ISOLATED CONVERTERS

1. Push Pull Converters

2. Half Bridge Converters
3. Full Bridge Converters

Module-III (Part 3)
 PUSH PULL Isolated Converter

CONVERTERS
2
 PUSH-PULL CONVERTER - CIRCUIT

Joshua Alackal, ECE CET 3

 PUSH-PULL CONVERTER - WAVEFORMS

Joshua Alackal, ECE CET 4

 PUSH-PULL CONVERTER - WORKING
• The push-pull topology is inherently symmetric through the
use of two identical low-side switches, a transformer with a
centre-tapped primary and secondary, and full-bridge
rectifier diodes.
.

• The two (sets of) devices are in parallel but effectively

operate with inverted polarity — hence the “push” and
“pull”.
• The switches S1 and S2 operate shifted in phase by T=2 with
the same duty ratio D.
• The duty ratio must be smaller than 0.5. When switch S1 is
on, diode D1 conducts and diode D2 is off. The diode states
are reversed when switch S2 is on.
• When both controllable switches are off, the diodes are on
and share equally the filter inductor current.
Joshua Alackal, ECE CET 5
 PUSH-PULL CONVERTER - RELATIONS

Joshua Alackal, ECE CET 6

 PUSH-PULL CONVERTER’S DISTINGUISHING FEATURES

• In symmetrical push-pull circuit, transistors periodically reverse the current

in the transformers by switching on and off units. Therefore, the current is
drawn from the line during both halves of the switching time.
• Push pull amplifiers are commonly used in situations where low distortion,
high efficiency and high output power are required.
• A push-pull amplifier is a type of amplifier that can drive current in either
direction through the load. In terms of distortion and performance, push-pull
amplifiers are more efficient than single-ended amplifiers because of their
push-pull arrangement.

Joshua Alackal, ECE CET 7

HALF BRIDGE Isolated Converter

CONVERTERS
8
 HALF BRIDGE CONVERTERS - CIRCUIT

In comparison to the push-pull converter, the primary switch of the transformer

is simplified at the expense of two voltage-sharing input capacitors.

Joshua Alackal, ECE CET 9

 HALF-BRIDGE REGULATOR - CIRCUIT
A half-bridge converter is a type
of DC-DC converter that, like
flyback and forward
converters, can supply an output
voltage either higher or lower than
the input voltage and provide
electrical isolation via a
transformer.

Joshua Alackal, ECE CET 10

 HALF-BRIDGE REGULATOR - WAVEFORMS

Joshua Alackal, ECE CET 11

 HALF BRIDGE CONVERTERS - RELATIONS
The half bridge converter dc voltage transfer function is;

Joshua Alackal, ECE CET 12

FULL BRIDGE Isolated Converter

CONVERTERS
13
 FULL BRIDGE CONVERTERS - CIRCUIT

Joshua Alackal, ECE CET 14

 FULL-BRIDGE REGULATOR - CIRCUIT

Joshua Alackal, ECE CET 15

 FULL-BRIDGE REGULATOR - WAVEFORMS

Joshua Alackal, ECE CET 16

 FULL BRIDGE CONVERTERS - RELATIONS
The Full bridge converter dc voltage transfer function is;

Joshua Alackal, ECE CET 17

PUSH-PULL, HALF-BRIDGE AND FULL-BRIDGE CONVERTERS - RELATIONS

• A full-bridge converter consists of two legs of a half-bridge converter and is preferred over the half-bridge in higher
power ratings. With the same DC the input voltage, the maximum output voltage of the full-bridge converter is twice
that of the half-bridge converter.
• A push-pull driver might very well be designed for and provide linear operation and not just switching.

Joshua Alackal, ECE CET 18