CBAP® Exam Preparation Course

Lesson 10 - Business Intelligence Perspective

CBAP ®, CCBA ® and BABOK ® are registered certification marks owned by International Institute of Business Analysis.
 WHAT’S IN IT FOR ME

What is Business Intelligence?

Change Scope

What is the Business Analysis Scope?

The Methodologies and Approaches

The Underlying Competencies

The Impact on Knowledge Areas

 INTRODUCTION

According to Gartner:

“Business Intelligence (BI) is an umbrella term that

includes the applications, infrastructure and tools, and best practices that
enable access to and analysis of information
to improve and optimize decisions and performance.”
 INTRODUCTION

Business Business Analysis

Intelligence
Data Value-added Transformed,
Information integrated, and
enhanced data

Tactical Performance

Strategic Performance Operational Performance

Stakeholder
Lesson 10: Business Intelligence Perspective
Topic 10.1: Change Scope

✔ Breadth of Change
✔ Depth of Change
✔ Value and Solutions Delivered
✔ Defect Approach
Delivery per Unit
✔ Major Assumptions
 CHANGE SCOPE
BREADTH OF CHANGE

Business
Intelligence
Solution Solution
Architecture

Key objectives

• Consistent definition and

usage of information
Integrate multiple data Foundation of the
sources Business Intelligence
• Establishing a single point of
Solution
truth

Business Analysis may involve other infrastructure services.

 CHANGE SCOPE
DEPTH OF CHANGE

Focus on the information needed to support decision making at different levels

within the organization

• Requirements for new or replacement

of existing report

• Data integration requirements

• Information requirements
Business Needs
 CHANGE SCOPE
VALUE AND SOLUTIONS DELIVERED

The value of change is in its ability to provide timely, accurate, high-value, and
actionable information.

Strategic process

Better informed
Tactical process
decisions

Operational process
 CHANGE SCOPE
DELIVERY APPROACH

Infrastructure Services

Extensible and Scalable Data Management Presentation

Solution Architecture
Analytics

On premise

Infrastructure

Hybrid Cloud

Big Data
 CHANGE SCOPE
MAJOR ASSUMPTIONS

Availability of
cross functional
data
infrastructure

Process
re-engineering and
Major assumptions of a change
Source data can management
be provided Business intelligence might be needed
by existing initiative
systems
Lesson 10: Business Intelligence Perspective
Topic 10.2: Business Analysis Scope

✔ Key Stakeholders
✔ Business
Defect per Unit outcomes
Analysis
 BUSINESS ANALYSIS SCOPE
KEY STAKEHOLDERS

CHANGE SPONSORS
The top management

Cross-functional stakeholders

Shared business intelligence solutions

CHANGE TARGETS
Multiple levels in the organization
 BUSINESS ANALYSIS SCOPE
KEY STAKEHOLDERS

Business Analyst Position

Business Intelligence
Solution Providers
Stakeholder

Roles

Business
Business Analyst Intelligence
Functional Analyst

Data Modeler or
Data Analyst
Data Architect
 BUSINESS ANALYSIS SCOPE
BUSINESS ANALYSIS OUTCOME

The work of a Business analyst is focused on the major components of solution

architecture.

•Business process coverage

•Decision models

•Source logical data model and data dictionary

•Source data quality assessment

•Target logical data model and data dictionary

•Transformation rules
•Business analytics requirements
•Solution architecture
Lesson 10: Business Intelligence Perspective
Topic 10.3: Methodologies and Approaches

✔ Define methodologies
✔ Describe
Defect per Unit
approaches
 METHODOLOGIES AND APPROACHES
INTRODUCTION

Business Intelligence Within or alongside

Methodologies
initiative

Traditional Approach

Gathering
Data Cleaning Creating
data in
sourcing data reports
warehouse
METHODOLOGIES AND APPROACHES
TYPES OF DATA ANALYTICS

•Descriptive Analytics
•Predictive Analytics
•Prescriptive Analytics
METHODOLOGIES AND APPROACHES (contd.)
TYPES OF DATA ANALYTICS

•Descriptive Analytics
•Predictive Analytics
•Prescriptive Analytics

❑ Uses historical data

❑ Categorizes business information
❑ There are no assumptions
❑ Focus is on the requirements for:
• Standard reporting
• Dashboard
• Ad-hoc reporting
• Query functionality
METHODOLOGIES AND APPROACHES (contd.)
TYPES OF DATA ANALYTICS

•Descriptive Analytics
•Predictive Analytics
•Prescriptive Analytics

❑ Applies statistical analysis

methods to historical data
❑ Focus is on the requirements for:
• Pattern recognition
• Predictive modeling
• Forecasting
• Condition driven alerts
METHODOLOGIES AND APPROACHES (contd.)
TYPES OF DATA ANALYTICS

•Descriptive Analytics
•Predictive Analytics
•Prescriptive Analytics

❑ Expands on predictive analytics

❑ Focus is on:
• Business objectives
• Constraints criteria
• Business rules
METHODOLOGIES AND APPROACHES
SUPPLY AND DEMAND DRIVEN OBJECTIVES

•Objectives and Priorities

•of a Business Intelligence initiative
•Technical goals
•(Supply driven)

•Business goals
•(Demand driven)
 METHODOLOGIES AND APPROACHES
STRUCTURED AND UNSTRUCTURED DATA

•Numerical and categories

•Used in traditional data
Structured Data warehouse solutions
•Focus of business analysis
is on:
•Data model
•Data dictionaries
•Business rules

•Text, images, audio, and

video
Unstructured Data •Used in business intelligence
solutions
•Focus of business analysis is
on:
•Metadata definition
•Data matching algorithms
Lesson 10: Business Intelligence Perspective
Topic 10.4: Underlying Competencies

✔ List the Business analyst’s underlying competencies

Defect per Unit
 UNDERLYING COMPETENCIES
BUSINESS ANALYST’S SPECIFIC COMPETENCIES

•Understand business data and functional usage

•Understand business processes

•Ability to analyze complex data structure

•Decision modeling

•Data analysis techniques including statistics, data profiling, and pivoting

•Data Warehouse and Business Intelligence concepts, and architecture

•Logical and Physical data models

•ETL (Extract, Transform, Load) best practices

•Business Intelligence reporting tools

Lesson 10: Business Intelligence Perspective
Topic 10.5: Impact on Knowledge Areas

✔ Impact of business intelligence on knowledge areas

Defect per Unit
 IMPACT ON KNOWLEDGE AREAS
BUSINESS ANALYSIS KNOWLEDGE AREAS

BUSINESS ANALYSIS PLANNING AND MONITORING

ELICITATION AND COLLABORATION

REQUIREMENTS
STRATEGY
ANALYSIS AND SOLUTION EVALUATION
ANALYSIS
DESIGN DEFINITION

Potential Actual
Value Value
Need Solution Requirements Design Proof of Concept / Pilot / Beta Operating
Scope Prototype

REQUIREMENTS LIFE CYCLE MANAGEMENT

 IMPACT ON KNOWLEDGE AREAS
BUSINESS ANALYSIS PLANNING AND MONITORING

Plan business Plan stakeholder Plan business

analysis approach engagement analysis governance

Plan business Identify business

analysis information analysis performance
management improvements

INPUT OUTPUT
Business
Analyst
Effort of business TASKS Key inputs and
analysts and Organize and coordinate guidelines for other
stakeholders tasks
 IMPACT ON KNOWLEDGE AREAS (contd.)
BUSINESS ANALYSIS PLANNING AND MONITORING

Requires Level of stakeholders and Impacts

Planned
Business Intelligence
business analysts
approach
initiative expertise
Data Structure

Enterprise Business Intelligence

wide business Solution
intelligence
solution
No Direct Value Multiple data Overlapping
sources information
requirements
 •Stakeholder List, Map, or Persons

IMPACT•Metrics and Key Performance Indicators

ON KNOWLEDGE AREAS
•Acceptance and Evaluation Criteria
BUSINESS ANALYSIS PLANNING AND MONITORING - TECHNIQUES
•Balanced Scorecard
•Functional Decomposition

•Roles and Permissions Matrix

•Root Cause Analysis

•Decision Analysis

•Non-Functional Requirements Analysis

•Scope Modeling

•Process Modeling
•Organization Modeling

•Use case and Scenarios

•User Stories

•Estimation
•Prioritization
•Item Tracking
•Risk Analysis and Management

•Reviews
•Brainstorming
 IMPACT ON KNOWLEDGE AREAS
ELICITATION AND COLLABORATION

•Prepare for elicitation

•Conduct elicitation
•Confirm elicitation results
•Communicate Business Analysis information
•Manage stakeholder collaboration

Prepare for and conduct Communication with Ongoing collaboration with

elicitation activities and stakeholders once the stakeholders throughout
confirm results obtained business analysis the business analysis
information is assembled activities
 IMPACT ON KNOWLEDGE AREAS (contd.)
ELICITATION AND COLLABORATION
Individual Stakeholder Cross functional Stakeholders Data Models and Data Dictionaries

May have partial Discover overlapping Provide data structure and

knowledge and expertise and common business rules
information

Decision Models

Process
Models Commercial-Off-The-Shelf (COTS)
packages of business intelligence

Provide data sources Provide existing business Provide highly effective

required at decision points rules for decisions prototyping tools
 IMPACT ON KNOWLEDGE AREAS
ELICITATION AND COLLABORATION - TECHNIQUES

•Stakeholder List, Map, or Persons

•Document Analysis

•Interviews

•Brainstorming

•Focus Groups
•Workshops
•Observations
•Prototyping
•Interface Analysis
•Surveys or Questionnaires

•Functional Decomposition

•Glossary

•Item Tracking
 IMPACT ON KNOWLEDGE AREAS
REQUIREMENTS LIFE CYCLE MANAGEMENT

Maintain Prioritize Assess Approve

Trace requirements requiremen requiremen requiremen requiremen
ts ts t changes ts

The tasks that business analysts perform in order to manage and maintain
the requirements and the design information from inception to
retirement.

Establish meaningful Assess, analyze, and gain

relationships between consensus on the
related requirements and proposed changes
designs
 IMPACT ON KNOWLEDGE AREAS (contd.)
REQUIREMENTS LIFE CYCLE MANAGEMENT

Business intelligence requires

infrastructure capabilities in the
solution.

Structural dependencies may drive

prioritization.
 IMPACT ON KNOWLEDGE AREAS
REQUIREMENTS LIFE CYCLE MANAGEMENT - TECHNIQUES

•Stakeholder List, Map, or Persons

•Roles and Permission Matrix

•Organizational Modeling

•Workshop
•Reviews
•Prioritization
•Item Tracking
 IMPACT ON KNOWLEDGE AREAS
STRATEGY ANALYSIS

•Analyze current state

•Define future state
•Assess Risks
•Define change strategy

Collaborate with Enable the enterprise to Align the resulting strategy

stakeholders address that need
 IMPACT ON KNOWLEDGE AREAS (contd.)
STRATEGY ANALYSIS
Strategy analysis tasks are modified in the following ways:

Map current state of enterprise

With high level conceptual data models
information

Evaluate current data management With organizational data modeling

infrastructure and data governance

✔
With high level models – Logical data models, Data
Define future state by mapping
flow models, Decision models, and Physical data
the architecture for data storage
models

📄 Support incremental implementation

across functional areas of business With extensible architecture solution

⮈ • Change strategy is based on business needs and priority

• May impact business operation and usability of infrastructure
⮈
IMPACT•Backlog
ON KNOWLEDGE
Management AREAS
STRATEGY ANALYSIS
•Benchmarking and -Market
TECHNIQUES
Analysis
•SWOT Analysis
•Root Cause Analysis
•Business Rules Analysis

•Decision Analysis

•Document Analysis
•Stakeholder List, Map or Personas
•Organizational Modeling
•Decision Modeling
•Data Modeling
•Data Flow Diagram

•Brainstorming

•Focus Groups

•Functional Decomposition

•Glossary

•Risk Analysis and Management

 IMPACT ON KNOWLEDGE AREAS
REQUIREMENTS ANALYSIS AND DESIGN DEFINITION

Define Analyze
Specify and
Verify Validate requirem Define potential value
model
requireme requireme ents design and
requireme
nts nts architectu options recommend
nts
re solution

Initial concept A particular

Incremental and iterative
and exploration recommended
activities
of the need solution
 IMPACT ON KNOWLEDGE AREAS (contd.)
REQUIREMENTS ANALYSIS AND DESIGN DEFINITION

•Specify and model the data that has been captured

•Identify data availability, redundancies, inconsistencies, and data quality issues

•Create a future state data model
•Define specific business rules
•Analyze existing report
•Identify and specify content and format of new business intelligence output
•Assess capabilities of COTS with specified requirements
 •Balanced Scorecard
IMPACT ONRules
•Business KNOWLEDGE
Analysis AREAS
REQUIREMENTS ANALYSIS
•DecisionAND
AnalysisDESIGN DEFINITION - TECHNIQUES
•Document Analysis
•Non Functional Requirements Analysis

•Interface Analysis
•Stakeholder List, Map or Personas
•Functional Decomposition
•Data Dictionary

•Glossary

•Prioritization
•Reviews

•Vendor Assessment
•Scope Modeling

•Process Modeling
•Organizational Modeling
•Decision Modeling

•Data Modeling
•State Modeling

•Sequence Diagram
 IMPACT ON KNOWLEDGE AREAS
SOLUTION EVALUATION
•Measure
•solution performance

•Analyze
•performance measures
•Assess
•solution limitations
•Assess
•enterprise limitations

•Recommend actions to increase solution value

ADDITIONAL TECHNIQUES

Assess the performance of and value

delivered by a solution $
$
Recommend removal of barriers or
constraints
 IMPACT ON KNOWLEDGE AREAS (contd.)
SOLUTION EVALUATION

Solution Evaluation tasks are modified because of:

Under utilization of information resources and analytic functionality that the

solution provides

Stakeholders may not be fully aware of the business intelligence capabilities

Stakeholders

Need for exploration and evaluation of opportunities for additional

value
 •Balanced Scorecard
IMPACT •SWOT
ON Analysis
KNOWLEDGE AREAS
SOLUTION•Business
EVALUATION
Rules Analysis- TECHNIQUES
•Decision Analysis

•Stakeholder List, Map or Personas

•Functional Decomposition

•Glossary
•Prioritization

•Estimation

•Item Tracking

•Risk Analysis and Management

•Vendor Assessment
•Process Modeling

•Organizational Modeling
•Decision Modeling
•Data Modeling

•Observations
•Prototyping

•Interviews
•Focus Groups
 KEY TAKEAWAYS

A key objective of a business intelligence system is the consistent

definition and usage of information throughout an organization by
establishing a single point of truth for all business data.

Business intelligence initiatives focus on the transformation of data

into value added information needed to support decision making.

The value of a business intelligence initiative is in its ability to

provide timely, accurate, high value and actionable information to
the stakeholders for making business decisions.

There are three types of data analytics — Descriptive, Predictive,

and Prescriptive — with increasing levels of systems complexity,
cost, and value.
The objectives and priorities of a business intelligence initiative can
be based on technical goals (supply driven) or business goals
(demand driven).
Two types of data, structured data and unstructured data, are
considered in business intelligence approaches.

Infrastructure components of a business intelligence solution are

often provided by a commercial-off-the-shelf package configured to
specific business environments and needs.
Lesson 10: Business Intelligence Perspective
Topic 10.6: Case Study Exercise
 CASE STUDY
OVERVIEW – CURRENT STATE

John is a business analyst in an e-commerce company in

the retail segment. This segment is highly competitive and
it’s important to stay focused on improving solution
capabilities and customer experience, analyzing customer
feedback, and understanding customer behavior to keep
up with volatile sales trends.

Business Intelligence is a critical success factor for any

large e-commerce business in this cut-throat industry.
 CASE STUDY
OVERVIEW – FUTURE STATE

The business team needs a solution which can be used

for creating various models, and perform analytics to
understand trends and patterns. It’s also required that the
business intelligence solution should integrate
transactional data, weblogs, and other social network
data. The outcome of analytics would be used for target
marketing, maintaining inventory, logistics, and adding
more relevant products and so on.
 CASE STUDY
BUSINESS ANALYSIS ACTIVITIES

John has conducted various elicitation sessions with

business intelligence stakeholders and solution providers
to elicit, analyze, and specify the requirements and
designs.
Business analysis activities are performed to:
• Identify data sources, as an integration approach, and
for transformation rules
• Determine the frequency at which each data source
shall be loaded and processed
• Specify the information required at different levels
within the organization
• Determine the infrastructure required
• Identify ways to provide targeted information and
analytics insight to business stakeholders
 CASE STUDY
BUSINESS ANALYSIS ACTIVITIES

Existing artifacts are used to understand the current data

management infrastructure, data governance, definitions
of the data structure, and business rules. Various models
are created when modeling and specifying the business
analysis information. It’s also determined to use
commercial off-the-shelf software for data visualization Business Analyst
and integrate with in-house business intelligence solution.
The solution is evaluated to ensure that the deliverables
meet the business and stakeholder needs.

Business Analysis
Activities

Stakeholders
 CASE STUDY
EXERCISE
Questions Options
1 Business intelligence initiatives focus on the information required at process level. o Process decisions
What type of decisions is taken at this level? o Strategic decisions
o Tactical decisions
o Operational decisions

2 Which analytics technique is used to identify patterns? o Descriptive analytics

o Predictive analytics
o Prescriptive analytics
o Adaptive analytics

3 Which models are used to understand the current data management infrastructure, o Data Models and Business Models
data governance, definitions of the data structure, and business rules? o Data Models and Process Models
o Organization Modeling and data Models
o None of the above

4 Which models are least likely to be referred to or created in the case o Business Models
study? o Logical Data Models
o Decision Models
o Physical Data Models

5 Which elicitation technique is least likely to be used by the business o Interviews

analyst with business intelligence stakeholders and solution providers? o Workshops
o Brainstorming
o Focus Groups
 CASE STUDY
ANSWERS
Questions Response
1 Business intelligence initiatives focus on the information required at process level.
What type of decisions is taken at this level? Operational decisions

2 Which analytics technique is used to identify patterns? Adaptive analytics

3 Which models are used to understand the current data management infrastructure, Organization Modeling and data models
data governance, definitions of the data structure, and business rules?

4 Which models are least likely to be referred to or created in the case Business Models
study?

5 Which elicitation technique is least likely to be used by the business Focus Groups
analyst with business intelligence stakeholders and solution providers?
Quiz
QUIZ
What does ETL stand for?
1

a. Extend, Transfer, Lead

b. Extract, Transform, Load

c. Extract, Transact, Learn

d. Extend, Transform, Load

 QUIZ
What does ETL stand for?
1

a. Extend, Transfer, Lead

b. Extract, Transform, Load

c. Extract, Transact, Learn

d. Extend, Transform, Load

The correct answer is b.

Explanation: ETL stands for Extract, Transform, Load.
QUIZ
Tactical decisions are taken at which level of an organization?
2

a. Process level

b. Operational level

c. Executive level

d. Management level
 QUIZ
Tactical decisions are taken at which level of an organization?
2

a. Process level

b. Operational level

c. Executive level

d. Management level

The correct answer is d.

Explanation: Tactical decisions are taken at the management level of an organization.
QUIZ In which type of data analytics does the business analysis focus on the business
objectives, constraints criteria, and the business rules?
3

a. Predictive

b. Descriptive

c. Prescriptive

d. Embedded
 QUIZ In which type of data analytics does the business analysis focus on the business
objectives, constraints criteria, and the business rules?
3

a. Predictive

b. Descriptive

c. Prescriptive

d. Embedded

The correct answer is c.

Explanation: In prescriptive data analytics, the business analysis focus is on the business
objectives, constraints criteria, and the business rules that are the basis for the decision
making process.
QUIZ
The value of a business intelligence initiative is in its ability to provide ______________.
4

a. timely, accurate, high value and actionable information to the stakeholders

b. enterprise wide solution

c. infrastructure services

d. transform data into information and present it to the stakeholders

 QUIZ
The value of a business intelligence initiative is in its ability to provide ______________.
4

a. timely, accurate, high value and actionable information to the stakeholders

b. enterprise wide solution

c. infrastructure services

d. transform data into information and present it to the stakeholders

The correct answer is a

Explanation: The value of a business intelligence initiative is in its ability to provide timely,
accurate, high value, and actionable information to the stakeholders.
 This concludes “The Business Intelligence
Perspective.”
The next lesson is “The Information Technology Perspective.”
THANK YOU