I. Name of Program Ii. Course Descriptive Title Course Code

Suclayin, Arayat, Pampanga
Tel. No. 0925-870-1013

Email address: exact.colleges@yahoo.com
I. NAME OF
Bachelor of Science in Tourism Management
PROGRAM
II. COURSE COURSE CODE

DESCRIPTIVE Tour and Travel Management
TITLE TMP03
COURSE
III. PRE-REQUISITE / CREDIT UNIT
TMC02
CO-REQUISITE
3 Units
This course provides familiarization with travel agency

management and operations including documentation,
selling, transporting, storing, advertising and planning
IV. COURSE travel services; provides hands-on training in computerized
DESCRIPTION reservations, and incorporates key aspects of managing in
computerized reservations and incorporates key aspects of
managing in computerized reservations and incorporates
key aspects of managing corporate travel.
V. MODULE TITLE /
Module 7: Travel Management Cycle
NUMBER
VI. INCLUSIVE WEEK / Week 10 – Week 11

DATE October 19 – 30, 2020
VII. COURSE OUTCOME
A. Learning Outcome: At the end of this module, the students should be able to:
1. Describe the task involved in managing travel arrangements for leisure
travel
2. To plan a trip itinerary using a map, air and other transportation
3. Know the sources fares and rates of travel suppliers
4. To understand the functions of TMC from counter counseling to
Tel. No. 0925-870-1013
assistance to travel documents
VIII. MODULE RESOURCES / REFERENCES
A. Bienvenido G. Claravall, Travel and Tour Operations in the Philippines, 3 rd

Edition, (Philippine Edition published by Accumicro I.I Solutions), 2013
B. 3G E-Learning FZ LLC, Tour and Travel Management, (Digitally Printed at
Replika Press Pvt. Ltd.), 2014
C. Ma. Dolores N. Salamanca and Carolina L. Roces, Travel Services,(printed
by JFS Publishing Services), 2016
D. Romeo D. Lim, DBA, Understanding Travel & Tours Essentials, Revised
Edition(published by Mindshapers Co., Inc.), 2017
IX. TEACHING/LEARNING MODALITY
A. Online Module
B. Power Point Presentation
C. Online Discussion (via ZOOM)
D. Streaming video platforms
E. Question and Answer (via Chat, Message, Email)
X. COURSE CONTENT
CHAPTER 7: TRAVEL MANAGEMENT CYCLE
Introduction
– Is the core of the business operation of a travel agency

– This is where the operation services of the entity should be performed.
– A travel agent should establish a positive relationship with the different
Tel. No. 0925-870-1013
suppliers and intermediaries of the travel products, also as a service provider,

these travel agents should efficiently and effectively deliver the travel products
to its customers.
– The key players in the travel operations department are: the travel manager,
the travel supervisor and documentation supervisor, the travel counsellors or
counter staff, the reservation and ticketing officers , and the liaison officer.
– Some functions of the operation department are Counter Counseling,
Itinerary Planning, Reservation and confirmations, issuance of tickets and
vouchers, assistance on travel documentation.
1. Counter Counselling
– The first step is to obtain all necessary information from the prospective client
and providing suitable recommendation that meets the client’s needs,
preference or fancies; this will enable the preparation of a travel arrangement
proposal and the checking of the proposed suppliers.
Travel Information Slip (TIS) - This slip is prepared by the operations

staff while interviewing the clients to determine the travel needs
Tel. No. 0925-870-1013
– Once the essential travel information is at hand, arrange the preferred

destination cities in the proper sequence- following the itinerary planning rules
– by locating in a map the location of these cities, thereby determining the
first, second and third city to be visited.
– A travel itinerary is arranged by city-pairs, origin to destination, as follows:
 First city-pair - origin city and the first city to be visited;
 Second city - first city and the second city to be visited;
 Third city-pair - second and the third city to be visited;
 Fourth and last city pair - third city and the origin city in the first city-
pair;
– The above is called the trip’s itinerary. The itinerary consists of the convenient
flight or flights or any other transportation mode (road, rail or sea) for each
city-pair.
2. Itinerary Planning
– An itinerary is a travel plan that includes every information like the route of
travel, distance and time taken to travel to a place, means of transport that will
be used, any activities or sightseeing at a particular place for every tourist to
follow while on a tour.
– Freedom of Air - These are a set of commercial aviation rights granting a
country’s airline(s) the privilege to enter and land in another country’s
airspace. This was formulated in the Convention on International Civil
Aviation of 1944, (known as the Chicago Convention).
Freedom Description Example

1st The right to fly over a Manila to Bangkok over-flying
foreign country, without Vietnam Laos or Cambodia
landing there
2nd The right to refuel or carry Manila to Jeddah, with an aircraft
out maintenance in a foreign that needs to be re-fuelled in
Tel. No. 0925-870-1013
country on the way to Bangkok, Thailand

another country
3rd The right to fly from one’s A Philippine carrier carrying
own country to another passenger from manila (or Cebu or
Iloilo) to Hong Kong as a
Philippine company
4th The right to fly from another A Philippine carrier carrying
country to one’s own passengers from HKG to MNL (or
CEB or ILO) as Philippines
company
5th The right to fly between two A Philippine company flies from
foreign countries during Manila to Singapore, picks up
flights while stopping in passengers there, then continues to
one’s own country for non- Sydney
technical reasons
6th The right to fly from a A Philippine company flying
foreign country to another passengers from Hong Kong to
one while stopping in one’s Manila and then to Sydney and
own country for non- vice-versa
technical reason
7th The right to fly between two A European airline (British
foreign countries while not Airways)that offers flights between
offering to one’ own country Canada (Toronto) and the U.S.A.
(New York) without offering any
to Europe (London)
Tel. No. 0925-870-1013
8th The right to fly between two Cathay Pcific flights from Hong
or more airports in a foreign Kong to Davao via Manila
country while continuing
service to one’s own country
9th The right to do traffic within All European airlines may use this
a foreign country without right within the European Union
continuing service to one’s countries
own country
Three types of Itinerary:
 Tourist itinerary - is the one given to every tourist by the tour company for which
they have signed up. It has a basic outline of the tour and what will be done day
wise, hour wise for everyone to follow through.
 Tour conductor's/Manager's itinerary - will have all the details that are on the
tourist's itinerary, but it will also have the minutes details like details of travel
arrangements, contact name and numbers of the people associated with the tour plan,
other tour related formalities, etc.
 Tour Escort's itinerary - is a detailed one giving step-by-step information of the
tour including the time taken to travel, modes of transport taken, accommodation
details, sightseeing details, any tickets needed, list of other essential things to carry
on the tour like water, food, brochures etc., essential contact name and numbers
required on tour etc.
– Flight Itinerary – it is the process in which cities to be visited are arranged in

the desired sequence to conform with the passengers desired plans, starting
from the point of origin to the destination or destination to be visited in the
desired sequence (Claraval, 2013).
– Travel service provider should have knowledge on the different hubs that
serve as the connecting point of the different destination most especially if the
itinerary is composed of different countries commonly known as long haul.
Tel. No. 0925-870-1013
– During the itinerary planning the travel service provider must identify the city
pairs involved:
o Origin / Destination or where a segment begins and where it ends.
Example: Mr. Flow from the Philippines wants to travel to Frankfurt,
Germany. He plans to leave via Ninoy Aquino International Airport in
Manila.
Manila – Frankfurt or MNL - FRA
o Round trip flight usually has two city pairs ex. Manila/Tokyo and
Tokyo/Manila.
– ETD – Estimated time of Departure
– ETA – Estimated time of Arrival
– There are three basic rules to follow:
oRule No. 1 - Avoid Crisscrossing the sector/segments of the

itinerary
- Crisscrossing or going and passing a destination back and fort must
be avoided. This is a waste of time and may spell more expenses for
the travel.
Example:
Crisscrossing - Manila/Bangkok/Hong Kong/Singapore/Manila

Should be - Manila/Hong
Tel. No. 0925-870-1013
Kong/Bangkok/Singapore/Manila or vice-versa
o Rule No. 2 - Avoid backtracking when determining the city-pair.

- Backtracking means to return over the same course or route.
Example:
Backtracking - Manila/New Delhi/Bangkok/Colombo/Manila

Should be - Manila/Bangkok/New Delhi/Colombo/Manila or
vice-versa
o Rule No. 3 – the lesser number of carriers used in the flight selection
the more competitive and better airfare.
Origin City Sector or City- Destination City Option Opti
Official Airline Pair Official Airline 1 on 2
Philippine Manila/Hong Cathay Pacific (CX) PR CX

Airline (PR) Kong
Cathay pacific Hong Thai International (TG) TG CX
(CX) Kong/Bangkok
Thai Bangkok/Singapo Singapore Airlines (SQ) TG SQ
International re
(TG)
Tel. No. 0925-870-1013
Singapore Singapore/Manila Philippine Airlines (PR) PR SQ

Airlines (SQ)
– Understanding the GMT and Local Time

– 24 hour time & Time zones (TZs) - the arrival/departure times of the airlines
are always expressed in local time. There are given the 24-hour time or the
military time wherein time presented in four – digits.
Example:
24-Hour Time 12 Hour Time
AM/PM
0600H 6:00 AM
0945H 9:45 AM
1200H 12:00 NN
1330H 1:30 PM
1659H 4:59 PM
2400H 12:00mdnight
0045H 12:45 AM
0225H 2:25 AM
– Understanding time conversion is also knowing the time zones of the world
– The world has 24 Time zones, 12TZs on the east and 12TZs on the west of the
GMT.
– GMT – Greenwich Meridian Time – is the site of Royal observatory located
near London in the UK.
3. Reservation and Confirmation
– Even before the emergence of E-commerce and the internet, the traditional
way or placing reservation is part of travel services.
– Manual Reservation - This procedure involves direct contact with the
Tel. No. 0925-870-1013
suppliers’ staff by calling through regular phone (office landline) or mobiles

phone. It is considered a more personal and fosters customer-intermediary and
intermediary-supplier business relation.
– When placing a manual reservation with an airline, one should provide the
following information
o Sector/Leg Required – Origin/Destination. Ex. Manila to Singapore or
MNL/SIN.
o Specific Date of Travel – the date that passenger travelling per sector/leg.
o Flight Class and Number – the flight and class preferred by the passenger.
o Passenger Details – Information about the passenger.
– After providing the information above the Airline representative will give
transection status ex. confirmed, waitlisted or unable.
Manual Flight Reservation Dialogue example:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s7_bb10nam4
*****Travel agent should be knowledgeable with the Phonetic Alphabet*****
– Electronic Reservation – the modern way of booking air seats is through the
electronic reservation. This is less personal because there is no direct human
Tel. No. 0925-870-1013
contact. There are several forms of electronic reservation, this can be through:
o Airline Interactive Website
o Travel Web Portals
o GDS (ex. Amadeus)
– Using an Airline Book & buy Website – shown below is the example of Cebu
Pacific Air online flight reservation procedure and e-tickets.
o Step 1 - Search Flight
o Step 2 - Select Flight
o Step 3 - Guest Details
o Step 4 - Add-ons
o Step5 - Payment
o Step 6 - Itinerary Receipt
*****For complete information visit www.v=cebupacificair.com *****
– Flight Reservation using web portals – as leading online travel agency in the
US, Expedia Inc. can be considered as best example of flight reservation using
web portals. Expedia delivers the most comprehensive flights option available
online, it also allows its customers to build complete trips that can combine
flight, accommodation, destination activities, and ground transportation.
o Browse to http://expedia.com to have direct access.
– Using GDS- due to the tremendous growth of travel business yhat leads to
increasing demand for first reliable technology that delivers the efficient and
effective supply of travel services.
o Official Airline Guide a UK- based business providing aviation information
and analytical services sourced from its proprietary airline schedules, flight
status, fleet, and cargo logistics databases. Best known for its airline
schedules database which holds future and historical flight details for more
than 1,000 airlines and over 4,000 airports.
How to read OAG

Tel. No. 0925-870-1013
– Legend:
1. DEPARTURE/ORIGIN CITY – The English spelling of the city of departure
and its airline code and time variation from Greenwich Mean Time (GMT).
2. AIRPORT (APT) – Airport names, code, distance and direction from city
center
- “o” highlights each report at multi-airport cities.
3. ARRIVAL/DESTINATION CITY – Cities served from point of departure by
through or connecting flights.
4. FLIGHT INFORMATION- flights are shown in order of departure time.
5. KEY THROUGH FLIGHT INFORMATION:
6. VALIDITY PERIOD- flight data is valid between the dates shown.
7. DAYS OF SERVICE:
1- Monday 2- Tuesday 3- Wednesday
4- Thursday 5- Friday 6- Saturday
7- Sunday
8. DEPARTURE AND ARRIVAL TIMES – Bold type is used for departure time
Tel. No. 0925-870-1013
from the city of origin and arrival time at the final destination.
The following symbols are used where arrivals is on a day different from that
of departure.
* - following day ++ - third day
Ś – fourth day ¶ - previous day
9. FLIGHT NUMBER – The two alphanumeric letter and/or digits is the airline
code. The flight number follows the airline code.
10.AIRCRAFT TYPE – Abbreviated type of aircraft.
11.CLASS – The classes of service offered.
12.STOPS – The number of intermediaries stops on each flight.
13.TRANSFER CONNECTION INFORMATION
14.FLIGHT NUMBER – The flight operating from city of departure to first
transfer airport
15.TRANSFER CONNECTION AIRPORT – Transfer connection airport code.
16.CONNECTING FLIGHT NUMBERS – These are flight numbers operating
from the origin city to the transfer airport to the destination city.
oAmadeus is the most user friendly GDS fast reliable and open technology
can be availed.
– How to check flight availability in the Amadeus selling platforms
– Availability display- Command: HE AN
AN19SEPMNLBKK to display a neutral availability
An Transaction command for neutral availability
19 SEP Date, DDMMM
MNLBKK City pair
System respond:
Tel. No. 0925-870-1013
AN19SEPMNLBKK
**AMADEUS AVAILABILITY – AN ** BKK BANGKOK. TH | 327 TU 19SEP 0000
**WI WESTIN GRANDE SUKHUMVIT BKK ** HEAVENLY BED IN ALL RMS
** SPA PKG INCL BKFST N 50USD SPA CREDIT-170 USD>HAWIBKK446
1 TG621 C9 D9 Y9 S9 U9 K9 H9 / MNL 1 BKK 1 1420 1635 E0/777 IR 3:15
T9 M9 V9 L9 Q9 W9 I9 N9 GR BR
2 PR:VN 591 Y4 W4 U4 K4 H4 /MNL C2 SGN 0730 0900 0/343
The Following Table
VN 851 Y4 S4 K4 M4Explains
B4 the
/ SGN Availability
BKK Display:5:30
1 1030 1200 0/763
The Following Table Explains the Availability Display:

Component Identifies
** AMADEUS Amadeus system identifier & the type of display
– AN **
BKK Destination city/airport code & name
BANGKOK
.TH Country code & state code of destination city or airport
327 Number of days between the current date & the departure
date
TU 19SEP 2-Letters code for the departure day of the week & the date
0000 Departure time requested in your entry
**WI WESTIN Amadeus instant marketing message
GRANDE
| Availability line number
2 PR: Flight type indicator:
: Code share-Lease blocked space
each of the airlines sells seats from the same aircraft
under its own flight number
• Code share-Wet lease
Tel. No. 0925-870-1013
An airline hires the aircraft & the crew from another

airline & markets the flight under its own 2-Letter airline
code
YY Joint service (where YY is the airline code)
A flight represents a marketing agreement between
two airlines that complete over the same route
VN 591 Airline code and flight number
C9 D9 Y9 S9 Class of service code (max 26 classes) & availability

U9 K9 H9 status:
T9M9 V9 L9 Q9 I-8 exact number of seats
W9 I9 N9 GR 9 Nine or more seats available
BR 0 waitlist open for a leg
L waitlist open for a segment
R seat available on request only
/ Last seat availability indicator which indicates that the seat
count for this flight can be obtained in real time from the
airline’s inventory
MNL I Origin airport code and terminal information
BKK I Destination airport code arrival terminal information
1420 1635 Departure and arrival times in the local time of the
respective cities
E Electronic ticketing indicator
0 Number of stops en route

Tel. No. 0925-870-1013
/ Airline access indicator (see Airline Access Levels

Explanation)
[/] full amadeus access
[.] amadeus access sell
[*] amadeus direct access
[ ] standard access (blank)
777 Aircraft equipment type code
IR Flight irregularity type code:
TR Traffic restriction applies
NEW additional flight
TIM Time change
EQT equipment change
UP connection build up progress
IR general irregularity indicator
DO specific flight information applies
CNL cancelled flight
3:15 Elapsed flying time from origin to destination (HH:MM
format)
To customize your availability, you can add option to any of the availability
entries
Option Use To Display Availability Sample Entry
For
/A A specific airline AN19JUNHRMAD/AIB
/C A specific booking class AN19DECFCOGVA/CY
/X A specific connecting point AN13MAYNCEMIA/XCDG
Tel. No. 0925-870-1013
HHM Flights departing 1 hour before AN18AUGHKGSIN0900

M specified time AN18AUGHKGSIN09A
HA AN18AUGHKGSIN07P
HP
Dual – City Pair Availability

– You can request two availability display is one entry:
AN23SEPMNLHKG/ACX/CQ*26SEPHKGSIN/ASQ/CH
AN Transaction command for neutral availability
23SEP Date, DDMMM
MNLHKG First city pair for outbound flight
/ACX/CQ Specific airline and class (optional)
* Separator (mandatory)
26SEP Date, DDMMM
HKGSIN Second city pair for inbound or onward flight
/ASQ/CH Specific Airline and class (optional)
– Reservation with other Travel Suppliers – Manual, electronic and automated
reservation are also applicable when placing a reservation with other suppliers
of travel product like accommodation, sightseeing tours, cruises, food service ,
land transportation angd others.
– Accommodation Establishments – the following information must be
provided.
o Inclusive Dates of check-in/check-out
o Guest Name and other Guest information
o Room’s breakdown – type of room, room amenities, room location.
o Meals Requirements
o Special Functions/Request
o Special arrangement such as welcome drink, fruit platter/basket in each
room, and other request by the guest
– Manual Hotel Reservation Dialogue example
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N6_VKlya1JA
Tel. No. 0925-870-1013
– Obtaining Confirmation – Placing reservation is the first part and obtaining

confirmation is the second part. Both are equal, because without confirmation
there is no reservation at all.
– Confirmation is the affirmation of the reservation requested from the travel
products supplier.
– The modern way of getting confirmation is through online, which make it
faster and always available for the intermediary person.
1. Issuance of Tickets and Vouchers
– By the time that the reservation and confirmation has been completed, the
issuance of airline tickets or hotel booking vouchers is the final step on
managing reservation process.
– Ticket/Voucher – represents a contract between the supplier and end-user, at
the same time it can be a form of payment to the travel entity.
Sample Electronic Itinerary Receipt
Tel. No. 0925-870-1013
4. Assistance on Travel Documents
– Part of the travel services provided by the travel agency is assistance and
advice for its clients in acquisition and processing of travel document.
– Documents required for leaving the country of origin and documents required
to entry to and exit from the country of destination.
Passport (Philippine Context)
– A Philippine Passport is travel documentation and is a Primary National ID
issued to citizens of the Philippines. It is issued by the Department of Foreign
Affairs and Philippine diplomatic missions abroad, with certain exceptions.
– Under the Republic Act No. 8239, also known as the “Philippine Passport Act
of 1996” a Philippine passport is a document issued by the Philippine
government to its citizens requesting other governments to allow its citizens to
pass freely, and in the case of need to give them lawful aid and protection.
Different Types of Passport

(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_passport)
Tel. No. 0925-870-1013
1. Regular (Maroon)
- A regular passport is issued to any citizen of the Philippines applying
for a Philippine passport. It is the most common type of passport issued
and is used for all travel by Philippine citizens and non-official travel by
Philippine government officials.
2. Official (Red)
- An official passport is issued to members of the Philippine
government for use on official business, as well as employees of
Philippine diplomatic posts abroad who are not members of the
diplomatic service. It is the second of two passports issued to the
President and the Presidential family. As such, this passport does not
extend the privilege of diplomatic immunity. Government officials are
prohibited from using official passports for non-official business, and as
such also have regular passports. This passport has a red cover. This
passport has a validity of 6 months.
3. Diplomatic (Blue)
- A diplomatic passport is issued to members of the Philippine
diplomatic service, members of the Cabinet, service attachés of other
government agencies assigned to Philippine diplomatic posts abroad
and Philippine delegates to international and regional organizations. It is
the first of two passports issued to the President of the Philippines and
the Presidential family. This passport has a dark blue cover and extends
the privilege of diplomatic immunity to the bearer.
VISA
– A visa is a conditional authorization
granted by a country to a noncitizen to
enter and temporarily remain within the
country.
– Visas typically include limits on the
duration of the noncitizen’s stay, territory
within the country they may enter, the
Tel. No. 0925-870-1013
dates they may enter, or the number of permitted visits.

– A visa is commonly stamp endorsed in the applicant’s passport or another
travel document.
– Some countries do not require visas for short visits. Here is the list of the 67
countries where Philippine passport holders can travel visa-free. Places
marked with (*) will be issued a visa on arrival, while those with (**) will be
issued an electronic travel authority upon arrival.
– ASIA
Brunei
Cambodia
Hongkong (SAR China)
Indonesia
Kazakhstan
Kyrgyzstan
Laos
Macao (SAR China)
Malaysia
Maldives
Mongolia
Myanmar
Nepal
Singapore
Sri Lanka **
Taiwan
Tajikistan
Thailand
Timor-Leste
Vietnam
– AFRICA
Tel. No. 0925-870-1013
Cape Verde Islands

Comores Islands
Cote d’Ivoire (Ivory Coast)
Gambia
Guinea-Bissau
Kenya
Malawi
Madagascar
Mauritania
Mauritius
Morocco
Mozambique
Rwanda
Senegal
Seychelles
Somalia
Tanzania
Togo
Uganda
– OCEANIA
Cook Islands
Fiji
Marshall Islands
Micronesia
Niue
Palau Islands
Papua New Guinea
Samoa
Tuvalu *
Vanuatu
Tel. No. 0925-870-1013
– CARIBBEAN
Barbados
Dominica
Haiti
St. Lucia
St. Vincent and the Grenadines
Trinidad and Tobago
– AMERICAS
Bolivia
Brazil
Colombia
Costa Rica
Ecuador
Nicaragua *
Peru
Suriname
– MIDDLE EAST
Armenia
Iran
Israel
Palestinian Territory
Types of Visa
1. Transit Visa -allows a traveler just enough time to pass through a country.
The validity of transit visas is usually limited by short terms such as several
hours to 10 days depending on the size of the country and other
circumstances.
2. Airside Transit Visa – required by some countries for passing through their
Tel. No. 0925-870-1013
airports even without going through passport control

3. Crew member, steward or driver visa – issued to a persons employed or
trained on aircraft, vessel, trains, trucks, buses and any other means of
international transportation, or ships fishing in international waters.
4. Short stay or visitor visa – for h=short visit to the host country. Many
countries differentiated between different reasons for these visits such as:
a. Private Visa – for private visits by invitation of residents of the
country
b. Tourist Visa – foa limited period of leisure, no business activities
allowed.
c. Visa for medical reason – for undertaking diagnostics or a course of
treatment in the host country’s hospitals.
d. Business Visa – for engaging in commerce in the country. These
visas generally preclude permanent employment, for which a work
visa would be required.
e. Official Visa – is granted to officials doing the job for their
governments or otherwise representing their countries in the host
country, such as the personnel of diplomatic missions.
f. Diplomatic Visa – is normally only available to bearers of
diplomatic passports.
Tourist Cards
– Disembarkation Card- filled out in advance of
arrival.
– Embarkation Card- filled out before the
departure and surrendered in immigration.
Airline Tickets
– It is an Airline Reporting Corporation (ARC)
document either handwritten or computer
generated valid transportation by air.
Tel. No. 0925-870-1013
– Three Important Functions of Airline Ticket

o It is the authorization to travel.
o It is an evidence of the fare and amount paid.
o It acts as link between Travel Agency, Airline Reporting Corporation (ARC)
and Airlines
– Three Rules of Airline Ticket

1. Non- Refundable
2. Non- Transferable
3. Non- Re routable
END OF CHAPTER 7

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Suclayin, Arayat, Pampanga

Tel. No. 0925-870-1013

II. COURSE COURSE CODE

This course provides familiarization with travel agency

VI. INCLUSIVE WEEK / Week 10 – Week 11

VII. COURSE OUTCOME

assistance to travel documents

VIII. MODULE RESOURCES / REFERENCES

A. Bienvenido G. Claravall, Travel and Tour Operations in the Philippines, 3 rd

IX. TEACHING/LEARNING MODALITY

CHAPTER 7: TRAVEL MANAGEMENT CYCLE

– Is the core of the business operation of a travel agency

suppliers and intermediaries of the travel products, also as a service provider,

Travel Information Slip (TIS) - This slip is prepared by the operations

– Once the essential travel information is at hand, arrange the preferred

Freedom Description Example

country on the way to Bangkok, Thailand

Three types of Itinerary:

– Flight Itinerary – it is the process in which cities to be visited are arranged in

– There are three basic rules to follow:

oRule No. 1 - Avoid Crisscrossing the sector/segments of the

Crisscrossing - Manila/Bangkok/Hong Kong/Singapore/Manila

o Rule No. 2 - Avoid backtracking when determining the city-pair.

Backtracking - Manila/New Delhi/Bangkok/Colombo/Manila

Philippine Manila/Hong Cathay Pacific (CX) PR CX

Singapore Singapore/Manila Philippine Airlines (PR) PR SQ

– Understanding the GMT and Local Time

3. Reservation and Confirmation

suppliers’ staff by calling through regular phone (office landline) or mobiles

*****Travel agent should be knowledgeable with the Phonetic Alphabet*****

*****For complete information visit www.v=cebupacificair.com *****

How to read OAG

The Following Table Explains the Availability Display:

An airline hires the aircraft & the crew from another

C9 D9 Y9 S9 Class of service code (max 26 classes) & availability

0 Number of stops en route

/ Airline access indicator (see Airline Access Levels

HHM Flights departing 1 hour before AN18AUGHKGSIN0900

Dual – City Pair Availability

– Obtaining Confirmation – Placing reservation is the first part and obtaining

4. Assistance on Travel Documents

Different Types of Passport

dates they may enter, or the number of permitted visits.

Cape Verde Islands

airports even without going through passport control

– Three Important Functions of Airline Ticket

– Three Rules of Airline Ticket

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