestas_and_
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Consuming honey
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Consuming olive
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Consuming butter
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4927102/
 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1402705/
https://www.eatthis.com/what-happens-body-eat-butter/
https://www.webmd.com/diet/health-benefits-butter#2

Consuming truffles
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7301458/
https://www.webmd.com/food-recipes/benefits-truffies
https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/truffies

Consuming watermelon
https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/watermelon-health-
benefits
https://www.webmd.com/diet/ss/slideshow-health-benefits-of-
watermelon
https://www.livescience.com/46019-watermelon-nutrition.html

Sleeping
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6609073/
https://www.nichd.nih.gov/newsroom/releases/infant_sids
https://www.webmd.com/sleep-disorders/ss/slideshow-
sleeppositions
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5677378/
https://www.sleepjunkie.com/sleeping-on-left-side-vs-right-
side/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6267703/
 https://www.theguardian.com/science/2018/oct/08/sleep-
how-much-do-we-really-need
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/10/181009135845
https://www.discovermagazine.com/health/how-much-should-i-
sleep-science-has-the-answers
https://www.helpguide.org/articles/sleep/sleep-needs-get-
the-sleep-you-need.htm

Walking
https://www.sydney.edu.au

https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/healthyliving/walkin
g-for-good-health
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3064872
https://www.health.harvard.edu/heart-health/step-up-your-
walking-game
https://www.health.harvard.edu/heart-health/walk-this-way
https://www.eatthis.com/how-improve-mobility-walking

https://www.healio.com/news/cardiology/20180424/fasterwalki
ng-speed-lowers-cv-hospitalization-risk-in-hypertension-cvd

Controlling anger
https://www.healthline.com/health/blood-pressure-lying-down
https://www.oprah.com/health/how-to-calm-down-when-
you-get-angry
 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/26718524_Supine_Bo
dy_Position_Reduces_Neural_Response_to_Anger_Evocation

https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/162035#controllin
g-anger
https://www.mentalhelp.net/blogs/posture-and-how-it-
changes-your-feelings

Ithmid Kohl
http://ijiset.com/vol7/v7s7/IJISET_V7_17_32.pdf
https://www.therevisionist.org/reviews/the-medicinal-effects-
of-ithmid-kohl-on-the-eye/
https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/nursing-and-
health-professions/ galena
https://www.thecompletehealth.com/benefits-of-surma-kohl/

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/316589720_Microbial
_Content_of_Kohl

Black cumin
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5633670
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6535880
https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-
and-biological-sciences/nigella-sativa
https://www.webmd.com/vitamins/ai/ingredientmono-
901/black-seed
 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/223809080

Sneezing
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3846148

https://www.cdc.gov/healthywater/hygiene/etiquette/coughing_
sneezing
https://www.webmd.com/cold-and-flu/features/prevent-flu-
cover-up-when-you-say-achoo
https://health.clevelandclinic.org/cough-etiquette-why-its-
so-important/
https://www.adventhealth.com/blog/help-stop-spread-
germs-when-coughing-or-sneezing
https://www.scienceabc.com/humans/why-should-you-always-
cover-your-mouth-when-you-sneeze