Nama : Rizaldy Mustakim

NIM : 20101106059
Prodi : Sistem Informasi (A)

1.Module 26-1 number 3

A charged belt, 50 cm wide, travels at 30 m/s between a source of charge and a sphere. The belt
carries charge into the sphere at a rate corresponding to 100 μA. Compute the surface charge density
on the belt.
Answer:
The charge is “dq’ :
dq=I dt
The surface is dA :
dA=L dx
Charge density is:
dq
σ=
dA
σ =( I dt ) /( L dx )
σ =( I ) /(L ( dx /dt ) )
σ =( I ) /(L v )

σ =( 100 x 10 ) /(0.50∗30)
−6

2
σ =6.7 μC /m

Module 26-2 no 11
What is the current in a wire of radius R = 3.40 mm if the magnitude of the current density s given by
(a) Ja = J0r/R and (b) Jb = J0(1 - r/R), in which r is the radial distance and J 0 = 5.50 x 104 A/m2? (c)
Which function maximizes the current density near the wire’s surface?
Answer:

A cylindrical wire of radius R=3.4×10−3 m , we need to find enclosed current in the wire if the
current density given by :
J0 r r 4 −2
Ja= and J b =J 0 (1− ) , where, J 0=5.5 x 10 A . m
R R

(a) I =∫ JdA ,but A=π r 2 → dA=2 πrdr , so:

 R
I a=∫ J a (2¿ πrdr) ¿
0

R
J0r
I a∫ ( 2 πrdr )
0 R

2π J0 R 2
I a=
R 0
∫ r dr

I a=
R [ ]
2 π J 0 r3 R
3 0

I a=
R ( )
2 π J 0 R3
3

2 π J 0 R2
I a=
3
4
I a=2 π (5.5 x 10 )¿ ¿
I a= 1.332 A
R
(b) I b=∫ J b ( 2 πrdr )
0

(
I b=∫ J 0 1−
0
r
R )
( 2 πrdr )

( )
R 2
r
I b=2 π J 0 ∫ r− dr
0 R

I b=2 π J 0 [ r2 r3 R
−
2 3R 0 ]
I b=2 π J 0 [ R2 R 2
−
2 3 ]
2
π J0 R
I b=
3
4
I b=π (5.5 x 10 ) ¿ ¿
¿ 0.666 A
(c) From the current densites, we can see that:
J a ( r=R )=J 0 and, J b ( r=R )=0
So we can conclude that the current density of wire J a has its maximum at the surface.
2.Module 26-3 number 16
Copper and aluminium are being considered for a high-voltage transmission line that must carry a
current of 60.0 A. The resistance per unit length is to be 0.150Ω/km. The densities of copper and
aluminium are 8960 and 2600 kg/m3, respectively. Compute (a) the magnitude J of the current density
and (b) the mass per unit length λ for a copper cable and (c) J and (d) λ for an aluminum cable.
Answer:
ρL
R=
A
R ρ
=
L A
0.150 Ω/km = 0.15 x 10-3 Ω/m
ρ −3
=0.15 x 10
A
ρ ρ
A= = x 103 m2
0.15 x 10
−3
0.15
−8
ρ c =1.69 x 10 Ω m
−8
1.69 x 10
Ac = x 103 =11.3 x 10−5 m 2
0.15
i 60 5 −2
(a) The current density J c = = =5.31 x 10 A m
Ac 11.3 x 10 5

(b) Mass per unit length of the copper wire is given by

5 −1
λ c =density x area=8960 x 11.3 x 10 =1.01 kg m
−8
For aluminium, ρ a =2.75 x 10 Ω m.
−8
2.75 x 10 3 −5 2
So the cross-sectional area of the aluminium wire has to be Aa = x 10 =18.3 x 10 m
0.15
i 60 5 −2
(c) The current density J a = = =3.28 x 10 Am
A a 18.3 x 10 −5

(d) Mass per unit length of the aluminium wire is given by

−5 −1
λ a=density x area=2700 x 18.3 x 10 =0.49 kg m

3.Module 26-4 number 37

Show that, according to the free-electron model of electrical conduction in metals and classical
physics, the resistivity of metals should be proportional to √ T , where T is the temperature in kelvins.

Answer:

In order to show the required proportionality of the resistivity in metals, ρ and √ T in the free-electron
model of electrical condution we start with the expression
 m
ρ= 2
e nt
1
ρα .
t
Since the mean path time, t is inversely proportional to the effective velocity of the electrons, t α v eff
we get
ρ α v eff
Here, from classical statistical physics we know that the mean velocity of particles is proportional to
the √ T and therefore

ρα √ T
m 1
ρ= α α v eff α √ T
e nt t
2

4.Module 26-5 number 38

In Fig. 26-32a, a 20 Ω resistor is connected to a battery. Figure 26-32b shows the increase of thermal
energy Eth in the resistor as a function of time t. The vertical scale is set by E th,s = 2.50 mJ, and the
horizontal scale is set by ts = 4.0 s. What is the electric potential across the battery?
Answer:
The power is given by:
2
P=V /R
The energy is consequently:

E=Pt=( V /R ) t
2

2
slope=E /t=V /R

slope=( E th, s ) / ( ( 5 /4 ) t s )=V /R

2

2
¿> ( 2.50 . 10−3 ) /( ( 5/ 4 )∗4)=(V )/(20)
¿>V =0.1 V

Additional Problem (Number 5 & 6)

55. A Nichrome heater dissipates 500 W when the applied potential difference is 110 V and the wire
temperature is 800°C. What would be the dissipation rate if the wire temperature were held at 200°C
by immersing the wire in a bath of cooling oil? The applied potential difference remains the same, and
a for Nichrome at 800°C is 4.0 x 10-4 K-1.
Answer:
P L=R H +α R H ∆ T
 RH PH 500W
P L= PH= = =657.89 W
RH+ α RH ∆ T α ∆ T 1+ ( 4.0 x 10−4 ) K−1 (−600 k )

77. In Fig. 26-37, a resistance coil, wired to an external battery, is placed inside a thermally insulated
cylinder fitted with a frictionless piston and containing an ideal gas. A current i = 240 mA flows
through the coil, which has a resistanceR = 550 Ω. At what speed v must the piston, of mass m = 12
kg, move upward in order that the temperature of the gas remains unchanged?
Answer:
We can express the power of the piston in terms of the gravitational force and the speed of the piston
as :
P=Fv=mgv
Where v is the piston speed

The power dissipated from the resistor is calculated by following joule’s law :
2
P=i R
Combining the previous equation gives :
2
i R=mgv

Hence :
2
i
v=
mg
The cylinder is thermally insulated and the piston is frictionless. therefore, thermal energy is ideally
converted into mechanical work , and the formula for the speed is indeed the limit of the piston
speed.

By substituting the given values , and taking the gravitational constant g=9.81 ms−2 , we arrive the
solution

v=0.27 m/s