OILS & FATS INTERNATIONAL

JUNE 2022 ▪ VOL 38 NO 5

BLEACHING
Optimising
filtration

HVO
Treating
feedstocks
WWW.OFIMAGAZINE.COM

Cover June 2022.indd 1 09/06/2022 08:51:19

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 CONTENTS

OILS & FATS INTERNATIONAL IN THIS ISSUE – JUNE 2022

Bleaching Earths
 FEATURES NEWS & EVENTS
Plant, Equipment & Technology

15 Plant & technology listing

Photo: Adobe Stock

2022
OFI features a fully updated global
selection of plant and equipment
suppliers to the oils and fats industry,
accompanied by a chart of activities

Cover photo: Neste

Bleaching Earths 30 Tackling new contaminants
As food regulations become
increasingly stringent on harmful
contaminants, mineral oil
hydrocarbons (MOHs) could soon
follow a similar course to 3-MCPD
Photo: Adobe Stock

Comment
esters in terms of regulations
2 Bans shake market
Renewable diesel
Ukraine/Russia News

4 Attack on Ukrainian ports

20 Optimising filtration despite talks on exports
Filtration is an important step in
Photo: Adobe Stock

General News
the bleaching process of edible oils
and depends on factors such as oil 6 Indonesia ends temporary
type, bleaching temperature, level of palm oil export ban
impurities, and the type of bleaching
earths and filtration aids used Biofuel News

32 Treating feedstocks 10 Vote to ban soya/palm-based

26 From past to future
HVO can reduce the use of fossil fuels biofuels by 2023
Bleaching earths have evolved from
and recycle waste streams but its
removing primary and second Transport News
production requires efficient, flexible,
oxidation products and undesirable
pigments to playing a key role in the
safe, reliable and sustainable pre- 12 EC proposing logistics rescue
treatment of feedstocks
remediation of dioxins, pesticides, plan for Ukraine
PAHs and 3-MCPDs Biotech News

14 China approves Bioceres

drought-resistant soya
Statistics

36 World statistical data

Diary of Events

37 International events listing

www.ofimagazine.com OFI – JUNE 2022 1

Contents June 2022.indd 1 13/06/2022 14:55:32

 EDITOR'S COMMENT

VOL 38 NO 5
OILS & FATS INTERNATIONAL
EDITORIAL:
Editor: Serena Lim
serenalim@quartzltd.com
+44 (0)1737 855066
Assistant Editor: Gill Langham
gilllangham@quartzltd.com
+44 (0)1737 855157
Bans shake market Indonesia’s surprise decision on 28 April to ban exports of
JUNE 2022
crude and refined palm oil products shook a global vegetable
oil market already struggling with shortages of sunflower oil
resulting from the Russia-Ukraine war.
Palm oil is both the largest volume and most exported vegetable
oil in the world (some 77M tonnes and 50M tonnes respec-
tively), while Indonesia accounts for the most production and
exports of this oil (59% and 56% respectively).

SALES: The temporary export ban was introduced as the country strug-
gled to control soaring cooking oil prices against a backdrop of mounting civil unrest.
Sales Manager: Mark Winthrop-Wallace
markww@quartzltd.com
+44 (0)1737 855114 There have been a raft of changing policies in Indonesia since January – from subsidies
on packaged and bulk cooking oil; to domestic sales obligations for crude palm oil (CPO)
Sales Consultant: Anita Revis
exporters; to raised palm oil export levies and taxes. The government even widened its
anitarevis@quartzltd.com
+44 (0)1737 855068
palm oil export ban from just refined, bleached and deodorised (RBD) palm olein to CPO
and other refined products only one day after its initial announcement.
PRODUCTION:
Production Editor: Carol Baird The ban – put in place until the domestic bulk cooking oil price dropped to 14,000 ru-
carolbaird@quartzltd.com piah (US$0.96)/litre – was reversed on 23 May as small-scale farmers started to receive
less money for their oil palm fresh fruits and stocks built up in storage facilities for a crop
CORPORATE: that needs to be processed immediately after harvest.
Managing Director: Tony Crinion
tonycrinion@quartzltd.com The domestic market still remains a priority as the Indonesian government reinstated its
+44 (0)1737 855164
domestic market obligation and price schemes to ensure continued supplies of cooking
SUBSCRIPTIONS: Jack Homewood
oil (see p6).
subscriptions@quartzltd.com
+44 (0)1737 855028 Indonesia’s problems are an illustration of the rising food prices and supply deficits being
Subscriptions, Quartz House, 20 Clarendon Road, felt by countries around the world – especially in developing nations which have seen
Redhill, Surrey RH1 1QX, UK their currencies depreciate in recent months.
© 2022, Quartz Business Media
ISSN 0267-8853
These problems call into question biofuels which may still utilise food feedstocks.

WWW.OFIMAGAZINE.COM “We’re going to see more pressure on countries to reduce their biodiesel and renewable
diesel mandates,” says chief commodities economist at StoneX Financial, Arlan Suderman
(see also p10).
A member of FOSFA

Oils & Fats International (USPS No: 020-747) is In addition, as the war in Ukraine continues, “there is a growing likelihood that food
published eight times/year by Quartz Business shortages, particularly of grains and vegetable oils, will become acute, leading more
Media Ltd and distributed in the USA by DSW, countries to turn to trade restrictions,” the International Food Policy Research Institute
75 Aberdeen Road, Emigsville PA 17318-0437.
(IFPRI) said in an April report.
Periodicals postage paid at Emigsville, PA.
POSTMASTER: Send address changes to Oils & Fats
c/o PO Box 437, Emigsville, PA 17318-0437 As well as Indonesia, the IFPRI lists some of the countries which have restricted or
banned cereal and oilseed exports including:
Published by Quartz Business Media Ltd
Quartz House, 20 Clarendon Road,
Redhill, Surrey RH1 1QX, UK
• Argentina (soyabean oil and meal, through 31 December 2023)
oilsandfats@quartzltd.com • Algeria (pasta, wheat derivatives and vegetable oil, through 31 December)
+44 (0)1737 855000 • Egypt (vegetable oil, corn, wheat, wheat flour and pasta, through 12 June)
• Russia (sunflowerseed, wheat, rye, barley and corn, through 30 June)
Printed by Pensord Press, Gwent, Wales

The coming summer looks to be one of rising food prices, with all the economic, political,
and social consequences this brings.

@oilsandfatsint Oils & Fats International Serena Lim

serenalim@quartzltd.com

2 OFI – JUNE 2022 www.ofimagazine.com

Comment June 2022.indd 1 09/06/2022 08:48:44

 UKRAINE/RUSSIA NEWS
IN BRIEF
UKRAINE: Ukraine exported
140,071 tonnes of sun-
flowerseeds from 1 May-15
May, bringing total exports
since the beginning of the
marketing year to a record
311,711 tonnes, due to low-
er demand from domestic
crushers and low local
prices prompting traders to
increase exports, AgriCensus
wrote on 18 May.
However, the volumes
reported by customs did
not reflect exact volumes
transported due to lengthy
queues at the country's bor-
ders and along the Danube
River delaying delivery, the
report said. The main buyers
included Bulgaria, Romania,
Hungary and Turkey.
The US Department of
Agriculture forecasts that
Ukrainian sunflowerseed
exports would total around
350,000 tonnes by the end
of the 2021/22 season.
RUSSIA: The export duty on
sunflower oil was set to in-
crease by US$152.80/tonne
– or 41% – to US$525/
tonne from 1 June, AgriCen-
sus reported on 4 May.
The duty was based on
a floating index that valued
sunflower oil at US$1,750/
tonne.
The export duty on sun-
flower meal would increase
by 9% to US$105/tonne,
with both fees in place until
the publication of an update,
AgriCensus wrote.
RUSSIA/UKRAINE: Follow-
ing anecdotal evidence from
the United Nations that
Russian troops were seizing
Ukrainian harvests – includ-
ing wheat, barley and rye
– the Ukrainian Ministry of
Defence’s intelligence arm
has said that Russian ships
carrying stolen Ukrainian
grain had reached the
Mediterranean Sea and were
likely to be heading to Syria,
where it could be supplied
to other Middle East coun-
tries, Fortune reported on
12 May.
4 OFI – JUNE 2022
General News June 2022.indd 2
Attack on Ukrainian port
despite talks on exports
Photo: Adobe Stock
Russian president Vladimir Putin has said that he
is prepared to allow “unhindered” grain exports
from Ukraine ports in coordination with Turkey,
Reuters reported on 30 May from a Kremlin
account of talks between Putin and Turkish
president Tayyip Erdogan.
However, a Russian attack on silos at the
Ukrainian port of Mykolaiv has raised doubts on
the likelihood that Russia will allow Ukrainian crop
exports, according to a 6 June AgriCensus report.
"Traders are losing confidence Russia will live
up to their expectations to allow Ukraine to ex-
port grain, after two warehouses with sunflower
meal at Nikatera were hit by a rocket over the
weekend," Terry Reilly, senior grain and oilseed
commodity analyst at Futures International, said.
With prices of grain, cooking oil, fertiliser and
energy soaring since Russia's invasion of Ukraine
Crop forecasts as sowing nears end
Ukraine's spring crop sowing campaign reached
12.64M ha or 89% of the planned area as of
26 May, AgriCensus reported the country's
agriculture ministry as saying.
Further progress was expected to be limited
with about a third of the area normally available
to Ukrainian farmers – some 12M ha – inac-
cessible due to occupation by Russian troops,
close proximity of farmland to hostilities,
landmines in fields and damaged artillery, tanks
and other material in liberated territories, the
26 May report said.
With spring sowing coming to an end, it was
possible to make estimates on the potential
harvest for 2022, AgriCensus wrote.
The Ukrainian Club of Agrarian Business
(UCAB) forecast that this year, Ukraine could
harvest close to 50M tonnes of grain and 16M
tonnes of oilseeds, specifically:
• Wheat: 18M tonnes (against 32.2M tonnes
in 2021)
on 24 February, the United Nations (UN) says
a global food crisis is deepening and is trying to
broker a deal to unblock Ukraine's grain exports,
according to the Reuters report.
“During the discussion of the situation in
Ukraine, emphasis was placed on ensuring
safe navigation in the Black and Azov seas and
eliminating the mine threat in their waters,” the
Kremlin reportedly said of the talks between
Putin and Erdogan.
Putin, according to the Kremlin account, had
added that if sanctions against Russia were lifted,
it would allow Russia to “export significant vol-
umes of fertilisers and agricultural products.”
It was not immediately clear which Ukrainian
ports Putin was speaking about, Reuters wrote.
Ukraine's main grain export ports include Chor-
nomorsk, Mykolaiv, Odesa, Kherson and Yuzhny.
Erdogan said that Turkey was ready to sup-
port any peace efforts between Ukraine and
Russia, and was prepared to take on the role of
third-party observer to ensure that any agree-
ment was followed by both sides, once reached.
Against this backdrop, the UN and the Russian
government have had “constructive discussions”
aimed at increasing grain and fertiliser exports
from Russia to global markets, Reuters reported
UN spokesperson Stephane Dujarric as saying.
UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterresis is
trying to broker what he calls a “package deal” to
resume both Ukrainian food exports and Russian
food and fertiliser exports, according to Reuters.
• Corn: 25.7M tonnes (42.1M tonnes in 2021)
• Barley: 5.2M tonnes (9.4M tonnes in 2021)
• Other grain crops: 1.4M tonnes (2.3M tonnes
in 2021)
• Sunflower: 10.6M tonnes (6.4M tonnes in
2021)
• Soyabeans: 3M tonnes (3.5M tonnes 2021)
• Rapeseed: 2.7M tonnes (2.9M tonnes in
2021)
"Soyabean and rapeseed show the lowest
gross harvest reduction due to the relatively
small weight of the crop combined with a high
price, which facilitates logistics in exports," said
Svitlana Lytvyn, a Ukraine-based analyst at
UCAB. "Therefore, some farmers have in-
creased these crops."
However, total gross harvest would be
reduced due to a lower sown area and reduced
yields resulting from less fertilisers, and other
yield inputs.
www.ofimagazine.com
13/06/2022 15:05:42
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 NEWS
Indonesia ends temporary palm oil export ban
Indonesia ended its palm oil export ban on
23 May, following its shock announcement
a month earlier that it would temporarily
halt exports of crude and refined palm oil;
refined, bleached and deodorised (RBD)
palm olein; palm oil mill effluent (POME)
and used cooking oil.
The ban was introduced on 26 April as
the country struggled to control soaring
cooking oil prices against a backdrop of
mounting civil unrest.
Indonesian chief economics minister Air-
langga Hartarto said at a press conference
on 20 May that as well as lifting the ban, the
government would reinstate its Domestic
Market Obligation (DMO) and Domestic
Price Obligation schemes to ensure contin-
ued supply of domestic cooking oil.
Hartarto said the government was
looking to set a DMO of 10M tonnes of
cooking oil, with 8M tonnes for domestic
consumption and reserves of 2M tonnes.
The state food procurement agency
Bulog would also set up a buffer stock of
cooking oil at 10% of domestic demand.
A Reuters report on 25 May said that
palm oil producers' mandatory domestic
sales volume would be based on their
refining capacity, with producers and
exporters also required to participate in the
government’s bulk cooking oil programme.
The Indonesia Palm Oil Association
(GAPKI) said some aspects of the DMO
would also be determined by other rules,
such as the technical procedure to calcu-
late the volume of the DMO. The industry
was still waiting for the government to an-
nounce those rules and no export permits
had been issued yet, GAPKI added.
Meanwhile, the government plans to
audit all palm oil companies operating in
the country and require them to move
their headquarters onshore amid efforts to
improve governance of the sector, senior
cabinet minister Luhut Pandjaitan said.

China lifts ban on canola imports from Canada

The Chinese government has
lifted its ban on canola imports
from two of Canada’s largest
exporters, three years after it
suspended their licences amid
escalating tensions between
the two countries, The Globe
and Mail reported on 18 May.
A statement from Global
Affairs Canada on 18 May
said that China had advised
Canada of its decision to re-
instate the licences of Viterra
and Richardson International,
which had been banned since
March 2019.
Prior to the 2019 ban, China
– the world’s largest cano-
la importer – had imported
US$2.8bn/year worth of
canola from Canada, The Globe
and Mail wrote.
The ban was imposed at a
time of heightened tensions
between China and Cana-
da. In late 2018, China had
denounced Canada for its
China is the world's largest canola importer
move to arrest and autho-
rise extradition proceedings
against Huawei chief financial
officer Meng Wanzhou. The
move was followed by China’s
arrest of two Canadians,
Michael Kovrig and Michael
Spavor, who were accused of
espionage-related offences.
All three were released last
was welcomed by Canola
Council of Canada president
Jim Everson. “This is a positive
step forward, restoring full
trade in canola with China
and ensuring that all Canadian
exporters are treated equally
by the Chinese administration,”
Photo: Adobe Stock he said.
The ban had cost the
industry between US$1.5bn
and US$2.3bn between March
2019 and August 2020, the
trade organisation said.
In late 2019, Canada had
taken the case to the World
Trade Organization (WTO).
September. The WTO set up a dispute
At the time of the initial ban, resolution panel in 2021.
China cited quality concerns as In its submission to the
the reason behind it, claiming WTO at the time, China said
its inspectors had found pests “the measures were imposed
in samples. However, the to the extent necessary to
move was widely regarded as protect human, animal or plant
retaliation for Canada’s actions life or health and in a trans-
against Wanzhou. parent and non-discriminatory
China’s lifting of the ban manner.”

India allows duty-tree imports of crude soya, sun oils

The government of India will allow
duty-free imports of 2M tonnes of both
crude soyabean oil and crude sunflower
oil for the current and next fiscal year to
March 2024 in a bid to control local prices,
according to a 24 May Reuters report.
Prior to the announcement on 24 May,
trade and government officials had said
India could cut an import tax on crude
soyabean oil and crude sunflower oil.
Traders now needed to seek their import
quota from the government, Reuters wrote.
India – the world’s top importer of
edible oils – had previously abolished the
basic import tax on crude palm oil, crude
soyabean oil and crude sunflower oil, but
continued with a 5% tax known as the
Agriculture Infrastructure and Develop-
ment Cess (AIDC) on the three grades of
edible oils.
Industry body, the Solvent Extractors'
Association of India, had requested the
government to also consider cutting or
abolishing the 5% AIDC on crude palm oil,
the report said.
India, which imports more than two-
thirds of its edible oil needs, has been
struggling to control local edible oil prices
in recent months, according to the report,
with Russia’s invasion of Ukraine and the
resulting shortage of edible oils making it
even more difficult for the government to
contain prices.

6 OFI – JUNE 2022 www.ofimagazine.com

General News June 2022.indd 3 13/06/2022 15:05:47

 NEWS

Rainforest destruction still widespread

The destruction of rainforests remained
widespread last year, according to new
data from the University of Maryland re-
ported by the World Resources Institute’s
Global Forest Review.
Tree cover totalling 11.1M ha was lost in
the tropics last year.
The loss of 3.75M ha of tree cover in
tropical primary rainforests – areas of
critical importance for carbon storage and
biodiversity – was of particular concern,
the report said.
Over 40% of deforestation – a total
of 1.5M ha – took place in Brazil last
year and, as in previous years, persistent
high rates continued in the Democratic
Republic of the Congo, where almost
500,000ha of primary forest was lost due
to the expansion of small-scale agricul-
ture and tree harvesting to meet energy
demands.
In contrast, primary forest loss dropped
in Indonesia for the fifth consecutive year,
falling by 25% compared to 2020. New
research showed that deforestation linked
to palm oil is at a 20-year low with No De-
forestation, No Peat and No Exploitation
(NDPE) commitments now covering 83%
of palm oil refining capacity in Indonesia
and Malaysia. In addition, the Roundtable
on Sustainable Palm Oil had tightened sus-
tainable certification requirements in 2018
to prohibit deforestation and peatland
clearing, the report said.
Deforestation would need to decline at
a much faster rate to meet 2030 zero-de-
forestation targets, the Global Forest Re-
view wrote, and although Indonesia’s rapid
decrease in primary forest loss should be
acknowledged as a major achievement,
achieving similar declines around the world
would not be straightforward.

Cubiq Foods
to scale up with
Cargill funds
Spanish alternative fat company
Cubiq Foods announced on 9 May
that it had raised a total of €5.75M
(US$6M) in funding from four inves-
tors, including global agribusiness
giant Cargill.
Cubiq Foods said the investments
would allow it to expand commercial
and production operations in North
America and Europe and to launch
new products. Cargill’s investment
was the first step in a partnership
that included a product development
plan and an agreement to market
and sell Cubiq Foods’ products.
Last year, Cubiq Foods launched
Go!Drop, a plant-based fat replace-
ment which could be used as an
alternative to animal fats in pro-
cessed meat products, dairy deriva-
tives, bakery products, confectionery
and saturated vegetable fats (such as
coconut oil) in vegan food products.
Later this year, Cubiq Foods said
it would be launching Go!Mega3, a
micro-encapsulated omega-3 prod-
uct and, early next year, it would be
launching its first cultivated fat-
based ingredient for food applica-
tions in the US market.
“Our strategic partnership with
Cubiq will help us better serve our
customers by accelerating the devel-
opment of plant-based alternatives,”
said Vivek Cherian, meat and dairy
alternatives category leader for
edible oils at Cargill.
The other investors apart from
Cargill were Moira Capital Partners,
SGEIC and Newtree Impact.
www.ofimagazine.com OFI – JUNE 2022 7

General News June 2022.indd 4 13/06/2022 15:05:47

 NEWS
IN BRIEF
MEXICO: US confectionery
and snacks giant Mon-
delēz International is set
to acquire leading Mexican
confectionery company Ri-
colino from baked products
firm Grupo Bimbo.
Mondelēz International,
the owner of Oreo cookies
and Cadbury chocolate, said
the US$1.3bn acquisition
would double the size of its
business in Mexico.
With four manufacturing
facilities, Ricolino produces
and distributes a range of
lollipops, marshmallows,
chocolates and other con-
fectionery products under
the Ricolino, Vero, La Coro-
na and Coronado brands.
“This acquisition will more
than triple our routes to
market [in Mexico]," Mon-
delēz International chairman
and CEO Dirk Van de Put
said on 25 April.
The deal follows Mon-
delēz's completed acquisi-
tion of Chipita Global SA,
a leading cake and pastries
firm in Central and Eastern
Europe, in January.
Argentine farmers shift to
soya due to fertiliser prices
Farmers in Argentina are shifting from cereal crops
to soyabeans amid rising fertiliser prices, World
Grain reported from a United States Department
of Agriculture (USDA) report on 29 April.
With soyabeans requiring less fertiliser than
some other crops, Argentine farmers are ex-
pected to plant 17M ha to produce 51M tonnes
of soyabeans in the marketing year 2022/23,
according to the Global Agricultural Information
Network (GAIN) report from the USDA’s Foreign
Agricultural Service (FAS).
The USDA projected soyabean planted area to
increase by 650,000ha, or 4%, from its adjusted
estimate for 2021/22, while total production
was expected to increase by 24%. The 41M
Le Creuset warns against cooking with olive oil
tonne crop in 2021/22 was heavily impacted by
drought.
“While this forecast (for 2022/23) assumes
a return to normal weather, some analysts are
predicting a possible third year of La Niña, a
weather pattern that traditionally leads to drier
growing conditions in Argentina,” the USDA said.
“The increase in planted area will largely come at
the expense of corn acreage, which is expected
to fall in response to high fertiliser costs and the
need for crop rotation in some places.”
Crushing volumes in 2022/23 crush are expect-
ed to reach 41.5M tonnes, up 6.7% from the US-
DA’s revised 2021/22 forecast, due to a recovery
in domestic production and soyabean imports.
newspapers, Le Creuset
warned its customers “to
avoid using olive oil” while
recommending oils with
a higher smoke point like
rapeseed oil, coconut oil and
sunflower oil.
“Olive oil has a very low
smoke point, and this can
form a brownish film on the
Photo: Adobe Stock

CANADA: A partnership be- pan (burnt oil), creating a

tween plant-based protein
company Burcon Nutra-
Science and cold-pressed
virgin oil processor Pristine
Gourmet is set to develop
protein ingredients from
sunflowerseed.
Sunflower’s neutral colour
and taste, along with its lack
of allergens, made it ideal
for the development of new
plant-based ingredients,
co-investor Protein Indus-
tries Canada said on 26
April. Canadian sunflower
protein was currently used
mainly in livestock feed and
pet food, it said.
Burcon and Pristine Gour-
met would evaluate protein
extraction techniques and
processes; measure the
protein differences between
different sunflower meals;
test protein samples in food
applications; and scale up
the preferred processing
method into a pilot plant.
barrier between the food and
the pan."
Mark Greenaway, a chef,
told The Telegraph that olive
oil should only ever be used
Leading French cookware that its frying pans and woks in finishing a dish. "If you cook
maker Le Creuset has warned should not be used to cook with it, the smoke point is so
customers not to cook with with olive oil as they could low it removes the Teflon [a
olive oil, Olive Oil Times re- shorten their durability. brand name for the chemi-
ported on 3 May. According to a report that cal, polytetrafluoroethylene]
The company answered a first appeared in the Daily from non-stick pans or ‘burns’
customer complaint by stating Mail and later in The Telegraph traditional pans.”
Darling to acquire Brazil's FASA Group
US renderer and renewable diesel producer bigger role in world meat production, making it
Darling Ingredients has announced it is set to a premier location for rendering growth,” Darling
acquire Brazil’s largest independent rendering Ingredients chairman and CEO Randall C Stuewe
company FASA Group. said.
The BRL2.8bn (US$560M) cash acquisition “FASA will also supplement Darling Ingredi-
was due to close by the end of this year, subject ent's global supply of waste fats.”
to customary conditions, the company said. Darling Ingredients operates 250 plants in
With 14 rendering plants and two more under 17 countries and repurposes nearly 10% of
construction, FASA Group has a processing the world's meat industry waste streams into
capacity of more than 1.3M tonnes/year. value-added products, such as green energy,
“Brazil is a leader in global agricultural com- renewable diesel, collagen, fertiliser, animal pro-
modities growth and is expected to take on a teins and meals, and pet food ingredients.

8 OFI – JUNE 2022 www.ofimagazine.com

General News June 2022.indd 5 13/06/2022 15:05:51

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 BIOFUEL NEWS
IN BRIEF
GERMANY: The govern-
ment’s environment ministry
is working on a proposal to
phase out the use of biofu-
els produced from food and
feed crops by 2030, Argus
Media wrote on 17 May.
A working paper released
by the ministry proposed
lowering the use of crop-
based biofuels to comply
with Germany’s greenhouse
gas (GHG) emission reduc-
tion quota to 2.5% in 2023,
from 4.4% this year.
The cap would subse-
quently fall to 2.3% in 2024,
2.1% in 2025, 1.9% in
2026/27, 1.2% in 2028/29
and then to zero the fol-
lowing year. To offset the
reduction, the working paper
suggested increasing the
multiplier for electricity used
to charge e-cars to four,
from three currently, and
the multiplier for the use of
green hydrogen and PtX-fu-
els to three, from two.
In addition, the cap for
waste-based biodiesel pro-
duced from used cooking
oils (UCO) and animal fats
could be lifted slightly, but
no numbers were given in
Vote to ban soya/palm-
based biofuels by 2023
The European Parliament’s and should largely be excluded proposed amendments by the
environment committee (ENVI) from counting towards renew- ENVI and ITRE would have
has voted to limit crop-based able energy targets, the report to be approved by the Parlia-
biofuels to no more than half said. ment’s plenary after the sum-
the share of total biofuel use The ENVI committee made mer break, EU Bioenergy said.
in transport and to phase out the announcements on 16 May Meanwhile, the European
palm and soya-based biofuels as part of its revision of the Council was also considering
by 2023, EU Bioenergy reported Renewable Energy Directive amendments to the RED, with
on 18 May. (RED). the final outcome of the tria-
The committee also voted for The EU Parliament’s ITRE logue process – where Parlia-
an amendment recommending (energy) committee will also ment and Council need to agree
that primary woody biomass propose its own amendments a final compromise – expected
should no longer be subsidised to the RED this month. Any late this year at the earliest.
One-fifth of European biofuels from UCO
Nearly one-fifth of all European biofuels is
now made from used cooking oil (UCO), which
has also witnessed the most absolute growth
compared with any other biomass-based diesel
feedstock in Europe and North America in the
last few years, the ACI Oleofuels 2022 confer-
ence heard on 18-19 May in France.
Globally, 6.6M tonnes of UCO biofuels were
consumed last year, representing 5% of the to-
tal biofuels market, Cornelius Claeys, manager
(biofuels) at Stratas Advisors, said. “Alternative
waste feedstocks and low carbon production
pathways need to be scaled up,” he added.

the working paper.
The proposals were crit-
icised by German biofuels
association VDB, which said
a reduction of the propor-
tion of biofuels was not
needed as ethanol produc-
ers generally used grain that
was unsuitable for the food
sector, and biodiesel pro-
ducers had already cut back
their production in favour of
food production.
PANAMA: Bioenergy
products development firm
SGP BioEnergy said on 18
May that it is set to develop
a hydrotreated vegetable
oil (HVO) and sustainable
aviation fuel (SAF) facility
in Panama. Due to become
operational in five years, the
Biorefineria Ciudad Dorada
plant in Colon and Balboa
would produce 180,000
barrels/day of biofuel.
10 OFI – JUNE 2022 

In the medium to long-term, Claeys said he
expected the Russia-Ukraine conflict to accel-
erate energy transition in the EU.
Thomas Balle, industry technology specialist
at Novozymes, said EU legislation would drive
demand of waste-based and advanced biodiesel.
Russia-Ukraine war stalls EU biofuels
Rising food and fuel costs, pushed up by the crisis
in Ukraine, are pushing several EU countries to
freeze or lower 2022-2023 low-carbon blending
mandates for transportation fuels, according to
Cornelius Claeys at Stratas Advisors, writing on
energypost.eu on 23 May.
In Finland, the 2022 and 2023 blending obli-
gations were reduced by 7.5 percentage points.
Swedish lawmakers were consider freezing 2023
obligations at 2022 levels while in Norway, gov-
ernment discussions were ongoing to undertake
similar measures.
“These Nordic countries can afford to reduce
their blending mandates while still complying
with EU directives,” Claeys wrote.
Germany and Belgium may reduce the allowed
contribution of crop-based biofuels towards
Photo: Neste
Used cooking oil is now the feedstock for nearly a
fifth of biofuels produced in Europe
blending mandates, which would risk undercom-
pliance with EU directives. Central and Eastern
Europe would also risk under-compliance if they
directly reduced blending mandates but some
countries planned to do so anyway. “In the case
of Croatia, penalties for fuel suppliers that do
not meet obligations will be waived,” Claeys said.
If all the eight countries mentioned implement-
ed their plans, there could be a reduction of up
to 2bn litres of biofuel demand in 2023, ironically
increasing fossil fuel demand, just as discussion
was ongoing to ban EU imports of Russian oil and
refined products by the end of the year.
The USA, in contrast, was strengthening bio-
fuel incentives by allowing year-round E15 use,
with a philosophy that a higher share of ethanol
would reduce the price per gallon of gasoline.
www.ofimagazine.com

Biofuel news June 2022.indd 2 13/06/2022 09:17:03

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www.ofimagazine.com OFI – JUNE 2022 11

 TRANSPORT NEWS
IN BRIEF
UKRAINE: The operators of
a key Black Sea canal tempo-
rarily halted vessels moving
towards the Danube River
ports of Reni, Izmail and Gi-
urgiulesti in a bid to reduce
a huge backlog, AgriCensus
reported on 11 May.
Sulina Canal links the
shallow water Ukrainian Iz-
mail and Reni ports, and the
Romanian port of Giurgiul-
esti, with Black Sea export
facilities. The canal had
reported a major increase
in activity following Russia’s
invasion of Ukraine as it is a
key link in moving Ukrainian
agricultural produce.
Ukraine has been restrict-
ed to loading coaster-sized
vessels at Izmail and Reni
as Russia has blockaded its
deep sea ports.
EC proposing logistics
rescue plan for Ukraine
The European Commission (EC) has plans to
set up ‘Solidarity Lanes’ to ensure Ukraine can
export grain and oilseeds and import essential
goods, including humanitarian aid, animal feed
and fertilisers, World Grain wrote on 13 May.
Following Russia’s invasion of Ukraine on
24 February and its blockage of Ukrainian ports,
grains and other agricultural exports have been
unable to reach their destinations.
Around 20M tonnes of grain need to leave
Ukraine in less than three months using Euro-
pean Union (EU) infrastructure, according to
Commissioner for Transport Adina Valean.
Thousands of railway wagons and trucks are
waiting for clearance on the Ukrainian side, with
the average waiting time for railcars currently 16
days, but up to 30 days at some borders. Further
quantities of grain are still stored and held back
in Ukrainian silos ready for export.
Challenges include different rail gauge widths,
with Ukrainian railway wagons not compatible
with most of the EU rail network, meaning most
goods need to be trans-shipped to trucks or rail-
way wagons that match the EU standard gauge.
Short-term actions to address the obstacles
and set up “Solidarity Lanes” would include
calling on EU market players to urgently make
additional freight rolling stock, vessels and trucks
available. To match supply and demand and es-
tablish relevant contacts, the commission said it
would set up a match-making logistics platform.
The commission also called on market players
to urgently transfer mobile grain loaders to the
relevant border terminals to speed up trans-ship-
ment. A road transport agreement with Ukraine
would also remove bottlenecks.

UKRAINE: Ukraine could

face a storage shortfall of
up to 20M tonnes due to
damage to the domestic
silo network, AgriCensus
reported on 19 May. Total
pre-war domestic storage
capacity was an estimated
57-60M tonnes but large
carryover of stocks from the
2021/22 marketing year
New marine fuel piloted in Scandinavia
Renewable diesel producer
Neste said on 17 May that it
is piloting a new co-processed
marine fuel in Scandinavia with
Nordic Marine Oil to help the
maritime sector reduce green-
house gas emissions.
The company said the ship-
ping industry accounted for

Photo: Adobe Stock

due to Ukraine’s inability to
export crops, and a decent
crop forecast for this year,
were forcing producers to
turn to non-traditional stor-
age methods at inland silos,
including using silo bags.
UKRAINE: A total of 61,007
tonnes of vegetable oils
were exported by rail from
Ukraine between 1-27 April,
AgriCensus reports. Izov was
the busiest border point,
taking the highest volumes
of vegetable oils through
the Polish border. Around
19,000 tonnes of vegetable
oils also passed through
Batyevo on the Hungarian
border, while 4,096 tonnes
went through the Moldavian
border points of Mohyliv-Po-
dilskyi and Sokyriany. Lower
volumes went through the
Romanian border points of
Vadul-Siret and Dyakovo.
90% of world trade and 13%
of global transport emissions,
The co-processed marine
fuel would be produced at
Neste’s refinery in Porvoo,
Finland, where renewable raw
materials are co-processed
with fossil raw materials. The
drop-in fuel would be available
at key ports across Denmark
from Nordic Marine Oil, which
specialises in the supply of
bunker fuels and lubricating oil
to the shipping industry.
• A collaboration between
Cargill buys land at port for crushing plant
Canada’s Saskatchewan
province has sold land at its
inland port to global agribusi-
ness giant Cargill for a canola
crushing plant, the Saskatoon
Star Phoenix reports.
The Global Transportation
Hub (GTH) authority in Regina,
Shipping accounts for 13% of global transport emissions
Neste, French fuel suppli-
er Altens and pipeline firm
TRAPIL delivered up to 3.5M
litres of hydrotreated vege-
table oil (HVO) by pipeline in
France, Neste announced on 2
April. The HVO was delivered
Saskatchewan – one of Cana-
da’s inland ports – sold the land
to Cargill for US$38M, accord-
ing to the 6 April report.
Cargill announced plans
for the new 1M tonnes/year
canola plant last April, saying it
expected to begin construction
from Le Havre to Gennevil-
liers, near Paris, where Altens
stores its products for the
region. The delivery took less
than 48 hours to complete
and replaced 110 truck deliv-
eries, Neste said.
this year with plans to become
operational by early 2024.
Alongside plans for the
US$350M Regina canola plant,
Cargill said it would also be
updating its canola facilities in
Camrose and Clavet to increase
production.

12 OFI – JUNE 2022 www.ofimagazine.com

Transport news May 2022.indd 2 13/06/2022 15:02:46

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www.ofimagazine.com OFI – JUNE 2022 13

 BIOTECH NEWS
IN BRIEF
USA: Perdue AgriBusiness
announced on 10 May that
China approves Bioceres
it had entered an agreement
in which it will raise more
sustainable poultry through
improved soya genetics and
drought-resistant soya
China has approved the import and use of authorised the HB4 strain only for growth and
feed quality using Zeakal’s
Argentine biotechnology firm Bioceres Crop consumption in 2015.
PhotoSeed trait technology.
Solutions’s drought-resistant soyabean strain. “HB4 Soy is now approved for unrestricted
Biotech firm Zeakal said
Bioceres said in a 29 April statement that growth and commercialisation in the United
its technology had been de-
China’s Agriculture Ministry had approved the States, Canada, Brazil, Argentina and Paraguay,
veloped to increase photo-
import and use as a raw material of soyabeans all together representing roughly 85% of the
synthetic capacity, convert-
produced using its drought tolerance technology global soybean trade,” Bioceres said.
ing more CO2 and sunlight
HB4. “Before, there was a commercial risk that
into energy for the plant. In
According to a Bloomberg report, HB4 is the maybe the product would be rejected in China,”
soyabeans, this had resulted
first drought-resistant soyabean available to Bioceres CEO Federico Trucco. “Now, the ap-
in improved oil and protein
farmers and the endorsement from the world’s proval allows our sale process to escalate.”
content while improving the
largest consumer of soyabeans paves its way for Bioceres sees a total potential market for HB4
sustainability index of the
entry into a key market. of 20M-25M ha in Argentina, Brazil and the
crop, Zeakal said.
HB4 had already been approved for growth USA, mostly in areas more affected by weath-
Perdue is a leading
and commercialisation in Brazil, Canada, er extremes, such as La Niña in Argentina and
poultry producer and
Paraguay and the USA, while Argentina had Brazil’s south, Bloomberg wrote.
soyabean processor and
has more than 75M bushels
of storage, a deep-water
port, trans-loading facilities,
oilseed crushing operations,
Bunge and CoverCress launch new crop
an edible oil refinery and Global agribusiness giant
protein blend mills. Bunge and US pennycress
start-up CoverCress Inc (CCI)
EU: The European Com- have announced the launch
mission (EC) approved two of a new winter oilseed crop
genetically engineered (GE) that fits into existing corn and
crops – one for soyabean soyabean rotations.
and one for corn/maize – A long-term commercial
for food and animal feed relationship between the two
on 19 May, the Foreign companies would support the

Photo: Adobe Stock

Agricultural Service (FAS) of
the United States Depart-
ment of Agriculture (USDA)
wrote.
Following publication in
the European Union’s (EU)
Official Journal on 20 May,
the authorisations remain
valid for 10 years and are
applicable to food and feed
for import and processing,
with all products subject to
the EU's strict labelling and
traceability rules.
expansion of CCI’s CoverCress
technology, the firms said on
26 April. By using breeding
and gene editing, CCI had
converted field pennycress
(pictured), a winter annual
weed, into the new crop.
Adding a new crop into ro-
tation on existing land during
winter could provide farmers
with additional revenue while
also providing cover, reducing
nitrogen loss and improving
overall soil health, according
to thesays
Calyxt companies.
seedless hemp offered improved
“We believe rotational cover
crops will play a key role in our
strategy in connection with
our recently announced part-
nership with Chevron,” Bunge
CEO Greg Heckman said.
Bunge and US energy firm
Chevron
announced
yields a joint
and quality
venture on 2 May, called
Bunge Chevron Ag Renew-
ables, to develop renewable
fuel feedstocks, with both
firms acquiring an owner-
ship stake in CCI before the
announcment.

EU chemicals agency says glyphosate is not carcinogenic

The European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)
published a risk assessment on 30 May
saying the herbicide ingredient glyphosate
does not cause cancer in humans, Politico
reports.
The agency's Committee for Risk Assess-
ment found that “the available scientific
evidence did not meet the criteria to
classify glyphosate for specific target organ
toxicity, or as a carcinogenic, mutagenic or
reprotoxic substance”.
The ECHA’s latest announcement did
not deviate from its opinion in 2017, when
it did not classify glyphosate as carcino-
genic, Politico wrote, but it did say that gly-
phosate could cause serious eye damage
and was toxic to aquatic life.
The agency's opinion is set to influence
the European Union’s (EU) decision to ban
or reauthorise the herbicide for use, with
the European Commission (EC) expected
to make a recommendation by July 2023 at
the earliest, following delays, Politico wrote.
In the USA, thousands of litigants
have taken legal action alleging that their
non-Hodgkins' lymphomas was caused by
Roundup, a glyphosate-containing herbi-
cide sold by global agrochemical company
Monsanto and now owned by German
chemicals giant Bayer.

14 OFI – JUNE 2022  www.ofimagazine.com



Biotech news June 2022.indd 2 13/06/2022 15:07:31


Argentina
Proglobal
Juan Pablo II 6750, Rosario, Santa Fe
Tel: +54 341 4544544
E-mail: grabois.rafael@proglobal.com
www.proglobal.com
Austria
Andritz AG
Stattegger Strasse 18, Graz A-8045
Tel: +43 5 08 05/5 62 31
E-mail: separation@andritz.com
www.andritz.com/separation
* Anton Paar GmbH
Anton-Paar-Strasse 20, 8054 Graz
Tel: +43 316 257 1350
E-mail: info@anton-paar.com
www.anton-paar.com
BDI-BioEnergy International GmbH
Parkring 18, Raaba-Grambach, Styria 8074
Tel: +43 316 4009100
E-mail: sales@bdi-bioenergy.com
www.bdi-bioenergy.com
GIG Karasek GmbH
Neusiedlerstrasse 15-19
Gloggnitz, Lower Austria 2640
Tel: +43 2662 42780
E-mail: office@gigkarasek.at
www.ofimagazine.com
P&E listing 2022.indd 1
PLANT, EQUIPMENT & TECHNOLOGY
OFI 2022 plant &
technology guide
Oils & Fats International features a fully updated global selection
of plant and equipment suppliers to the oils and fats industry,
accompanied by a chart of company activities
www.gigkarasek.com E-mail: info@desmetballestra.com
Other: Hydrogenation www.desmetballestra.com
Other: Biodiesel & HVO pre-treatment;
Kemia Handels und Projektierungs GmbH biodiesel and FAME – transesterification,
Hochheimg 20, Vienna 1130 esterification, biofuel distillation. Glycerine
Tel: +43 676 948 2223 purification; fatty acids; fatty alcohols (Davy
E-mail: kondor@kemia.at Process technology)
www.kemia.at
Other: Palm oil dynamic extraction, feedstock De Smet SA Engineers & Contractors
pre-treatment Watson & Crick Hill - Building J
Rue Granbonpré 11 - Box 8
Belgium B-1435 Mont-Saint-Guibert
Desmet Ballestra Group - Oils, Fats and Tel: + 32 10 43 43 00
Oleochemicals Division E-mail: info@dsengineers.com
Belgicastraat 3, B-1930 Zaventem www.dsengineers.com
Tel: +32 2 7161111 Other: EPC/EPCM contractor u
 OFI – JUNE 2022 15
16/06/2022 10:25:08
 PLANT, EQUIPMENT & TECHNOLOGY
u Pattyn Belgium NV Czech Republic Germany
Hoge Hul 2 – 8000 Bruges Farmet AS Air Liquide Engineering & Construction
Tel: +32 50 450 480 Jirinková 276, Ceská Skalice 55203 Olof Palme Strasse 35, Frankfurt, 60439
E-mail: info@pattyn.com Tel: +420 491 450 116 Tel: +49 69 58080
www.pattyn.com E-mail: oft@farmet.cz E-mail: green-chemicals-fuels@air-liquide.
www.farmet.eu com
Bulgaria Other: Hexane free oilseeds and vegetable oil www.engineering-airliquide.com/
Elica PROcessing processing technologies. Feed extrusion, feed green-chemicals-fuels
32 Haralampi Dzhamdziev St, Silistra 7500 milling technologies Other: HVO pretreatment, HVO/renewable
Tel: +359 86 820 820 diesel/renewable jet fuel, fatty alcohol,
E-mail: k.radulov@elica-pro.com Denmark bio propylene glycol, green chemicals,
www.elica-pro.com * GEA Process Engineering A/S proprietary equipment
Dehulling equipment Gladsaxevej 305, Soeborg 2860
Tel: +45 21296867 B+B Engineering GmbH
Canada E-mail: steen.lassen@gea.com Otto-von-Guericke-Str 50
SOLEX Thermal Science Inc www.gea.com D-39104 Magdeburg
250, 4720 - 106 Avenue SE, Calgary Other: Vacuum and dry condensing systems Tel: +49 391 5054 995-0
Alberta T2C 3G5. Tel: +1 403 254 3500 E-mail: info@b-b-engineering.de
E-mail: info@solexthermal.com Gerstenberg Services AS www.b-b-engineering.de
www.solexthermal.com Vibeholmsvej 21, Brøndby 2605 Other: Turnkey contractor; vegetable oil
Other: Pre-heaters, vertical plate conditioners Tel: +45 43432026 refining technologies (hydration, degumming,
and meal pellet coolers, conditioning systems E-mail: mgn@gerstenbergs.com neutralisation, bleaching, deodorisation),
www.gerstenbergs.com turnkey plants; pilot plants, SKID-mounted
China Other: Hyrodgenation, margarine production refineries, lecithin drying plants, rapeseed
plant dehulling process, utility generation and
COFCOET
No 186 Huihe Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214035 distribution systems, energy recovery systems
Tel: +86 15261581901 * Haarslev Industries AS
E-mail: chenyao@cofcoetint.com Bogensevej 85 Bruker Biospin GmbH
www.cofcoet.com Søndersø 5471 Rudolf-Plank Str. 23, 76275 Ettlingen,
Tel: +45 63831100 Tel: +49 721 5161 6500
Crown Asia E-mail: info@haarslev.com E-mail: info@bruker.com
Room 301, 18th Building, Innovation Base www.haarslev.com www.bruker.com
HUST Science Park, No.33 Tang Xum Hu Other: Benchtop instruments for quality
Bei Road, Donghu High-Tech Zone SPX Flow Technology Danmark AS control: Solid fat content, total fat,
Wuhan City, Hubei 430074 Oestmarken 7, Soeborg DK, 2860 crystallisation analysis, oxidation and
Tel: +86 27 6784 7531 Tel: +45 70278222 freshness monitoring
E-mail: sales@crownironasia.com E-mail: gs.dk.sales@spxflow.com
www.crownasia.com www.spxflow.com Buss-SMS-Canzler GmbH
Other: Dehulling, plant protein concentrates, Other: Butter equipment; emulsifying systems Kaiserstrasse 13-15, Butzbach, 35510
botanicals, nutraceuticals for mayonnaise, dressings and sauces; Tel: +49 6033 850
margarine/shortening process lines; sugar fat/ E-mail: info@sms-vt.com
* FAMSUN Oils & Fats Engineering Co Ltd cream filling process lines; CIP Plant. www.sms-vt.com
No 1 Huasheng Road Other: Equipment to process monoglyceride,
Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225127 France fish oil, omega-3, lecithin and Vitamin E: thin
Tel: +86 514 87770799 Olexa film evaporators, short path evaporators,
E-mail: myoil@famsungroup.com 47 Alleé d’Irlande molecular distillation, thin film dryers
www.famsun.com Z.A.C B.P 42015, 62060 Arras
Other: White flakes, fermenting meal, full fat Tel: +33 21 55 36 00 Centrimax – Winkelhorst Trenntechnik
soya extrusion, silos, conveyors E-mail: hello@olexapress.com GmbH
www.olexapress.com Kelvinstrasse 8, Cologne 50996
Guangzhou Scikoon Industry Co Ltd Other: Turnkey plants, cookers, screw presses, Tel: +49 2236 393530
No 2 Xianke Yi Road, Guangzhou spare parts, services E-mail: info@centrimax.com
Huadu 510800. Tel: +86 20 39388895 www.centrimax.com
E-mail: export@scikoon.com * Promill
www.scikoon.com RN 12, Serville 28410. Tel: +33 2 * GEA Westfalia Separator Group GmbH
Other: Aspirator, cracking, flaking mill, 37389193 Werner-Habig-Strasse 1
counterflow cooler, conditioner, meal crusher, E-mail: info@promill.fr Oelde 59302
fluid bed dryer www.promill.fr Tel: +49 2522 770
E-mail: www.gea.com/contact
Myande Group Co Ltd * Serac www.gea.com
199 South Ji’An Road 12 route de Mamers Other: Miscella clarification, aquaeous
Yangzhou City 225127, Jiangsu Province 72400 La Ferté-Bernard. Tel: +33 2 43 60 extraction, press oil clarification, soap
Tel: +86 514 87849111 28 28 stock splitting, alkali neutralisation and
E-mail: info@myande.com E-mail: facheriaux@serac.fr fractionation, dewaxing, centrifugal
www.myandegroup.com www.serac-group.com separators and decanters

16 OFI – JUNE 2022  www.ofimagazine.com

P&E listing 2022.indd 2 16/06/2022 10:25:08

 PLANT & TECHNOLOGY
* GEA Wiegand GmbH
Am Hardtwald 1, 76275 Ettlingen
Tel: +49 7243 7050; E-mail: chemical@gea.com
www.gea.com
Other: Evaporation and distillation plants

GekaKonus GmbH
Siemensstrasse 10, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen 76344
Tel: +49 721 943740
E-mail: info@gekakonus.net
www.gekakonus.net Clean and ef ficient
HF Press+LipidTech (member of the HF FoodTech Group)
Schlachthofstrasse 22, 21079 Hamburg
vacuum systems
for refining
Tel: +49 40 77 179-0
E-mail: service-plt@hf-group.com
www.hf-press-lipidtech.com
Other: Oilseed processing, refining, screw presses, plant engineering,
rendering, biomass technology, storage tanks, process tanks, multi- and deodorising
chamber tanks

HTI-GESAB Hoch-Temperatur Industrieanlagen GmbH

Sauerbruchstrasse 11, Ellerau
Schleswig-Holstein 25479
Tel: +49 4106 70090
E-mail: info@hti-ellerau.de
www.hti-ellerau.de

INTEC Engineering GmbH

John-Deere-Strasse 43, Bruchsal D-76646
Tel: +49 7251 9324312
E-mail: christian.daniel@intec-energy.de
www.intec-energy.de
Other: Biomass- and coal-fired heat, supply and power plants, sludge
drying and incineration systems, ORC-based power generation • Ice Condensation
modules, thermal oil heaters, steam generators

Körting Hannover GmbH

• Alkaline Closed Loop
Badenstedter Str 56, Hannover 30453
Tel: +49 511 2129-0. E-mail: sales@koerting.de both systems
www. koerting.de/en/
with clean cooling tower
Maschinenfabrik Reinartz GmbH & Co KG
Industriestrasse 14, Neuss 41460
Tel: + 49 2131 9761-0. E-mail: info@reinartz.de
www.reinartz.de
Other: Screw presses, screw dryers, seed conditioning, oil storage,
animal feed and bioenergy production

oilRoq GmbH
Pfaennerhoehe 35, Halle, Sachsen-Anhalt 06110
Tel: +49 345 68578071
E-mail: sales@oilroq.eu
www.oilroq.eu
Other: Bleaching, esterification, edible oleochemical hydrogenation,
metallic candle filter

Rono Maschinenbau GmbH

Ringstrasse 6, Selmsdorf 23923
Tel: + 49 38823 54480
E-mail: info@ro-no.de
www.ro-no.com
Other: End user processes/equipment for various spreads, pastry and
bakery products, wafer cream, mayonnaise, ketchup and gelatine. CIP
systems, skid units, continuous melting systems u

www.ofimagazine.com OFI – JUNE 2022 17

+49 511 2129-306 | sales@koerting.de | koerting.de

P&E listing 2022.indd 3 16/06/2022 10:25:09

 PLANT, EQUIPMENT & TECHNOLOGY
u
VTA Verfahrenstechnische Anlagen
GmbH & Co. KG
Bernrieder Strasse 10
Niederwinkling; 94559
Tel: +49 9962 95980
E-mail: info@vta-process.de
www.vta-process.de
Other: Thin film, wiped film and short path
distillation; thin film deodorisation
India
Kumar Metal Industries Pvt Ltd
Plot No 7, Mira Co-Op Industrial Estate
Mira Road, Thane, Maharashtra 401104
Tel: +91 22 28458300
E-mail: info@kumarmetal.com
www.kumarmetal.com
Other: Mechanical/speciality extraction,
deacidification, dewaxing, soap noodles plant,
acid oil, screw/chain conveyors, thermic
fluid heater, high pressure thermosiphon,
rengenerative heat exchangers, feed mill
process
Mectech Process Engineers Pvt Ltd
366, Phase 2, Gurgaon, 122 016, Haryana
Tel: +91 124 4700800
E-mail: info@mectech.co.in
www.mectech.co.in
Other: Hydrogenation and IE plants, gravity
and candle filters
Sharplex Filters (India) Pvt Ltd
R-664, Rabale MIDC, Navimumbai
Maharashtra 400701
Tel: +91 9136921232-39/+91 22
27696322/31/39
E-mail: sales@sharplexfilters.com
www.sharplexfilters.com
Other: Process filtration equipment, candle &
polishing bag filters, tubular centrifuges
United Engineering (Eastern) Corporation
LLP
Plot 75, Sector 3, IMT Manesar
Gurgaon Haryana 122051
Tel: +91 1244273011
E-mail: sales@uec-india.com
www.uec-india.com
Other: Screw presses, complete turnkey
seed processing and pressing plants, seed
conditioning, dewatering processes, animal
feed, spares and services
Veendeep Oiltek Exports Pvt Ltd
N-16/17/18 Additional MIDC
Patalganga
Maharastra 410207
Tel: +91 9769315463
E-mail: pmbhandari@veendeep.com
www.veendeep.com
Italy
Andreotti Impianti Spa
Via Di Le Prata 148, Calenzano
18 OFI – JUNE 2022
P&E listing 2022.indd 4
Florence, Tuscany, 50041 Aman Batu 11, Desa Aman
Tel: +39 055 44870 Sungai Buloh, Selangor 47000
E-mail: info@andreottiimpianti.com Tel: +6012 6729683
www.andreottiimpianti.com E-mail: michaelchan@besteerlberhad.com
Other: Plants for oilseeds, edible oils and www.besteelberhad.com
oleochemicals Other: Turnkey contractor for palm oil mills
Binacchi & Co * EMEC Packaging Solutions Sdn Bhd
Via Gramsci 84, Varese, Gazzada Schianno PT 13532, Jalan Bating
21045 Pandamaran 42000 Pelabuhan Klang
Tel: +39 0332 461354 Selangor Darul Ehsan
E-mail: mail@binacchi.com Tel: +603 3168 6300 / 3165 1344
www.binacchi.com E-mail: info@emec-corp.com
Other: Liquids (oils, detergent) bottling lines www.emec-corp.com
CMB SpA INTEC Energy Systems Sdn Bhd
Via Appia km 55900, Cisterna di Latina 6F-21, IOI Business Park
LT 04012 Bandar Puchong Jaya
Tel: +39 06 96871028 47170 Puchong, Selangor
E-mail: info@cmb.it Tel: +603 5891 6642
www.cmb.it E-mail: yap.fw@intec-energy.de or asyraf.
Other: Oil hydrogenation, plants for ghazali@intec-energy.de
oilseed preparation, extraction, refinery, www.intec-energy.com
oleochemical; fatty acids dry fractionation Other: Biomass- and coal-fired energy and
plant; 1st & 2nd generation biodiesel power plants, sludge drying and incineration
& glycerine refining; semi-continuous systems, ORC-based power generation
hydrogenation; POME treatment; HVO pre- modules, thermal oil heaters, steam
treatment; methyl ester distillation; ultra- generators, solid fuel firing systems, waste
neutralising process; soap stock splitting; ice heat boilers
condensing systems, wiped film evaporators;
fatty acids hardening JJ-Lurgi Engineering Sdn Bhd
No 7-13A-01, Level 13A
* Desmet Ballestra SpA – Detergents, Jebsen & Jessen Tower UOA Business Park
Surfactants and Chemicals Division (Tower 7), Jalan Pengaturcara U1/51A
Via Piero Portaluppi 17, 20138 Milano Seksyen U1 Shah Alam
Tel: +39 02 50831 Selangor 40150
E-mail: mail@ballestra.com Tel: +60 3 50306363
www.desmetballestra.com E-mail: jj-lurgi_enquiry@jjsea.com
www.jj-lurgi.com
Macfuge Servizi Industriali Srl
Via Marie Curie 19, Ozzano Dell’Emilia Muar Ban Lee Group
Bologna 40064 JR52, Lot 1818, Jalan Raja, Kawasan
Tel: +39 051 795080 Perindustrian Bukit Pasir Muar, 84300
E-mail: macfuge@macfuge.com Johor. Tel: +60 6 9859998
www.macfuge.com E-mail: mbl@mbl.com
www.mbl.com
TECHNOILOGY Other: Methane biogas capture plant, waste
Via D. Federici 12/14 water treatment
04012 Cisterna di Latina, Lazio
Tel: +39 06 9696181 * Oiltek Sdn Bhd
E-mail: info@technoilogy.it Lot 6, Jalan Pasaran 23/5 Kaw Miel Phase
www.technoilogy.it 10 40300 Shah Alam, Selangor
Other: Vegetable oil extraction and refining; Tel: +603 554 28288
advanced technology to mitigate 3-MCPD E-mail: oiltek@oiltek.com.my
& GE in infant formula and food grade www.oiltek.com.my
products; fat processing; oleochemicals; Other: Bulking installation heating systems
biodiesel production; waste oil advanced
pre-treatment for biofuel production; used The Netherlands
mineral oil re-refining; lab analysis & process CPM Europe BV
development; process & product testing on Rijder 2, Zaandam, 1507 DN
pilot plants Tel: +31 75 6512 611
E-mail: info@cpmeurope.nl
Malaysia www.cpmeurope.nl
* Besteel Berhad Other: Plant protein concentrates, botanicals,
Lot 9683 Kawasan Perindustrian Desa nutraceuticals
 www.ofimagazine.com
16/06/2022 10:25:10

Filtration Group BV – Amafilter
Hanzeweg 21, 7241 CS Lochem
Tel: +31 573 297 777
E-mail: info.fgnl@filtrationgroup.com
www.amafiltration.com
Other: Cricketfilter, pressure leaf filter
elements, vertical/horizontal pressure leaf
filter systems
PLANT, EQUIPMENT & TECHNOLOGY
www.buss-ct.com Crown Global Companies - Crown Iron -
Other: Hydrogenation process design CPM
9879 Naples Street NE, Blaine MN 55449
Sulzer Chemtech Ltd Tel: +1 651 639 8900
Neuwiesenstrasse 15, Winterthur 8401 E-mail: sales@crowniron.com
Zürich. Tel: +41 52 2623722 www.crowniron.com
E-mail: chemtech@sulzer.com Other: Plant protein concentrates, botanicals
www.sulzer.com and nutraceuticals

Geelen Counterflow Turkey * French Oil Mill Machinery Company

Windmolenven 43, Haelen 6081 PJ Keller & Vardarci Industries Ltd Sti 1035 W Greene Street, PO Box 920
Tel: +31 475 592315 Cinar Sok No 12 Ege Serbest Bolgesi Piqua, Ohio 45356
E-mail: info@geelencounterflow.com Gaziemir, Izmir 35410 Tel: +1 937 7733420
www.geelencounterflow.com Tel: +90 232 4784814 E-mail: oilseedsales@frenchoil.com
Other: Coolers and dryers E-mail: info@keller-vardarci.com www.frenchoil.com
www.keller-vardarci.com Other: Mechanical screw presses,
Niverplast BV Other: Cottonseed delinting machinery, conditioners/cookers, animal feed, rate bins,
Baruch Spinozastraat 2 equipment for oil crushing mills. For all other oil settling tanks, oil filters, cleaners, cake
Nijverdal, Overijssel 7442 PD oilseeds: seed cleaners, dehullers, oil presses, coolers, roller mills and performance trial
Tel: +31 548 538 380 cookers, screens, filter presses, spare parts for testing
E-mail: sales@niverplast.com oil crushing mills, turnkey project equipment
www.niverplast.com * Myers Vacuum
United Arab Emirates 1155 Myers Lane, Kittanning, PA 16201
Serbia Metan FZCO Tel: +1 724 545 8331
T-1 Abraziv doo Office 2203, Jafza View 18, Jebel Ali Email: dymers@myers-vacuum.com
Sencanski put bb, 24430 Ada Dubai 61389, www.myers-vacuum.com
Tel: +381 24 854585 Tel: +971 4 8895657
E-mail: sales@t-1.rs E-mail: m@.metan.ae Nel Hydrogen
www.screw-presses.com www.metan.ae 10 Technology Drive, Wallingford
Other: Screw presses, spare parts, refurbishing Connecticut. CT 06492
Tel: +1 203 949 8697
United Kingdom E-mail: info@nelhydrogen.com
Singapore Chemtech – TMCI Padovan Spa
LIPICO Technologies Pte Ltd www.nelhydrogen.com
Crown House, 1A High Street
61 Bukit Batok Crescent Theale, Berkshire RG5 7AH
#06-03 to #06-06 Heng Loong Building * Pope Scientific Inc
Tel: +44 1189 861 222
658078 351 N. Dekora Woods Blvd
E-mail: sales@chemtechinternational.com
Tel: +65 631 67800 Saukville. Wisconsin 53080
https://chemtech-division.com/en/
E-mail: sg.enquiry@lipico.com Tel: +1 262 2689300
www.lipico.com E-mail: dsegal@popeinc.com
Crown Europe - Europa Crown
www.popeinc.com
Waterside Park, Livingstone Road
Other: Degassers, evaporators, reactors,
Sweden Hessle, East Yorkshire HU13 0EG
foods, flavours, fragrances, portable vessels,
Alfa Laval Corporate AB Tel: +44 1482 640099
pilot plants and turnkey processing systems,
Rudeboksvägen 1, SE-226 55 Lund, Skåne E-mail: sales@europacrown.com
Nutsche filter-dryers
Tel: +46 46 36 65 00 www.europacrown.com
E-mail: alfa.laval@alfalaval.com Other: Plant protein concentrates, botanicals,
The Dupps Company
www.alfalaval.com nutraceuticals
548 North Cherry Street
Germantown, Ohio 45327-0189
Switzerland De Smet Rosedowns
Tel: +1 937 8556555
Bühler AG Cannon Street, Hull, HU2 OAD
E-mail: info@dupps.com
Gupfenstrasse 5, Uzwil, St Gallen 9240 Tel: +44 1482 329864
www.dupps.com
Tel: +41 71 9551111 Email: sales@rosedowns.co.uk
Other: Rendering equipment, process drying,
E-mail: media@buhlergroup.com www.rosedowns.co.uk
oilseed screw press, rotary drum dryers,
www.buhlergroup.com airless dryers ●
Other: Cracking/flaking mills, vertical seed Oxford Instruments
conditioners, horizontal and vertical impact Halifax Road, High Wycombe, HP12 3SE
The above companies are a selection of
dehullers and hammer mills, fluidising beds, Tel: +44 1494 442255
plant, equipment and technology suppliers
bagging stations, chain conveyors, ship E-mail: magres@oxinst.com
to the oils and fats industry who have
loaders/unloaders, filters, throw & drum http://nmr.oxinst.com
replied to an Oils & Fats International
sieves, hull separators, drum magnets, questionnaire this year. Please refer to
cylindrical case aspirators USA ‘Summary Table of Company Activities’
Anderson International Corp chart for companies’ areas of operation.
Buss ChemTech AG 4545 Boyce Parkway, Stow, Ohio 44224
Hohenrainstrasse 12A, Pratteln 4133 Tel: +1 216 6411112 ‘Other’ refers to other activities selected in
Tel: +41 61 8256462 E-mail: eric.stibora@andersonintl.com the accompanying chart
E-mail: info@buss-ct.com www.andersonintl.com * Denotes entries from 2021

www.ofimagazine.com  OFI – JUNE 2022 19

P&E listing 2022.indd 5 16/06/2022 10:25:10

 Plant & technology chart 2022: Sum
AW_DB_AD_OFI_HP_87x265_SPONSOR_V1.pdf 1 15/06/2022 15:23

Kemia Handels-und Projektierungs

De Smet Engineers & Contractors

BDI-BioEnergy International

SOLEX Thermal Science

Desmet Ballestra Group
Austria: Andritz

Pattyn Belgium

Elica-elevator
GIG Karasek
Anton Paar*
Argentina
Proglobal

Belgium

Bulgaria

Canada

China
Oilseed crushing mills    
Solvent extraction    

Extraction
Fish oil/meal processing    
Rendering/fat melting plant  
Pelleting mills    
Dehulling & Other     
Degumming     
Winterising    
Crystallisation    
Oil distillation/fractionation     
Alkali & physical refining    

Leading Oils & Fats

Interesterification   
Refining

Miscella refining   
Deodorisers    

Technologies
Bleachers    
Oil dryers    
Fat splitting   
PROCESS PLANT & EQUIPMENT

Fatty acid distillation/fractionation      

Other   
/ EXPERIENCE AND LEADERSHIP Hydrogen generators 
Hydrogenation

Hydrogen systems 
/ R&D AND INNOVATION Other
Cooking/salad oils 


Butter formulation 
/ PRODUCT PROCESSING EXPERTISE Shortening/margarine production  
Vitamin E production  
/ EXPERIENCED PROJECT EXECUTION Lecithin production   
End user processes/equipment

Suplhonation 

/ EFFICIENT CUSTOMER SERVICE

Ethoxylation/propoxylation 
Detergent formulation 
Detergent production 
Y Soap production  
Soap finishing 
Cosmetics production  
Glycerine refining   
Fatty acid derivatives   
Pharmaceuticals  
Biodiesel/methyl ester     
Other  
Pneumatic conveyors   
Belt conveyors     
Vibratory conveyors    
Storage & handling

Slatted conveyors   
Elevators     
Loading arms/chutes    
Auger feeders   
Storage silos     
Storage tanks     
Other 
ANCILLARY EQUIPMENT

Screens     
Centrifugal separators   
Screens & filtration

Gravity separators     
Magnetic separators     
Membrane separators  
Filter presses   
desmetballestra.com Pressure leaf filters   
Other 
Packing equipment    
Instrumentation    
Pumps/fluid handling   
Other equipment

Vacuum systems/ejectors   
GLOBAL SOLUTIONS PROVIDER FOR THE INDUSTRIES OF

FOOD, FEED & BIOFUEL

Process heating systems    
Steam boilers  
Thermal oil heaters   
Heat recovery systems      
Other    
*Denote entries from 2021
 OLEOCHEMICALS
Methylesters • Glycerine • Biodiesel
mmary table of company activities Fatty Acids • Fatty Alcohols

Air Liquide Engineering & Consstruction

Centrimax-Winkelhorst Trenntechnik

VTA Verfahrenstechnische Anlagen

FAMSUN Oils&Fats Engineering*

GEA Westfalia Separator Group*

SPX Flow Technology Danmark
Guangzhou Scikoon Industry

GEA Process Engineering*

Maschinenfabrik Reinartz
Gerstenberg Services

Rono Maschinenbau
Haarslev Industries*

HF Press+LipidTech

INTEC Engineering
Buss-SMS-Canzler
B+B Engineering

Körting Hannover
Czech Republic
Myande Group

GEA Wiegand*
Bruker Biospin

HTI-GESAB
Crown Asia

GekaKonus
COFCOET

Denmark

Germany
Promill*
Farmet

France

Serac*

oilRoq
Olexa

      Oilseed crushing mills

     Solvent extraction

Science behind Technology

Extraction
       Fish oil/meal processing

        Rendering/fat melting plant
     Pelleting mills
       Other
           Degumming
           Winterising
        Crystallisation
          Oil distillation/fractionation
         Alkali & physical refining
       v2-87x265General-OFI-2015.indd
 1Interesterification

Refining
      Miscella refining
          Deodorisers
         Bleachers
        Oil dryers
      Fat splitting

PROCESS PLANT & EQUIPMENT

          Fatty acid distillation/fractionation
      Other
   Hydrogen generators

Hydrogenation
     Hydrogen systems
 Other
          Cooking/salad oils
      Butter formulation
        Shortening/margarine production
     Vitamin E production
          Lecithin production

End user processes/equipment

 Sulphonation
 Ethoxylation/propoxylation
 Detergent formulation
    Detergent production
     Soap production
    Soap finishing
       Cosmetics production
         Glycerine refining
        Fatty acid derivatives
    Pharmaceuticals
             Biodiesel/methyl ester
     Other
     Pneumatic conveyors
     Belt conveyors
     Vibratory conveyors
Storage & handling

     Slatted conveyors
     Elevators
   Loading arms/chutes
       Auger feeders
      Storage silos
         Storage tanks
 Other
ANCILLARY EQUIPMENT

      Screens
        Centrifugal separators
Screens & filtration

      Gravity separators
     Magnetic separators
      Membrane separators
      Filter presses
       Pressure leaf filters
  Other
       Packing equipment
        Instrumentation
          Pumps/fluid handling
Other equipment

        Vacuum systems/ejectors
              Process heating systems
          Steam boilers
           Thermal oil heaters
              Heat recovery systems
      Other
 Plant & technology chart 2022: Sum

Turkey: Keller & Vardarci Industries

United Engineering (Eastern) Corp

Sweden: Alfa Laval Corporate

Metech Process Engineers

Filtration Group BV-Amafilter

Macfuge Servizi Industriali
Vendeep Oiltek Exports
Kumar Metal Industries

INTEC Energy Systems

Muar Ban Lee Group

LIPICO Technologies
Geelen Counterflow
JJ-Lurgi Engineering
Andreotti Impianti

Desmet Ballestra

Sulzer Chemtech
TECHNOILOGY

T-1 Abraziv doo

Buss ChemTech
Sharplex Filters

Binnachi & Co

CPM Europe
Netherlands

Switzerland
Singapore
Niverplast
CMB SpA

Malaysia

Oiltek*

Bühler
Serbia
India

Italy
Oilseed crushing mills              
Solvent extraction            
Extraction

Fish oil/meal processing        

Rendering/fat melting plant       
Pelleting mills      
Dehulling & Other      
Degumming               
Winterising              
Crystallisation             
Oil distillation/fractionation              
Alkali & physical refining            
Interesterification            
Refining

Miscella refining             
Deodorisers             
Bleachers             
Oil dryers             
PROCESS PLANT & EQIUPMENT

Fat splitting         
& EQUIPMENT

Fatty acid distillation/fractionation           

Other    
Hydrogen generators         
Hydrogenati on

Hydrogen systems        
End user processes/equipment PROCESS PLANT

Other  
Cooking/salad oils        
Butter formulation   
Shortening/margarine production           
Vitamin E production        
Lecithin production          
Suplhonation   
Ethoxylation/propoxylation    
Detergent formulation   
Detergent production    
Soap production       
Soap finishing     
Cosmetics production    
Glycerine refining            
Fatty acid derivatives            
Pharmaceuticals         
Biodiesel/methyl ester            
Other   
Pneumatic conveyors           
Belt conveyors          
Vibratory conveyors         
Storage & handling

Slatted conveyors       
Elevators         
Loading arms/chutes      
Auger feeders     
Storage silos          
Storage tanks          
Other   
ANCILLARY EQUIPMENT

Screens            
Centrifugal separators            
Screens & filtration

Gravity separators         
Magnetic separators          
Membrane separators        
Filter presses            
Pressure leaf filters              
Other     
Packing equipment          
Instrumentation          
Pumps/fluid handling           
Other equipment

Vacuum systems/ejectors            
Process heating systems            
Steam boilers            
Thermal oil heaters           
Heat recovery systems            
Other     
*Denote entries from 2021
 OLEOCHEMICALS
Methylesters • Glycerine • Biodiesel
mmary table of company activities Fatty Acids • Fatty Alcohols AW_DB_AD_OFI_HP_87x265_GENERAL_V1.pdf 1 15/06/2022 15:17

Crown Global Compaies, Crown Iron, CPM

Crown Europe – Europa Crown

Anderson International Corp

Chemtech – TMCI Padovan

French Oil Mill Machinery*

The Dupps Company

De Smet Rosedowns
Oxford Instruments
United Kingdom

Pope Scientific*
Myers Vacuum*
Nel Hydrogen
Metan FZCO
UAE

USA

       Oilseed crushing mills

    Solvent extraction
Global Technology

Extraction
     Science
Fish oil/mealbehind
processing Technology
 Rendering/fat melting plant

provider for Food,

  
    Pelleting mills
   Other

Feed & Biofuel

    Degumming
   Winterising
   Crystallisation
    Oil distillation/fractionation
   Alkali & physical refining





v2-87x265General-OFI-2015.indd

1 Interesterification
Miscella refining Refining
PREPARATION
4/30/15 10:34 AM

    Deodorisers Cleaning / Cracking / Dehulling

   Bleachers
   Oil dryers
Conditioning / Flaking / Expanding
   Fat splitting
    Fatty acid distillation/fractionation PRESSING
Other
   Hydrogen generators Full Pressing / Prepressing
Hydrogenation

  Hydrogen systems
Other C
EXTRACTION
    Cooking/salad oils
   Butter formulation
M
Extractors / Desolventing Toasting
    Shortening/margarine production Y
Distillation / Solvent Recovery
   Vitamin E production

REFINING
CM
   Lecithin production
End user processes/equipment

  Sulphonation MY

  Ethoxylation/propoxylation Degumming / Neutralising / Bleaching

  Detergent formulation CY

  Detergent production Winterising / Deodorising

CMY

  Soap production
  Soap finishing K
FAT MODIFICATION
   Cosmetics production
   Glycerine refining Fractionation / Hydrogenation / Interesterification
   Fatty acid derivatives
   Pharmaceuticals OLEOCHEMICALS
   Biodiesel/methyl ester
   Other Methylesters / Glycerine / Biodiesel
    Pneumatic conveyors Fatty Acids / Fatty Alcohols
     Belt conveyors
    Vibratory conveyors
Storage & handling

  Slatted conveyors
    Elevators
  Loading arms/chutes
     Auger feeders
    Storage silos
     Storage tanks
 Other
      Screens
     Centrifugal separators
Screens & filtration

      Gravity separators
    Magnetic separators
  Membrane separators
    Filter presses desmetballestra.com
     Pressure leaf filters
 Other
     Packing equipment
     Instrumentation
     Pumps/fluid handling
Other equipment

  Vacuum systems/ejectors GLOBAL SOLUTIONS PROVIDER FOR THE INDUSTRIES OF




  


 Process heating systems
Steam boilers
Thermal oil heaters
FOOD, FEED & BIOFUEL
     Heat recovery systems
   Other
 BLEACHING EARTHS
Optimising
filtration
Filtration is an important
step in the bleaching process
of edible oils which depends
on factors such as the oil
being processed, bleaching
temperature, the amount of
impurities in the oil and the
type of bleaching earths and
filtration aids used
Rick Veldkamp
Filtration is an important step in the
bleaching process of edible oils and is an
intensive operation in terms of manual
activity and constant surveillance by
operators.
The length of the filtration cycle is
critical and is dependant on the oil being
processed, the bleaching earth used,
bleaching temperature, and the amount
of soaps, gums and moisture in the oil.
The frequency of filter changes affects the
cost of bleaching, with a longer filter cycle
lowering the cost. A pre-coating agent
will extend filtration cycles and reduces
stress on filter screens, minimising their
chemical cleaning. Filter aids also allow
less frequent changes of polishing filters
and can enhance filter cake release.
Filter selection and size
Selecting and sizing filters is based on the
bleaching process, the solids that have
20 OFI – JUNE 2022
Bleaching earths filtration June 2022.indd 2
to be moved, and capital and operational
expenditures.
Feedstocks before filtration will contain
certain pollutants including 0.1% H20.
The water is evaporated during vacuum
bleaching and other contaminants like
phosphatides will be removed with the
bleaching clay. In physically refined oil, the
maximum phosphatide level should not
exceed 25ppm.
Caustic or chemically refined oil should
be filtered with a maximum of 0.1% H2O,
25ppm soap and 5ppm phosphatides.
Contaminant levels have a significant
effect on filterability and even more on
the frequency of washing filter leaves.
In all cases, it is important that when
choosing a filter type and supplier,
a dedicated design that uses only a
specific clay, adsorbent, filter aid or filter
that makes the use of other products
impossible should be avoided.
Filtration options
Filtration options can be divided into
continuous filters (centrifuges and
decanters, vacuum belt filters, vacuum
drum filters, continuous settlers, hydro
cyclones and belt presses) (see Figure 1,
p22) and discontinuous filters (sand and
media filters, filter presses, cartridge,
bag and other disposable element filters,
pressure leaf/tube type filters and single
plate Nutsch filters) (see Figure 2, p22).
Process filters (pressure leaf or tube
filters) (see Figure 3, p22) can be used for
applications ranging from 0.001-5% solids,
up to a maximum of 15%. With 0.3% solids
or higher, oil can be filtered directly on
Photo: Adobe Stock
screen or cloth. Below 0.3% solids, a pre-
coat or body feed is required. The flow rate
ranges from 0.02-2.5m3/m2/h.
Polishing/police filters are safety filters
which inform the processor that the
main filtration is working correctly. They
can have disposable elements such as
bags or cartridges for applications with
around 1-100ppm solids and work most
economically at <25ppm solids.
There are good reasons to avoid or
minimise the use of disposable elements
as replacing bags, cartridges or paper
sheets requires the filter to be opened,
which requires operator time to change
them and can also result in health/quality
issues. Bags and catridges will also be
soaked in oil, resulting in oil loss.
The answer are pulse type filters using
filter cloths as the filter media, which can
be retained for 12-24 months.
Choice of bleaching systems
In the bleaching process of edible,
vegetable, animal and fish oils, there has
been a continuous quest for improved
performance, bigger filters and higher
yields. In the early stages of oil bleaching,
such as Hercules filtration in 1939, the
industry was already focused on lowering
bleaching clay consumption or obtaining
better yields from clays. Refining and
removal of the substances that caused
high clay consumption were the first
improvements and major steps were
also made with improved designs of
centrifuges used in refining.
The relation between the presence of
factors – such as phosphatides, soap, 
www.ofimagazine.com
13/06/2022 15:13:20
TRADITION IS GOOD,
INNOVATION
IS BETTER

Revolutionary
cost-benefit
in bleaching
oils and fats
 BLEACHING EARTHS
Continuous - Centrifuges /Decanters
 free fatty acids (FFAs), sulphur, oxidation
products and moisture – and bleaching
and filter performance paved the way
for better bleaching clays. Acid-activated
clays became the standard.
The addition of water in the initial

Source: PMI-Tech (Europe) BV

stages of the leaching process was a major
breakthrough in the late 1970s.
Removal of residual oil from bleaching
clays was the next move with the
introduction of ‘Thompson Washing’ – the
washing with hot water of filter cake after
completion of the filter cycle resulted in
6
10-12% residual oil. However, this was a
Figure 1: Continuous – centrifuges/decanters messy and expensive process to run.
It was the tallow/soap industries that
Discontinuous / Batch – (membrane) Filter Press had to deal with poor feedstocks and they
discovered that if bleaching clay could be
used two to three times more efficiently,
Discontinuous – Pressure leaf or tube type filters there was still 40-50% residual bleaching
For batch or continues process strength left in the clay.
However, it was quickly discovered
that if the clay-loaded filter cake/residue

Source: PMI-Tech (Europe) BV

Figure 2: Discontinuous filters
7
Vertical Tank Process Filters
Double cake discharge vibrators
For leaf filters 78m2 and above
Source: PMI-Tech (Europe) BV
was shifted to the feed of the bleacher,
only very short filtration times could
be achieved because the substances
that needed to be removed – such
as phosphatides, soap and oxidation
products – resulted in almost instant
blockage of the clay layer. This, however,
would become the most efficient way to
work with improved adsorbents.
The counter-current bleaching process
is another variation in the more efficient
use of bleaching clay (see Figure 5, p24).
The secret in this process is the avoidance
of any contact between the used clay with
air or moisture before it is re-introduced
in a second bleacher. This way the oil is

in contact with the clay twice and up to

40% clay reduction can be achieved with
high clay-consuming oils such as coconut,
palm and rapeseed.
Pulse Filter
Leaf Filter
US speciality chemicals firm WR Grace,
2.5 – 100 m2
(up to 200 5.0 – 125 m2 then promoted the use of silica under
candles) (150m2)
(up to 24 leaves) the name of Trisyl. Initially silica was
Standard Continuous Bleaching
Figure 3: Process (pressure leaf or tube) filters
12 added to conventional clay but, at later
stages, the best results were obtained
when the feedstock was bleached under
atmospheric conditions at no more than
BLEACHING EARTH
700C. Trisyl was used to remove the
BLEACHING FILTER BLEACHING FILTER
majority of gums (phosphatides), soap
and oxidation products before the actual
POLISHING FILTERS bleaching process. If the conventional
bleaching clay was limited on the filter,
and the filter was used for pre-bleaching,
Source: PMI-Tech (Europe) BV

this layer removed the solids, substantially

lowering the amount of potential clay
SLURRY TANK VACUUM BLEACHER
used.
The system became known as Tri-Clear
STORAGE
(WR Grace), Combiclean (Desmet Ballestra)
or DoublePass Bleaching (Crown Iron
Works) and is the most commonly used
SPENT EARTH SPENT EARTH
industry system today (see Figure 6, p24).
 Figure 4: Standard continuous bleaching 28 The use of different processes and

22 OFI – JUNE 2022 www.ofimagazine.com

Bleaching earths filtration June 2022.indd 3 13/06/2022 15:13:22

 Process Aids
BLEACHING EARTHS
For vegetable and animal oils and fats
adsorbents, less bleaching clays, the re-
Filter Aids Adsorbents Filterable Adsorbents
use and more optimal use of clays, are all
being practiced within modern refineries.

Source: J Rettenmaier & Sohne

Mineral Organic Mineral Organic Mineral Organic
Selecting the right filter screen Bleaching Activated Functionalized Functionalized
When selecting a screen for bleached Perlite Cellulose
Earth Carbon Diatomite Cellulose
oil filtration, it is important to remember Synthetic
that it is not the screen which is doing the Diatomite Wood
Silica
filtering, but the initial layer of clay or pre-
Natural
coat. The screen only supports this first Silica
layer of solids but it plays a very important
Table 1: Processing aids – Bleaching earths & adsorbents + Filter aids
role. The refiner’s nightmare is to have
found the most optimal bleaching clay perlite and cellulose.
In Europe, Diatomite The mainused
is hardly objecti vemore for oil
any The solids
and (bleaching earth and/or filter
fat processing.
only to find out it will not filter properly. of filter aids
Reasons foristhis:
to provide a pre-coat
high specific weightlayer aid) will be re-circulated over the filter to
of Diatomite
The most common filter screens for and
or the associated
septum which is “tihigh
ght”oilenough
loss in the
to spent Diatomite
build a filter
thin cake.
layer of filter cake (0.5-1kg/m2)
oils and fats filtration are the Reversed retain all the suspended solids from the in which the actual filtration takes place.
Plain Dutch Weave (PZ-80 RPDW), the liquid being filtered. The size of the solids should not be too 
Plain Dutch Weave (PDW) and the Square Why PZ-80 (RPDW) and 24x110 mesh (PDW)
Weave (60 mesh SW) (see Figure 7, p24). www.jrsfiltration.com filter screens block during cake formation
and 60 mesh (SW) filter screens do not !
The Square Weave has the highest Slide 3

permeability, with a low blockage

tendency and easy cake drop and is clean
after cake discharge.
For the PZ-80 RPDW and PDW, a
filter aid pre-coat is optional, but for
the 60 mesh SW, a filter aid pre-coat
is necessary at a rate of 0.5-1kg of dry
filter aid per square metre of filter area.
The pre-coat prevents the screen from
coming into contact with the bleaching
clay and possible gluey or slimy solids in
the bleached oil. This will make vibration-
driven cake discharge easier, and less
frequent fouling of filter leaves and
subsequent washing.
Dirty filter screens result in unevenly
formed filter cakes, poor filter
performance, higher consumption of
processing aids, and therefore higher
product losses. Dirty filter screens are the
result of over-drying of filter cakes. This
leads to blocking of filter screens with
particle residues that get stuck in filter
pores or in between warp and weft wires.

Bleaching earths and filter aids

Processing aids can be divided into
bleaching earths/adsorbent products and
filter aids (see Table 1, above right)
Bleaching earths and adsorbents
such as silica and activated carbon are
used to remove unwanted matter such
as colouring substances (chlorophyll,
carotenoids), metals, soaps, pro-oxidants,
some alfatoxins, some heavy polycyclic
aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and some
pesticides and herbicides.
Bleaching earths are generally
composed of up to three types of clay
minerals: bentonite, attapulgite and
sepiolite. Oil is placed in contact with
the clay so that impurities are adsorbed
on the clay’s surface and the clay with
contaminants is removed by filters.
Filter aids include diatomatheous earth,

www.ofimagazine.com OFI – JUNE 2022 23

natural bleach_mini_ofi.indd 1 07/06/2019 16:54

Bleaching earths filtration June 2022.indd 4 13/06/2022 15:13:22

 BLEACHING EARTHS
“Counter Current” Bleach Process (by B+B)
FRESH CLAY blocked, cleaning becomes necessary
BLEACHED FILTERED OIL
which, in turn, causes an interruption in
flow. Most bleaching clays will act as a
body feed and are made with excellent
VACUUM filtration characteristics.
BLEACHER In bleaching, the amount of bleaching
RPP PULSE
FILTER
clay and filter aid used is an important cost
factor. The amount of oil in the filter cake is
also important as any oil in the cake will be

FILTERED OIL
OPTIONAL SILICA BLEACH
synonymous with additional loss.

Source: PMI-Tech (Europe) BV

Because filtration takes place via the
BLEACHER cake built on the screen, cake drying is an
CONVENTIONAL
LEAF FILTER
important step as drying which takes place
for too long or at too high a temperature
will bake the cake on the screen.

Automation options
CAKE BACK TO MEAL PROCESS The processing industry has been looking
Tri-Clear ® Double bleach ® or Combi-Clean ® Process
Figure 5: Counter Current bleaching process for more efficient options to filter or clean
(with pre-filtration and or silica purification) bleached oil for many years. Increased
capacities and increased number of filters
REDUCED CLAY
has resulted in bigger units to provide
SILICA more filter area per filter, less operator
120-130°C
H2O (OIL)
involvement, and more automation.
BLEACHED CLEAN OIL
REFINED OIL Filter areas in vertical tank and vertical
SILICA
BLEACHER
90°C VACUUM leaf filters have increased from 50m2 to
BLEACHER
125m2 per unit. Horizontal tank filters
STAND-BY
are available at 225m2 per filter but
require a much larger footprint and create
Source: PMI-Tech (Europe) BV

housekeeping problems when opened for

cleaning.
Pressure leaf filters are discontinuous
70°C Bleaching Filtration and need to be taken off-line to be
(pre-coated application) cleaned, whereas a continuous process
90°C CAKE BACK TO requires more than two filters, requiring
VACUUM MEAL PROCESS24 x 110 Dutch Weave
Filter Screen
DRYER more and better automation as there is no
Wire thickness 0.26 – 0.36 mm
•
time to open filters for visual inspection.
Figure 6: Tri-Clear, Combiclean process or DoublePass
• Retention approx. 120bleaching
microns nominal Cake discharge has always been a point
Bleaching Filtration of concern as it was not always known if
Bleaching filtration (with standard carbon or fine clays, the filter cake had left the filter after the
(pre-coated application) pre-treated with silica and pre-coated application) vibration cycle, with cake accumulation
24x110 Dutch Weave Filter Screen potentially resulting in damaged filter
Wire thickness 0.26-0.36 mm PZ80 (Strong) Panzer Weave Filter Screen leaves. The solution is the use of load
Retention approximately 120 microns Pre-coat Filter Screen
nominal 0.2 – 0.4 mm
• Wire thickness
cells that measure the weight of the
• Retention approx. 80 microns nominal
empty filter tank. If the cake is not fully
discharged, the filter will not be able
Bleaching filtration 36 to go back on-line. The selected and
(with standard carbon on fine 60
clays,
Mesh pre-treated
(Plain Weave) Filter Screen chosen screen is also an important part of
with silica and pre-coated application
• Wire thickness 0.19 mm successful filter performance.
PZ280 (strong) Panzer Weave Filter Screen
• Retention approx. 200-240 microns nominal
Source: PMI-Tech (Europe) BV

Wire thickness 0.2-0.4mm Filtration trends

Retention approximately 80 microns nominal Filtration is heading towards bigger
capacities with multiple filters in service,
37
Pre-coat filter screen which will demand more automation and
60 mesh (Plain Weave) Filter Screen better utilisation of installations.
Wire thickness 0.19mm Waste management is also becoming
Retention approximately 200-240 microns nominal increasingly important and special
attention should be paid to spent clay and
Figure 7: Filtration screens carbon; and the disposal of consumables
such as filter bags and cartridges. This
 fine as to go through the filter screen, nor The body feed will keep the cake open 38
will require the implementation of special
too big as to block the screen. and will give enough porosity so that screens and cake discharge systems to
When the application requires a the maximum quantity of suspended improve cake discharge in bleached oil. ●
continuous dosage of filter aid during solids can be retained before the septum Rick Veldkamp is the European sales
the entire cycle, this is called body feed. becomes blocked. When the septum is manager of PMI-Tech (Europe), Netherlands

24 OFI – JUNE 2022 www.ofimagazine.com

Bleaching earths filtration June 2022.indd 5 13/06/2022 15:13:23

 BLEACHING EARTHS
Fuller’s Earth was traditionally mixed with oils and fats to achieve a purified product
From past to future
Historically, the main aim in treating oils
and fats was to clarify, make the oil/fat
more palatable and increase the period
before it became rancid. This was achieved
using ‘Fuller’s Earth’ powder that was
mixed with the oil/fat, then separated from
the oil/fat to give the purified product.
Natural Fuller’s Earth powder
from England, which is bentonite
(montmorillonite)-based, was of superior
performance to Fuller’s Earth from other
countries.
German scientists then discovered that
acid leaching of their local Fuller’s Earth
improved its impurity removal performance
and, at the same time, reduced the colour
of the oil being treated to a greater extent
compared with natural Fuller’s Earth. As
a result, acid-leached Fuller’s Earth was
marketed as ‘bleaching earth’. Since that
time, the focus has been on bleaching
earths that give the lowest coloured
bleached or fully-refined oils.
Today, bleaching earths have an
especially important role in the refining of
oils and fats. The term ‘bleaching earths’
does not adequately describe all their
functions.
26 OFI – JUNE 2022
Natural bleach 2.5pg version with Taiko ad.indd 2
Photo: Adobe Stock
Bleaching earths have evolved from removing primary and
secondary oxidation products and undesirable pigments to
playing a key role in the remediation of dioxins, pesticides, PAHs
and 3-MCPDs Dr Patrick Howes
Wider role Silicas, silicates and active carbons are the
Bleaching earths are required to reduce most common ingredients.
or remove residual soaps, trace metals Natural, acid-leached and formulated
and gums remaining in an oil after the bleaching earths work with three main
neutralising and degumming processes. actions: absorption, ion-exchange and
Historically, the main function of acid-catalytic.
bleaching earth was to remove the Absorption removes the bulk of the
primary and secondary oxidation products, impurities, ion-exchange removes the
and toxic- and cosmetically-undesirable polyvalent harmful trace metals, and
pigments. In recent years, the bleaching acid-catalytic action decomposes primary
stage has also been required to play a key oxidation products and pigments.
role in the remediation of polyaromatic Of these actions, ion-exchange and
hydrocarbons (PAHs), dioxins, pesticides absorption are the most desirable as they
and 3-monochloropropane diol (MCPD)s. do not alter the beneficial nutritional
To achieve all these functions, some properties of the oil being processed.
leading bleaching earth manufacturers Acid-catalytic action, although useful,
have designed carefully formulated high- can also cause some undesirable
performance bleaching earths, consisting side reactions, such as cis- to trans-
of ingredients that can meet the isomerisation and double-bond
challenges of the additional requirements. shift, particularly in unsaturated oils, u
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 BLEACHING EARTHS
Activated carbons absorb both inorganic and organochlorines and thus play an important role in the
mitigation of 3-MCPDs
u and double-bond conjugation and
polymerisation in polyunsaturated oils.
Many trans-isomers are believed to be
harmful. Other undesirable properties
of trans-isomers are their higher melting
points compared with cis-isomers. This
adversely affects the cold stability of the
oil, resulting in a slightly lower olein yield
when fractionating palm oil.
Double-bond shift can change the
biological functionality of the oil, for
example, anti-inflammatory omega-3 oil
can be transformed into pro-inflammatory
omega-6 oil. Double-bond conjugation
adversely affects the oxidative stability
of the oil to a high degree relative
to its natural non-conjugated form.
Polymerisation of polyunsaturated fats
raises the viscosity of the oil.
Acid catalytic formation of 3-MCPDs
during the bleaching stage has also been
found for oils containing inorganic and/or
organochlorine molecules together with
partial glycerides, when acidic bleaching
earths are used.
For these reasons, bleaching earths
with predominantly absorptive action are
generally preferred over those with acid-
catalytic properties. Acid-catalytic cracking
is, however, useful for decomposing
pigments that are too large to fit within
the pores of the bleaching earth.
Activated carbons have historically
been used as bleaching earths and are
available with a full range of pore sizes.
The main problem with the highest-
performance activated carbons is their
relatively high price, and their tendency to
disintegrate into fines that cause clogging
and breakthrough in filters. It is therefore
28 OFI – JUNE 2022
Natural bleach 2.5pg version with Taiko ad.indd 3
Photo: Adobe Stock
important to select activated carbon that
have good structural integrity to eliminate
the problems with fines.
Activated carbons are increasingly
utilised in formulated bleaching earths
to aid the removal of undesirable
components that are too large to be
absorbed within the pores of conventional
bleaching earths.
Of the high-performance materials,
highly acid-activated bleaching earths and
activated carbons are generally sensitive
to high-shear environments such as sharp
bends during pneumatic conveying and
pumping when in oil slurry.
Shear can detach the silica fronds on
acid-activated bleaching earths, reducing
the bleaching performance and adversely
affecting oil filtration properties. Similarly,
shear will break down highly activated
carbons and adversely affect the oil-
filtration properties. To overcome these
problems, it is advisable to control the
degree of activation to a level where
the structural integrity of the material is
preserved when utilised under normal
refiner conditions.
Bleaching parameters
The main parameters controlled by
bleaching earth manufacturers are activity,
oil filtration time (OFT), moisture content,
acidity (pH) and bulk density.
Activity is a measure of bleaching/
impurity removal performance. OFT is
an indicator of the oil filtration rate/filter
press throughput capability. Moisture
content is the percentage of water
content, pH is a measure of acidity, and
bulk density is a volumetric measure.
High activity is desirable as less
bleaching earth will be required. However,
the higher performance may come with
downsides of poorer OFT and higher
oil losses in the spent bleaching earth,
so overall cost-effectiveness versus
performance must be considered.
Increased grinding of bleaching earth
will generally give lower bulk density and
higher activity but the OFT and oil loss in
the spent bleaching earth will increase.
The cost of the oil lost in the spent
bleaching earth is a very important factor
when selecting the most appropriate
grade of bleaching earth.
Low OFT represents fast filtration,
which is generally desirable as it
represents potentially greater potential
throughput at the filtration stage.
However, this is good to a point, as an
OFT which is too low will reduce the
press-bleach effect, so that the full
potential of the bleaching earth is not
achieved.
Nobody likes to buy water but it is a
functional component of bleaching earth
that aids its performance. Ideally, from
a performance standpoint, the moisture
content of bleaching earth should be as
high as possible, while still maintaining the
bleaching earth as a free-flowing powder.
For this reason, some bleaching earths
have moisture contents of 15-18%. If the
moisture content is below about 10%, the
bleaching performance begins to fall due
to insufficient hydration of the cations,
leading to a reduction in pore size.
Bleaching earths are powerful
absorbents and easily pick up moisture
from the atmosphere. It is for this reason
that some bleaching earths are dried to
lower moisture content, to ensure that
their flow properties are maintained after
transport, storage and handling.
pH is a measure of acidity. Historically,
acid-activated bleaching earths have been
very acidic, eg pH2 to pH3. These days,
refiners are more aware of the adverse
effects of low pH on the nutritional and
physical properties of the oil, particularly
the oxidative stability, solid fat content
and viscosity. Some high-performance
bleaching earths are neutral or close to
pH7.
Bulk density generally has an inverse
corelation with the oil retention of the
spent bleaching earth. Higher bulk density
allows a greater weight of bleaching earth
to be filled into silos and into containers
when shipped.
With ocean freight rates being
extremely high at the moment, higher bulk
density allows the minimisation of the
transportation element of the bleaching
earth costs.
 www.ofimagazine.com
13/06/2022 15:18:07

Bleaching earth properties
The most popular natural bleaching
earths on the market today are based on
bentonite clay, attapulgite (a magnesium
aluminium phyllosilicate) or sepiolite (a
clay mineral).
Bentonite has a leaf-like layered
structure, somewhat similar to the clay
mineral talcum, where impurities can enter
the porous spaces from four edges.
Attapulgites and sepiolites have
tubular structures, like a bunch of straws,
where the impurities can only enter the
pores from the two ends of the tubes.
Bentonite powder was historically utilised
for powdering babies bottoms, whereas
attapulgites and sepiolites have a fibrous
or needle-like morphology that can cause
irritation to skin and to lungs if inhaled.
Bentonites-based bleaching earths have
lower oil retention in the spent earth,
while attapulgite- and sepiolite-based
bleaching earths have significantly higher
oil retention.
Surface-modified bleaching earths are
natural clays that have been surface-
treated with acid, without washing
away the resultant acidic salts. Surface
modification is sometimes referred to as
dry processing, as there is no acid-slurry
stage. This class of bleaching earths retains
BLEACHING EARTHS
its natural activity and has some of the
acid-catalytic properties of conventional
acid-activated earths. Surface-modified
bleaching earths may reduce in acidity and
performance if stored for a long time.
Conventional acid-activated bleaching
earths are bentonites that have been
acid-leached in a slurry form, then washed
free of excess acid and acidic salts.
This is a far more expensive processing
route compared with using surface
modification technology. During acid-
leaching, the structure of the natural
bentonite is partially removed, opening
up new porosity between silica fronds. In
the process of acid leaching, the cation
exchange capacity is reduced, and the
interlayer spacing is also reduced relative
to the natural bentonite. The acid leaching
process increases the total pore volume.
Natural and acid-activated bleaching
earths have mainly micro- and meso-pores
that can absorb small- and medium-sized
impurities.
Activated carbons can have a full range
of micro-, meso- and macro-pores. The
macro-pores of activated carbons can
absorb the larger molecules that cannot
fit into the micro- and meso-pores of the
natural and acid-activated bleaching earths.
The macro-pores enable activated carbons
to absorb large pigment and harmful
materials such as dioxins, inorganic and
organic chlorides, pesticides, PAHs and
polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs).
Since activated carbons absorb both
inorganic and organochlorines, they play
an important role in the mitigation of
3-MCPDs.
Activated carbons can be either
chemical- or acid-activated or steam
activated. Acid-activated carbons may
give lower colour oil when freshly refined,
but most often the stability of the
fully refined oil is superior when steam
activated carbons are utilised. The use of
steam-activated carbons results in a fully
refined oil of a clearer, crisper, brighter
appearance that has superior stability.
Activated carbons can be made from
a wide range of materials including
bamboo, various woods and shells. The
carbon is effectively sequestered in the
activated carbon, thus removing potential
greenhouse gases from the environment.
New formulation of bleaching earths are
constantly being developed to meet the
new challenges that arise, to ensure that
the required standards of fully refined oils
are continually achieved.  ●
Dr Patrick Howes is technical director of
Natural Bleach Sdn Bhd, Malaysia

Globally Preferred
Bleaching Earth
EMPOWERING EDIBLE OIL
TO RENEWABLE BIOFUEL
AT TAIKO, WE LISTEN AND PROVIDE SOLUTIONS.

■ e�ective removal of undesirable impurities

■ cater to wider spectrum of feedstocks and applications
■ reliable supply and superior product quality
■ sustainable approach in sourcing and manufacturing
■ comprehensive technical support and R&D coverage

w. www.clay.taikogroup.net e. taikoclaymkt@takogroup.net e. office@taikogroup.eu

t. +603 7660 7716 t. +31 10 800 5479

taiko_half page.indd 1 
www.ofimagazine.com 10/06/2022
OFI – JUNE 202213:41
29

Natural bleach 2.5pg version with Taiko ad.indd 4 13/06/2022 15:18:07

 BLEACHING EARTHS

Tackling new contami

MINERAL OIL SATURATED HYDROCARBONS MINERAL OIL AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS

MOSH MOAH
Paraffins: open-chain R R R
R

(branched) HC Mono or polycyclic

R R
R
R R
R R R
aromatic HC
Naphtenes: cyclic,

Source: Clariant
saturated HC R

R R R R R
R

Figure 1: Chemical structures of MOSH and MOAH

Source: Clariant
Figure 2: Potential health risk associations with MOHs

As food regulations become

increasingly stringent on
harmful contaminants,
mineral oil hydrocarbons
Source: Clariant

Soyabean oil Crude palm oil Sunflower oil

(MOHs) could soon follow
a similar course to 3-MCPD
Figure 3: Ratio of MOSH/MOAH content in soyabean, crude palm and sunflower oils
esters in terms of regulations
Carlos Rodriguez, Vinicius
Celinski

In recent years, food safety regulations

have become increasingly stringent in
order to protect consumers from harmful
contaminants.
Among the latest targets have been
3-MCPD (monochloropropane diol) esters
in edible oils, such as tropical oils.
Due to their potential carcinogenicity
and toxicity, the European Commission
Regulation (EU) 2020/1322 was
introduced in September 2000,
Source: Clariant

specifying maximum limits for 3-MCPD

esters in food products.
Another group of contaminants –
Figure 4: Timeline of events likely to lead to regulations on MOHs MOHs (mineral oil hydrocarbons) – could

30 OFI – JUNE 2022  www.ofimagazine.com

Clariant bleaching earth NEW.indd 2 13/06/2022 15:24:42

 BLEACHING EARTHS

aminants
Minimisation strategy
Considering that MOSH and MOAH are
not naturally part of the composition of
edible oils, it is useful to analyse where
they may originate in order to be able to
help minimise their concentration.
Possible sources of MOSH and MOAH
include:
• Smoke drying
• Drying on asphalt surfaces (palm oil)
• Transport and handling
• Lubrication
• Leakages
• Anti-dust agents
• Migration of impurities (e.g. ink) through
packaging
• Maintenance operations
As with 3-MCPD esters, one could
attempt to control every step of the
value chain. However, it can be quite
complex to remove MOSH and MOAH
contaminants completely, or even to
reduce them to the low levels different
food safety authorities are planning to
regulate on.
MOH compounds have been on
Photo: Adobe Stock
bind the contaminants and enable their
removal from edible oils.
Light molecules can be removed
during the deodorisation process at
high temperatures and low-pressure
conditions. However, this is not the case
for medium to heavy compounds.
Further physical properties, such as
density and boiling point, make these
remaining contaminants practically
impossible to remove through any process
commonly available in existing refinery
layouts.
To develop an optimal minimisation
strategy for MOHs, the following aspects
should be considered:
• Physical properties
• Compound polarity
• Potential metals for binding MOHs
• Molecule size and shape
Clariant’s R&D team is currently working
to develop processes and processing aids
to tackle the challenge of MOSH and
MOAH removal and hopes to be able to
present effective solutions in the near
future. ●

regulators’ radars since 2010.

Now, with the availability of more Carlos Rodriguez is head of technical sales
reliable and harmonised detection and Dr Vinicius Celinski is application
methods, agencies such as the European development manager at Clariant
Food Safety Authority,
Joint Research
Centre, or Fediol (EU
soon follow a similar course to 3-MCPD vegetable oil and
esters in terms of regulations. protein meal industry
Derived from crude petroleum association), are
distillation, MOHs are complex starting to propose High Absorptive Bleaching
hydrocarbon mixtures (fraction C10 – limits in sensitive Earths based on Natural
C50), mainly consisting of MOSH (mineral products, such as and Activated Clays.
oil saturated hydrocarbons) and MOAH infant food (see Figure
(mineral oil aromatic hydrocarbons) (see 4, left). Excellent for the treatment of
Figure 1, left). Enhanced detection Vegetable Oils & Biofuel Feedstocks
The new regulatory focus on MOSH techniques have also
and MOAH is due to the serious adverse made it evident that • Chlorophylls removal.
effects they pose on human health, MOH contaminants • Low oil retentions.
especially of 3-7 ring MOAH (see Figure are difficult to be • Excellent filtration rates.
2, left). fully eliminated only • Phosphorus and metal
traces removal.
through improved
• Reduction of the
Presence in different edible oils sourcing.
precursors of
MOHs are not comprised of a standard 3-MCPD and GE.
ratio of MOSH to MOAH. This is Challenges of • Effective stability
particularly evident when examining MOH removal of oils.
different oils (see Figure 3, left). MOH compounds
In crude palm oil, there is a major are hydrocarbons
presence of heavy compounds, with that may be linear,
MOAH considered to be the most branched or contain
concerning. (alkylated-) rings,
However, this is greatly dependent possess limited
on the source of the contamination. In polarity and come
contrast, impurity levels in sunflower oil in different sizes Tolsa, S.A.
are relatively low, and limited to MOSH. (C10-C50). C/ Núñez de Balboa, 51
28001 Madrid - Spain
Soyabean oil typically contains both Therefore, it is difficult Tel.: +34 913 220 100
MOSH and MOAH but in less worrying to find an effective industrial@tolsa.com
concentrations than in tropical oils. adsorption process to

www.ofimagazine.com  OFI – JUNE 2022 31

Clariant bleaching earth NEW.indd 3 13/06/2022 15:24:43

 RENEWABLE DIESEL
Hydrotreated vegetable oil
(HVO) can reduce the use of
fossil fuels and recycle waste
streams but its production
requires efficient, flexible, safe,
reliable and sustainable
pre-treatment of feedstocks
Veronique Gibon, Wim De Greyt,
Jan De Kock, Marc Kellens
To address global warming challenges, it is
essential to reduce the use of fossil fuels,
which is the objective of the European
Commission’s ‘Fit for 55’ and Renewable
Energy Directive (RED) II policies. The
EU aims to reduce net greenhouse gas
emissions by at least 55% by 2030
compared to 1990 levels, and to define a
common framework for the promotion of
renewable energies.
Hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO) or
hydro-processed esters and fatty acids
(HEFA) is a renewable diesel which can
reduce the use of fossil fuels and recycle
waste streams.
European demand for drop-in biofuels
32 OFI – JUNE 2022
HVO.indd 2
Treating
feedstocks
– HVO and sustainable aviation fuel (SAF)
– will significantly increase in the coming
years, supported by higher blending
targets and the introduction of new
mandates for the aviation sector.
It is projected that the HVO/HEFA
share in European oil-based biofuel
demand will increase to 35% by 2030.
Biodiesel, HVO and SAF
Conventional (first generation) biodiesel
is a diesel fuel consisting of long-chain
fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) typically
made by transesterification of vegetable
oils or animal fats. Biodiesel has to meet
international quality standards such as
the ASTM D6751 or EN14214 and is
approved for blending with petroleum
diesel.
Renewable diesel is a biomass-derived
fuel suitable for use in diesel engines
and meets the ASTM D975 or EN15940
standards for synthetic diesel. It consists
of hydrocarbons and is mostly produced
by a hydrotreating process but it can also
be obtained via gasification, pyrolysis
or other bio- and thermochemical
technologies.
The term HVO is used for renewable
diesel fuels produced via a so-called
hydrotreating process (hydrogenation and
hydrocracking) of different feedstocks,
such as vegetable oils, waste cooking
Photo: Adobe Stock
oils, animal fats, acid oils and fatty acid
distillates.
HVO, also called green diesel, has
similar properties to fossil diesel but with
some differences such as a lower density
and higher energy content. It typically has
a low sulphur content, is free from oxygen
and aromatic hydrocarbons, and has a
high cetane number.
HVO offers a series of benefits over
FAME, such as reduced nitrogen oxide
(NOx) and particulate emissions, better
storage stability and better cold flow
properties. It can be used in existing diesel
engines without blending limitations.
SAF is the commonly used term for non-
petroleum synthesised jet fuel components
produced in accordance with ASTM D7566
specifications. It is derived from renewable
resources that enable a reduction in net life
cycle carbon dioxide emissions compared
to conventional jet fuels.
SAF can be produced from waste
and plant-based raw materials using
essentially the same technology as for
HVO production. When SAF is blended
with conventional jet fuel, it meets ASTM
D1655 specifications.
All major European and US airlines have
recently announced that they will start
using increasing volumes of SAF on a
voluntary basis in anticipation of a future
compulsory SAF proportion. u
www.ofimagazine.com
13/06/2022 15:29:03
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 RENEWABLE DIESEL
Figure 1a: Overview of the pre-treatment of various raw materials for HVO
Figure 1b: Basic and alternative HVO feedstock pre-treatment processes
u HVO technology
The EU’s RED II promotes the use of
biofuels, favouring next-generation biofuels
that are obtained from non-food waste
feedstocks. Today, the only commercial
alternative to FAME is HVO that can
be obtained from waste feedstocks,
while awaiting larger quantities of raw
lignocellulosic and algal biomass.
The HVO process uses hydrogen,
instead of methanol, in the conventional
biodiesel process. Bio-propane is the
major by-product and there is no low-
value glycerol production.
HVO can be blended with fossil fuel in
higher ratios than the 7% used nowadays
for biodiesel. The same feedstocks can be
used for HVO and biodiesel production.
However, the technology, as well as the
final products, are different and producers
have a different core activity.
While biodiesel is mainly produced
by food oil refiners, HVO production
is mostly carried out by petrochemical
34 OFI – JUNE 2022
HVO.indd 4
HVO markets and producers
Today’s main HVO markets are in Europe
and in the USA but new markets are
developing fast in other continents as
well. While biodiesel is still the most
common biofuel in Southeast Asia, HVO
production is also taking off in that region.
Global HVO production capacity is
expected to exceed 20M tonnes/year in
the coming years.
A number of companies have
developed in-house HVO production
processes but, in most cases, the HVO
Source: Desmet Ballestra
technology is offered by licensors.
The Finnish company Neste Oil, a
pioneer in HVO technology, is today
the leading renewable diesel and jet
fuel producer worldwide. Its NEXBTL
technology can turn a wide range of
renewable feedstocks into premium
biofuels and other products.
Neste Oil’s first commercial-scale HVO
plant was set up in 2007 at Porvoo,
Finland. Today, it also has large capacity
plants in Asia and in Europe. When the
scheduled expansion of these plants are
realised by the end of 2023, Neste Oil will
have a global HVO production capacity
close to 4.5M tonnes/year, including
1.5M tonnes/year of SAF. HYDROFLEX
is the technology supplied under license
by Denmark’s Haldor Topsøe which was
developed in 2004 in anticipation of new
Source: Desmet Ballestra
market trends.
HYDROFLEX units run alongside
conventional petrochemical units all over
the world with full flexibility, allowing
the transformation of any renewable
feedstock into drop-in, ultra-low sulphur
gasoline, jet fuel or diesel.
ENI (Italy) has developed the
companies because they are familiar ECOFINING system in collaboration with
with the hydrotreatment process, which Honeywell-UOP and, in 2013, started
typically operates in two stages. up a green refinery project based on
The double bonds of the hydrocarbon the conversion of two existing hydro-
chains are first saturated with hydrogen. desulphurisation units in Venice and Gela
This is followed by the elimination of into hydro-treatment processes. Several
oxygen atoms through three parallel other plants using the technology are in
mechanisms: hydro-deoxygenation, operation in the USA and in Europe.
decarboxylation and decarbonylation. The VEGAN HVO technology
An extra step is mandatory for SAF developed and licensed by France’s
production. Catalytic hydrotreatment is Axens Group is a flexible solution for
carried out at a high temperature (from hydro-treating a wide range of lipids
300-400°C) and hydrogen pressure and producing low-density, high cetane
(between 3-20 MPa). renewable diesel as well as renewable
Sulphide nickel-molybdenum (Ni-Mo) and sulphur-free jet fuel. This technology
cobalt-molybdenum (Co-Mo) supported was originally developed by IFP Energies
on alumina are the most common catalysts Nouvelles in the mid-2000s and is
used, along with sulphur-free noble metals the result of Axens’ wide experience
such as platinum (Pt) and palladium (Pd) or in conventional hydro-processing
zeolite-supported Pt catalysts. Along with technologies and catalysts, with more than
the process temperature and pressure, 200 units licensed in the world.
the catalyst type has an important
impact on the final HVO product quality Feedstock selection
(compositional distribution). A wide variety of products containing
 www.ofimagazine.com
13/06/2022 15:29:06
 RENEWABLE DIESEL
triglycerides and/or fatty acids can be Raw material FFA P Metals N S CI–total Polyethylene
used in HVO production. These include (%) (ppm) (ppm) (ppm) (ppm) (ppm) (ppm)
vegetable oils, beef tallow and waste _
or used cooking oil (UCO). There is also Edible <3 50-250 100-300 30-200 2-20 <5
vegetable oils
increasing use of wastes or residues such _

Source: Desmet Ballestra

as non-food grade vegetable oils, low Crude palm oils <6 15-30 20-60 10-20 <10 <15
quality animal fats, sludge palm oil mill Used cooking oils 1-10 <20 <50 5-15 10-100 20-100 0-200
effluent (POME), distillers’ grains and Animal fats 2-35 50-1,000 200-2,000 50-1,500 20-200 50-500 0-1,000
solubles (DGS) corn oil, or refining by- Acids oils 50-60 50-1,000 100-1,000 50-250 20-100 <25 _
products such as acid oils from soapstock, >85 <5 <10 <10 <10 _
Palm fatty <10
oil recovered from bleaching earths, fatty acid distillates
acid distillates, distillation pitches and Table 1: Quality parameters of different HVO feedstocks
even non-glyceride feedstocks.
Due to sustainability but also for Raw material Unit Official Provider Provider Provider Provider
economic and political reasons, producers (max) methods A B C D
are increasingly looking for lower %
Free fatty acids AOCS Ca 5a-40 5 20 20 95
quality, waste and non-food alternative
Moisture content ppm ISO 8534:2017 500 500 700 500
feedstocks. The quality parameters of
AOCS Ca 2e-84
some raw materials used for HVO are
Insoluble impurities ppm AOCS Ca 3a-46 500 500 100 500
presented in Table 1 (right).
Unsaponifiable % AOCS Ca 6a-40 NS 1 1 NS
Feedstock pre-treatment Phosphorous ppm AOCS Ca 17-01 3 3 2 3
The HVO process requires efficient, Metals (total*) ppm AOCS Ca 17-01 10 5 5 10
ASTM D5185
flexible, safe, reliable and sustainable
Nitrogen ppm ASTM D4629 50 350 100 350
pre-treatment of feedstocks. In general,
pre-treatment is necessary to remove Sulphur ppm ASTM D2622 100 250 30 100

Source: Desmet Ballestra

impurities such as phosphorous, metals,
polyethylene, nitrogen, sulphur and
chlorine-containing components that are
naturally present in some raw materials.
Pre-treatment is a critical step in
protecting HVO catalysts and increasing
their life span, and to avoid operational
problems in the industrial installation.
The quality requirements for feedstocks
at the inlet of the HVO unit are mostly set
by the HVO technology providers and are
generally quite stringent (see Table 2, right).
An efficient and flexible pre-treatment
process will determine if, or to what
extent, a low quality feedstock can be
used; this will directly impact the viability
of the HVO plant.
Pre-treatment of good quality raw
materials (vegetable oils, UCO and high
grade animal fats) is quite straightforward
and can be accomplished by a series of
processes that are already known within
the edible oil refining sector. The basic
configuration of a standard HVO pre-
treatment plant (see Figure 1a, previous
page) normally has two cleaning sections:
an acid degumming section followed by a
dry pre-treatment/bleaching section.
Acid degumming with washing
efficiently removes most impurities such
as phospholipids, metals and mineral
salts. Dry pre-treatment/bleaching,
with activated bleaching earth or silica,
achieves the required low levels of
contaminants.
Animal fats and some UCOs may
nevertheless require an additional second
bleaching step to remove polyethylene
and plastics residues that can be present
ASTM D4294
ASTM D5453
ppm
Chlorine (total) EN 14077
ASTM D7359
ppm
Polyethylene AOCS Ca 16-75
NS: Not specified *Ca, Mg, Fe, Na, K, B, Si, Zn, AI
Table 2: Inlet product specifications for different HVO technology providers (A, B, C, D)
in these raw materials (see Figure 1b,
previous page).
For other low quality feedstocks, some
additional steps may be required prior to
the standard pre-treatment process.
This includes a pre-filtration step to
remove high levels of solid impurities,
polyethylene and some nitrogen
components (for example, from protein)
and/or a specific heat pre-treatment
step to remove phosphor-containing
components and metals from very low
quality animal fats (EU Category 1 and 2
animal by-products) and acid oils, as the
basic pre-treatment plant configuration
fails to remove these contaminants to low
enough levels.
Finally, an alternative pre-treatment
process has been developed for very
poor quality feedstocks like some acid
oils, distillation pitches and trap grease.
This process mostly consists of fat
splitting followed by fatty acid distillation.
The process is very efficient at treating
feedstocks with extremely high loads of
contaminants, but often has lower yields
then a classic pre-treatment process
and has much higher Capex and Opex
costs. Its application has, until now, been
limited to low capacity plants with difficult
feedstocks.
10 50 5 50
50 50 50 50
Pre-treatment providers
Providers of pre-treatment processes
for HVO mostly originate from the
vegetable oils and fats industries since the
technologies are very similar to vegetable
oil refining for food applications.
The companies generally have an
extensive portfolio of similar technologies.
However, since HVO producers are
increasingly focusing on low quality
feedstocks, existing processes need to
be adapted and optimised to clean these
feedstocks. In addition, as more pre-
treatment plants come into operation,
greater operational experience is gained
and this allows a continuous improvement
in pre-treatment plant configurations to
enhance efficiency, reliability and safety.
Desmet Ballestra is one of the
companies which supplies pre-treatment
technology at the start of the HVO
process to treat feedstocks.
The objective is to guarantee the quality
requirements set out by different HVO
technology providers and to meet the high-
capacity ranges (up to 5,000 tonnes/day
inlet capacity) required by this industry.  ●
Veronique Gibon is science manager; Wim
De Greyt, R&D manager; Jan De Kock, key
account manager; and Marc Kellens, group
technical director at Desmet Ballestra

www.ofimagazine.com  OFI – JUNE 2022 35



HVO.indd 5 13/06/2022 15:29:06

 STATISTICS

STATISTICAL NEWS
Vegetable oil prices
The Mintec Category Index (MCI) for global vegetable oils
softened in May, averaging US$2,027/tonne; a decline of
2% month-on-month (m-o-m). Vegetable oil prices have
continued to fall from the unprecedented levels reached
in March, following Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, due to
demand rationing of buyers unwilling to pay elevated
prices. The global MCI remains up at 11% year-on-year
(y-o-y) on tight supply conditions due to the ongoing
Russia-Ukraine war, export regulations, soaring input costs

Mintec
and logistical disruptions.
Vegetable oil prices (Mintec Category Index) – US$/tonne
Sunflower oil market
The Mintec Benchmark Price (MBP) for EU sunflower oil
decreased by 15% m-o-m to reach €1,755/tonne on
9 June due to demand rationing and substitution with
other edible oils. Global sunflower oil supply remains tight
as Ukrainian exports are limited due to damage to sea
ports and infrastructure with only some supply enter-
ing the market by rail or truck. Russia is set to raise its
sunflower oil export tax by 7% to US$560/tonne; further
tightening global sunflower oil supply. Due to uncertain-
ties over plantings in Ukraine, global sunflower oil produc-
tion for the upcoming 2022/23 marketing year is set to
decline by 4% compared to the 2021/22 estimate.
Mintec

Sunflower oil prices (Mintec Benchmark Price) – €/tonne Palm oil market
The Mintec Benchmark Price (MBP) for EU palm oil was
assessed at €1,473/tonne on 9 June; down by 3% m-o-m.
This represents a 13% decline from the record high of
€1,691/tonne reached on 28 of April, following Indone-
sia’s export ban on crude palm oil (CPO) and its deriva-
tives. On 23 May, the Indonesian government revoked
the palm oil export ban and replaced it with a Domestic
Market Obligation (DMO). Despite the export ban not
reaching its aim of curbing domestic prices to IDR14,000/
litre, the reversal was due to palm oil storage space
reaching full capacity. The DMO now requires producers
to sell about 300,000 tonnes of palm oil supply on the
domestic market to ensure sufficient domestic supply. Ac-
cording to market sources, shipments have been slow as
Mintec

Palm oil prices (Mintec Benchmark Price) – €/tonne exporters have faced issues with the requirements. Thus,
on 7 June, the Indonesian government implemented an
Prices of selected oils (US$/tonne)  export acceleration scheme to improve exports with the
Dec 21 Jan 22 Feb 22 Mar 22 Apr 22 May 22 aim of shipping at least 1M tonnes of CPO and derivative
products. According to the United States Department of
Soyabean 1,383.1 1,421.8 1,537.3 1,922.7 1,868.3 1,859.2
Agriculture, global palm oil production for the upcoming
Crude palm 1,265.0 1,320.1 1,497.0 1,669.6 1,578.6 1,623.8
2022/23 marketing year is set to rise by 3% y-o-y to 79M
Palm olein 1,147.4 1,223.3 1,422.3 1,605.4 1,445.6 1,515.3 tonnes due to favourable weather in Southeast Asia.
Coconut 1,781.4 1,928.3 2,145.3 2,180.4 2,000.8 1,698.3
Rapeseed 1,729.9 1,773.7 1,666.0 2,057.6 2,120.9 1,909.0 Mintec provides independent insight
Sunflower 1,385.5 1,390.8 1,517.0 2,351.0 2,136.0 2,096.8 and data to help companies make
informed commercial decisions.
Palm kernel 1,743.8 2,017.5 2,262.5 2,320.0 1,977.3 1,724.8
Tel: +44 (0)1628 851313
Average 1,491.0 1,582.0 1,721.0 2,015.0 1,875.0 1,775.0 E-mail: sales@mintecglobal.com
Index 353.0 375.0 408.0 478.0 444.0 421.0 Website: www.mintecglobal.com

36 OFI – JUNE 2022 www.ofimagazine.com

Stats June 2022.indd 1 13/06/2022 11:59:16

 DIARY OF EVENTS
27-28 June 2022
MCPD Esters and Glycidyl Esters (GE)
Symposium 2022
Berlin, Germany
https://veranstaltungen.gdch.de/tms/
frontend/index.cfm?l=11198&sp_id=2
5-6 July 2022
13th Biofuels International Conference
& Expo
Brussels, Belgium
https://biofuels-news.com/conference/
biofuels/biofuels_index_2022.php
10-12 July 2022
International Convention and Exhibition
on Home and Personal Care Ingredients
Goa, India
www.isdcconference.org
10-15 July 2022
International Symposium on Plant Lipids
Grenoble, France
www.gerli.com/en/international-
symposium-on-plant-lipids-ispl-2022/
20-22 July 2022
19th Global Oleochem Summit 2022
Changsha
China
https://webshow.ienmore.
com/?activityId=1690&languageType=1
28-29 July 2022
International Conference on Algal
Biotechnology and Applications
Vienna, Austria
https://waset.org/algal-biotechnology-
and-applications-conference-in-july-
2022-in-vienna
31 July-3 August 2022
Edible Oil/Products Processing Course
College Station
Texas, USA
https://fatsandoilsrnd.com/
18-19 August 2022
Palmex Thailand 2022
CO-OP Exhibition Centre, Suratthani,
Thailand
www.thaipalmoil.com
23 August-3 September 2022
2nd World Congress on Oleo Science
(WOCS 2022) (Online)
https://confit.atlas.jp/guide/event/
wcos2022/top
Diary June 2022.indd 1
4-9 September 2022
FOSFA Advanced Education Course
University of Greenwich, London, UK
www.fosfa.org/news/events/fosfa-
advanced-education-course/
4-9 September 2022
FOSFA Basic Introductory Course
University of Greenwich, London, UK
www.fosfa.org/news/events/fosfa-basic-
introductory-course/
8-9 September 2022
High Oleic Oils Congress 2022
Madrid, Spain
http://higholeicmarket.com/hoc-2019
12-16 September 2022
oils+fats and Drinktec
Messe Munich, Germany
www.oils-and-fats.com/index.html
13 September 2022
International Palm Oil Sustainability
Conference
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
https://mpoc.org.my/7th-international-
palm-oil-sustainability-conference-2022-
iposc-2022/
4-6 October 2022
Sustainable Protein Forum (Hybrid)
Chicago, Illinois, USA
https://sustainableprotein.aocs.org/
20-21 September 2022
Palmex Malaysia 2022
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
http://asiapalmoil.com
23-28 October 2022
North American Renderers Association
Annual Convention
Ritz Carlton Laguna Niguel
California, USA
https://nara.org/about-us/events
25-27 October 2022
Palmex Indonesia 2022
Medan, Indonesia
http://palmoilexpo.com
27-30 September 2022
Australia Renderers Association 16th
International Symposium
Royal International Convention Centre,
Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
www.arasymposium.com.au
6-9 November 2022
17th GERLI Lipidomics Meeting – Lipids:
from Membrane Dynamics to Signaling
Saint-Jean-Cap-Ferrat, France
www.gerli.com/congres/gerli-17th-
lipidomics-meeting-saint-jean-cap-ferrat-
france/
29-30 November 2022
Unconventional Ag
Hyatt Regency, Minneapolis, USA
https://ong.highquestevents.com/ereg/
index.php?eventid=653921&
13-15 December 2022
AlgaEurope 2022
Rome, Italy
https://algaeurope.org/
23-24 January 2023
Fuels of the Future 2023
Berlin, Germany
https://www.fuels-of-the-future.com/en
6-8 March 2023
Palm & Lauric Oils Price Outlook
Conference & Exhibition (POC2023)
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
5-7 June 2023
12th CESIO World Surfactant Congress
Rome, Italy
https://cesio-congress.eu/
11-14 June 2023
International Conference on Algal
Biomass, Biofuels and Bioproducts
(AlgalBBB 2023)
Waikoloa Beach, Hawaii, USA
www.elsevier.com/events/conferences/
international-conference-on-algal-
biomass-biofuels-and-bioproducts
17-20 September 2023
Euro Fed Lipid Congress & Expo
Poznań, Poland
https://eurofedlipid.org/
24-27 September 2023
16 International Rapeseed Congress
Sydney, Australia
www.irc2023sydney.com
For a full events list, visit:
www.ofimagazine.com
Information subject to change
09/06/2022 10:37:18