Literature Review

No one could have predicted that COVID-19, the crisis began in late 2019 and early 2020, would
have such huge impacts and implications on human society. It's an international disaster, a
catastrophic situation that caused the world to constantly panic through one full year, or maybe
even longer. Many countries are still attempting to develop short- and long-term solutions to the
difficulties brought by the pandemic. Several nations have been able to control the effect, but
many more have not, even after two years, they couldn't manage it.
The pandemic has dramatically increased the percentage of employees who work from
home (Hickman and Saad, 2020), being a single option for so many people around the world;
working from home has introduced us to a new world full of opportunities and challenges, and a
transaction era that caused so many people feelings of instability, anxiety, and stress. As for the
people who had to live this experience, working women shouldered the lion’s share of these
feelings. based on national representative data in the USA, more women
than men report feeling nervous, anxious or on edge (61 vs 49%) and down, depressed or
hopeless (48 vs 41%) at least some of the time (U. S. Census, 2020).
When related to housework, it’s mostly women who are in charge, despite that several modern
families and recently married couples have adopted the understanding of equal responsibilities
and tasks, the number of families where the woman’s role is to take care of the family members,
housework, and her own job and career life is still a very high number. As for the pandemic time,
women were but in a situation that they need to take care of their responsibilities all together
form one place, with the care houses, schools and nurseries had to shut their doors, and kids were
home schooled, mothers working from home were put in a situation where they had to take care
of their families and jobs, chasing for work-life balance, and getting very minor support form
their significant other, Women not only became stay-at-home teachers, but they were also
caregivers, community leaders, advocates in health organizations, balancing their home life, and
being supportive of extended family (Lupu, 2017).while some husbands used to minorly support
in house chores and child care, results have been reported in surveys of women in eastern Europe
and central Asia, with increased gender gaps in childcare, eldercare, and housework as a result of
the pandemic (UN Women, 2020b). Surveys of parents in the USA have likewise found that COVID
has increased the childcare, housekeeping and other domestic responsibilities of both mothers
and fathers (Carlson et al., 2020; Miller, 2020). Although only a minority of parents reported equal
sharing of childcare and housework, the percentage of egalitarian households has increased
since the start of the pandemic (Carlson et al., 2020)

Number and ages of children is also playing a very significant role on how stressful can working
from home be,

The consequence of inequitable division of domestic labor is

that more employed mothers than fathers have reduced time devoted to their jobs (Collins
et al., 2020; Miller, 2020), particularly among couples with young children (Collins et al.,
2020).
Variables Conceptual Operational
Dependent:
Work Life Balance Work-life balance refers to the level Work-life balance refers to the level of
of prioritization between personal prioritization between work, family, and
and professional activities in an house requirements in a working woman’s
individual’s life and the level to life, the frequency, and the extent to which
which activities related to their job the significant other supports her.
are present in the home
Independent
Stress Stress can be defined as any type of Stress is the strain populated from inability
change that causes physical, to attend to, or maintain the balance
emotional, or psychological strain. between work load, family and life
Stress is your body's response to requirements in a woman’s life.
anything that requires attention or
action
Financial Status Personal finance is about meeting financial situation in line of work
personal financial goals, whether it’s circumstances including salary deduction,
having enough for short-term and/or hold of promotion or advancements
financial needs, planning for that was caused by the Pandemic.
retirement, or saving for your child’s
college education. It all depends on
your income, expenses, living
requirements, and individual goals
and desires—and coming up with a
plan to fulfill those needs within
your financial constraints.
Job Satisfaction define job satisfaction as employees’ The status of which employees needs in the
emotional state regarding the job, job are met and fulfilled, and whether it
considering what they expected and provides enough flexibility in working hours
what they actually got out of it. In and achievement requirements or not.
fact, an employee with low
expectations can be more satisfied
with a certain job than someone
who has high expectations. If one’s
expectations are met or exceeded by
the job, then one is happy and
satisfied with the job.