MARINE PUMPS

RotorRotor-Dynamic Pumps Centrifugal Pumps

RotorRotor-Dynamic Pumps
RotorRotor-dynamic pumps can be broadly classified into three main types, there are: a) Centrifugal pumps b) Mixed flow pumps c) Axial flow pumps (also known as propeller pumps)

RotorRotor-Dynamic Pumps

RotorRotor-Dynamic Pumps

Positive Displacement vs Centrifugal

Positive Displacement Modes of Operation Takes clearly defined volumes of fluid from the inlet side of the pump, and transfer the fluid to the delivery side Centrifugal Relies on the hydrodynamic action of impellers, which are mounted onto the motordriven shaft to induce fluid flow from the inlet to the delivery side Has no ability to sustain pressure when at rest; the inductive action relies entirely on the impeller motion Limited pressure on the delivery side when kinetic energy is converted to pressure by the volute.

Ability to hold pressure

Seals to prevent the fluid returning to the inlet side when the pump is stopped High pressure is generated by displacing the liquid against the resistance on the delivery side.

Ability to generate pressure

Centrifugal vs Mixed-Flow Pumps Mixed-

Centrifugal Pump

Centrifugal vs Mixed-Flow Pumps Mixed-

Centrifugal Pump
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B8MV09HF-nY&feature=related

Mixed-Flow Pump

Centrifugal vs Mixed-Flow Pumps Mixed-

Centrifugal Pump

Mixed-Flow Pump

Centrifugal vs Axial Flow Pumps

Centrifugal Pump Axial-Flow Pump

RotorRotor-Dynamic Pumps
Centrifugal Direction of flow through impeller Enters axially from one side of impeller and flow radially outwards Mixed-Flow Enters axially from both sides of impeller and flow radially outwards Medium Axial-Flow Enter axially and flow axially outwards Higher Propeller pumps can be very large Medium Shaft could only fit one impeller Lower Shaft could only fit one impeller

Comparative Lower capacity (flow rate) Physical size Comparative Higher (up to 16 pressure (flow rate) bars) Number of impellers Can be connected in series to increase pressure

Centrifugal Pump - Description

Main parts: Impeller Shaft Impeller journal Wear ring Casing Bearing Bush Packing / Mechanical seal Coupling spacer Shaft coupling

Spaced coupled vs Closed coupled

Centrifugal Pumps

Design of centrifugal pumps can vary widely in details Most have the characteristic volute shape of casing, necessary for efficient collection of the outflow from the impeller, converting the kinetic energy into pressure energy.

MixedMixed-flow Pump
Main parts: - Impeller - Shaft - Impeller journal - Wear ring - Casing - Bearing Bush - Packing / Mechanical seal - Coupling spacer - Shaft coupling

MultiMulti-Stage Centrifugal Pump

Main parts: Impeller Shaft Impeller journal Wear ring Casing Packing / Mechanical seal

MultiMulti-Stage Centrifugal Pump

Series of centrifugal pumps arranged to supply one another in series and thus progressively increase the discharge pressure. pressure. Applications: -Deep-well cargo pumping (vertical), Deepdriven by electric motors or hydraulic motors outside the tanks - Boiler feed pump (horizontal)

Air-Priming Air

Centrifugal pumps are not self-priming selfRequire some means of removing air from the suction pipeline and filling it with liquid. Purposes:
To avoid running the pump dry that could damage the sealing surfaces between journal and wear-rings wearTo enable pumping (taking suction and deliver the fluid) as soon as the pump is run

Air-Priming Air

Where the liquid to be pumped is at level higher than the pump,

Open an air cock near the pump suction will enable the air to be forced out as the pipeline fills up under the action of gravity.

If the pump is below sea water level, and sea water priming is permissible in the system,
Open a sea water injection valve and the air cock on the pump will effect priming.

Air-Priming Air

Air priming unit can be provided to individual pumps.

Air-Priming Methods (General) Air-

Manual Filling

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Air-Priming Methods (General) Air-

Air-Priming Methods (General) Air-

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Air-Priming Methods (General) Air-

Air-Priming Air

Central priming system may be connected to several pumping systems.

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AxialAxial-Flow Pumps

AxialAxial-flow (and semi-axial-flow) pumps are semi-axialfrequently used for large volumes (capacity) and low heads (pressure). They are simple and occupy little space. It is an equivalent to a low lift centrifugal pump.

AxialAxial-Flow Pumps

An axial-flow pump uses a screw propeller to axialaccelerate the liquid. The outlet passages and guide vanes are arranged to convert the velocity increase of the liquid into a pressure.

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AxialAxial-Flow Pumps

AxialAxial-Flow Pumps

An axial-flow pump uses a screw propeller to axialaccelerate the liquid. The outlet passages and guide vanes are arranged to convert the velocity increase of the liquid into a pressure. They are reversible in flow direction provided that they are driven by a reversible primer-mover. primer-

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AxialAxial-Flow Pumps

Pump casing is split either horizontally or vertically to provide access to the propeller. A stuff-box prevents leakage where the shaft leaves stuffthe casing. A thrust bearing of tilting pad type is fitted on the drive shaft.

AxialAxial-Flow Pumps

The axial-flow pump is used where large quantity of axialwater at a low head is required. In Steam Turbine ships, they are often used in condenser circulating or as a supplementary pump in condenser scoop circulating (since the pump offers little resistance to flow when idling). With scoop circulation, the normal movement of the ship will draw in water; the pump would be in use only when the ship is moving slowly or stopped.

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Propeller Pumps

Scoop System

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