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Rhetorical
Devices
APersuasive Technique
Today's
Discussion
Euphemism
Dyphemism
Hyperbole
Proof-surrogate
EUPHEMISM
nói giảm nói tránh
Euphemism is a neutral or
positive expression used in
place of one that carries
negative associations.

The example
AIM
They allow us to have uncomfortable
conversations without using unsettling
language.
=> make something sound better

EXAMPLES:
A boss told an employee that it is time to
“let go” instead of “fired” which aims to
soften the blow.
“My grandfather passed away due to ill
health.” Using passed away has a
gentleness that allows us to more easily
come to terms with what happened.
DYSPHEMISM

A dysphemism is used to
produce exaggeratedly a A dysphemism words express a
negative effect on someone’s severely negative slant and emotional
attitude about something, or to
viewpoint on a topic.( making
tone down the positive
associations it may have. something sound worse)

- It sounds worse to be obscenely rich than to be very wealthy.

Eating animal flesh sounds worse than eating meat.

- Examples: The "New king of Southeast Asia" Cambodia has

affirmed its class bravery for everyone in to see after the defeat by
only a difference of ''14 goals'' with Asian giants IRAN

 Hyperbole
DEFINITION
Hyperbole is the use of exaggeration or extravagant
overstatement as a rhetorical device or figure of
speech.

It may be used to evoke strong feelings or to create a

strong impression. It may seem easy to dismiss
hyperbole when evaluating claims but even if you are
alert to it and recognize the exaggeration you still
need to be careful that the use of hyperbole doesn't
sway you to believe the underlying claim.
Examples: 1.
Many people heard Jeremy shouting when the spider landed on him.
(Nhiều người nghe Jeremy hét lên khi con nhện đáp xuống anh ấy.)
The entire tri-state area could hear Jeremy shouting when the spider
landed on him.
(Toàn bộ khu vực ba bang có thể nghe thấy Jeremy hét lên khi con
nhện đáp xuống anh ấy.)
=> Both of these sentences mean that many people have heard
Jeremy scream. But the exaggeration in the second sentence places
special emphasis on Jeremy's volume. It's impossible that a human
scream can travel hundreds of miles - the point is that Jeremy is
really scared of that spider.
I’m so hungry that I could eat a horse.
That purse looks like it cost a million dollars.
I love you to the moon and back.
 PROOF- SURROGATE

An expression used to suggest that there is

evidence or authority for a claim without
actually saying what it is.
=> This happens as a way of replacing
argumentation.

It is often used to make people believe a

claim. Can be sometimes misleading
Example: Everyone’s parents give at least twenty dollars a week allowance.
-Some expression of proof surrogate :
Experts believe
Studies shows
Scientist recommend

Examples:
There's evidence that Tom leaked Anna's personal information
Studies show that reading aloud uses more of your brain than reading silently
Studies show that eating KFC for every meal is the healthiest way to live
Jose writes that "people are mostly good at heart." The author is simply wrong.
Explanation: The arguer states that the author is "simply wrong" yet offers no
reasons. Words and phrases such as "simply," "obviously," "without question,"
etc., are indicators that no such evidence will be presented.
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Euphemism
Dyphemism
Hyperbole
Proof-surrogate
Thank
You