24-8 Humera

“EFFECTIVENESS OF PLANNED TEACHING PROGRAMME ON
KNOWLEDGE AND EXPRESSED PRACTICE REGARDING HOUSEHOLD
WASTE DISPOSAL MANAGEMENT AMONG HOUSEWIVES”
BY
MS. HUMERA A. MISTER
RESEARCH DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO
SUMANDEEP VIDYAPEETH,
AN INSTITUTION DEEMED TO BE UNIVERSITY, VADODARA
(ACCREDITED BY, NAAC GRADE “A++” WITH 3.61 CGPA)
IN PARTIAL FULFIILMENT OF THE DEGREE OF
MASTER OF SCIENCE IN NURSING
(COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING)
UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF

MR. SADDAM HUSSAIN
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR
COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING DEPARTMENT
SUMANDEEP NURSING COLLEGE

VADODARA, GUJARAT
2020-2022
DECLARATION BY THE CANDIDATE
I hereby declare that the dissertation entitled “A study to assess the effectiveness
of planned teaching programme on knowledge and expressed practice regarding
household waste disposal management among housewives in selected rural
community of Gujarat.” is bonafide and genuine research work carried out by Ms.
Humera A. Mister M.sc Nursing student, under the guidance of Mr. Saddam Hussain,
Assistant Professor, Department of Community Health Nursing, Sumandeep Nursing
College, Piparia, Vadodara.
Date: Signature of the Candidate

Place: Piparia, Vadodara Ms. Humera A. Mister
Sumandeep Nursing College
I
CERTIFICATE BY THE GUIDE
This is to certify that the dissertation entitled “A study to assess the effectiveness
community of Gujarat.” is bonafide and genuine research work done by Ms. Humera
A. Mister M.Sc. Nursing student, under the guidance of Mr. Saddam Hussain,
Assistant Professor, Department of Community Health Nursing and in a partial
fulfilment of the requirement for degree of Master of Science in Nursing.
Date: Signature of the guide:

Place: Piparia, Vadodara Mr. Saddam Hussain
Assistant Professor
Dept. of Community Health Nursing
II
CERTIFICATE BY THE CO-GUIDE
A. Mister M.Sc. Nursing student, under the co-guidance of Mr. Adithya S., Associate
Professor & HOD, Department of Community Health Nursing and in a partial fulfilment
of the requirement for degree of Master of Science in Nursing.

Place: Piparia, Vadodara Mr. Adithya S.
Associate Professor & HOD
III
ENDORSEMENT BY THE HEAD OF DEPARTMENT
A. Mister M.sc Nursing student, under the guidance of Mr. Saddam Hussain.,
Assistant professor, Department of Community Health Nursing and in a partial
fulfilment of the requirement for degree of Master of Science in Nursing.

Place: Piparia, Vadodara Mr. Adithya S.
IV
ENDORSEMENT BY THE PRINCIPAL / HEAD OF THE
INSTITUTION
A. Mister M.sc Nursing student, under the guidance of Mr. Saddam Hussain, Assistant
Professor, Department of Community Health Nursing and in partial fulfillment of
requirement for degree of Master of Science in Nursing.
Date: Signature & Seal of the Principal

Place: Piparia, Vadodara Dr. Anita Prakasam
Principal
V
COPYRIGHT
Declaration by the Candidate
I hereby declare that the Sumandeep Vidyapeeth, An Institution Deemed to be

University, Piparia, Vadodara District, Gujarat. have the rights to preserve, use and
disseminate this dissertation in print or electronic format for academic/research purpose.
Date: Signature of the Candidate

Place: Piparia, Vadodara Ms. Humera A. Mister
VI
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I am grateful to almighty God for this abundant grace, blessing and unconditional love
showered on me throughout the study; I owe a deep sense of gratitude to all those have
contributed for the successful completion of study
I owe a deep sense of gratitude to whoever contributed to accomplishment of the study.
At the very outset, I wish to acknowledge and thanks Dr. Mansukh Sir, Founder of
Sumandeep Vidyapeeth, An Institution Deemed to be University, who give me an
opportunity to undertake the course in this esteemed institute.
I would like to express my heartfelt gratitude and regard to Dr. Rajesh Bharaney, Vice
Chancellor of Sumandeep Vidyapeeth, An Institution Deemed to be University, for
his valuable guidance and support to carry out the dissertation work successfully.
I am immensely thankful to Dr. A K Seth, Research Director, Sumandeep
Vidyapeeth, An Institution Deemed to be University, for constant encouragement and
affectionate moral support during course of action.
I am thankful to Dr. Rashmi Bhavsar, Member Secretory, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth
Institutional Ethics Committee, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth, An Institution Deemed to
be University, for ethical approval to conduct the study, constant encouragement,
guidance and affectionate moral support rendered during the study period.
I express my sincere gratitude to Dr. Anita Prakasam, Principal of Sumandeep
Nursing College, for her valuable suggestions, constant guidance and encouragement
given throughout the period of study.
I Ms. Humera A. Mister want to record my sentiment of gratitude to one and all that has
helped me in this learning experience. The present study has been completed by the
expert guidance of Mr. Saddam Hussain, Assistant professor, Department of
Community Health Nursing. Sumandeep Nursing College, I would like to express my
heartfelt thanks and gratitude for his support, expert guidance and constant supervision
right from the conception stage to final stage.
I express my sincere gratitude to Mr. Adithya S., Associate Professor & HOD of
Community Health Nursing, for his valuable suggestions, constant guidance and
encouragement given throughout the period of study.
VII
I would like to thank the faculty, Department of Community Health Nursing respect to
Mrs. Amritpreet Kaur, Associate professor for being source of inspiration in every
phase of this dissertation.
I owe a great deal of constant appreciation & gratitude to my class coordinator
Dr. Suresh V, Professor & HOD, Department of Mental Health Nursing for guidance
and showing the flexibility in arranging the time table during phase of data collection and
data analysis which was essential to complete the dissertation.
It gives me great pleasure to express my sincere thanks to the Faculties of Sumandeep
Nursing College, for their constant encouragement, guidance, valuable suggestion and
their loving attitude towards completion of the study.
I would also like to thank my parents Mr. Aiyubbhai Mister and Mrs. Zulekhaben
Mister and my husband Mr. Suhel Patel and all family members for their constant love,
support, & fulfilling needs during research work.
And also, thanks to all my classmates for their continuous help & making my research
possible.
I would like to thank the non-teaching staffs of Sumandeep Nursing College, for their
timely support and help.
Further I would like to thank the staffs of Learning Resource Centre, Sumandeep
Vidyapeeth, An Institution Deemed to be University, for providing all the facilities for
completion of study.
I am grateful to all experts for their valuable suggestions and validating the tool on time
for data collection.
A word of appreciation and gratitude to the Housewives and their families for readily and
willingly participating in this study. This study wouldn’t have been possible without their
cooperation.
My sincere thanks and gratitude to all those who have directly or indirectly helped in
successful completion of study.
Ms. Humera A. Mister
VIII
TABLE OF CONTENT
Sr. No. Content Page No.
1. Introduction
2. Review of Literature
3. Research Methodology
4. Analysis and Interpretation of the data
5. Discussion, Conclusion and Summary
6. References
7. Annexures
IX
LIST OF TABLES
Sr. No. Title Page No.
1. Frequency and percentage distribution of subjects according
to their demographic characteristics of housewives.
2. Frequency and percentage distribution of subjects according
to their demographic characteristics of housewives.
3. Frequency and percentage distribution of pre-test and post-test
level of knowledge score of housewives on household waste
disposal management.
4. Frequency and percentage distribution of pre-test and post-test
of expressed practice score of housewives on household waste
5. Effectiveness of planned teaching programme on knowledge
regarding household waste disposal management among
housewives.
6. Effectiveness of planned teaching programme on expressed
practice regarding household waste disposal management
among housewives.
7. Relationship between knowledge and expressed practice of
household waste disposal management among housewives.
8. Association between level of knowledge regarding household
waste disposal management with selected Demographic
variables among housewives.
9. Association between level of knowledge regarding household
10. Association between expressed practice regarding household
X
LIST OF TABLES
11. Association between expressed practice regarding household
XI
LIST OF FIGURES
1. Conceptual Framework Based on Rosenstock Health Belief
Model-1974.
2. Schematic diagram of Research Design.
3. Schematic representation of Research Methodology.
4. Percentage distribution of subjects according to age in years.
5. Percentage distribution of subjects according to religion.
6. Percentage distribution of subjects according to education
qualification.
7. Percentage distribution of subjects according to type of house.
8. Percentage distribution of subjects according to type of family.
9. Percentage distribution of subjects according to no. of family
member.
10. Percentage distribution of subjects according to monthly family
income.
11. Percentage distribution of subjects according to disposal of
household waste at home.
12. Percentage distribution of subjects according to availability of
space for kitchen gardening.
13. Percentage distribution of subjects according to awareness about
household waste disposal management.
14. Percentage distribution of subjects according to specification of
source of information.
15. Percentage distribution of pre-test and post-test level of
knowledge score of household waste disposal management
among housewives.
16. Percentage distribution of pre-test and post-test expressed
practice score of household waste disposal management among
housewives.
XII
LIST OF ANNEXURES
Sr. N0. Title Page No.
1. Certificate of Ethical Clearance
2. Change of Guide Certificate
3. Letter seeking permission to conduct the research study (Pilot
study & Main study)
4. Letter seeking acceptance for tool validation
5. Certificate of validation of the tool
6. List of experts validated the tool
7. Participant information consent form (English and Guajarati)
8. Participant information sheet (English and Gujarati)
9. Plagiarism report
10. Study Completion Certificate
11. Blue print of the tool
12. Tool (English and Gujarati)
13. Answer key of the tool
14. List of formulas
15. Lesson plan on household waste disposal management
(English and Gujarati)
16. Master sheets
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
Sr. No. Abbreviation Meaning
XIII
1. HHWDM Household waste disposal management
2. CH4 Methane
3. MSW Municipal Solid Waste
4. MTs Metric tonnes
5. MgCO2 Magnesium carbonite
6. GHG Greenhouse gases
7. HBM Health belief model
8. PTP Planned teaching programme
9. HCC Hierarchical condition category
10. HSW Household solid waste
11. AOR Adjusted odds ratio
12. CI Confidence interval
13. QDA Qualitative data analysis
14. PEB Pro-environmental behaviour
15. SMW Solid Municipal Waste
16. KAP Knowledge, attitude and practice
17. E-waste Electronic waste
18. HHWM Hazardous Household waste l management
19. STATA 12 Statistical software for data science
20. NVIVO Quality analysis software
21. NS Not- significant
22. S* Significant
23. R Reliability
24. Df Degree of freedom
25. SD Standard deviation
26. χ2 Chi-square
27. F Frequency
28. % Percentage
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
Sr. No. Abbreviation Meaning
XIV
29. H Hypothesis
30. < Less than
31. > Greater than
32. ≤ Less than and equal to
33. ≥ Greater than and equal to
34. Fig. Figure
35. ROL Review of literature
ABSTRACT
XV
Background of study: Globally, the fast growth in population leads to a dramatic
upsurge in waste production, with socio-financial and environmental results on society.
As of 2016, annual global Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) generation levels are 2.01
billion metric tonnes. India, the second populous country in the world, generates 147.6
million metric tonnes of solid waste per day. Public health is largely affected by the waste
generation from the human kind and it cause several diseases for that new techniques are
required for powerful waste management. The household waste disposal management is a
huge difficulty for local government in lots of villages of developing nations.
Aim and objectives: This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of planned teaching
programme on knowledge and expressed practice, find out the association between pre-
test knowledge and expressed practice score with selected demographic variables and
find out the correlation between knowledge and expressed practice regarding household
waste disposal management among housewives.
Materials And Method: Quantitative research approach with pre-experimental one

group pre-test post-test research design was used to conduct the study. Non-probability
convenient sampling technique was adopted to select 370 housewives from selected rural
community of Gujarat. Self-structured knowledge questionnaire and checklist was used
to assess the level of knowledge and expressed practice regarding household waste
disposal management among housewives.
Result: The study finding revealed that the pre-test knowledge score 227 (61%) of the
subjects had moderate knowledge and 28 (8%) of the subjects had adequate knowledge.
The post-test knowledge score 230 (62%) had moderate knowledge and 139 (38%) had
adequate knowledge. For the expressed practice 230 (62%) of the subjects had moderate
practice whereas 29 (8%) of the subjects had adequate practice. The post-test expressed
practice score 188 (51%) had Good practice and 7 (2%) had poor practice. The paired ‘t’
test value is 22.22 which is greater than the table value at level p<0.05. The positive
correlation 0.95 found between knowledge and expressed practice. There was source of
information variable was found statistically significant between pre-test knowledge and
expressed practice score with selected demographic variables.
XVI
Conclusion: The study findings revealed that planned teaching programme was highly
effective. therefore, in order to improve the solid waste management in rural community
household there is need to address the knowledge, behavioural aspects of household
waste management will help in decision-making and public health campaigns to reduce
exposure to uncollected waste. The provision of dustbins is the most efficient and
effective ways of improving the waste management challenge as it will go a long way to
improve sanitation and minimize the disease.
Keyword: Assess, Effectiveness, Knowledge, Expressed practice, Planned teaching

programme, Housewives, Household waste disposal management, Rural community.
XVII
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
“Sanitation is more important than independence” – Mahatma Gandhi
Household waste disposal is primarily in the area of hygiene professionals and
public health technicians. However, improper waste disposal possesses a health risk, so
healthcare professionals need to have a basic knowledge of this area. In addition, medical
professionals may be asked to provide advice in some special situations. Addressing
house cleaning or waste disposal issues when community health services are disrupted or
collapsed due to a natural disaster. The term “household waste” includes Nonhazardous
waste can include Organic waste (Kitchen waste, leftover food, flowers, leaves, etc.) and
Recyclable waste (tin, glass, plastic, wood, paper, metals). Which can be Recyclable and
or composted. Hazardous waste includes Demolition products (Old medicines, paints,
chemicals, bulbs, spray cans, fertilizer and pesticide container, batteries, shoe polish) (1).
Globally, the fast growth in population leads to a dramatic upsurge in waste
production, with socio-financial and environmental results on society. Currently, there
may be a general consensus at the tips for sustainable household waste management,
however, restrained efforts have up to now been performed on this regard, and those are
tailored to the precise tips and desires of every country wide or local authority. New
techniques are required to layout numerous and variable city fashions for powerful waste
management The household waste disposal management is a huge difficulty for local
government in lots of villages of developing nations (2).
In developing countries, it is believed that female-headed households are poorer
with lower socioeconomic status and are most vulnerable to income shortages than male-
headed households. The system of solid waste disposal and management is not uniform
due to government established mechanisms, differences in socioeconomic factors such as
location, gender, education, income among others. Besides, poor drainages, the
emergence of small ponds, littering of tins, and waterproof materials store waste and
rainwater which are habitats for mosquitoes and other disease-causing organisms. This
situation of poor-quality water, poor environmental hygiene, and poor cleanliness are the
major sources of the declining health condition of the people of the country (3).
1
The terrible situations of household waste in those regions are represented via
way of means of the buildup of waste, a low waste series rate, and the random dumping
or burning trash in open spaces . Improper waste disposal practices which include
(4-7)
burning or dumping of waste at roadsides and vacant lands can also additionally motive
environmental, health, and aesthetic damage, in addition to depletion of natural and
financial resources (8).
At first and earlier than making choices concerning enhancing the modern waste
practices or providing new waste control scenarios, it is significant to have an overall
perception of various aspects related to waste issues. The first and essential factor is to
recognize the quantity and traits of waste generated on the way to decide the maximum a
hit and green waste control plans (9). It is common in developing countries that the daily
amount of waste collected is not equal to the amount of actual waste produced by
households. This may be attributed to insufficient waste series offerings and casual waste
selecting activities. Thus, primary statistics on waste traits which might be integral for the
layout and making plans of the stable waste control centers are absent. or at best, they're
ambiguous and untrustworthy as they're derived from extraordinary reassets primarily
based totally on estimates and judgments as opposed to accurate measurements and area
investigations (10).
Household waste is one of the main sources of waste such as food waste, paper,
plastic, rags, metal and glass. Household waste is one of the solid wastes managed by
Kanthariya village Bharuch district, Gujarat and covers 5500 population. Therefore, the
assessment of household waste in inhabitants' households is important to address their
awareness and practice in planning effective forms of household waste disposal
management. Some of the key factors that influence the effectiveness of household waste
disposal management are consideration of family size, family monthly income, education
qualification (11)
. where household characteristics determine recycling behavior and
sociodemographic conditions vary from community to community. Socio-economic
conditions and housing conditions also affect the amount and disposal of household
waste. Therefore, it is important to understand the characteristics and needs of different
households in order to design an appropriate waste management program (12).
2
The efficiency of household waste management services in terms of human
interfaces within the delivery domain remains largely unknown. For example, there is
virtually no overall assessment of a people’s perception of the efficiency of the services
of a particular waste management provider across the village. integrating information on
household waste management efficiency and people’s satisfaction is essential to support
policy direction and improve sustainable waste management. However, an overall
assessment of the efficiency or quality of waste management services cannot be
completed without the peoples view of the waste services so provided (2).
Household composting or kitchen gardening is recognized by both local and
national governments for its contribution to reducing household waste from the
landfilled. However, the impact of kitchen gardening on the backyard of house from
landfills is uncertain. The amount of biodegradable waste based on the amount input to
the Corresponds of the rate. In kitchen gardening Measurements of temperature and gas
composition helps in that the decomposition of organic matter. In the composting
procedure aerobic and traces of CH4 detected. end use of composted products for the
growth vegetables and fruits and many organic foods for consumption (13). biodegradable
waste such as kitchen waste and garden waste as a substrate for the hatchery. Cold frames
have long been used in the vegetable garden, but most of them are bred in animal manure,
usually Animal manure. temperature was measured until the temperature of the soil in the
garden reached the temperature in the hotbed and cold frame. The kitchen gardening
minimizes the amount of waste collected from the home (14).
Public health is largely affected by the waste generation from the human kind and
it cause disease like Skin disorders, respiratory abnormalities, abdominal and intestinal
problems, dental disorders, ear infections, skeletal muscular systems (back pain), central
nervous system (neurological impairment), eye infections, chronic conditions (anemia),
malaria, chicken pox, septic wounds and congenital abnormalities, cardiovascular
disease, and lung cancer are among serious diseases (15).
NEED FOR STUDY
Several research studies have been conducted to investigate the generation and
composition of household waste in different parts of the world. These studies have shown
that investigating the properties of waste is important for several reasons. Because it is
3
necessary to identify the possibility of recycling from the waste mixture, identify the
source of the waste, and facilitate the design of the treatment plant.
Globally, solid waste management is a major environmental issue. As of 2016,
annual global Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) generation levels are 2.01 billion metric
tonnes (MTs), with the per capita waste generation of 740 g per day. Owing to rapid
urbanization and population growth, waste generation is expected to increase by 70%
from 2016 levels to 3.4 billion MTs per year in 2050 . India, the second populous
(16, 17)
country in the world, generates 147.6 million metric tonnes of solid waste per day. The
per capita waste generation ranges from 170 g to 620 g per day with an annual increase of
1.3% (17).
Syria is one of the countries lacking updated on composition and generation of
household waste and its impacts on health. In the context About 80% of household waste
was disposed of in illegal landfills on the outskirts of the city. Damage to waste disposal
infrastructure has accumulated large amounts of solid waste on the streets of Syrian cities
. The other studies also declare that the country like Ethiopia is facing development of
(9)
informal settlement with poor waste management practices. And the solid waste
management is becoming major public health and environmental concerns. The statistical
data shows that only 2% population receives solid waste collection services (15).
The study conducted on Malaysia like Bachok, Tumpat and Pasir Puteh are the
district with the lowest Percentage of garbage collection facilities. The study shows that
Bachok (34.9%), Pasir Mas (36.6%), and Pasir Puteh (38%) households are without
garbage collection facilities The main cause of the problem is due to lack of financial
resources, human resources and transportation. (11). The study conducted in Sri Lanka has
a predominantly rural population that is facing rapid changes in its social, cultural and
physical environments. These changes are likely to have improved socio-economic status
and as well as adverse health impacts. In the case of Hambantota and Ampara the
estimated rural populations constitute 93.8% and 75.4% respectively. Moneragala and
Hambantota are predominantly Sinhalese areas (97.1% and 94.9%) while Ampara has
43.4% Sri Lankan Moor, 38.9% Sinhalese and 17.3% Sri Lankan Tamils. The estimated
mid-year populations in 2013 were 658,000, 456,000 and 606,000 in Ampara,
4
Moneragala and Hambantota districts, respectively, accounting for 8.4% of the country’s
population (18).
The review study conducted in India shows that Municipal solid waste
management at present in India produces 16 MgCO 2 equivalent of CH4 per year, and the
annual value is expected to reach 20 Mg CO 2 equivalent by 2020. It is also estimated that
CH4 contributes 29% of the total GHG emissions from the country, which is higher than
the global average of 15% (19,20). in India mostly consists of a large fraction of organic
wastes (40–60%), 3–6% paper waste, and 30–40% ash and fine earth material waste, with
smaller fractions of plastics, glass and metal wastes (all <1%) (21).
The purpose of this study is therefore, to evaluate household waste disposal
management. aimed to identify the knowledge and expressed practice of household waste
disposal management among housewives of rural community of Gujarat.
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
“A study to assess the effectiveness of planned teaching programme on knowledge and
expressed practice regarding household waste disposal management among housewives
in selected rural community of Gujarat.”
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
 To assess the knowledge and expressed practice on household waste disposal
management among housewives in terms of pre-test knowledge score.
 To develop and validate planned teaching programme on household waste
 To evaluate the effectiveness of planned teaching programme on household waste
disposal management in terms of post-test knowledge and expressed practice
score among housewives.
 To find out the correlation between knowledge and expressed practice score
regarding household waste disposal management among housewives.
 To find out the association between selected demographic variables with pre-test
knowledge and expressed practice score.
ASSUMPTION
1. Rural Housewives have less awareness in terms of knowledge and expressed
practice regarding proper disposal of household waste management.
5
2. Planned teaching programme is one of the best methods to impart knowledge in
terms of intervention.
3. Improper disposal of household waste cause environmental pollution.
4. Proper disposal of household waste can produce compost manure which is good
to make the soil fertile for cultivation.
HYPOTHESES
 H1 There is significant increase in post-test knowledge and expressed practice
score than the pre-test knowledge and expressed practice score regarding
household waste disposal management among housewives of rural community.
 H2 There is significant relationship between pre-test knowledge and expressed
practice score regarding household waste disposal management among
housewives of rural community.
 H3 There is significant association between the selected demographic variables
with the pre-test knowledge and expressed practice score.
 H01 There is no significant increase in post-test knowledge and expressed practice
 H02 There is no significant relationship between pre-test knowledge and expressed
 H03 There is no significant association between the selected demographic
variables with the pre-test knowledge and expressed practice score.
OPERATIONAL DEFINITIONS
1. Assess In this study it refers to the evaluation of the knowledge and expressed
practice regarding household waste disposal management among housewives.
2. Effectiveness In this study it refers to the evaluation of the planned teaching
programme in terms of increased post-test knowledge and expressed practice
score after implementation of intervention.
3. Planned teaching programme In this study it refers to the introduction,
classification, methods and teaching of household waste, management of
6
household waste, environmental pollution, health related problems related to
household waste.
4. Knowledge In this study it refers to the pre-test and post-test knowledge score
regarding household waste disposal management among housewives as measured
by self-structured knowledge questionnaire.
5. Expressed practice In this study it refers to the practice as expressed by
housewives in terms of pre-test and post-test expressed practice score regarding
6. Housewives In this study it refers to the women of rural community who are
married and confined to the home to carry on household activities.
7. Rural community In this study it refers to the areas which comes under Derol
Primary Health Centre. Kanthariya Village, Ta-Dist.: Bharuch, State: Gujarat.
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
Conceptual framework’s overall purpose is to make research findings meaningful and
generalizable. The linkage of finding into a coherent structure can make the body of
accumulated evidence more accessible and thus more useful.
The present study based on Rosenstock health belief model. The major elements of the
theory of health belief model attempts to explain the conditions under which a person will
engage in individual health behaviors such as preventive screenings or seeking treatment
for a health condition (Rosenstock -1974).
Demographic variables
Individual characteristics including demographic variables can affect perceptions of
health-related behaviors. Demographic variables such as age in years, religion, education
qualification, type of house and family, no. of family member, family income, disposal of
waste at home, space available for kitchen gardening, awareness regarding HHWDM,
specification of source of information. The HBM suggest that demographic variables
affect health related behaviors indirectly by affecting perceived seriousness,
susceptibility, benefits, and barriers.
Perceived susceptibility
Perceived susceptibility refers to subjective assessment of risk of developing a health
problem. The HBM predicts that individuals who perceive that they are susceptible to get
7
disease and environmental pollution due to improper waste disposal management will
engage in behaviors to reduce their risk of developing the health problem.
Perceived severity
Perceived severity refers to subjective assessment of the severity of health problem and
its potential consequences. The HBM predicts that the individual who perceived a given
health problem as serious as more likely to engage in behaviors to prevent the health
problem from occurring or reduce severity. For instance, an individual may perceive that
proper waste disposal is not medically serious, but if he or she perceives that there would
be serious consequences occur as a result of several disease and death.
Promotion of health
The combination of perceived severity and perceived susceptibility is referred to as
perceived threat. perceived severity and perceived susceptibility to a given health
condition depend on knowledge about the household waste disposal management. The
HBM predicts that if perceived benefit is greater than perceived barrier leads to a higher
likelihood of engagement in health promoting behaviors.
Perceived benefits
Health related behaviors are also influenced by the perceived benefits of taking action.
Perceived benefits refer to an individual’s assessment of the value or efficacy of engaging
in a health promoting to decrease risk of disease. If an individual believes that an
Adequate knowledge, Positive attitude, User friendly practice of household waste
disposal fits into their budget. That kind of action will reduce susceptibility to a health
problem or decrease its seriousness, then he or she is likely to engage in that behavior
regardless of objective facts regarding the effectiveness of the action.
Perceived barriers
Health related behaviors are also function of perceived barriers to taking action.
Perceived barriers refer to an individual’s assessment of the obstacles to behavior change.
Even if an individual perceives a health condition as threatening and believes that a
particular action effectively reduce the threat, barriers may prevent engagement in the
health promoting behavior. Financial barrier, Knowledge deficiate related to HHWDM,
Negative attitude towards HHWDM. And the perception that an improper disposal will
cause several disease or death.
8
Cues of Action
The HBM posits that a cue, or trigger is necessary for promoting engagement in health
promoting behaviors. Cues to take action can be internal or external. Planned teaching
programme is an external cue of action for promoting engagement in health-related
behaviors.
Action
In HBM model action is taken after cues of action for promoting engagement in health
promoting behaviors. Action taken by administering Planned teaching programme with
concept, classification, methods & teaching of household waste disposal and waste
management cycle, environmental pollution and health related problems.
9
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
Perceived susceptibility of disease and Action

Demographic
environmental pollution due to improper Conducted a PTP with
variables
concept, classification,
Age, Religion,
Education qualification, methods & teaching of
Type of house and Perceived severity of disease and
household waste disposal,
Family, No. of Family environmental pollution due to improper
member, monthly household waste disposal management. waste management cycle,
income, kitchen environmental pollution and
gardening facility,
health related problems.
10
Promotion of health if perceived benefit is

greater than perceived barrier leads to adapting
likelihood of enhancement in health promoting
Cues of Action
Perceived benefit Perceived barrier

 Adequate knowledge regarding HHWDM.  Financial barrier.
 Positive attitude towards HHWDM.  Knowledge deficiate related to HHWDM.
 User friendly practice of household waste  Negative attitude towards HHWDM.
disposal fits into their budget.
Figure: 1 Conceptual Framework Based on Rosenstock Health Belief Model – 1974

11
CHAPTER 2
REVIEW OF
LITERATURE
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Fadhullah, Widad et al. (2022) conducted a cross sectional study on Household solid
waste management practices and perceptions among residents in the East Coast of
Malaysia. The objective of this study to investigate the household waste practices and
perceptions about waste management. A total 338 household were taken for the study
with the use of stratified random sampling technique. Author was administered survey
questionnaire to collect the data with the help of interview method. It observed that
association found between locality, age, and type of house with waste segregation
practices and locality with perception of improper waste management which leads to
disease. Analysis of variance shows that 17.94% has high positive relationship between
age, marital status and type of house from that 50.3% household segregate their waste
while 49.7% did not. This study emphasizes the importance of developing a waste
separation program that meets the needs of the subject in order to promote sustainable
waste management practices (11).
Kwenda, Phyllis Rumbidzai et al. (2022) conducted the systematic literature review on
household solid waste management systems in low-income developing countries.
household solid waste management systems in low-income developing countries. The
objective of this study to understand the management systems of the urban city’s biggest
source of household waste. For the analysis of systematic literature review NVIVO
methodology were used. The author has chosen 500 journal articles, 26 were selected
based on their relevance to the study. According to HCC data records, Harare has an
average daily waste generation per capita is 0.38±0.1 kg producing about 294±56 kg of
HSW generated annually. All the collection of household solid waste is disposed in to
dumpsite called Pomona. For the average recovery efficiency of waste is around 9.5%
±2.8%, whereas most of the waste recovery is done by the waste pickers (22).
Sinisa Berjan, Tarek Ben Hassen et.al (2022) conducted a cross sectional study on
waste management during COVID-19 pandemic in Serbia. The Objective of this study
was to investigates the state of food waste management and COVID-19 direct effect on
consumer awareness, food consumption, and food waste behaviors. The author has
conducted online survey using structured knowledge questionnaire with 1212 samples.
The survey results suggested that household food waste in Serbia is low and there is a
10
positive attitude toward food waste prevention, food waste increased during the
pandemic, consumers reduced the number of shopping trips and shopped more than usual
during the pandemic. This study contributes to a better understanding of consumers’
consumption habits and attitudes toward food waste to prevent and reduce it (23).
Abegaz, Silamlak Birhanu et al. (2021) conducted a descriptive study on Practices and
Challenges of Household Solid Waste Management in Woldia Town, Northeastern
Ethiopia. The objective of study was to assess solid waste disposal practices and
challenges of solid waste management. A total 236 households were taken with the help
of purposive sampling technique. The data collecting tool like survey questionnaire,
interview, focus group discussion and observation was used to obtained data. The study
revealed that educational status (AOR = 10.92, 95% CI = (3.12-38.27)), occupational
status (AOR = 8.08, 95% CI = (2.08-31.31)), monthly income (AOR = 5.72, 95% CI =
(1.55-21.13)), and age (AOR = 2.53, 95% CI = (1.04-6.19)) were found to be the major
factors associated with solid waste management practices. Therefore, efforts by the
municipality and other stakeholders are needed to mitigate the problem of waste
management and disposal practices (24).
Xingu Gao, Feiyu Yang (2021) conducted a descriptive study on Humification and
maturation of kitchen waste during indoor composting by individual households. The
objective of this study was to evaluate the humification and maturation of kitchen waste
during indoor composting. The author has used 50 households selected by random
sampling technique. Overall, 30 households provided valid and complete data to show an
increase (to ~50 °C) and then decrease in temperature in response to the decline of
biodegradable organic substances during indoor composting.an increase in seed
germination index to above 50% for most households (25).
Haywood, Lorren Kirsty et al. (2021) conducted a qualitative study on Waste Disposal
Practices in Low-Income Settlements of South Africa. The objective of this study was to
assess relationships between dwelling characteristics, socio-demographic factors, and
environmental health variables. The 89,411 households were taken Data for 2014 to 2019
from a community-orientated primary care program were analyzed using logistic
regression method. The result shows that Families living in low-income settlements are at
11
risk of solid waste exposure and this situation is exacerbated by poor access to piped
water, proper sanitation, and electricity (26).
Ashis Acharya, GovindaBastolaet.al (2021) conducted a cross-sectional study on
impact of COVID-19 outbreak and perceptions of people towards household waste
management chain in Nepal. The objective of study was to assess how the household
waste management chain was disrupted by novel coronavirus and find the perception of
the people towards the existing (HHWMS). The author has used online survey method
with 512 samples. The finding of this study showed that 62.3% of respondents were not
satisfied with the present HHWMS. Proper HH waste management has become a
challenge, and to address this some innovative works such as awareness programs for
people, health and hygiene related support to waste workers, and effective policy
formulation and implementation should be done by the Government of Nepal (27).
Donald Ikwun Omang, Godwin Egbe John et.al (2021) conducted a cross sectional
descriptive study on public Health implication of solid waste generated by households in
Bekwarra Local Government area. The objective of this study was to determine the
public health implication of solid waste generated by household. The author has used
Proportionate sampling was used to select 400 respondents with the help of semi-
structured questionnaire and observation checklist to elicit information. Wastes produced
by households in the study include vegetables (95.5%), ash (94%), clothing/rag (94.2%),
wood (95%), and animal waste (86.2%) had the highest abundance. The result shows
solid waste posed a serious health hazard and lead to the spread of infectious diseases.
These issues can be addressed through health education and enlightenment of the people
on waste disposal (28).
Aarti Sewak, Sameer Deshpande et.al (2021) conducted a review study on Community
perspectives and engagement in sustainable solid waste management (SWM) in Fiji. The
objective of this study was to identify the viewpoints of diverse civic groups and examine
the developments and challenges associated with the waste management sector in Fiji.
Data from 482 newspaper articles, dated 2009-2020, were reviewed and dual-coded by
two researchers using QDA Miner Lite. Civic education has been highlighted as a
solution to encouraging pro-environmental behaviour (PEB), but there is a need to
identify the type of educational tools and the frequency and impact of education
12
workshops. This paper further discusses about the implications of community-based
strategies and regulatory measures (29).
Fredrick Egbenyah, Emilia Asuquo Udofia et.al (2021) conducted a cross-sectional
study on Disposal habits and microbial load of solid medical waste in sub-district
healthcare facilities and households in Yilo-Krobo municipality, Ghana. The objective of
this study was to assess disposal practices in SMW from ten sub-district level. The author
has used 385 samples and assessed by questionnaire-based surveys with both qualitative
and quantitative methods used in collection and analysis of data for the study. Open
burning (29%), burying (25%) and disposal at a dumpsite (49%) were common methods
used by households to discard SMW. Public guidance on management of SMW
generated in households which is context specific should also be provided (30).
Ali DaryabeigiZand, Azar Vaezi et.al (2020) conducted a cross sectional study on
Investigation of knowledge, attitude, and practice of Tehranian women apropos of
reducing, reusing, recycling, and recovery of urban solid waste. The objective of this
study was to explore (KAP) of women towards the (MSW) in Tehran, Iran. to provide a
basis for experts and decision-makers to develop or improve practical waste management
strategies. A random sample of 384 respondent women was selected from the 22 urban
districts of Tehran, Results indicated that 69.6% and 72.9% of the women had adequate
knowledge and attitude, respectively, while only 46.0% performed moderate practice on
MSW management. Conducting training programs and motivation of women by
municipalities and decision-makers to elevate women's environmental performance could
substantially promote MSW management strategies in developing nations (31).
Aijun Liu, Maurice Osewe et.al (2020) conducted An Empirical Analysis on Rural
Residents' Awareness of Environmental Protection and Waste Classification Behavior in
Jiangsu, China. The objective of this study was to assists in enhancing the rural
ecological environment, improves the quality of the rural residents’ life, and augments
the rate of reusing resources within the rural setups. Author has used both the logistic
regression model and the ordinary least squares model to achieve the goals of this paper.
Finally, there should be stringent laws and regulations outlining the role of the rural
residents regarding waste classification and environmental protection awareness (32).
13
Stephen T. Odonkor et al. (2020) conducted cross-sectional study on house-hold solid
waste management in a large Ghanaian district. The objective of this study was to assess
solid waste management among household. The author has used simple random and
systematic sampling technique with 600 respondents comprising of a cluster. The study
shows that 92.2% respondent have bins at waste collection point. So, there is significant
relationship between disposal sites and average distance from city center to disposing
site. Based on the major findings study revealed that district assemble should provide
waste collection bins to every household for residents of Ghanian district. Hence, the
residents do not dispose their household waste indiscriminately (2).
Noufal, Mohamad et al. (2020) conducted a qualitative study on Determinants of
Household Solid Waste Generation and Composition in Homs City, Syria. The objective
of this study was to evaluate the generation and composition of household solid waste.
The study was carried out in 300 families from four zones in Hom’s city, and three
sampling stages were conducted during the study duration. The outcomes show that an
average of 0.68 kg/per/day solid waste generated. For the waste generation per capita,
according to Pearson's coefficient values, a positive correlation was found between
household waste generation and monthly income (r = 0.626), household size (r = 0.37),
and age of the household head (r = 0.517), whereas a negative correlation was found
between household waste generation and the education level of the household head (r = -
0.649) (9).
Ssemugabo, Charles et al. (2020) conducted the cross-sectional study on Status of
Household Solid Waste Management and Associated Factors in a Slum Community in
Kampala, Uganda. The objective of this study to Proper waste collection and storage
receptacle; collection receptacle ability to minimize nuisances (covered); segregation of
waste; presence of flies and other vectors; and collection receptacle fill status. There is
involving of 395 households using a semi structured questionnaire and an observational
checklist. The result of this study is 41.3% (163/395) of the households exhibited proper
waste management practices. The main type of waste collected was biodegradable
materials 56.7% (224/395). The majority of the households 78.7% (311/395) did not
segregate their waste. that address knowledge, physical, and behavioral aspects of solid
waste management is required to improve its management in slum communities (33).
14
Sudki Hamdan, Motasem N Saidan (2020) conducted a survey study on Estimation of
E-waste Generation, Residential Behavior, and Disposal Practices from Major
Governorates in Jordan. The objective of the present study was to quantify and evaluate
the annual e-waste generation. The survey targeted 15,883 households (12.52% females
and 87.48% males), where primary data on e-waste generation and disposal methods
were gathered, assessed, and quantified. Finally, the challenges, barriers, and prospects of
e-waste management in Jordan had been explored in this study (34).
Prat Intarasaksit (2019) conducted a multilevel analysis on Factors influencing
appropriate management of household hazardous waste in Nakhon Nayok, Thailand. The
objective of this study was to investigate the factors associated with appropriate HHW
management. In this study 663 households included. Data was collected using a
structured questionnaire and randomly assigned household interviews. The proportion of
appropriate HHW management was 23.4% (95%CI: 20.2% to 26.6%). Thus, this study
finding will be important for policymakers such as government and local government and
can be used to create a specific policy and campaigns for household hazardous waste
management (35).
Ali Chalak, Mohamad G. Abiad et.al (2019) conducted a survey study on the
determinants of household food wase Generation and its Associated Caloric and Nutrient
losses at Lebanon. The objective of this study was to investigate the drivers of food waste
generation at the household level and its dietary content. The data gathered from a survey
of 250 households conducted in Beirut, Lebanon, in which respondents filled 7-day food
waste diaries. The results show that food waste is approximately 0.2 kg per capita per day
in urban Lebanon. This work could help provide evidence for policymakers to address
both food and nutrition security issues in Lebanon (36).
Mustafa Ali, Yong Genget al. (2019) conducted on the basis of qualitative and
quantitative indicators on Improvement of waste management practices in a fast-
expanding sub-megacity in Pakistan. The objective of this study was to Improve waste
management practices in a fast-expanding sub-megacity in Pakistan. study involving 776
samples in total. The findings of this study revealed that high- and middle-income groups
have nearly half of the share of the waste, the Waste aware system appears to be a
15
powerful tool. it focused on the impact of household income groups in combination with
seasonal differences while comparing different waste disposal scenarios (37).
Kofi Sekere Boateng, Peter Agyei et.al (2019) conducted a cross-sectional study on
Household Willingness-to-Pay for Improved Solid Waste Management Services in Four
Major Metropolitan Cities in Ghana. The objective of this study was to assesses the
willingness-to-pay an integral attribute of sustainable financing mechanism for improved
solid waste management (SWM) services. The 1560 households were taken as sample.
Overall, 53.7% of the households were willing to make additional payment for improved
services, with difference across study sites: 54.5%, 53.1%, 61.7%, and 46.6% in
Takoradi, Tamale, Accra, and Kumasi, respectively. Findings would contribute to efforts
at finding sustainable financing mechanism for waste management services in Ghana (38).
Maciej Neugebauer (2018) conducted a longitudinal study on use of biological waste as
a source of low-temperature heat for hotbeds in spring in north-eastern Poland. The
objective of this study was to evaluate use of biological waste as a source of low-
temperature heat for hotbeds in spring in north-eastern Poland. The measurements were
performed in three experimental treatments - one hotbed, one cold frame and in the
garden. During the experiment, the hotbed generated 98.7 MJ of heat, and its thermal
efficiency reached 12% of maximum capacity. He proposed solution minimizes the
quantity of biological waste collected from households (39).
Takeshi Matsuda, Ryota li (2018) conducted a quantitative study on Monitoring
environmental burden reduction from household waste prevention in Kyoto city. The
methods of quantification were "relative change from baseline year "absolute change
from potential waste generation" and "absolute number of activities”. Here the conclusion
of this study is an appropriate option. On the other hand, when comparing the total
impact of waste prevention to that of recycling, methods should be applied (40).
Juan Pable Arrigoni, Francisca Laos et.al (2018) conducted an observational study on
the objective of this work was to improve the understanding of these technical aspects
through a real-scale decentralized composting experience carried out under cold climate
conditions, in order to assess sanitization performance and to study the effects of fresh
feedstock additions in the process evolution. Organic wastes were composted in 500 L-
static compost bins (without turning) for 244 days under cold climate conditions. These
16
findings suggest the need to discuss new ways of studying the composting process in
small-scale compost bins as well as their commercial design (41).
Gamuchirai Chakona, Charlie M. (2018) conducted a cluster randomized control trial
study on Household Food Insecurity along an Agro-Ecological Gradient Influences
Children's Nutritional Status in South Africa. The objective of the study was to examine
household food insecurity, dietary diversity, and child nutritional status. Author has used
554 household women as a sample. The result shows that households threw away greater
quantities of unprepared food in the 48-hour recall period (268.6±610.1 g, 90%
confidence interval: 175.5 to 361.7 g) compared to prepared food (121.0±132.4 g, 90%
confidence interval: 100.8 to 141.3 g) and drinks (77.0±192.5 ml, 90% confidence
interval: 47.7 to 106.4 ml). Integrated approaches are required to address this
developmental issue affecting South African societies, which include promoting sound
food management to decrease household food waste (42).
Paul van der Werf, Jamie A Searbrook (2018) conducted a retrospective study on the
quantity of food waste in the garbage stream of southern Ontario, Canada households.
The objective of this study was to estimate the quantity of food waste disposed, in the
garbage stream, by households. The data originating from fieldwork undertaken in the
1970s and 1980s. The result shows that on average, households disposed 2.40 kg/week of
food waste in the garbage, which comprised 35.4% of this waste stream. This future
methodology would include dividing food waste into avoidable and unavoidable food
waste categories, as well as adding subcategories (e.g., avoidable fruits and vegetables)
.
(43)
Henry O Addo, Elvis J Dun-Dery et.al (2017) conducted a descriptive cross-sectional

study on Correlates of domestic waste management and related health outcomes in
Sunyani, Ghana. The objective of this study was to assess the handling and practice of
waste management, including collection, storage, transportation and disposal along with
the types and amount of waste generated by Households and their related health outcome.
Author has used multi-stage sampling technique to sample 700 households. Female
respondents were less likely to practice waste management (AOR 0.45; 95% Cl 0.29,
0.79), household size also determined respondents practice (AOR 0.26; Cl 0.09, 0.77).
Practice of recycling (AOR 0.03; Cl 0.02, 0.08), distance to dumpsite (AOR 0.45; Cl
17
0.20, 0.99). there is the need for improved policy and enhanced education on proper
waste management practice among households (44).
Kwaku Oduro-Appiah et.al (2017) conducted descriptive study on Assessment of the
municipal solid waste management system Accra, Ghana. The objective of this study was
to assesses the municipal solid waste management as defined by the integrated
sustainable waste management framework. In this study author has taken 24 key
stakeholders for 9 months as a sample. The results indicate that A total of 62% of
municipal solid waste disposed of in controlled landfills and recycling rate is 5%. The
analysis suggests that waste and recycling would improve through greater provider
inclusivity, especially the recognition and integration of the informal sector, and
interventions that respond to user needs for more inclusive decision-making (45).
Keita Mamady (2016) conducted a cross sectional study on Factors Influencing Attitude,
Safety Behavior, and Knowledge regarding Household Waste Management in Guinea.
The objective of this study was to identify socioeconomic and demographic factors
associated with practice, knowledge, and safety behavior of family members regarding
household waste management and to produce a remedial action plan. This research
suggests that the promotion of environmental information and education of the public and
adoption of community action programs on disease prevention and health promotion will
enhance comfort, environmental friendliness, and safety of the community (46).
Trasia smukama, Abdullah Ali Halageet al. (2016) conducted cross-sectional study on
Practices, Concerns, and Willingness to Participate in Solid Waste Management in Two
Urban Slums in Central Uganda. The objective of this study to Understanding community
concerns and willingness towards involvement in solid waste management. The 435
residents in two urban slums in central Uganda. The Data was analyzed by using STATA
12. The result was Food remains (38%) and plastics (37%), Most households (35.9%)
disposed of general wastes by open dumping while 27% by burning, 8.8% of households
by composting while 55% carried out separation for some decomposable wastes.
Practices in waste disposal and separation were poor despite high willingness to
participate in initiatives to improve waste management, highlighting a need for
authorities to engage residents of slums to improve their practices (47).
18
CHAPTER 3
METHODOLOGY
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This chapter deals with the methodology adopted for assess the knowledge and expressed
practice regarding household waste disposal management among housewives of rural
community of Gujarat. It includes the description of research approach, research design,
variables, setting, population, sample and sampling technique, development of data
collection instruments and plan for analysis.
Research approach
 A quantitative research approach was used.
 Research design
 The design is selected for present study was pre-experimental research design.
O1 X O2
Pre-test on 1st day Intervention Post-test on 7th day
(Fig:2 Schematic diagram of one group pre-test post-test design)
 Key words
 O1 - Pre-test
 X – Intervention (Planned Teaching Programme)
 O2- Post-test
 Variables
 Attributed variable
The attribute variable in this study which include age in years, religion,
education qualification, type of house, type of family, no. of family member,
monthly family income, disposal of household waste at home, space available for
kitchen gardening, awareness regarding household waste disposal management,
specification of source of information.
 Independent variable
Planned teaching program on household waste disposal management among
housewives.
 Dependent variable
In this study the dependent variables are Knowledge and expressed practice
regarding household waste disposal management among housewives in rural
community of Gujarat.
20
Setting
Rural community of Gujarat
Population Housewives of the selected

rural community of Gujarat
Sample Size
370 Housewives
Sampling Technique
Non – probability convenient
sampling technique
Section A: Demographic profile

Tool for data Section B: Self-structured
Collection knowledge questionnaire
Section C: Expressed practice
checklist
Method of Data
Permission obtained from
Collection
concerned authority, obtained
consent for data collection from
housewives
Analysis
Descriptive and inferential
statistics
Figure 3: Schematic representation of Research Methodology
21
Setting of the study
The study was conducted in the selected rural community which comes under
Kanthariya Village, Bharuch, Gujarat.
Source of data
The was collected from the housewives of selected rural community which comes
under Kanthariya Village, Bharuch, Gujarat.
Sample description
Population
The population of present study comprises of housewives of selected rural
community which comes under Kanthariya Village, Bharuch, Gujarat.
Target population
Housewives in the selected rural community which comes under Kanthariya Village,
Bharuch, Gujarat.
Sample and sample size
370 subjects were selected according to sampling criteria from selected rural
community of Gujarat.
To estimate the Sample size, researcher considered generalizing the findings.
n = (SD)2 × P × q
(df)2
Total no. of Gujarat state population is 60,439,692
Housewives’ ratio in Rural Community according to statistical data = 60%
n = (SD)2 × P × q
(df)2
P= 0.6 q = 0.4 SD = 1.96 Df = 0.05
n = (1.962) 0.6 × 0.4
(0.052)
n = 370
The sample estimate for current study is 370.
Sampling technique
Non-probability convenient sampling technique was used by student researcher to
select sample.
Selection criteria
22
Inclusion criteria
The housewives who are present during the period of data collection.
The housewives who can speak and understand Guajarati or English language.
The housewives who are willing to participate in the study.
Exclusion criteria
The housewives who are not physically and mentally sound.
Description of tool
Section - A: Demographic Variables
Demographic variables such as age in years, religion, education qualification, type of
house, type of family, no. of family member, monthly family income, disposal of
household waste at home, space available for kitchen gardening, awareness regarding
household waste disposal management, specification of source of information.
Section - B: Self-structured knowledge questionnaire regarding HHWDM
among housewives.
This section consists of 30 items focusing on introduction, concept, classification,
methods and teaching of household waste, waste management cycle, environmental
pollution, health related problem due to waste.
Interpretation of the tool:
Every right answer was awarded as score “1” and every wrong response was awarded
a score of “0”. Thus, a total 30 marks were given for knowledge assessment. To
interpret the level of knowledge, the scores were distributed as follows:
Maximum score = 30
Inadequate knowledge: 0-10
Moderate knowledge: 11-20
Adequate knowledge: 21-30
Section - C: Checklist on expressed practice regarding HHWDM among
housewives.
This section consists of 10 items focusing on introduction, concept, classification,
methods and teaching of household waste, waste management cycle, environmental
pollution, health related problem due to waste.
23
Every right answer was awarded a score “1” and every wrong response was awarded
a score of “0”. Thus, a total 10 marks were given for expressed practice assessment.
To interpret the expressed practice, the scores were distributed as follows:
Maximum score = 10
Poor practice: 0-3
Moderate practice: 4-6
Good practice: 7-10
Technique of data collection
In this study Interview method was used to collect the data from the housewives of
rural community of Gujarat.
Development of tool
Development of the tool required an extensive effort. The following steps were
acquired in the development of the tool.
Discussion with experts:
Opinion and suggestion from the guide and experts were taken. After an extensive
review of literature, articles, journals, newspaper, discussion with the experts and
guide also with the investigators personal and professional experience the tool was
developed.
Development of the scoring procedure:
The student researcher was developed a scoring procedure based on the obtained
information from the review of literature and after discussion with the guide and
experts.
Validity of tool
“Validity refers to the degree to which an instrument measures what it is supposed to
measure”
“Content validity refers to the degree to which the items in and instrument adequately
represent the universe of content”.
The content validation of the tool was done by 09 experts among them 1 expert was
from Department of Community Medicine, 3 experts was from Department of
Community Health Nursing, 2 experts was from Department of Medical Surgical
Nursing, 1 expert was from Department of Mental Health Nursing, 1 from Gujarati
24
literature and English teacher respectively. The experts are selected on the basis of
their teaching experience, qualification and interest. They are requested to give their
opinion and suggestions for the items of the tool
Reliability of tool
The reliability is a criterion for measuring adequacy, consistency, and accuracy of
tool. In this study the reliability of the self-structured knowledge questionnaire and
expressed practice checklist was checked by split half method and Cronbach’s alpha.
The reliability of the tool was r = 0.72 and r = 0.75 respectively which indicates that
the tool was reliable for the research study.
Pilot study
“A pilot study is a small-scale version or trial run of the major study. The function of
the study is to obtain information and assess feasibility of the study for improving and
to decide the plan for data analysis (Polit & Hungler1999).”
Pilot study was done to find the practicability and feasibility of the study.
A pilot study is a small-scale dress rehearsal that proceeds as if of the actual study
except for the fact, that subjects who was participate in the actual study is not used.
The pilot study was conducted in selected rural community of Amodar Village,
Vadodara District, Gujarat. from 31/12/2021 to 18/01/2022 on 37 sample to assess
feasibility of the study and to decide the plan for data analysis.
The pilot study shows that there is no feasibility and practicability issue raised.
Plan for data collection
After obtained formal permission from the concerned authority, self- introduction was
given and the purpose of study was explained, written consent was obtained from the
subjects. Confidentiality and anonymity of data was maintained.
The data for study was collected from 370 housewives who are residing at selected
rural community of Gujarat. The subjects were selected by non-probability
convenient sampling technique. The data was collected for main study from
03/02/2022 to 04/03/2022. Self-structured knowledge questionnaire and checklist was
administered on 1st day and on the 7th day post test was conducted with the same self-
structure knowledge questionnaire and checklist for assess the knowledge and
expressed practice regarding household waste disposal management.
25
About 25-30 minutes was spent by each subject for assessment in each time.
Approximately 17 to 18 subjects were assessed per day.
Plan for data analysis
Data analysis is the systematic organization and synthesis of research data and testing
of research hypothesis using the data. For this study, the data obtained was analysed
in respect to objectives of the study by using descriptive and inferential statistical.
Statistical methods
The data was analysed in terms of objectives of the study using descriptive and
inferential statistics. The plan for data analysis as follows:
Descriptive statistics
Frequency and percentage distribution was used to describe the level of knowledge,
expressed practice and socio-demographic data.
Mean, mean percentage and standard deviation was used to describe level of
knowledge and expressed practice.
Inferential statistics
Paired t-test was used to assess effectiveness of planned teaching programme on
household waste disposal management among housewives.
Co-relation was used to find the relationship between pre-test level of knowledge and
expressed practice.
Chi-square was used to find the association between pre-test level of knowledge and
expressed practice with selected demographic variables.
Dissemination and utilization of data
The dissertation is display in the college library for reference. It will be published in
the various journals, and put up on the web site for reference after final year M.Sc.
nursing result.
Ethical issue
There is no ethical issue applicable for the study.
Feasibility issue
There is no feasibility issue applicable for the study.
Conflict of interest
There is no conflict of interest
26
Ethical consideration
Ethical consideration has been taken from informed written consent from
participation of the study. Anonymity and confidentiality of the `participants have
been maintained during study.
Ethical clearance was obtained from the Sumandeep Vidyapeeth Institutional Ethics
committee, An Institution deemed to be University, and willingness was obtained
from the subject for data collection.
Summary
This chapter deal with the research methodology adopted for this study. It included of
research approach, research design, population, variables, setting of the study, sample
and sampling techniques, inclusion and exclusive criteria, development and
description of the research tool, validity and reliability, pilot study, plan and method
of data collection, plan of data, analysis, ethical consideration and plan of
dissemination and utilization of data.
27
CHAPTER 4
ANALYSIS AND
INTERPRETATIO
N
ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA
This chapter deals with analysis and interpretation of data collected from 150 mothers of
under five children thorough non-probability convenient sampling technique. “A study
to assess the effectiveness of planned teaching programme on knowledge and
expressed practice regarding household waste disposal management among
housewives in selected rural community of Gujarat.” The data were analysed
according to the objective of the study.
The purpose of the analysis is to compare, summarize and test the proposed relationship
and inter finding.
 ORGANIZATION OF STUDY FINDINGS
The collected data was subjected for appropriate statistical. The analysed data is
organized and presented under the following five sections:
 SECTION - A: Frequency and percentage distribution of subjects according to their
demographic variables.
 SECTION - B: Assess the Level of knowledge score and expressed practice score
regarding household waste disposal management.
 SECTION - C: Assess the effectiveness of planned teaching programme on
knowledge and expressed practice of household waste disposal management.
 SECTION - D: Find the relationship between knowledge and expressed practice
 SECTION - E: Find the association of pre-test knowledge score and expressed
practice score and selected demographic variables.
28
SECTION – A
Table-1: Frequency and percentage distribution of subjects according to their
demographic variables.
(n = 370)
Sr no. Demographic variable Frequency Percentage
1. Age in years
a. 20 years and below 54 15%
b. 21-30 years 90 24%
c. 31-40 years 94 25%
d. Above 40 years 132 36%
2. Religion
a. Hindu 128 35%
b. Muslim 219 59%
c. Christian 23 6%
d. Other 00 00
3. Education qualification
a. No formal education 214 59%
b. Primary education 101 27%
c. Secondary education 39 10%
d. Higher secondary education 12 3%
e. Graduation and above 4 1%
4. Type of House
a. Kuccha 66 18%
b. Semi Pucca 123 33%
c. Pucca 181 49%
5. Type of Family
a. Nuclear family 283 77%
b. Joint family 63 17%
c. Extended family 24 6%
6. No. of family Member
a. 2 (two) 28 7%
b. 3 (three) 40 11%
c. 4 (four) 159 43%
d. 5 (five) 126 34%
7. Monthly Family Income
a. Below Rs.5000/- 35 10%
b. Rs.5000/- to 10000/- 90 24%
c. Rs.10000/- to 15000/- 135 36%
d. Above Rs.15000/- 110 30%
8. How you Dispose Household Waste at home?
a. Open dumping 119 32%
b. Making compost 30 8%
c. Public dustbin 221 60%
29
Table – 1: Shows that the distribution of 370 subjects among majority of the subjects 132
(36%) belongs to the age group of 40 years and above whereas 54 (15%) of the subjects
belongs to the age group of 20 years and below. For the Religion it is shows that 219
(59%) subjects were Muslim whereas 23 (6%) were Christian. It is observed that for the
education qualification majority of the subjects 214 (59%) had no any formal education
whereas 4 (1%) subjects had Graduation and above. It is also observed that 181 (49%)
were residing in pucca house whereas 66 (18%) subjects were residing in kuccha house.
Regarding the type of family majority of the subjects 283 (77%) belongs to the nuclear
family whereas 24 (6%) of the subjects belongs to the extended family. No. of family
member majority of the subjects 283 (77%) had four family members whereas 28 (7%)
subjects had only two family members. Regarding the monthly family income majority of
subjects 135 (36%) were having Rs. 10000/- to 15000/- income whereas 35 (10%)
subjects were having below Rs 5000/- income. It also observed that for the disposal of
household waste 221 (60%) subjects were using public dustbin whereas 30 (8%) subjects
were making the compost from household waste.
100
90
80
70
60
Percentage
Series 1
50
40
30
20 36
24 25
10 15
0
Age in Years
Figure: 4 Percentage distribution of subjects according to the Age in years
30
100
90
80
70
59
60
Percentage
50
Series 1
40 35
30
20
10 6
0
0
Religion
Figure:5 Percentage & distribution of subjects according to Religion
100
90
80
70
59
60
Percentage
50
Sales
40
27
30
20 10
10 Education Qualification 3 1
0
Figure:6 Percentage & distribution of subjects according to Education Qualification
31
100
90
80
70
60
percentage
50 49
Sales
40 33
30 18
20
10
0
Type of House
Figure:7 Percentage and distribution of subjects according to Type of House
100
90 77
80
70
percentage
60 Series 1
50
40
30 17
20 6
10
0
Type of Family
Figure:8 Percentage & distribution of subjects according to Type of Family
32
100
90
80
70
60
Percentage
50 43
34 Series 1
40
30
20
11 5
10 7
0
No. of Family Member
Figure:9 Percentage and distribution of subjects according to No. of Family

Member
33
100
90
80
70
60
Series 1
Percentage
50
40
30
20 36
30
10 24
10
0
Monthly Family Income
Figure:10 Percentage and distribution of subjects according to Monthly Family
Income
11%
Open
dumping
25%
Making
64% Compost
Public
dustbin
Disposal of Household Waste at Home
Fig:11 Percentage and distribution of subjects according to disposal of waste at

home
34
Table-2: Frequency and percentage distribution of subjects according to their
demographic variables. (n = 370)
Sr no. Demographic variable Frequency Percentage
10. (a) Are you aware about household waste disposal management?
a. Yes 39 10%
b. No 331 90%
(b) If yes, specify the source of information
a. TV, Radio 8 20%
b. Magazines, News paper 3 8%
c. Internet sources, health related 9 23%
research studies
d. Health workers 10 26%
e. Family and friends 9 23%
Table –2: Shows that For the awareness about household waste disposal management
majority of the subjects 347(94%) were not aware whereas 23 (6%) subjects were aware
about household waste disposal management from that majority 10 (26%) of subjects are
getting information from health workers whereas 3 (8%) subjects are getting information
from magazines & Newspaper.
35
100
90
64
Percentage
80
70
60
36 Yes
50
40
30
20
10
0
Availiblity of space for kitchen gardening
Fig:12 Percentage distribution of subjects according to availability of space of

kitchen Gardening
100
90
80
70
60
Percentage
50
90 Series 1
40
30
20
10
10
0
Awareness about Household waste disposal management
Figure:13 Percentage distribution of subjects according to awareness about

household waste disposal management
36
100
90
80
70
60
Percentage
50
Series 1
40
30
20 26
23 23
20
10
8
0
Specification of source of information
Figure:14 percentage distribution of subjects according to Specification of source of

information
SECTION - B
Table - 3: Frequency and percentage distribution of pre-test and post-test knowledge
score of housewives.
(n = 370)
Pre test Post test
Sr
Score Interpretation Frequenc percentag Frequenc Percentag
no.
y e y e
1 Inadequate
0-10 115 31% 0 0
knowledge
2 11-20 Moderate 227 61% 230 62%
knowledge
3 21-30 Adequate 28 8% 139 38
knowledge
Table - 3: Depict that frequency and percentage of pre-test knowledge score among
housewives, majority 227 (61%) of the subjects had moderate knowledge and 28 (8%) of
37
the subjects had adequate knowledge whereas, post-test knowledge score among
housewives, majority 230 (62%) had moderate knowledge and 139 (38%) had adequate
knowledge.
38
Adequate Knowledge
Post
test
Level of knowledge
62
Moderate Knowledge
61
Pre
test
Inadequate Knowledge
31
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Percentage
Fig:15 Percentage of pre-test and post-test level of knowledge score of HHWDM

Table - 4: Frequency and percentage distribution of pre-test and post-test expressed
practice score of housewives.
(n = 370)
Sr Pre test Post test
Score Interpretation
no. Frequency percentage Frequency Percentage
1 Poor
0-3 111 30% 7 2%
practice
2 4-6 Moderate 230 62% 175 47%
practice
3 7-10 Good 29 8% 188 51%
Practice
Table-4: Depict that frequency and percentage of pre-test expressed practice score among
housewives, majority 230 (62%) of the subjects had moderate practice whereas 29 (8%) of
38
the subjects had adequate practice whereas, post-test expressed practice score among
housewives, majority188 (51%) had Good practice and 7 (2%) had poor practice.
100
90
80 Pre
test
70 62
Percentage
60 51
47 Post
50 test
40 30
30
20
10
Poor practice Moderate practice Good practice
Fig:16 Percentage of pre-test and post-test expressed practice score of HHWDM
SECTION – C
Table – 5: Mean, standard deviation, mean difference, “t” value of pre-test and post-
test knowledge scores.
(n = 370)
Sr Mean Table
Test Mean SD “t” value Inference
No. difference value
1 Pre-test 1.76 0.57

22.22 Significance
0.60 1.28
df (369) p<0.05
2 Post–test 2.37 0.49
Table – 5: Shows that mean, standard deviation, mean difference of the pre-test and post-
test knowledge score were the mean of post-test (2.37) is higher than the pre-test (1.76)
39
mean score. Were the standard deviation of pre-test post-test is 0.57 and 0.49 respectively.
Were the mean difference is 0.60 The paired “t” test calculated value is 22.22 which is
more than the table value at level p<0.05. So, it indicates that planned teaching
programme was effective. Hence, the hypothesis H1 stated that there is significant increase
in post-test knowledge and expressed practice score than the pre-test knowledge and
expressed practice score regarding household waste disposal management among
housewives of rural community is accepted.
Table – 6: Mean, standard deviation, mean difference, “t” value of pre-test and post-
test expressed practice scores.
(n = 370)
Sr Mean Table
Test Mean SD “t” value Inference
no. difference value
1 Pre-test 1.78 0.57

22.22 Significance
0.71 1.28
df (369) (p ≤ 0.05)
2 Post–test 2.49 0.53
Table – 6: Shows that mean, standard deviation, mean difference of the pre-test and post-
test expressed practice score were the mean of post-test (2.49) is higher than the pre-test
(1.78) mean score. Were the standard deviation of pre-test post-test is 0.57 and 0.53
respectively. Were the mean difference is 0.71 The paired “t” test calculated value is 22.22
40
which is more than the table value p<0.05. So, it indicates that planned teaching
programme was effective. Hence, the hypothesis H1 stated that there is significant increase
in post-test knowledge and expressed practice score than the pre-test knowledge and
expressed practice score regarding household waste disposal management among
housewives of rural community is accepted.
SECTION – D
Table - 7: Relationship between knowledge and expressed practice of household waste
disposal management among housewives.
(n = 370)
Sr no. Variables Correlation coefficient (r)
1 Knowledge
0.95
S*
2 Expressed practice
S*- Significance, Level of significance at 0.05 level

Table - 7: Shows that calculated correlation coefficient (r) value between knowledge and
expressed practice is 0.95 so, there is positive correlation between knowledge and
expressed practice. Hence, the hypothesis H2 stated that there is significant relationship
41
between pre-test knowledge and expressed practice score regarding household waste
disposal management among housewives of rural community is accepted.
42
43
44
45
SECTION – E
Table – 8: Association of pre-test knowledge of housewives regarding household waste
disposal management with their demographic variables. (n = 370)
Sr Inadequat Adequate Chi
Moderate
no Demographic variables e knowledg square
knowledge
. knowledge e (χ2)
Age in years
a. 20 years below 10 39 5
χ2 = 11.05
1. b. 21-30 years 33 46 11
df = 6
c. 31-40 years 29 61 4
(NS)
d. Above 40 years 43 81 8
Religion
a. Hindu 45 71 12 χ2 = 4.89
2.
b. Muslim 64 139 16 df = 4
c. Christian 6 17 0 (NS)
Education qualification
a. No formal education 65 131 18
b. Primary education 28 68 5
χ2 = 10.90
3. c. Secondary education 17 19 3
df = 8
d. Higher secondary
2 8 2 (NS)
education
e. Graduation & above 3 1 0
Type of House
a. Kuccha 25 36 5 χ2 = 2.22
4.
b. Semi Pucca 38 77 8 df = 4
c. Pucca 52 114 15 (NS)
Type of Family
a. Nuclear family 88 171 24 χ2 = 2.35
5.
b. Joint family 19 42 2 df = 4
c. Extended family 8 14 2 (NS)
No. of family Member
a. 2 (two) 12 15 1
b. 3 (three) 13 23 4 χ2 = 8.46
6.
c. 4 (four) 44 105 10 df = 8
d. 5 (five) 44 71 11 (NS)
e. >5 (more than five) 2 13 2
Level of significance at 0.05 level df=degree of freedom S*–Significance
NS-No significance
Table – 8: Depicts that, the χ2 value was less than the table value in terms of age in years,
religion, educational qualification, type of house, type of family, no. of family member.
Hence, the research hypothesis H3 stated that there is significant association between the
selected demographic variables with the pre-test knowledge score is rejected.
46
Table – 9: Association of pre-test knowledge of housewives regarding household waste
disposal management with their demographic variables. (n = 370)
Inadequat Adequate Chi
Sr Moderate
Demographic variables e Knowledg square
no. knowledge
knowledge e (χ2)
a. Below Rs.5000/- 16 18 1
χ2 = 6.89
7. b. Rs.5000/- to 10000/- 28 52 10
df = 6
c. Rs.10000/- to 15000/- 41 84 10
(NS)
d. Above Rs.15000/- 30 73 7
How you Dispose Household Waste at home?
a. Open dumping 36 71 12 χ2 = 2.32
8.
b. Making compost 11 18 1 df = 4
c. Public dustbin 68 138 15 (NS)
Do you have any space available for kitchen gardening?
a. Yes 40 84 8 χ2 = 0.83
9.
b. No df = 2
75 143 20
(NS)
(a) Are you aware about household waste disposal management?
a. Yes 11 26 2 χ2 = 0.66
b. No df=2
104 201 26
(NS)
a. TV, Radio 0 8 0
10.
b. Magazines, News
2 1 0
paper χ2 = 15.8
c. Internet sources, health df=8
5 4 0
related research studies (S*)
d. Health workers 1 7 2
e. Family and friends 3 6 0
Level of significance at 0.05 level df = degree of freedom S* – Significance
NS- No significance
Table – 9: Depicts that, the χ2 value was less than the table value in terms of monthly
family income, disposal of household waste, space available for kitchen gardening,
awareness regarding household waste disposal management. Hence the research
hypothesis H3 stated that there is significant association between the selected demographic
variables with the pre-test knowledge score was rejected. Except in terms of source of
information regarding household waste disposal management.
47
Table – 10: Association of pre-test expressed practice of housewives regarding
household waste disposal management with their demographic variables. (n = 370)
Chi
Sr Poor Moderate Good
Demographic variables square
no. practice practice practice
(χ2)
1. Age in years
a. 20 years below 11 38 5
χ2 = 6.88
b. 21-30 years 29 50 11
df = 6
c. 31-40 years 29 60 5
(NS)
d. Above 40 years 42 82 8
2. Religion
a. Hindu 41 74 6 χ2 = 4.0
b. Muslim 64 139 17 df = 4
c. Christian 19 16 0 (NS)
a. No formal education 63 132 19
b. Primary education 26 70 5
χ2=12.22
c. Secondary education 17 19 3
df = 8
d. Higher secondary 2 8 2
(NS)
education
e. Graduation & above 3 1 0
4. Type of House
a. Kuccha 25 36 5 χ2 = 2.77
b. Semi Pucca 37 77 9 df = 4
c. Pucca 49 117 15 (NS)
5. Type of Family
a. Nuclear family 85 173 25 χ2 = 2.72
b. Joint family 18 43 2 df = 4
c. Extended family 8 14 2 (NS)
a. 2 10 17 1
b. 3 12 24 4 χ2 = 7.02
c. 4 44 105 10 df=8
d. 5 43 71 12 (NS)
e. >5 2 13 2
NS- No significance
Table - 10: Depicts that, the χ2 value was less than the table value in terms of age in years,
religion, educational qualification, type of house, type of family, no. of family member,
Hence the research hypothesis H3 stated that there is significant association between the
selected demographic variables with the pre-test expressed practice score was rejected.
48
Table – 11: Association of pre-test expressed practice of housewives regarding
household waste disposal management with their demographic variables. (n = 370)
Sr Chi
Poor Moderate Good
no Demographic variables square
practice practice practice
. (χ2)
a. Below Rs.5000/- 14 20 1
b. Rs.5000/- to 10000/- 27 52 11 χ2 = 6.20
7.
c. Rs.10000/- to 41 84 10 df =6
15000/- (NS)
d. Above Rs.15000/- 29 74 7
How you Dispose Household Waste at home?
a. Open dumping 34 73 12 χ2 = 1.88
8.
b. Making compost 9 20 1 df = 4
c. Public dustbin 68 137 16 (NS)
9. Do you have any space available for kitchen gardening?
a. Yes 40 84 8
b. No χ2=0.90
df = 2
171 146 21
(NS)
(a) Are you aware about household waste disposal management?

a. Yes 11 26 2 χ2 = 0.66
b. No df=2
104 201 26
(NS)
a. TV, Radio 0 8 0
10
b. Magazines, News
. 2 1 0
paper χ2 = 15.8
c. Internet sources,
df=8
health related 5 4 0
research studies (S*)
d. Health workers 1 7 2
e. Family and friends 3 6 0
NS- No significance
Table - 11: Depicts that, the χ2 value was less than the table value in terms of monthly
family income, disposal of household waste, space available for kitchen gardening,
awareness regarding household waste disposal management. Hence the research hypothesis
H3 stated that there is significant association between the selected demographic variables
49
with the pre-test expressed practice score was rejected. except in terms of source of
information regarding household waste disposal management.
50
CHAPTER 5
DISCUSSION
CONCLUSION
AND
SUMMARY
DISCUSSION
The present study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of planned teaching
programme on knowledge and expressed practice regarding household waste disposal
management among housewives.
In present study, findings revealed that out of 370 subjects, 132 (36%) of the
subjects were belongs to the age group of 40 years and above. The study conducted by
Mohamad Noufal et al. revealed that 122 (40.70%) of the subjects were in the group of
46-60 years . The Charles Ssemugabo et al. and Stephen T. Odonkor et al. studies
(9)
revealed that 250 (63.5%) of the subjects were in the age group of 14-29 years (33) and 207
(34.5%) of the subjects were in the age group of 30-39 years (2).
The present study revealed that 219 (59%) subjects were Muslim, this is in
contrast to the study conducted by Charles Ssemugabo et al. and Stephen T. Odonkor et
al. revealed that 306 (77.5%) and 396 (66%) of the subjects were Christian respectively
.
(33,2)
The present study revealed that for the education qualification 214 (59%) subjects
had no any formal education. The similar study conducted by Gebisa Kabito, Henok
Dagne et.al revealed that 120 (28.4%) of the subjects were completed secondary
education (9-12) . The study conducted by Mohamad Noufal; Zena Maalla et al.
(48)
revealed that 129 (43%) were completed their College/Institute (9).

The present study revealed that regarding the type of house majority 181 (49%)
were residing in Pucca House. The study conducted by Lorren Kirsty Haywood et al.
shows that majority 52% of subjects were residing in pucca house (26).
The present study regarding No. of family member revealed that majority of the
subjects 283 (77%) had four family members. The similar study conducted by Mohamad
Noufal et al. revealed that 45% of subjects had 4-6 family member (9).
The present study revealed that for the monthly family income majority 135
(36%) of subjects earning Rs. 10000/- to 15000/- per monthly income. The study
conducted by Vaneesha Dusoruth; Hikaru Peterson and Mohamad Noufal et al. revealed
that majority 32.4% of subjects earn $35,000 to $74999 per year (50)
and 45% of subjects
were having 50,000/- to 100,000/- income (9).
46
The present study revealed that for the disposal of household waste 221 (60%)
subjects were using public dustbin. The contrast study conducted by Lorren Kirsty
Haywood et al. shows that majority 69% of subject’s household waste collected by local
authority (26).
The present study revealed that knowledge and expressed practice score on
household waste disposal management majority of the subjects 227(61%), 230(62%)
subjects were having Moderate knowledge and moderate practice respectively, whereas
the study conducted by GebisaKabit shows that 63.5% had good knowledge and 48.6%
had self-reported practices regarding waste management (48).
The present study revealed that the planned teaching programme for knowledge
and expressed practice found to be effective. “t” value for paired test is 22.22 the similar
study conducted by Oluwasinaayomi Faith Kasima et al. indicate that the values of t =
19.46 and t = 23.73 at p ≥ 0.05 in Nigeria and Guyana, respectively (49).
In the present study finding revealed that the χ2 value was less than the table value
in terms of age in years, religion, educational qualification, type of house, type of family,
no. of family member, monthly family income, disposal of household waste, space
available for kitchen gardening, awareness regarding household waste disposal
management. Hence, the hypothesis H3 stated that there is significant association between
the selected demographic variables with the pre-test knowledge and expressed practice
score was rejected. except in terms of source of information regarding household waste
disposal management. The study conducted by Stephen T. Odonkor revealed that there is
significant association found between the number of waste disposal sites in the
community and the average distance (in kilometers one way) from the city center to a
disposing site (2).
The present study revealed that there is positive correlation between knowledge
and expressed practice of household waste disposal management whereas the study
conducted by Mohamad Noufal et al. revealed that there is positive correlation between
household waste generation and monthly income, household size and age of the
household head whereas a negative correlation found between household waste
generation and the education level of the household head (9).
47
CONCLUSION
The results of this study provide insight into the direction of housewives in increasing
knowledge and expressed practice regarding household waste disposal management.
Based on the research results, the following conclusions have been drawn. There was no
significant association found between level of knowledge and expressed practice and
some demographic variables such as age in years, religion, education qualification, type
of house, type of family, no. of family member, monthly family income, disposal of
household waste at home, space available for kitchen gardening, awareness regarding
household waste disposal management, specification of source of information.
IMPLICATION OF THE STUDY
The findings of the study are applicable to nursing field. The implication in various field
of nursing i.e., nursing practice, nursing education, nursing administration and nursing
research.
Nursing Practice
 Community health nurse should be aware about methods of household waste
disposal and its impact on environment and public health.
 Mass Health education should be conducted by community health nurses in order
to enhance the knowledge and attitudes towards the household waste management
thereby they can improve their awareness regarding household waste disposal
management
 The community health nurse can adapt several educational strategies can be used
to disseminate health information, such as lectures, demonstrations, charts,
flipchart, which will make it interesting and help full acquisition of knowledge.
Nursing Education
 Nurse education curriculum should prepare the capable and effective nurses of the
future area.
 Nurses must be prepared to identify areas of knowledge gaps through a
community learning needs assessment.
 Student nurses can convey health information through a variety of methods such
as lecture cum discussion, role play, video show and others.
48
 More emphasis should be given in educating about proper disposal of household
waste management topics can be included in nursing curriculum. So, that the
nurses can understand various methods regarding proper disposal of waste and its
impact on environment and health.
Nursing Administration
 Nurse administrators are responsible for determining the nature of the problem
and organizing a program related to health promotion activities for the targeted
people.
 Mass education campaigns can be effective strategy to orient the public about
household waste disposal management and its impact on health. So, organizing
such mass health education programs can contribute to awareness in public, which
will help in early identification of such health problems.
 As a nurse administrator, they can organize workshop, seminars, conference
related to proper disposal of household waste methods, management, impacts of
environment and public health. So, it helps them to improve knowledge.
Nursing Research
 A researcher can help governments to plan healthcare projects based on current
health issues in the community level.
 The health personnel must conduct need-based healthcare project among
vulnerable groups in the community, especially in the rural and endemic areas.
 The student nurses can motivate to conduct studies to determine the effectiveness
of education programme in preventing food-borne diseases at community level.
 Housewives perform their household duty full day with honestly and sincerely
without taking any break from her household duty.
 As the precipitative factors are not fully known, researchers in this area shall be
promoted. By this we can identify the proper disposal of household waste among
housewives in rural community of Gujarat.
Limitation of the study
 A limited time available for data collection.
 The study did not use a control group and contained threats.
 External variables are beyond the control of the researcher.
49
 Sample was selected only from rural areas of Gujarat.
 The study is limited to household waste disposal management.
Recommendation
Based on the results of the study, the following recommendations are made
 Similar study can be conducted on a larger sample.
 A comparative study can be conducted with control group.
 Similar study can be conducted with different population and setting.
50
SUMMARY
In the present study student researcher was intended to ‘‘A study to assess the
effectiveness of planned teaching program on knowledge and expressed practice
regarding household waste disposal management among housewives of selected rural
community of Gujarat.”
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY WERE AS FOLLOWS:
 To assess the knowledge and expressed practice on household waste disposal
management among housewives in terms of pre-test knowledge score.
 To develop and validate planned teaching programme on household waste
 To evaluate the effectiveness of planned teaching programme on household waste
disposal management in terms of post-test knowledge and expressed practice
score among housewives.
 To find out the correlation between knowledge and expressed practice score
regarding household waste disposal management among housewives.
 To find out the association between selected demographic variables with pre-test
knowledge and expressed practice score.
ASSUMPTION
1. Rural Housewives have less awareness in terms of knowledge and expressed
practice regarding proper disposal of household waste management.
2. Planned teaching programme is one of the best methods to impart knowledge in
terms of intervention.
3. Improper disposal of household waste cause environmental pollution.
4. Proper disposal of household waste can produce compost manure which is good
to make the soil fertile for cultivation.
HYPOTHESES
 H1 There is significant increase in post-test knowledge and expressed practice
51
 H2 There is significant relationship between pre-test knowledge and expressed
 H3 There is significant association between the selected demographic variables
with the pre-test knowledge and expressed practice score.
 H01 There is no significant increase in post-test knowledge and expressed practice
 H02 There is no significant relationship between pre-test knowledge and expressed
 H03 There is no significant association between the selected demographic
variables with the pre-test knowledge and expressed practice score.
DESCRIPTION OF TOOL
 Section - A: Demographic Variables
Demographic variables such as age in years, religion, education qualification,
type of house, type of family, no. of family member, monthly family income,
disposal of household waste at home, space available for kitchen gardening,
awareness regarding household waste disposal management, specification of
source of information.
 Section - B: Self - structure knowledge questionnaire regarding HHWDM among
housewives.
 Section - C: Checklist on expressed practice regarding HHWDM among
housewives.
The major findings of the study were as follows:
 132 (36%) of the subjects were belongs to the age group of above 40 years.
 219 (59%) of the subjects were belongs to the Muslim religion.
 214 (59%) of the subjects were had no formal education.
 181 (49%) of the subjects were residing in pucca house.
 283 (77%) of the subjects were having nuclear family.
52
 159 (43%) of the subjects were 4 family members.
 135 (36%) had Rs. 10000/- to 15000/- per monthly family income.
 221 (60%) of the subjects were used public dustbin.
 238 (64%) of the subjects were does not have any space available for kitchen
gardening.
 331 (90%) of the subjects were not aware about household waste disposal
management.
 10 (26%) of the subjects were collect information from health workers.
The study design selected for the study was pre-experimental one group pre-test
post-test design. 370 housewives were recruited with the help of non-probability
convenient sampling technique in the selected Villages of Gujarat. The self-structured
knowledge questionnaire and checklist was used to collect data on household waste
disposal management among housewives. The data collection process for the main study
was began from 3rd February 2022 to 4th March 2022. The informed consent was obtained
from the respondents. The researcher self-introduced herself and explained the purpose of
the study for them and assured them about the confidentiality and anonymity of the
information. The researcher was conducted planned teaching program for 20 minutes
followed by pre-test was conducted by administering self- structured knowledge
questionnaire and checklist on 1st day and on the 7th day post test was conducted with the
same self-structured knowledge questionnaire checklist. The data gathered and for
analyzation of data descriptive and inferential statistics were used and findings were
interpreted according to objectives and represented form of table and graphical form.
Findings related to the level of knowledge, 31% of the subjects had inadequate
knowledge, 61% of the subjects have moderate knowledge and 8% of subject adequate
knowledge in pretest and for the post-test 62% of the subjects have moderate knowledge
and 38% of subject adequate knowledge regarding household waste disposal
management.
Findings related to expressed practice, 30% of the subjects had poor practice, 62%
of the subjects have moderate practice and 8% of subject good practice in pretest and for
the post-test 2% of the subjects have poor practice and 47% of subject moderate practice
and 51% of subjects had Good practice regarding household waste disposal management.
53
The overall findings related to level of knowledge and expressed practice revealed
that the percentage of post-test knowledge score and expressed practice score was more
than the pre-test knowledge score and expressed practice score respectively. Hence, it
indicates that the Planned teaching program was effective in enhancing the knowledge
and practice of household waste disposal management among housewives. The calculated
“t” value (22.22) was much higher than table/critical value (1.28). Hence, the hypothesis
H1 stated that there is significant increase in post-test knowledge and expressed practice
score than the pre-test knowledge and expressed practice score regarding household
waste disposal management among housewives of rural community is accepted.
The findings related to relationship between Knowledge and expressed practice
regarding household waste disposal management Shows that calculated correlation
coefficient (r) value between knowledge and expressed practice is 0.95 so, there is
positive correlation between knowledge and expressed practice. Hence, the hypothesis H 2
stated that there is significant relationship between pre-test knowledge and expressed
practice score regarding household waste disposal management among housewives of
rural community is accepted.
The finding related to association discovered that, the χ2 value was less than the
table value in terms of age in years, religion, educational qualification, type of house,
type of family, no. of family member, monthly family income, disposal of household
waste, space available for kitchen gardening, awareness regarding household waste
disposal management. Hence, the hypothesis H3 stated that “There is significant
association between the selected demographic variables with the pre-test knowledge and
expressed practice score” was rejected. except in terms of source of information
54
CHAPTER 6
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CHAPTER 7
ANNEXURES
ANNEXURE – 1
APPROVAL FOR CONDUCTING STUDY FROM ETHICAL
COMMITEE
ANNEXURE – 2
CHANGE OF GUIDE CERTIFICATE
ANNEXURE – 3
LETTER SEEKING PERMISSION TO CONDUCT PILOT STUDY

LETTER SEEKING PERMISSION TO CONDUCT MAIN STUDY
ANNEXURE - 4
LETTER SEEKING ACCEPTANCE FOR VALIDATION OF
TOOL
From,
Ms. Humera A. Mister
First year M.Sc. Nursing student,
Sumandeep Nursing College,
Vadodara.
To,
Respected Sir/Madam,
…………………..
…………………..
…………………..
Subject: Requesting expert opinion and suggestions for content validation of
Research Tool
Respected Sir/Madam,
I Ms. Humera A. Mister, student of Second Year M.sc Nursing from
Sumandeep Nursing college, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth, deemed to be University,
Vadodara. has selected the topic mentioned below for the dissertation to be submitted
in partial fulfilment of M.Sc. Nursing degree to Sumandeep Vidyapeeth Vadodara. “A
study to assess the effectiveness of planned teaching programme on knowledge
and expressed practice regarding household waste disposal management among
housewives in selected rural community of Gujarat”. You are requested to kindly
go through the content of the data collection tool enclosed here with in terms of its
relevance, accuracy and give your valuable suggestions.
Kindly sign the enclosed certificate which is attached along with research tool that
you have validated the tool.
Thanking You
Date: Yours Sincerely
Place: Ms. Humera A. Mister
ANNEXURE – 5
CERTIFICATE OF VALIDATION OF TOOL
TO WHOM IT MAY CONCERN
This is to certify that; I have validated the research tool for the study titled “A study
to assess the effectiveness of planned teaching programme on knowledge and
expressed practice regarding household waste disposal management among
housewives in selected rural community of Gujarat.” Intended by the investigator
from Second year M.Sc. Nursing, Sumandeep Nursing College, Piparia, Waghodia,
Vadodara. The tool constructed by the investigator has been found to be valid by me
and suitable for data collection.
Sections of the tool submitted and validated:
Section - A: Description of demographic variables of housewives regarding
Section - B: Self-structured knowledge questionnaire on housewives regarding
Section - C: Expressed practice checklist on housewives regarding household waste
Name :
Signature :
Designation :
Date :
Stamp of expert
ANNEXURE – 6
LIST OF EXPERTS WHO VALIDATE THE TOOL
1. Dr. Piyush Parmar
Associate Professor,
Dept. of Community Medicine
Smt. B. K. Shah Medical Institute & Research Centre,
Sumandeep Vidyapeeth.
2. Mr. Abhay Pattan
Assistant Professor,
Parul Institute of Nursing,
3. Ms. Sonal Patel
Associate Professor
Dept. of Medical Surgical Nursing,
Sumandeep Nursing College.
4. Mrs. Bhoomika Patel
Assistant professor
Dept. of Mental health Nursing.
5. Mr. Adithya S.
Dept. of Community Health Nursing,
6. Mr. Jomin Jose
Assistant professor
Dept. of Medical Surgical Nursing,
Sumandeep Nursing College,
7. Mrs. Ekta Patel
Associate Professor
Pioneer Nursing college.
8. Mr. Narang. G. Rathwa
Assistant teacher
B.A. B.Ed. in English
Nutan School,
Navakuva.
9. Mrs. Lalitaben Bhuriya
Assistant teacher
B.A. B.Ed. in Gujarati
Ranchodpura School,
Dhanitra.
ANNEXURE – 7
PARTICIPANTS INFORMED CONSENT FORM
SUMANDEEP VIDYAPEETH AN INSTITUTE OF DEEMED TO BE
UNIVERSITY
Piparia, Ta. Waghodia, Dist. Vadodara- 391760
Informed Consent Form (ICF) for Participants in Research Programs Involving
studies on human beings
Study title: - “A study to assess the effectiveness of planned teaching programme on
knowledge and expressed practice regarding household waste disposal management
among housewives in selected rural community of Gujarat.”
Study number: SVU/SNC/2020-2022…….
Participant’s Name……………………………...
Date of Birth/ Age…/…….../………. (………years)
1. I confirm that I have read and understood the information sheet dated ________
for the above study and have had the opportunity to ask questions.
2. I understand that my participation in the study is voluntary and that I am free to
withdraw at any time, without giving any reason, without my medical care or legal
rights being affected.
3. I understand that the investigator of this study, others working on the
investigator’s behalf, the Ethics Committee and the regulatory authorities will not
need my permission to look at my health records, both in respect of the current
study and any further research that may be conducted in relation to it, even if I
withdraw from the study. I agree to this access. However, I understand that my
identity will not be revealed in any information related to third party or published.
4. I agree not to restrict the use of any data or results that arise from this study
provided such a use is only for scientific purpose(s).
5. I agree to take part in the above study.
Signature (or thumb impression) of the participant /
Legally acceptable representative ________________________________________
Signatory’s Name ______________________ Date ______________________
Signature of the investigator ______________ Date ______________________
Study Investigator’s Name _____________________________________________
Signature of the impartial witness ____________ Date ______________________
Name of the witness ________________________________
ુ ન દીપ વિદ્યાપીઠ એન ઈન્સ્ટિટ્ય ૂશન, ડીમ્ડ ટુ બી યનિ
સમ ુ વર્સિટી
પિપરીયા, તા. વાઘોડિયા, જિ.વડોદરા-3917176060
સંશોધન કાર્યક્રમોમાં ભાગ લેવા માટે (આઇસીએફ) ની જાણકાર સંમતિ,
મનષ્ુ ય પરના અભ્યાસનો સમાવેશ કરે છે .
ુ રાતની પસંદ કરે લી ગ્રામીણ સમદ

અભ્યાસ શીર્ષક: "ગજ ુ ાયમાં ગ ૃહિણીઓ વચ્ચે ઘરગથ્થ ુ કચરા
ના વ્યવસ્થાપન અંગે ના જ્ઞાન અને અભિવ્યક્ત પ્રથા પરના આયોજિત અધ્યાપન અભ્યાસની
અસરકારકતાન ંુ આકલન કરવાનો અભ્યાસ."
અભ્યાસ નંબર: એસવીયુ / એસએનસી / ૨૦૨૦-૨૦૨૨…….
સહભાગીનુ ં નામ …………………………… ..
જન્મ તારીખ / ઉંમર… / …… ... / ………. (……… વર્ષ)
1. હુ ં પુષ્ટિ કરું છું કે ઉપરોક્ત અભ્યાસ માટે મેં ________ તારીખની માહિતી શીટ વાંચી
અને સમજી છે અને મને પ્રશ્નો પ ૂછવાની તક મળી છે .
2. હુ ં સમજુ ં છું કે અધ્યયનમાં મારી ભાગીદારી સ્વૈચ્છિક છે અને હુ ં કોઈપણ સમયે કોઈ
કારણ આપ્યા વિના, મારી તબીબી સંભાળ અથવા કાન ૂની અધિકારોને પ્રભાવિત કર્યા વિના
પાછો ખેંચી લેવા માટે મુક્ત છું.
3. હુ ં સમજુ ં છું કે આ અધ્યયનના તપાસનીસ કરનાર, તપાસનીતા વતી કામ કરતા અન્ય
લોકો, નીતિશાસ્ત્ર સમિતિ અને નિયમનકારી અધિકારીઓને હાલના અધ્યયનના સંદર્ભમાં અને
કોઈપણ સંશોધન બંને માટે મારા સ્વાસ્થ્યના રે કોર્ડ્સ જોવા માટે મારી પરવાનગીની જરૂર રહેશે
નહીં. તેના સંબધ
ં માં હાથ ધરવુ,ં ભલે હુ ં આ અભ્યાસમાંથી પાછી ખેંચી લે. હુ ં આ પ્રવેશ માટે
સંમત છું. જો કે, હુ ં સમજુ ં છું કે મારી ઓળખ ત ૃતીય પક્ષ સાથે સંબધિ
ં ત અથવા પ્રકાશિત
કોઈપણ માહિતીમાં બહાર આવશે નહીં.
4. હુ ં આ અભ્યાસથી ઉત્પન્ન થતા કોઈપણ ડેટા અથવા પરિણામોના ઉપયોગને પ્રતિબંધિત ન
રાખવા માટે સંમત છું જો કે આવા ઉપયોગ ફક્ત વૈજ્ઞાનિક હેત ુઓ માટે જ થાય છે .
5. હુ ં ઉપરના અધ્યયનમાં ભાગ લેવા સંમત છું.
હસ્તાક્ષર સહભાગી (અથવા અંગ ૂઠો છાપ) /
કાયદાકીય સ્વીકાર્ય પ્રતિનિધિ ________________________________________
હસ્તાક્ષરકર્તાનુ ં નામ ______________________ તારીખ
______________________
તપાસનીસ હસ્તાક્ષર ______________ તારીખ ______________________
અભ્યાસ તપાસનીશ નામ _____________________________________________
નિષ્પક્ષ સાક્ષી હસ્તાક્ષર ____________ તારીખ ______________________
નામ સાક્ષી ના ________________________________________
ANNEXURE 8
PARTICIPANT INFORMATION SHEET
1. Study Title
“A study to assess the effectiveness of planned teaching programme on
knowledge and expressed practice regarding household waste disposal
management among housewives in selected rural community of Gujarat”.
2. Invitation Paragraph
You are cordially invited to participate in the study titled “A Study to Assess the
Effectiveness of Planned Teaching Programme on Knowledge and Expressed
Practice Regarding Household Waste Disposal Management Among Housewives
in Selected Rural Community of Gujarat”. The choice of participating in this
study is yours. You will be given an informed consent before participating in this
study. I hope that you will participate in this study.
3. What is the purpose of the study?
The purpose of the study is to assess the Knowledge and Expressed practice
regarding disposal of household waste management among housewives.
4. Why have I been chosen?
You have been chosen in this study because you are self-confidence and lack of
self-esteem as you may have difficulty in express yourself effectively in working
period.
5. Do I have to take part?
It is up to you whether you want to take part or not. If you will take part in this
study your quality of life will be assess and compare to other. If you decided to
take part you will be given this information sheet to keep and be asked to sign
Consent Form.
6. What will happen to me if I take part?
If you will take part in this study, I will assess knowledge and expressed practice
about household waste disposal management.
7. What do I have to do?
I request your cooperation and participation throughout my study. I will easily
assess your knowledge and expressed practice regarding household waste
management.
8. What is the drug or procedure that is being tested?
This study does not involve any kind of drug testing, as I am assessing your
knowledge and expressed practice regarding Household waste disposal
management by asking questionnaires.
9. What are the alternatives for diagnosis or treatment?
I am not testing any drug or treatment on you. So, you should not worry about
any alternative for diagnosis or treatment.
10. What are the side effects of taking part?
This is a Non-experimental in which no participant will be tested for any type of
medical examination. So, there is no possibility of any side-effects on you.
However, you can tell us if you have to face any type of problem for participating
in this study.
11. What are the possible disadvantages and risks of taking part?
As far the study is concerned, there are no disadvantages of taking part in this
study.
12. What are the possible benefits of taking part?
As far after this study check the knowledge and Expressed practice regarding
Household waste disposal management.
13. What if new information becomes available?
If any new information becomes available, I will update the information to you.
14. What happens when the research/trial study stops?
As far study concern there is minimal chance of research study stops, because I
am assessing your quality of life by asking questionnaires, which is not having
any risk or harmful effect on you.
15. What will happen if something goes wrong?
After the correction from the experts only, I am assessing your quality of life by
asking questionnaires. Thus, the chances of error like miscommunication or
wrong information will be less.
16. Will my taking part in this study be kept confidential?
Yes, your all-personal information will remain confidential and will not be
revealed to any others. However, it will be used for scientific purpose without
your identity being revealed.
17. What will happen to the results of the research/trial study?
The results of the study will be utilized by Sumandeep Vidyapeeth as a part of
any academic activity. If it is needed, this result will be shown to you also.
18. Who is organizing and funding the research/trial?
The research is organized by me Ms. Humera A. Mister, Student of M.Sc.
Nursing (Community Health Nursing) in Sumandeep Nursing College and the
research funding is managed from my own budget.
19. Who has reviewed the study?
The study is reviewed by ethical committee of Sumandeep Nursing College.
20. Contact for further information.
Ms. Humera Aiyub Gulam Mister
2nd Year M.Sc. Nursing,
(M) – 7990617621.
Date:
Signature of PI:
સહભાગી ઈન્ફર્મેશન શીટ

1. અધ્યયન શીર્ષક
"ગુજરાતના પસંદગી ના ગ્રામીણ સમુદાયમાં ગ ૃહિણી માં ઘરગથ્થુ કચરાના નિકાલ અંગે ના
જ્ઞાન અને અભિવ્યક્તિ પ્રેક્ટિસ પર આયોજિત શિક્ષણ કાર્યક્રમની અસરકારકતા નુ ં મ ૂલ્યાંકન
કરવા માટેનો અભ્યાસ."
2. આમંત્રણ ફકરો
તમને "ગુજરાતના પસંદગી ના ગ્રામીણ સમુદાયમાં ગ ૃહિણી માં ઘરગથ્થુ કચરાના નિકાલ અંગે
ના જ્ઞાન અને અભિવ્યક્તિ પ્રણાલી નુ ં પર આયોજિત શિક્ષણ કાર્યક્રમની અસરકારકતા નુ ં
મ ૂલ્યાંકન કરવા માટેનો અભ્યાસ" શીર્ષક વાળા અભ્યાસમાં ભાગ લેવા માટે તમને હાર્દિક
આમંત્રણ છે . આ અભ્યાસમાં ભાગ લેવાની પસંદગી તમારી છે . આ અભ્યાસમાં ભાગ લેતા
પહેલા તમને જાણકાર સંમતિ આપવામાં આવશે. હુ ં આશા રાખું છું કે તમે આ અભ્યાસમાં ભાગ
લેશો.
3. અભ્યાસનો હેત ુ શ ંુ છે ?
અભ્યાસનો હેત ુ ગૃહિણીઓમાં ઘરે લ ુ કચરાના સંચાલનનો યોગ્ય નિકાલ કરવા સંબધિ
ં ત જ્ઞાન
અને અભિવ્યક્ત પ્રણાલીનુ ં આકારણી કરવાનો છે .
4. મને શા માટે પસંદ કરવામાં આવ્યો છે ?
આ અભ્યાસમાં તમારી પસંદગી એટલા માટે કરવામાં આવી છે કારણ કે તમે આત્મવિશ્વાસ અને
આત્મ સન્માન નો અભાવ છો કારણ કે તમને કાર્ય કાળમાં અસરકારક રીતે તમારી જાતને
વ્યક્ત કરવામાં મુશ્કેલી પડી શકે છે .
5. મારે ભાગ લેવો પડશે?
તમે ભાગ લેવા માંગો છો કે નહીં તે તમારા પર છે . જો તમે આ અભ્યાસમાં ભાગ લેશો તો
તમારા જીવનની ગુણવત્તા નુ ં મ ૂલ્યાંકન કરવામાં આવશે અને અન્ય સાથે સરખામણી કરવામાં
આવશે. જો તમે ભાગ લેવા નુ ં નક્કી કર્યું હોય તો તમને આ માહિતી પત્રક રાખવા માટે
આપવામાં આવશે અને સંમતિ ફૉર્મ પર સહી કરવાનુ ં કહેવામાં આવશે.
6. જો હું ભાગ લઈશ તો મારં ુ શ ંુ થશે?
જો તમે આ અભ્યાસમાં ભાગ લેશો, તો હુ ં ઘરગથ્થુ કચરાના નિકાલ અંગેના જ્ઞાન અને વ્યક્ત
પ્રણાલી નુ ં મ ૂલ્યાંકન કરીશ.
7. મારે શ ંુ કરવ ંુ પડશે?
હુ ં મારા અભ્યાસ દરમિયાન તમારા સહકાર અને ભાગીદારીની વિનંતી કરું છું. ઘરગથ્થુ કચરા
ં ત તમારા જ્ઞાન અને વ્યક્ત પ્રણાલી નુ ં હુ ં સરળતાથી મ ૂલ્યાંકન કરીશ.

વ્યવસ્થાપન સંબધિ
8. જે દવા અથવા પ્રક્રિયાની તપાસ કરવામાં આવી રહી છે તે શ ંુ છે ?

આ અભ્યાસમાં કોઈપણ પ્રકારની દવા પરિક્ષણનો સમાવેશ થતો નથી, કારણ કે હુ ં પ્રશ્નાવલિ
પ ૂછી ને ઘરગથ્થુ કચરાના નિકાલ અંગે ના તમારા જ્ઞાન અને વ્યક્ત પ્રણાલી નુ ં મ ૂલ્યાંકન કરી
રહ્યો છું.
9. નિદાન અથવા ઉપચાર માટેના વિકલ્પો શ ંુ છે ?
હુ ં તમારા પર કોઈ દવાની અથવા સારવારનુ ં પરીક્ષણ કરતો નથી. તેથી તમારે નિદાન અથવા
સારવાર માટેના કોઈપણ વિકલ્પ વિશે ચિંતા ન કરવી જોઈએ.
10. ભાગ લેવાની આડઅસરો શ ંુ છે ?
આ એક પ્રાયોગિક અભ્યાસ છે જેમાં કોઈ પણ પ્રકારની તબીબી તપાસ માટે કોઈ સહભાગીની
પરીક્ષણ કરવામાં આવશે નહીં. તેથી તમારા પર કોઈ આડઅસર થવાની સંભાવના નથી. જો કે,
જો તમે આ અધ્યયનમાં ભાગ લેવા માટે તમારે કોઈ પણ પ્રકારની સમસ્યાનો સામનો કરવો
પડે તો તમે અમને કહી શકો.
11. ભાગ લેવાના સંભવિત ગે રફાયદા અને જોખમો શ ંુ છે ?
જ્યાં સુધી અધ્યયનની વાત છે ત્યાં સુધી આ અભ્યાસમાં ભાગ લેવાના કોઈ ગેરફાયદા નથી.
12. ભાગ લેવાના સંભવિત લાભો શ ંુ છે ?
આ અભ્યાસ પછી ઘરે લ ું કચરો નિકાલ વ્યવસ્થાપન સંબધિ

ં ત જ્ઞાન અને અભિવ્યક્ત પ્રથા
તપાસો.
13. નવી માહિતી ઉપલબ્ધ થાય તો?
જો કોઈ નવી માહિતી ઉપલબ્ધ થાય છે , તો હુ ં તમને માહિતી અપડેટ કરીશ.
14. સંશોધન / અજમાયશ અધ્યયન બંધ થાય ત્યારે શ ંુ થાય છે ?
જ્યાં સુધી અભ્યાસની ચિંતા છે ત્યાં સંશોધન અધ્યયન થવાની સંભાવના ઓછી છે , કારણ કે હુ ં
પ્રશ્નાવલિ પ ૂછીને તમારી જીવનની ગુણવત્તાનુ ં મ ૂલ્યાંકન કરું છું, જેનાથી તમારા પર કોઈ જોખમ
અથવા નુકસાનકારક અસર નથી.
15. જો કં ઇક ખોટંુ થાય તો શ ંુ થશે?
ફક્ત નિષ્ણાતોના કરે ક્શન પછી, હુ ં પ્રશ્નાવલિ પ ૂછીને તમારી જીવનની ગુણવત્તાનુ ં મ ૂલ્યાંકન કરું
છું. આમ, ગેરસમજણ અથવા ખોટી માહિતી જેવી ભ ૂલની સંભાવના ઓછી હશે.
16. શ ંુ મારો આ અધ્યયનમાં ભાગ લેવો ગપ્ુ ત રાખવામાં આવશે?
હા, તમારી બધી વ્યક્તિગત માહિતી ગુપ્ત રહેશે અને અન્ય કોઈને જાહેર કરવામાં આવશે નહીં.
જો કે, તેનો ઉપયોગ તમારી ઓળખ પ્રગટ થયા વિના વૈજ્ઞાનિક હેત ુ માટે કરવામાં આવશે.
17. સંશોધન / અજમાયશ અધ્યયનનાં પરિણામોન ંુ શ ંુ થશે?

અભ્યાસના પરિણામોનો ઉપયોગ કોઈ શૈક્ષણિક પ્રવ ૃત્તિના ભાગ રૂપે સુમનદીપ વિદ્યાપીઠ દ્વારા
કરવામાં આવશે. જો તેની જરૂર હોય, તો આ પરિણામ તમને પણ બતાવવામાં આવશે.
18. સંશોધન / અજમાયશન ંુ આયોજન અને ભંડોળ કોણ આપી રહ્ય ં ુ છે ?
આ સંશોધન એમ.એસ.સી. ની વિદ્યાર્થી કુ. હમ

ુ ેરા એ. મિસ્ટર દ્વારા આયોજિત કરાયું છે .
સુમનદીપ નર્સિંગ કોલેજમાં નર્સિંગ (કમ્યુનિટી હેલ્થ નર્સિંગ) અને સંશોધન ભંડોળ મારા પોતાના
બજેટમાંથી સંચાલિત થાય છે .
19. અભ્યાસની સમીક્ષા કોણે કરી છે ?
સુમનદીપ નર્સિંગ કોલેજની નૈતિક સમિતિ દ્વારા આ અભ્યાસની સમીક્ષા કરવામાં આવી છે .
20. વધ ુ માહિતી માટે સંપર્ક કરો.
કુ. હુમર
ે ા એ. મિસ્ટર
બીજુ ં વર્ષ એમ.એસ.સી. નર્સિંગ,
કમ્યુનિટી હેલ્થ નર્સિંગ વિભાગ
સુમનદીપ નર્સિંગ કોલેજ.
(એમ) - 6354070094
તારીખ:
હસ્તાક્ષર:
ANNRXURE 9
PLAGIARISM REPORT
ANNEXURE - 10
STUDY COMPLETION CERTIFICATE
ANNEXURE – 11
BLUE PRINT FOR SELF- STRUCTURED KNOWLEDGE
QUESTIONNARIE RELATED TO HOUSEHOLD WASTE DISPOSAL
MANAGEMENT
SR TOTAL NO. PERCENTAG
AREA ITEM NUMBER
NO. OF ITEMS E
1 Introduction Q1, Q2, Q3 3 10%
2 Classification Q4, Q5, Q6 3 10%
Methods and Q7, Q8, Q9, Q10,
3 teaching of Q11, Q12, Q13, 8 26.6%
HHHWDM Q14,
Waste Q15, Q17, Q18,
4 management Q19, Q20, Q21, 8 26.6%
cycle Q22, Q23,
Environmental Q16, Q25, Q27,
5 5 16.6%
pollution Q28, Q30
Health related
6 Q24, Q26, Q29 3 10%
problems
Total 30 100%
ANNEXURE – 12
TOOL OF RESEARCH STUDY
SECTION-A: SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES

Instructions:
Please listen to each item/statement carefully and give appropriate response. All the
information (response) given will be kept confidential and used only for the study
purpose.
Kindly answer all questions:
1. Age in years
a) Below 20 years ( )
b) 21-30 years ( )
c) 31-40 years ( )
d) Above 40 years ( )
2. Religion
a) Hindu ( )
b) Muslim ( )
c) Christian ( )
d) Others ( )
a) No formal education ( )
b) Primary education ( )
c) Secondary education ( )
d) Higher secondary education ( )
e) Graduation and Above ( )
4. Type of House
a) Kuccha ( )
b) Semi Pucca ( )
c) Pucca ( )
5. Type of Family
a) Nuclear family ( )
b) Joint family ( )
c) Extended family ( )
a) 2 ( )
b) 3 ( )
c) 4 ( )
d) 5 ( )
e) > 5 ( )
7. Monthly family Income
a) Below Rs. 5000/- ( )
b) Rs. 5000/- to 10000/- ( )
c) Rs. 10000/- to 15000/- ( )
d) Above 15000/- ( )
8. How you Dispose Household Waste at home?
a) Open dumping ( )
b) Making compost ( )
c) Public dustbin ( )
9. Do you have any space available for kitchen gardening?
a) Yes ( )
b) No ( )
10. (a) Are you aware about Household waste management?
a) Yes ( )
b) No ( )
a) TV, Radio ( )
b) Magazines, newspaper ( )
c) Internet sources, health related research studies ( )
d) Health workers ( )
e) Family and friends ( )
SECTION: B SELF-STRUCTURED KNOWLEDGE QUESTIONNAIRE TO
ASSESS THE KNOWLEDGE REGARDING HOUSEHOLD WASTE
DISPOSAL MANAGEMENT
Instructions:
Please listen each item/statement carefully and give appropriate response. All the
information (response) given will be kept confidential and used only for the study
purpose.
Kindly answer all the questions:
1. What is another word used for household waste?
a) Domestic waste ( )
b) Bio medical waste ( )
c) Toxic waste ( )
2. Household waste comprised of?
a) Hazardous waste ( )
b) Non-hazardous waste ( )
c) A and B Both ( )
3. Which of the following waste is organic waste?
a) Biomedical syringe, needle ( )
b) vegetable peelings, leaves ( )
c) concrete ( )
4. Separation of wet waste from dry waste is known as?
a) Segregation ( )
b) Removal ( )
c) Composting ( )
5. Which type of waste is helpful for cultivation?
a) Kitchen waste ( )
b) Plastic waste ( )
c) Glass material ( )
6. Which waste cannot be decomposed by themselves?
a) Bio degradable ( )
b) Animal dung ( )
c) Non bio degradable ( )
7. What is kitchen Gardening?
a) A collection of plants that you can grow indoors ( )
b) A garden at the backyard ( )
c) A group of fruits and vegetables from the market ( )
8. How kitchen gardening helpful for community?
a) It provides a good use of discarded tins and old utensils ( )
b) Save money, time and promote relief from acute stress ( )
c) A and B both ( )
9. Which of the following is known to decompose organic portion of wastes?
a) Composting ( )
b) Decomposing ( )
c) Burning ( )
10. Which of the following is not a drawback of vermicomposting?
a) Time consuming process ( )
b) Enriches soil with microorganism ( )
c) Require regular monitoring ( )
11. Manure pit is formed from?
a) Cow dung and plants leaves ( )
b) Farm and household refuse ( )
c) None of above ( )
12. Vermicomposting is a process of?
a) Degradation of organic wastes by bacteria ( )
b) Degradation of organic waste by earthworms ( )
c) Degradation of organic waste by fungi ( )
13. Where should we can throw away garbage from house?
a) In public dustbin ( )
b) At a distance place ( )
c) At our door steps ( )
14. How door to door garbage collection helps?
a) Save time and effort ( )
b) Systematised ( )
c) A and B both ( )
15. What does the three R in waste management means?
a) Reduce, Reuse, Recycle ( )
b) Reduce, Rubbish, Recycle ( )
c) Residue, Reuse, Reframe ( )
16. Which method can cause air pollution?
a) Incineration ( )
b) Storage of waste ( )
c) Dumping of waste ( )
17. Which of the following items cannot be recycled?
a) Food and organic items ( )
b) Disposable goods like plates and bowls ( )
c) News Paper ( )
18. How to minimize the waste from soft drinks can and bottle?
a) Cover them with paint for home decoration ( )
b) Use them in to kitchen gardening as a pot ( )
c) A and B both ( )
19. What does it mean to reduce?
a) Use something over and over again ( )
b) Use less of something, creating smaller amounts of waste ( )
c) Make something in to something new ( )
20. Which waste can be sold for recycle?
a) Plastic, metals ( )
b) Batteries, Newspaper ( )
c) A and B both ( )
21. What does it mean to recycle?
a) Make something into something new ( )
b) Use something over and over again ( )
c) Use less of something, creating smaller amounts of waste ( )
22. How to reduce hazardous household waste?
a) Buy smart, purchase nontoxic or less hazardous products ( )
b) Finish all products or donate what is leftover ( )
c) A and B both ( )
23. How to dispose expired or unused medicine at home?
a) Mixed it with dust like substance and seal the container and throw to
garbage ( )
b) Dispose anywhere ( )
c) Dump in public dustbin without seal ( )
24. Poor management of household waste encourages which disease?
a) Respiratory disease ( )
b) Intestinal and skin disease ( )
c) A and B both ( )
25. Which of the following is bad for environment?
a) Littering ( )
b) Farming ( )
c) Manure ( )
26. The risk of plague increases in which area?
a) Poor sanitary place ( )
b) Overcrowding place ( )
c) A and B both ( )
27. How does affect Poor management of waste to environment?
a) Make change in climate ( )
b) Destruct the ozone layer ( )
c) A and B both ( )
28. How you can prevent mosquito breeding outside you home?
a) Remove the waste surrounding the house ( )
b) Covering and clearing stagnant water ( )
c) A and B both ( )
29. Which of the following disease caused by mosquito?
a) Malaria ( )
b) Diabetes ( )
c) Thyroid ( )
30. Which problem can arise due to Open dumping?
a) Soil infertile ( )
b) Contaminates water bodies ( )
c) A and B both ( )
Sr no. Category Score
1 Inadequate knowledge 0-10
2 Moderate knowledge 11-20
3 Adequate knowledge 21-30
SECTION-C
CHECKLIST TO ASSESS EXPRESSED PRACTICE ON HOUSEHOLD
WASTE DISPOSAL MANAGEMENT
Instructions:
Dear participants Please listen to each item/statement carefully and give appropriate
response. All the information (response) given will be confidential and used only for
the study purpose.
Sr
Statement Yes No
No.
1. Are you compost organic waste for kitchen Gardening?
2. Have you practicing segregation of waste in to waste
and dry waste?
3. Do you cover the sanitary pad with paper before
discard?
4. Is there any excess usage of plastic in the house?
5. Do you purchase nontoxic or less hazardous products
instead of hazardous product?
6. Are you using a public Dustbins to dispose a household
waste?
7. Are you practicing to discard waste and clean the
dustbin on daily basis?
8. Are you carry a reusable bag for Shopping?
9. Are you donating the items that no use for you like
blankets, clothes etc.?
10. Are you using organic waste and animal dung for
making compost?

Sr no. Category Score
1. Poor practice 0-3
2. Moderate practice 4-6
3. Good practice 7-10
વિભાગ-અ
સ્વ- સંચાલિત જ્ઞાન પ્રશ્નોત્તરી
સ ૂચનાઓ:
કૃપા કરીને દરે ક વાક્ય ને ધ્યાનથી સાંભળો અને યોગ્ય પ્રતિભાવ આપો. આપેલ તમામ માહિતી
(જવાબ) ગોપનીય રાખવામાં આવશે અને તેનો ઉપયોગ ફક્ત અભ્યાસ હેત ુ માટે કરવામાં
આવશે.
કૃપા કરીને બધા પ્રશ્નોના જવાબ આપો.
૧. ઉંમર
અ) ૨૦ વર્ષથી ઓછી ( )
બ) ૨૧-૩૦ વર્ષ ( )
ક) ૩૧-૪૦ વર્ષ ( )
ડ) ૪ 0 વર્ષથી વધારે ( )
૨. ધર્મ
અ) હિન્દુ ( )
બ) મુસ્લિમ ( )
ક) ખ્રિસ્તી ( )
ડ) અન્ય ( )
૩. શૈક્ષણિક લાયકાત
અ) કોઈ ઔપચારિક શિક્ષણ નથી ( )
બ) પ્રાથમિક શિક્ષણ ( )
ક) માધ્યમિક શિક્ષણ ( )
ડ) ઉચ્ચ માધ્યમિક શિક્ષણ ( )
ઈ) સ્નાતક અને તેથી વધુ ( )
૪. ઘરનો પ્રકાર
અ) કાચું ઘર ( )
બ) અર્ધ પાકું ઘર ( )
ક) પાકું ઘર ( )
૫. કુ ટંુ બનો પ્રકાર

અ) વિભક્ત કુટુંબ ( )
બ) સંયક્ુ ત કુટુંબ ( )
ક) વિસ્ત ૃત કુટુંબ ( )
૬. પરિવારના સભ્યની સંખ્યા
અ) ૨ (બે) ( )
બ) ૩ (ત્રણ) ( )
ક) ૪ (ચાર) ( )
ડ) ૫ (પાંચ) ( )
ઈ) >૫ (પાંચ કરતાં વધારે ) ( )
૭. કુ ટંુ બની માસિક આવક
અ) ૫૦૦૦ થી ઓછી ( )
બ) ૫૦૦૦ થી ૧૦૦૦૦ ( )
ક) ૧૦૦૦૦ થી ૧૫૦૦૦ ( )
ડ) ૧૫૦૦૦ થી વધુ ( )
૮. તમે ઘરે ઘરે લ ંુ કચરા નો નિકાલ કેવી રીતે કરો છો?
અ) ખુલ્લા માં કચરા નો નિકાલ ( )
બ) ખાતર બનાવી ને ( )
ક) જાહેર કચરા પેટી માં ( )
૯. શ ંુ તમારી પાસે તમારા ઘરમાં બાગકામ માટે કોઈ જગ્યા ઉપલબ્ધ છે ?
અ) હા ( )
બ) ના ( )
૧૦.અ) શ ંુ તમે ઘરગથ્થ ુ કચરા ના વ્યવસ્થાપન વિશે માહિતગાર છો?
અ) હા ( )
બ) ના ( )
૧૦ બ.) જો હા, તો માહિતી ક્યાં થી મરે છે .
અ) ટીવી, રે ડિયો દ્વારા ( )
બ) સામયિક, સમાચાર પત્ર દ્વારા ( )
ક) ઇન્ટરનેટ સ્ત્રોત, આરોગ્ય સંબધિ

ં ત સંશોધન નાં અભ્યાસ દ્વારા ( )
ડ) આરોગ્ય કર્મચારીઓ દ્વારા ( )

વિભાગ: બ
ઘરગથ્થ ુ કચરાના નિકાલ વ્યવસ્થાપન અંગે ના જ્ઞાન ન ંુ મ ૂલ્યાંકન કરવા માટે પ્રશ્નાવલિ
સ ૂચનાઓ: કૃપા કરીને દરે ક વાક્ય ને ધ્યાનથી સાંભળો અને યોગ્ય પ્રતિભાવ આપો. આપેલ
તમામ માહિતી (જવાબ) ગોપનીય રાખવામાં આવશે અને તેનો ઉપયોગ ફક્ત અભ્યાસ હેત ુ માટે
જ કરવામાં આવશે.
કૃપા કરીને બધા પ્રશ્નોના જવાબ આપો:
૧. ઘરના કચરા માટે બીજો કયો શબ્દ વાપરી શકાય છે ?
અ) ઘરે લ ું કચરો ( )
બ) બાયોમેડિકલ કચરો ( )
ક) ઝેરી કચરો ( )
૨. ઘરનાં કચરા નો શેમાં સમાવેશ થાય છે ?
અ) જોખમી કચરો ( )
બ) બિન-જોખમી કચરો ( )
ક) અ અને બ બંને ( )
3. નીચેના માંથી કયો કચરો સેંદ્રિય કચરો છે ?
અ) બાયોમેડિકલ સિરિંજ, સોય ( )
બ) શાકભાજીની છાલ, પાંદડા ( )
ક) કાટમાળ ( )
૪. સ ૂકા કચરા માંથી ભીના કચરા ને જુદા પાડવા ને શ ંુ કહેવાય છે ?
અ) કચરા નુ ં વિભાજન ( )
બ) કચરા ને દૂ ર કરવું ( )
ક) ખાતર બનાવવું ( )
૫. કયા પ્રકારનો કચરો ખેતી માટે મદદરૂપ છે ?
અ) સોડામાં થી નિકળતો કચરો ( )
બ) પ્લાસ્ટિક નો કચરો ( )
ક) કાચની વસ્ત ુ ( )
૬. કયો કચરો પોતે વિઘટિત થઈ શકતો નથી?
અ) બાયો ડીગ્રેડેબલ (ભીનો કચરો) ( )
બ) પ્રાણી ઓ નુ ં છાણ ( )
ક) નોન બાયો ડીગ્રેડેબલ (સ ૂકો કચરો) ( )
૭. કિચન ગાર્ડનિંગ કોને કહેવાય છે ?
અ) છોડનો સંગ્રહ જે તમે ઘરની અંદર ઉગાડી શકો છો ( )
બ) ઘર નાં વાડા માં થત ું બાગકામ ( )
ક) બજારમાંથી ફળો અને શાકભાજી લાવવા ને. ( )
૮. કિચન ગાર્ડનિંગ પબ્લિક માટે કેવી રીતે મદદરૂપ થાય છે ?
અ) તેમાં કાઢી નાંખેલા ટીન અને જૂના વાસણનો સારો ઉપયોગ કરી શકાય છે . ( )
બ) પૈસા અને સમય નો બચાવ અને તીવ્ર તણાવ માંથી રાહત મરે છે . ( )
૯.નીચેનામાંથી કય ંુ કચરાના સેંદ્રિય ભાગ ને વિઘટિત કરવા માટે જરૂરી છે ?
અ) ખાતર ( )
બ) વિઘટન ( )
ક) કચરો બાળવાથી ( )
૧૦. નીચેના માંથી કય ંુ વાક્ય વર્મીકં પોસ્ટિંગ માટે ન ૂકસાનદાયક નથી?
અ) સમય નો વધારે ઉપયોગ થાય છે . ( )
બ) સ ૂક્ષ્મજીવો સાથે જમીનને સમ ૃદ્ધ બનાવે છે . ( )
ક) નિયમિત દે ખરે ખ ની જરૂર પડે છે . ( )
૧૧. ખાતર નો ખાડો (ઊંડાણ માં ખાતર) કેવી રીતે બનાવી શકાય છે ?
અ) ગાયનુ છાણ અને છોડના પાંદડા ( )
બ) પ્લાસ્ટિક નો કચરો ( )
ક) એક પણ નહીં ( )
૧૨. વર્મીકમ્પોસ્ટિંગ કઈ પ્રક્રિયા છે ?
અ) બેક્ટેરિયા દ્વારા સેંદ્રિય કચરા નુ ં અધઃપટન ( )
બ) અળસિયા દ્વારા સેંદ્રિય કચરા નુ ં અધઃપટન ( )
ક) ફૂગ દ્વારા સેંદ્રિય કચરા નુ ં અધઃપટન ( )
૧૩. ઘર નો કચરો કયાં ફેંકવો જોઇએ?
અ) જાહેર કચરા પેટી માં ( )
બ) દૂ રના સ્થળ ( )
ક) ઘર નાં દરવાજા ની બહાર ( )
૧૪. દરે ક ઘર માં થી (ડોર ટુ ડોર કલેક્શન) કચરો ભેગો કરવાની પ્રક્રિયા થી શેમાં મદદ મળે
છે ?
અ) સમય અને કામ નો બચાવ થાય છે . ( )
બ) વ્યવસ્થિત પ્રક્રિયા છે ( )
૧૫. કચરાના વ્યવસ્થાપન માં ત્રણ R નો અર્થ શ ંુ થાય છે ?
અ) ઘટાડો, પુનઃ ઉપયોગ, ફરી થી વાપરવું ( )
બ) ઘટાડો, કચરો, ફરી થી વાપરવું ( )
ક) અવશેષ, પુનઃ ઉપયોગ, રિફ્રેમ ( )
૧૬. કઈ પદ્ધતિ વાય ુ પ્રદૂ ષણ ન ંુ કારણ બની શકે છે .?
અ) કચરો બાળવાથી ( )
બ) કચરા નો સંગ્રહ કરવાથી ( )
ક) કચરા ને ફેંકવાથી ( )
૧૭. નીચેના માંથી કઈ વસ્ત ુ ને પન
ુ ઃપ્રકિયા (રિસાયકલ) માં ઉપયોગ કરી શકાતી નથી?
અ) ખોરાક અને સેંદ્રિય વસ્ત ુઓ ( )
બ) એકવાર વાપરી ને ફેંકી શકાય એવા વાસણ. ( )
ક) સમાચાર પત્ર ( )
૧૮. ઠં ડા પીણાં ની કેન અને પ્લાસ્ટિક ની બોટલ નો કચરો કેવી રીતે ઓછો કરી શકાય છે ?
અ) ઘરની સજાવટ માટે અને તેમને કલર કરી ને ( )
બ) કિચન ગાર્ડનિંગ માં પોટ તરીકે તેનો ઉપયોગ કરવાથી. ( )
ુ ) નો અર્થ શ ંુ છે ?
૧૯.કચરો ઘટાડવા (રિડ્યજ
અ) વસ્ત ુ ને ફરી થી વાપરો ( )
ુ ો ઓછો ઉપયોગ કરો, ઓછી માત્રામાં કચરો બનાવો
બ) કોઈ પણ વસ્તન ( )
ક) કંઈક નવું વસ્ત ુ બનાવો . ( )
૨૦. કયો કચરો રિસાયકલ માટે વેચી શકાય છે ?
ુ
અ) પ્લાસ્ટિક, ધાતુ ની વસ્તઓ ( )
બ) ઉપયોગ માં ના આવતી બૅટરી, સમાચાર પત્ર ( )
૨૧. રીસાઇકલ નો અર્થ શ ંુ થાય છે ?
અ) કઈંક નવું વસ્ત ુ બનાવો ( )
બ) વસ્ત ુ ને ફરી થી વાપરો ( )
ક) કોઈ પણ વસ્ત ુનો ઓછો ઉપયોગ કરો, ઓછી માત્રામાં કચરો બનાવો ( )
૨૨. ઘરના જોખમી કચરા ને કેવી રીતે ઘટાડવો જોઇએ ?
અ) સ્માર્ટ ખરીદી, બિન ઝેરી અથવા ઓછા જોખમી ઉત્પાદન ની ખરીદી કરી ને ( )
અ) બધી સામગ્રી નો ઉપયોગ કરો અથવા જે બચે છે તે દાન કરો ( )
૨૩. એક્ષ્પાયર્ડ અને ન વપરાતી દવાઓ નો નિકાલ કેવી રીતે કરવો જોઇએ?
અ) તેને ધ ૂળ જેવા પદાર્થ સાથે ભેળવીને અને પાત્ર ને બંધ કરીને કચરા માં ફેંકી દે વી. ( )
બ) ગમે ત્યાં નિકાલ કરો ( )
ક) બંધ કર્યા વગર જાહેર ડસ્ટબીન માં નાખી દે વી. ( )
૨૪. કચરા ન ંુ સંચાલન યોગ્ય રીતે ના કરવાથી કયા રોગો ને ઉત્તેજન મરે છે .?
અ) શ્વસન રોગ ( )
બ) આંતરડા અને ચામડી ના રોગ ( )
૨૫.નીચેનામાંથી કય ંુ પર્યાવરણ માટે હાનિકારક છે ?
અ) ગંદકી ( )
બ) ખેતી ( )
ક) ખાતર ( )
૨૬. કયા વિસ્તારમાં પ્લેગ ના રોગ જોખમ વધે છે ?
અ) અસ્વચ્છ જગ્યા માં ( )
બ) વધુ ભીડ ભાડ વારી જગ્યા માં ( )
૨૭. કચરા ન ંુ સંચાલન યોગ્ય રીતે ના કરવા થી વાતાવરણ ને કેવી અસર પડે છે .
અ) આબોહવામાં ફેરફાર થાય છે . ( )
બ) ઓઝોન સ્તર નો નાશ થાય છે . ( )
૨૮. તમે તમારા ઘરની બહાર મચ્છરો નો ઉપદ્રવ ને કેવી રીતે અટકાવી શકો?
અ) ઘરની આસપાસ નો કચરો દૂ ર કરી ને. ( )
બ) આસપાસ ની જગ્યા માં જમા થયેલ પાણી ને સાફ કરી ને ( )
૨૯. નીચેના માંથી કયો રોગ મચ્છરથી થાય છે ?
અ) મેલેરિયા ( )
બ) ડાયાબિટીસ ( )
ક) થાઇરોઇડ ( )
૩૦. ખલ્ુ લા માં કચરા ના નિકાલ ને કારણે કઈ સમસ્યા ઊભી થઈ શકે છે ?
અ) જમીન બિન ફળદ્ર ુપ બને છે ( )
બ) જલાશયનો દૂ ષિત કરે છે ( )
વિભાગ-ક
ઘરગથ્થ ુ કચરા નિકાલ વ્યવસ્થાપન પર વ્યક્ત પ્રેક્ટિસ ન ંુ મ ૂલ્યાંકન કરવા માટે
પ્રશ્નાવલિ
સ ૂચનાઓ:
પ્રિય સહભાગી ઓ કૃપા કરીને દરે ક વાક્ય/વિધાન ને ધ્યાનથી સાંભળો અને યોગ્ય પ્રતિભાવ
આપો. આપેલ તમામ માહિતી (જવાબ) ગોપનીય રહેશે અને તેનો ઉપયોગ ફક્ત અભ્યાસ
હેત ુ માટે જ કરવામાં આવશે.
ક્રમ નિવેદન હા ના
નં
૧ શુ ં તમે સેંદ્રિય કચરા નો ઉપયોગ કરી ને કિચન ગાર્ડનિંગ
માટે ખાતર બનાવો છો?
૨ શુ ં તમે સ ૂકા કચરા ને ભીના કચરા થી અલગ કરો છો?
૩ શુ ં માસિક સ્રાવ માં ઉપયોગ માં લેવાતા પેડ ને કાગળ થી

ઢાંકી અને ઇન્ક પેન થી ક્રોસ ની નિશાની કરી ને કચરો સોંપો
છો?
૪ શુ ં ઘરમાં પ્લાસ્ટિક નો વધુ ઉપયોગ થાય છે ?
૫ શુ ં તમે જોખમી ઉત્પાદન ને બદલે બિન ઝેરી અથવા ઓછા

જોખમી ઉત્પાદનો ખરીદો છો?
૬ શુ ં તમે ઘરના કચરા નો નિકાલ કરવા માટે જાહેર કચરા પેટી
નો ઉપયોગ કરો છો?
૭ શુ ં તમે દરરોજ કચરો ફેંકી કચરા પેટી સાફ કરો છો?
૮ શુ ં તમે શોપિંગ માટે ફરીથી વાપરી શકાય તેવી થેલી નો

ઉપયોગ કરો છો?
૯ શુ ં તમે એવી વસ્ત ુઓ નુ ં દાન કરી રહ્યા છો જેનો તમારા માટે
કોઈ ઉપયોગ થતો નથી, જેમ કે ધાબળા, કપડાં વગેરે?
૧૦ શુ ં તમે ઘર ની આસપાસ ના સેંદ્રિય કચરા અને પ્રાણી ના
છાણ ઉપયોગ કરી ખાતર બનાવો છો?
ANNEXURE – 13
ANSWER KEY OF TOOL
Answer key for the structured knowledge questionnaire to assess the knowledge
Sr no. Answer key Sr no. Answer key
1. A 11. A
2. C 12. B
3. B 13. C
4. A 14. C
5. A 15. C
6. C 16. A
7. B 17. B
8. C 18. A
9. A 19. C
10. B 20. A
11. A 21. C
12. B 22. C
13. A 23. C
14. C 24. A
15. A 25. C
ANNEXURE – 14
LIST OF FORMULA USED IN DATA ANALYSIS
1. Spilt half method = r1=2r
1+r
∑σ
[ ]
2
k
2. Cronbach alpha formula α = 1− 2 i
k−1 σx
α = Coefficient alpha
k = Number of items
2
σ i = Varience of the item
σ 2x = Total variance of the scale
3. Mean x̄=∑X
N
4. Median = n+1
2
5. Chi square test formula
E= row total x column total
Frequency
x2=∑ (O-E)2
E
O = Observational Frequency
E = Expected Frequency Total
6. Degree of freedom = (r-1) (c-1)
7. Paired t test formula
∑d
t=√n(∑d2) -(∑d)2
n-1
ANNEXURE 14
PLANNED TEACHING PROGRAMME ON HOUSEHOLD
WASTE DISPOSAL MANAGEMENT (ENGLISH)
LESSON PLAN
Student Teacher Name : Ms. Humera A. Mister
Subject : Community Health Nursing
Topic : Household waste disposal Management
Teaching method : Lecture cum discussion
Group : Housewives of Rural Community
Venue : Rural area of Derol Primary Health Centre
Duration : 20 minutes
AV Aids : Chart, Flashcard, Flip chart
General objective: At the end of session the subjects will be able to acquire
knowledge regarding household waste disposal management as well as apply it into
their day-to-day living.
Specific objective: At the end of session the subject will be able to:
 describe concept of household waste disposal management

 explain classification of household waste disposal management
 elaborate methods and teaching of household waste disposal management
 discuss in detail about waste management cycle at Community level
 discuss environmental pollution due to poor household waste disposal
management
 explain health related problems due to poor Household waste disposal
management
Sr. Teaching
Specific
No Time Content Learning AV Aids Evaluation
objective
. Activity
Teaching
Sr. Specific
Time Content Learning AV Aids Evaluation
no. objective
Activity
1. 1 HOUSEHOLD WASTE DISPOSAL Lecture What is the
minute MANAGEMENT cum meaning of
INTRODUCTION discussion household
Household waste is also known as domestic Waste waste
or residential Waste, unwanted and unusable management?
materials which has no use.
2. 2 To describe
CONCEPT
concept of Disposal of household
minutes What is
Non-hazardous waste can include (Organic waste)
household waste.
Kitchen waste, leftover food, flowers, leaves, etc. organic
waste
and (Recyclable waste) tin, glass, plastic, wood, waste?
disposal
paper, metals. Which can be Recyclable and or
managemen
composted.
t
Hazardous waste includes (Demolition products)
Old medicines, paints, chemicals, bulbs, spray cans,
fertilizer and pesticide container batteries, shoe
polish.
Teaching
Sr. Specific
no. objective
Activity
Household waste management is the process in
which waste is collected from different sources
and disposed.
3. 3 To explain the CLASSIFICATION OF HOUSEHOLD Lecture Chart What is
minutes classification WASTE cum another name
of household 1) Wet waste (Biodegradable): waste that comes discussion for wet waste
waste disposal from kitchen and it includes food remains, garden and dry west?
management waste, etc. and this waste can be useful for
compost which is good to make the soil fertile for Biodegredable waste (wet
cultivation. waste)
2) Dry waste (non-biodegradable): wastes that

includes broken glass, plastics, batteries etc. Non-
biodegradable waste is known as dry waste and
this waste can be recycled and reused. Non-
biodegradable wastes do not decompose by Non-biodegradable waste
themselves. (dry waste)
Sr. Teaching
Specific
objective
. Activity
So, it is a major risk for environmental pollution.
3) Sanitary waste: sanitary pad, condoms anything
with bodily fluids etc., should wrapped in a How to
newspaper and marked with the red cross bye use of dispose
sketch or ink pen and handover to waste collectors. sanitary
METHODS AND TEACHING OF waste?

5 To elaborate Sanitary waste
4.
HOUSEHOLD WASTE
minutes methods and
1) Kitchen Gardening: it is the method in which Flash Card
teaching of Lecture
What are
people can use backyard closed to their house.
household cum
the benefits
Kitchen gardening can help in recycling of
waste disposal discussion
of kitchen
household waste by using compost and manure pit.
management? gardening?
It provides a good use of discarded tins, old utensils
and clay pots. It is one of the easiest ways of
Kitchen Gardening
ensuring access to a healthy Diet that contains
adequate macro and micro nutrients.
Sr. Time Specific Content Teaching AV Aids Evaluation

No Learning
objective
. Activity
This activity will save money, time and promotes
relief from acute stress.
2) Composting: it is the method in which the How to do
organic portion of waste is allowed to composting?
decomposed and converted into organic matter.

Stable humus like materials called the compost.
Its produce carbon dioxide, water, and heat, after Composting
several days destroys eggs and larvae of flies, and

Which color
pathogenic agent.
warm used in
3) Vermicomposting: it is a process based on
vermicomposting
earthworms and microorganisms, in which the
Method?
organic portion of waste is allowed to
decomposed and converted into organic matter
Vermicomposting
fertile manure with the help of red worms. This
manure is known as vermicompost.
Sr. Teaching
Specific
objective
. Activity
4) Manure pits: in rural areas waste is thrown Lecture
around the houses resulting rate increase of pollution. cum What is
This problem can be solved by manure pits by the discussion cultivation of
individual householders. The garbage straw, dung of soil?
animal, leaves are dumped into the manure pits and
M
covered with earth after each day’s dumping. Two
anure pits
dumping required for the manure pits. When one is
What is the
closed, the other will be used in a 5 to 6 months.
meaning of
The waste is converted into manure which can be
door-to-door
help in field for cultivation.
garbage
5) Door to door Garbage collection: means
Door to door garbage collection?
collection of waste from door step of households by
collection
waste keeper.
6) Public Bin: public bins are for a large number of
people, dump the refuse in the nearest public bin.
P
ublic bin
Sr. Time Specific Content Teaching AV Aids Evaluation

Learning
no. objective
Activity
It should keep on a concrete platform raised 2 to 3
inches above ground level to prevent water
entering bins. What are the
5. 5 To apply the WASTE MANAGEMENT CYCLE Lecture Chart 3 “R”
minutes waste Waste management cycle: cum indicating in
management The 3 R (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle) to be followed discussion waste
cycle for for waste management cycle. management
disposal of 1) Reduce: cycle?
waste.
 Reduce the use of disposable goods like Waste managemet cycle
paper plate, bowl, Styrofoam cup, plastic
Which
spoons, paper napkin etc.,
utensils we
 Increase the use of durable goods like
can use for
metal, glass and steel utensils, plastic and
reduce the
fibers plate and drinking cup, clothes
waste?
napkin.
Reduce waste
 Buy smartly, purchase nontoxic and less
hazardous material if possible.
Sr Teaching
Specific
. Time Content Learning AV Aids Evaluation
objective
no. Activity
 Use less water during shower.
 If you purchase any hazardous material like
paint, pesticides finish all the products or donate
what is leftover.
 According to FDA recommendation for the
expired and unused medicine mixed it with dust Do not waste water
like substance, seal the container and throw to
garbage during door-to-door collection.
2) Reuse: How we can
 Don’t through away soft drink can or bottle use plastic or
cover them with homemade print for home drink bottle to
decoration either used it for kitchen gardening manage the
as a pot. waste?
 Use reusable shopping bag made up clothes or
jute, which can be used over and over. Reuse drink or plastic
bottle
Teaching
Sr. Specific
no. objective
Activity
 Use the kitchen waste for composting.
 Donate the items that are in good condition
but are of no use to you like clothes,
blankets, sweaters.
3) Recycle:
 Make something from waste material and
Use reusable shopping
create something new things. bag
 Sell the material like glass, metal, clothing
and certain plastics at recycle center for
recycling purpose.
 According to EPA recommendation send
used batteries for recycle process at nearby
places that recommended by government.
Recycle of waste
Teaching
Sr. Specific
no. objective
Activity
6. 3 To discuss ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION Lecture Flip Chart What is the
minutes environmental  Land is polluted due to open dumping, cum meaning of
pollution waste breakdown on land and form the discussion incineration?
methane gas and its responsible for
greenhouse effect.
 Poor management of household waste
Environmental pollution
make change in climate and destruct the
ozone layer.
 Open dumping cause soil infertile and
also contaminates water bodies which
leads to affect the sea animal.
Due to discarded plastic carry bags and
Mosquito breeding due to
uncollected waste which leads to breeding
waste
ground for mosquito and insects.
Teaching
Sr. Specific
no. objective
Activity
 Garbage contaminates surface waters that
affects directly ecosystems and technically
it’s called water pollution, including fish,
and other animals drink the polluted water.
 Overflow of waste causes air pollution and
respiratory disease. Water pollution
 Incineration of waste cause the air pollution.
HEALTH RELATED PROBLEMS
7. 2 To explain  Household waste is a risk of public health by Lecture Which are the
minutes health related attracting flies, rodents, mosquitoes, and cum diseases that
problems due rats. discussio A cause by due
to waste.  Respiratory problems: common cold, viral n ir pollution to poor waste
fever, Tuberculosis, influenza, diphtheria, Flash Card management?
Bronchitis, and measles.
Health problems due to
waste
Teaching
Sr. Specific
no. objective
Activity
 Skin infection: scabies, Ringworm, leprosy
and others
 House flies: malaria, dengue fever,
filariasis and other
 Lymphatic system: plague.
REFERENCES
આયોજિત શિક્ષણ કાર્યક્રમ
ઘરગથ્થ ુ કચરા ના નિકાલ પર આયોજિત શિક્ષણ કાર્યક્રમ (ગજ

ુ રાતી)
પાઠ ની યોજના
વિદ્યાર્થી શિક્ષક ન ંુ નામ :હમ

ુ ેરા એ. મિસ્ટર
વિષય :કમ્યુનિટી હેલ્થ નર્સિંગ
વિષય :ઘરગથ્થુ કચરા ના નિકાલ નુ ં વ્યવસ્થાપન
શિક્ષણ પદ્ધતિ :વ્યાખ્યાન અને ચર્ચા
જૂથ ૃ ણોઓ
:ગ્રામીણ સમુદાય ની ગહિ
સ્થળ :દે રોલ પ્રાથમિક આરોગ્ય કેન્દ્ર નો ગ્રામ્ય વિસ્તાર
સમય :૨૦ મિનિટ
ચલચિત્ર :ચાર્ટ , ફ્લેશ કાર્ડ, ફ્લિપ ચાર્ટ
સામાન્ય ઉદ્દે શ્ય: સત્રના અંતે વિષય ઘરગથ્થુ કચરાના નિકાલ અંગેન ુ ં જ્ઞાન પ્રાપ્ત કરી
શકશે તેમજ તેને રોજિંદા જીવનમાં લાગુ કરી શકાશે.
ચોક્કસ ઉદ્દે શ્ય: શિક્ષણ કાર્યક્રમ ના અંતે, સહભાગી ઓ ઘરગથ્થુ કચરા ના નિકાલ ના
વ્યવસ્થાપન વિષય વિશે સક્ષમ હશે:
 ઘરગથ્થુ કચરા ના નિકાલ વ્યવસ્થાપન ની ધારણા ન ંુ વર્ણન કરો

 ઘરગથ્થુ કચરા ના નિકાલ વ્યવસ્થાપન નુ ં વર્ગીકરણ સમજાવો.
 ઘરગથ્થુ કચરા નિકાલ વ્યવસ્થાપન ની વિસ્ત ૃત પદ્ધતિ ઓ અને શિક્ષણ.
 સમુદાય સ્તરે કચરા ના વ્યવસ્થાપન નુ ં ચક્ર લાગુ કરો.
 ઘરગથ્થુ કચરાના નિકાલ ના નબળા વ્યવસ્થાપન ને કારણે પર્યાવરણીય
પ્રદૂ ષણ ની ચર્ચા કરો.
 ઘરગથ્થુ કચરાના નિકાલ ના નબળા સંચાલન કારણે આરોગ્ય સંબધિ

ં ત
સમસ્યાઓ સમજાવો.
અન ુ શિક્ષણ
સમય ચોક્કસ હેત ુ વિષયાર્થ ચલ ચિત્ર મ ૂલ્યાંકન
નં પદ્ધતિ
૧. ૧ ઘરગથ્થ ુ કચરાના નિકાલ ન ંુ વ્યવસ્થાપન વ્યાખ્યાન ઘરગથ્થુ
મિનિટ પરિચય: અને ચર્ચા કચરા ના
વ્યવસ્થાપન
ઘરગથ્થુ કચરો એ ઘરે લ ું કચરો અથવા રહેણાંક કચરો,
નો અર્થ શુ ં
અનિચ્છનીય, બિન ઉપયોગી કચરા તરીકે પણ ઓળખાય છે .
છે ?
ધારણા:
૨. ૨ ઘરગથ્થુ કચરા
મિનિટ ના નિકાલ બિન-જોખમીકચરા માં (સેંદ્રિય કચરો) જેવા કે રસોડાનો કચરો, ઘરગથ્થુ કચરા નુ ં
વ્યવસ્થાપન બચેલો ખોરાક, ફૂલો, પાંદડા વગેરે. અને (રિસાયકલ કરી શકાય નિકાલ.
એવો કચરો) જેમાં ટીન, કાચ, પ્લાસ્ટિક, લાકડુ,ં કાગળ, ધાતુઓ સેંદ્રિય કચરો
ની ધારણા નુ ં
એટલે શુ?ં
વગેરે નો સમાવેશ થાય છે . જે ખાતર અને અન્ય બીજી વસ્ત ુઓ
વર્ણન કરો
બનાવી શકાય છે .
જોખમીકચરા માં (ડિમોલિશન ઉત્પાદનો) જેમ કે જૂની દવાઓ,

પેઇન્ટ, રસાયણો, બલ્બ, સ્પ્રે કેન, ખાતર અને જતં ુ નાશક
કન્ટેનર, બેટરી, બ ૂટ પોલિશ નો સમાવેશ થાય છે . ઘરગથ્થુ
કચરાનુ ં વ્યવસ્થાપન એ એવી પ્રક્રિયા છે જેમાં વિવિધ સ્ત્રોત
માંથી કચરો એકત્ર કરવા માં આવે છે અને તેનો નિકાલ કરવા
માં આવે છે .
૩. ૩ મિનિટ ઘરગથ્થુ ઘરગથ્થ ુ કચરાના નિકાલ વ્યવસ્થાપન ન ંુ વર્ગીકરણ: વ્યાખ્યાન ભીના કચરા
કચરા ના ૧) ભીનો કચરો (બાયોડિગ્રેડેબલ): રસોડા માં થી નીકળ તો અને ચર્ચા ચાર્ટ અને સ ૂકા
નિકાલ કચરો, ખોરાક ના અવશેષો, બગીચાનો કચરો વગેરેનો કચરા નુ ં
વ્યવસ્થાપન સમાવેશ થાય છે . જે ખાતર માટે ઉપયોગી થઈ શકે છે . અને બીજુ ં નામ શુ ં
નુ ં વર્ગીકરણ ખેતી માટે જમીનને ફળદ્ર ુપ બનાવે છે . છે ?
૨) સ ૂકો કચરો (બિન-બાયોડિગ્રેડેબલ): જેમાં ત ૂટેલા કાચ,

ભીનો કચરો
પ્લાસ્ટિક, બેટરી વગેરેનો સમાવેશ થાય છે . બિન-
બાયોડિગ્રેડેબલ કચરા ને સુકા કચરા તરીકે પણ ઓળખાય છે .
અને આ કચરા ને રિસાયકલ કરી ફરી થી ઉપયોગ માં લઈ
શકાય છે . સ ૂકો કચરો પોતે વિઘટિત થઇ શકતો નથી. તેથી,
તે પર્યાવરણીય પ્રદૂ ષણ માટે એક મોટું જોખમ બની શકે. સેનિટરી

સ ૂકો કચરો
3) સેનિટરી કચરો: સેનિટરી પેડ, શારીરિક પ્રવાહી સાથેના કચરા નો
કોન્ડોમ વગેરે ને અખબાર માં લપેટી ને સ્કેચ અથવા શાહી નિકાલ કઈ

રીતે કરવો
પેનનો ઉપયોગ કરીને રે ડ ક્રોસ સાથે ચિહ્નિત કરવું જોઈએ
જોઈએ?
અને કચરા ને સોંપવો જોઈએ.
સેનિટરી કચરો
૪. ૫ ઘરગથ્થુ કચરા ઘરગથ્થ ુ કચરા માટેની પદ્ધતિ ઓ અને શિક્ષણ: વ્યાખ્યાન ફ્લેશ કાર્ડ કિચનગાર્ડનિંગ
મિનિટ ના નિકાલ ૧) કિચનગાર્ડનિંગ: એવી પદ્ધતિ છે જેમાં લોકો તેમના અને ચર્ચા ના ફાયદા શુ ં છે
વ્યવસ્થાપન ની ઘરની પાછળ ના વરં દા નો ઉપયોગ કરે છે . ?
પદ્ધતિ ઓ અને કિચનગાર્ડનિંગ માં ખાતર અને ખાતર ના ખાડા માં ઘરના
શિક્ષણ વિશે કચરા નો રિસાયક્લિંગ મા ઉપયોગ કરે છે . તે કાઢી
વિસ્ત ૃત માહિતી. નાંખેલા ટીન અને જૂના વાસણો, માટી ના વાસણો નો
કિચનગાર્ડનિંગ
સારો એવો ઉપયોગ કરી શકે છે . જે પર્યાપ્ત પ્રમાણ માં
પોષકતત્ત્વો થી ભરપ ૂર સ્વસ્થ આહાર સહેલી રીતે બનાવી
શકે આ પ્રવ ૃત્તિ નાણાં, સમય ની બચત કરશે અને તીવ્ર
તણાવ માંથી રાહત અને પ્રોત્સાહન પણ આપશે.
૨) કમ્પોસ્ટિંગ: તે એક પદ્ધતિ છે જેમાં કચરાના સેંદ્રિય
ભાગ ને વિઘટન અને સેંદ્રિય પદાર્થમાં રૂપાંતરિત કરવા કમ્પોસ્ટિંગ ની
માં આવે છે . પદ્ધતિ થી
સ્ટેબલ હ્યુમસ જેવી સામગ્રી ને ખાતર કહેવાય છે . તે ખાતર કેવી
કાર્બન ડાયોક્સાઇડ, પાણી અને ગરમી ઉત્પન્ન કરે છે , ઘણા રીતે બનાવી
દિવસો પછી ઇંડા અને માખી ઓ ના લાર્વા અને રોગકારક શકાય છે ?
કમ્પોસ્ટિંગ
જીવો નો નાશ કરે છે .
૩) વર્મીકમ્પોસ્ટિંગ: તે અળસિયા અને સ ૂક્ષ્મજીવો પર વ્યાખ્યાન વર્મીકંપોસ્ટિંગ
આધારિત પ્રક્રિયા છે , જેમાં કચરા ના સેંદ્રિય ભાગ ને અને ચર્ચા માં કયા કલર
વિઘટિત કરી ને સેંદ્રિય પદાર્થો ના ફળદ્ર ુપ ખાતર માં ના કૃમિ નો
રૂપાંતરિત થાય છે . લાલ કૃમિ ની મદદ સાથે આ ખાતર ઉપયોગ થાય
વર્મીકમ્પોસ્ટિંગ તરીકે ઓળખાય છે . છે .
૪) મેન્યોર પિટ્સ (ખાતરના ખાડા): ગ્રામીણ વિસ્તાર માં
વર્મીકમ્પોસ્ટિંગ
ઘરો ની આસપાસ કચરો ફેંકવામાં આવે છે . પરિણામે
પ્રદૂ ષણ માં વધારો થાય છે . આ સમસ્યા નુ ં નિરાકરણ
વ્યક્તિગત ઘરના લોકો દ્વારા ખાતર ના ખાડાઓ દ્વારા કરી
શકાય છે . કચરોસ્ટ્રો, પશુઓ નુ ં છાણ, પાંદડા ખાતર ના
ખાડાઓ માં નાંખવામાં આવે છે અને માટી થી ઢાંકી દે વા
માં આવે છે . મેન્યોર પિટ્સ માટે ૨ ખાડા ઓ જરૂરી હોઈ
છે .
જ્યારે એક બંધ થશે ત્યારે બીજાનો ઉપયોગ ૫ થી ૬
મેન્યોર પિટ્સ (ખાતરના
મહિનામાં કરી શકશે.
ખાડા)
કચરો ખાતર માં રૂપાંતરિત થાય છે જે ખેતી માટે મદદરૂપ
થાય છે .
૫) ડોર ટુ ડોર ગાર્બેજ કલેક્શન: (ઘર પાસે થી કચરા ની ડોર ટુ ડોર
ઉઘરાણી) એટલે દરે ક ઘર માં થી કોઈ પણ સદસ્ય એના ઘર ગાર્બેજ
નો કચરા ને વાહન લઈ કચરો ઉઘરાવવારા વ્યક્તિ ને સોંપે કલેક્શન નો
છે . અર્થ શુ ં થાય
૬) સાર્વજનિક કચરા પેટી: સાર્વજનિક કચરા પેટી મોટી સંખ્યામાં છે ?
ડોર ટુ ડોર ગાર્બેજ
લોકો માટે ઉપયોગ માં લેવાતી હોય છે , જેમાં કચરા ને નજીકના
કલેક્શન
જાહેર કચરા પેટી માં ફેંકી દે વા માં આવે છે . કચરા પેટી માં
પાણી પ્રવેશ ત ું અટકાવવા માટે તેને જમીનની સપાટીથી ૨થી ૩
ઇંચ ઊંચા કોંક્રિટ થી બનેલ પ્લેટફોર્મ પર રાખવા માં આવે છે .
(વેસ્ટ મેનેજમેન્ટ સાયકલ) કચરા ના વ્યવસ્થાપન ન ંુ ચક્ર:
૫. ૫ કચરા ના જે 3 “આર” (ઘટાડો, પુનઃ ઉપયોગ, રિસાયકલ) તરીકે વ્યાખ્યા સાર્વજનિક કચરા પેટી
મિનિ નિકાલ માટે અનુસરવામાં આવે છે . ન અને ચાર્ટ
ટ વેસ્ટ ુ (ઘટાડો):
૧) રિડ્યજ ચર્ચા
મેનેજમેન્ટ  પેપર પ્લેટ, બાઉલ, સ્ટાયરોફોમ કપ, પ્લાસ્ટિક ની
સાયકલ લાગુ ચમચી, પેપર નેપ્કિન વગેરે જેવા ડિસ્પોઝેબલ સામાન
કરવુ.ં નો ઉપયોગ ઓછો કરો.
 સ્નાન લેતી વખતે ઓછું પાણી વાપરો.
કચરા ના વ્યવસ્થાપન ન ંુ
ચક્ર
 ધાતુ, કાચ અને સ્ટીલ ના વાસણો, પ્લાસ્ટિક અને વ્યાખ્યાન
ફાઈબરની પ્લેટ અને પીવાના કપ,કપડાં નેપ્કિન અને ચર્ચા
વગેરે જેવા ટકાઉ માલનો ઉપયોગ વધારવો.
 જો તમે પેઇન્ટ, જતં ુનાશકો જેવી કોઈપણ જોખમી
સામગ્રી ખરીદો છો તો તમામ ઉત્પાદનો ને સંપ ૂર્ણ
ઉપયોગ કરો અથવા જે બચે છે તે દાનમાં આપો.
 સોચ સમજદારી થી ખરીદો, જો શક્ય હોય તો પાણી નો વપરાશ જરૂર
બિન ઝેરી અને ઓછી જોખમી સામગ્રી ખરીદો. પ ૂરતો જ કરવો?
 એક્સપાયાર્ડ થયેલ અને ન વપરાયેલ દવા માટે

એફ.ડી.એ. ની ભલામણ અનુસાર તેને ધ ૂળ જેવા કચરા નુ ં
પદાર્થ સાથે ભેરવી, કન્ટેનર ને સીલ કરો અને સંચાલન કરવા
ડોર-ટુ-ડોર કલેક્શન દરમિયાન કચરો ફેંકી દો. માટે આપણે
ુ (પન
૨) રિયજ ુ ઃ ઉપયોગ): બોટલ નો
 ઘર ની સજાવટ માટે સોડા ની બોટલ કે કોઈ પણ ઉપયોગ કેવી
કેન નુ ં કલર કરી ઘર ની સજાવટ માટે રીતે કરી
શકીએ ?
બોટલ નો રિયુજ (પુનઃ

ઉપયોગ)
ઉપયોગ માં લો. અથવા એને કિચનગાર્ડનિંગ માટે
કુંદા (પોટ) તરીકે ઉપયોગ કરો.
 ફરીથી વાપરી શકાય તેવી થેલી નો ઉપયોગ કરો
જે કાપડ ની અથવા કંતાન (જ્યુટ) ની બનેલી
હોઈ.
 રસોડા ના કચરા નો ઉપયોગ ખાતર બનાવવા
માટે કરો.
ફરી થી વાપરી શકાય
 કપડાં, ધાબળા, સ્વેટર જેવી વસ્ત ુઓ નુ ં દાન કરો
એવી થેલી
કે જે સારી સ્થિતિ માં છે પરં ત ુ તમારે એને
ઉપયોગ માં લેવી નથી.
૩) રિસાયકલ:
• વેસ્ટ માં થી બેસ્ટ બનાવો.
• કાચ, ધાતુ, કપડાં પ્લાસ્ટિક જેવા કચરા ને
રિસાયક્લિંગ સેન્ટર પર વેચાણ કરો.
• ઈ.પી.એ ની ભલામણ અનુસાર સરકાર દ્વારા
ભલામણ કરાયેલી નજીક ના સ્થળોએ રિસાયકલ
પ્રક્રિયા માટે વપરાયેલ બેટરીઓ મોકલો. કચરા નુ ં રિસાયકલ
અન ુ સમય ચોક્કસ હેત ુ વિષયાર્થ શિક્ષણ ચલ ચિત્ર મ ૂલ્યાંકન

૬. ૩ મિનિટ પર્યાવરણીય પર્યાવરણીય પ્રદૂ ષણ: વ્યાખ્યાન કચરો બાળવા
પ્રદૂ ષણ અંગે ઘરગથ્થુ કચરાના અયોગ્ય સંચાલન અને નિકાલ ની અને ચર્ચા ફ્લિપ ચાર્ટ ની પ્રક્રિયા ને
ચર્ચા કરવી. તકનીક નો અભાવ પર્યાવરણ ને પ્રદૂ ષિત કરે છે . શુ ં કહેવામાં
• ખુલ્લા માં કચરો નાખવાના કારણે જમીન આવે છે ?
પ્રદૂ ષિત થાય છે અને મિથેન વાયુ નુ ં ઉત્પાદન
થાય છે . જે ગ્રીન હાઉસ અસર માટે જવાબદાર છે .
• ઘરગથ્થુ કચરાનુ ં નબળું સંચાલન આબોહવામાં
પર્યાવરણીય પ્રદૂ ષણ
પરિવર્તન લાવે છે અને ઓઝોન સ્તર નો નાશ
કરે છે .
• ખુલ્લા માં કચરો નાખવા થી જમીન બિન ફળદ્ર ુપ
બને છે અને તે જળાશય ને પણ દૂ ષિત કરે છે જે
દરિયાઈ પ્રાણી ઓ ને જીવ માટે ખતરનાક અસર
પાણી નુ ં પ્રદૂ ષણ
કરે છે .
• પ્લાસ્ટિક અને બાકી ના બીજા કચરાના કારણે
મચ્છર અને જતં ુઓ પેંદા થાય છે .
મચ્છર નો ઉપદ્રવ લાર્વા

ના કારણે
• કચરો સપાટી ના પાણીને દૂ ષિત કરે છે જે
પર્યાવરણ ને સીધી અસર કરે છે જેને જળ
પ્રદૂ ષણ કહેવામાં આવે છે અને અન્ય પ્રાણી ઓ
પ્રદૂ ષિત પાણી પીવે છે .
• કચરાના ઊભરાવ થી વાયુ પ્રદૂ ષણ અને શ્વસન
સંબધ
ં ી રોગ થાય છે . હવા નુ ં પ્રદૂ ષણ
• કચરા ને બાળવાથી વાયુ પ્રદૂ ષણ થાય છે .
૭. ૨ આરોગ્ય સંબધિ
ં ત આરોગ્ય સંબધિ
ં ત સમસ્યાઓ: વ્યાખ્યાન ફ્લેશ કાર્ડ કચરા ના
મિનિટ સમસ્યાઓ • ઘરનો કચરો એ માખી ઓ, ઉંદરો, મચ્છર ને અને ચર્ચા નબળા
સમજાવટ. આકર્ષિત કરે છે . જે લોકો ના આરોગ્ય માટે વ્યવસ્થાપન
ખુબજ ખતરનાક હોય છે . ને કારણે
• શ્વસન ને લાગતી સમસ્યાઓ: સામાન્ય શરદી, કયા રોગો
વાયરલ તાવ, ક્ષય, ઇન્ફ્લુએન્ઝા, ડિફ્થેરિયા, થાય છે ?
આરોગ્ય સંબધિ
ં ત સમસ્યાઓ
બ્રોન્કાઇટિસ અને ઓરી.
• ત્વચા ચેપ: ખંજવાળ, દાદ, રક્તપિત્ત અને
અન્ય પ્રકાર ના રોગ.
• ઘરની માખી ઓ: મેલેરિયા, ડેન્ગ્યુ તાવ,
હાથીપગો અને અન્ય રોગ
• આંતરડામાં રોગ: ટાઇફોઇડ તાવ, ફૂડ પોઈઝનિંગ,
ગેસ્ટ્રોએન્ટેરિટિસ અને અન્ય મોટી બીમારી.
• લસિકા તંત્ર: પ્લેગ. જેવા રોગ.
ANNEXURE - 16
MASTER SHEET
DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLE
No. of Monthly How you dispose Are you aware about
Sam Age in Reli Education Type of Type of Do you have any space available If yes, specify the
family family household waste at household waste
ple no. years gion qualification house family for kitchen gardening? source of information?
member income home? management?
1 4 2 2 3 1 4 3 1 2 2 0
2 3 2 3 3 2 4 4 3 1 2 0
3 4 1 2 2 1 4 2 1 2 2 0
4 3 2 1 2 1 3 3 1 2 2 0
5 2 1 3 1 3 4 2 1 2 2 0
6 2 3 1 3 1 3 4 3 1 2 0
7 1 2 1 3 1 3 3 1 1 2 0
8 2 3 3 3 1 3 4 3 1 2 0
9 1 2 2 3 1 3 4 1 1 1 5
10 4 1 3 2 2 5 4 3 2 2 0
11 4 2 2 3 1 1 3 2 2 2 0
12 4 1 2 1 3 4 4 3 2 2 0
13 1 2 1 2 1 4 2 1 2 2 0
14 3 2 2 3 3 4 3 3 2 2 0
15 2 1 1 2 1 4 3 3 2 1 4
16 4 2 3 3 1 2 4 1 2 2 0
17 4 1 1 2 1 4 2 1 2 2 0
18 2 1 2 2 2 4 4 1 2 2 0
19 4 2 2 3 3 4 3 3 2 1 3
20 1 2 3 3 2 4 4 3 1 2 0
21 2 2 3 3 1 4 3 1 2 2 0
22 3 2 3 3 2 3 3 1 1 2 0
23 4 1 1 2 1 4 2 1 2 2 0
24 3 2 3 2 1 3 3 2 2 2 0
25 4 1 1 3 3 4 2 1 2 2 0
26 1 2 5 3 1 3 4 3 1 2 0
27 3 2 1 3 1 3 4 1 1 2 0
28 4 1 1 3 1 3 4 3 1 2 0
29 1 3 4 3 1 3 1 1 2 2 0
30 4 1 3 1 1 4 2 3 2 2 0
31 2 2 4 3 2 5 3 3 1 2 0
32 4 1 2 1 3 5 3 3 2 2 0
33 1 3 1 1 1 5 2 1 2 2 0
34 3 2 1 3 1 3 4 3 2 2 0
35 2 1 2 3 1 3 3 1 2 2 0
36 4 2 3 3 1 2 4 3 2 2 0
37 2 1 1 2 1 4 2 3 2 2 0
38 4 2 1 1 2 4 4 3 2 2 0
39 4 1 2 1 1 2 3 3 2 2 0
40 1 2 1 3 2 3 4 3 2 2 0
41 4 1 2 3 1 2 2 1 2 2 0
42 3 2 2 1 2 4 3 3 1 1 3
43 4 1 1 2 1 5 2 3 2 2 0
44 3 2 2 2 3 4 1 3 2 2 0
45 3 1 3 1 1 2 2 1 2 2 0
46 1 3 4 3 1 3 4 3 2 2 0
47 1 2 1 3 1 3 3 1 1 2 0
48 4 3 1 2 1 3 4 3 1 2 0
49 3 2 1 3 1 3 4 2 1 2 0
50 4 2 1 2 2 4 2 3 2 2 0
51 2 2 2 3 1 1 1 2 1 2 0
52 3 2 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 2 0
53 3 2 1 3 2 4 4 3 2 2 0
54 4 2 1 2 1 5 3 3 2 2 0
55 3 2 1 2 1 3 1 1 2 2 0
56 2 1 2 1 3 2 2 1 2 2 0
57 2 3 1 3 1 3 1 3 2 2 0
58 4 2 1 1 1 3 4 1 2 2 0
59 2 3 2 3 1 3 4 1 2 2 0
60 4 2 1 3 2 3 4 1 1 2 0
61 3 1 1 3 1 1 2 3 2 2 0
62 2 2 2 3 1 1 3 2 1 1 0
63 4 2 2 3 1 4 3 1 2 2 0
64 3 2 3 3 2 5 4 3 1 2 0
65 4 1 1 2 1 4 2 3 2 2 0
66 3 2 1 1 1 3 3 1 2 2 0
67 4 1 1 1 3 2 1 3 2 2 0
68 2 3 1 3 1 3 4 3 1 2 0
69 4 2 1 2 1 5 3 3 1 2 0
70 2 2 1 3 1 5 4 1 2 2 0
71 2 2 2 2 2 3 4 3 1 2 0
72 4 1 1 2 2 4 3 3 2 2 0
73 4 2 2 3 1 1 3 2 1 2 0
74 2 2 2 1 1 4 3 1 2 2 0
75 3 2 1 3 2 4 4 3 1 2 0
76 4 3 1 2 1 4 2 3 2 2 0
77 3 2 1 2 1 3 3 3 2 2 0
78 2 1 2 1 2 2 2 1 2 2 0
79 2 2 1 3 1 3 4 3 1 2 0
80 4 2 1 3 1 3 3 1 1 2 0
81 1 1 1 2 1 3 1 3 2 2 0
82 2 2 2 3 2 3 4 3 2 1 2
83 4 1 3 2 1 4 2 3 2 2 0
84 4 2 1 3 2 1 3 2 1 1 4
85 4 2 2 2 1 4 3 1 2 2 0
86 3 3 1 3 2 4 4 3 2 2 0
87 4 1 1 2 1 4 3 3 2 2 0
88 3 2 2 1 1 3 3 1 2 2 0
89 4 1 2 1 2 2 2 1 2 2 0
90 4 2 1 1 1 3 2 3 1 2 0
91 1 2 1 3 2 3 3 1 2 2 0
92 2 1 1 2 2 3 4 1 1 2 0
93 4 2 2 3 1 3 4 1 1 2 0
94 2 1 1 2 1 4 2 3 2 2 0
95 4 2 1 3 2 1 3 2 2 2 0
96 4 3 2 2 1 4 3 1 2 2 0
97 3 2 1 3 2 5 4 3 1 2 0
98 4 1 1 2 1 5 2 3 2 2 0
99 3 2 1 3 1 3 3 2 2 2 0
100 2 1 1 3 1 2 2 1 2 2 0
101 2 2 1 3 1 3 4 3 1 2 0
102 1 2 1 2 1 3 3 3 1 2 0
103 2 2 2 3 1 3 4 1 2 2 0
104 3 2 1 3 1 3 4 1 1 2 0
105 4 1 2 2 1 4 2 1 2 2 0
106 4 2 2 3 1 1 3 3 2 2 0
107 4 2 2 3 1 4 3 1 2 2 0
108 3 2 1 3 2 4 4 3 1 1 1
109 2 3 1 2 1 4 2 1 2 2 0
110 3 2 1 1 1 3 3 3 2 2 0
111 2 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 2 2 0
112 2 2 2 3 1 3 4 3 1 2 0
113 4 2 1 3 1 3 3 1 2 1 3
114 2 1 2 2 2 3 4 3 1 2 0
115 4 2 3 3 1 3 4 3 1 2 0
116 3 3 3 1 1 4 2 3 2 2 0
117 4 2 2 3 1 1 3 3 1 2 0
118 4 2 1 3 1 4 3 3 2 2 0
119 3 2 2 1 2 4 4 3 1 2 0
120 4 1 1 2 1 4 2 1 2 2 0
121 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 3 2 2 0
122 2 1 1 1 3 2 2 1 2 2 0
123 2 2 3 3 1 3 4 3 1 2 0
124 1 2 1 3 1 3 3 1 1 2 0
125 2 3 1 2 1 3 4 1 1 2 0
126 1 2 1 3 1 3 4 3 1 1 3
127 4 1 1 2 1 5 2 2 2 2 0
128 4 2 1 3 1 2 3 3 2 2 0
129 4 2 1 1 1 4 3 1 2 2 0
130 3 2 3 3 2 4 4 3 1 1 1
131 4 1 1 2 1 4 2 1 2 2 0
132 3 2 1 3 1 3 3 3 2 2 0
133 2 1 3 1 2 2 2 1 2 2 0
134 2 2 1 3 1 3 4 3 1 2 0
135 3 2 1 1 1 3 3 1 2 2 0
136 2 3 3 3 1 3 4 3 1 2 0
137 1 2 1 3 2 3 4 3 1 2 0
138 4 1 1 2 1 4 2 2 2 2 0
139 3 2 1 3 1 1 3 2 1 2 0
140 4 2 2 2 1 4 1 3 2 2 0
141 3 2 1 3 2 4 4 1 2 2 0
142 4 1 1 2 1 4 2 3 2 2 0
143 3 2 1 2 1 3 3 3 2 2 0
144 2 2 2 1 3 2 2 3 2 2 0
145 4 3 3 1 1 3 3 3 2 2 0
146 1 2 1 3 1 3 3 1 1 2 0
147 2 2 2 3 1 3 4 3 1 2 0
148 1 2 4 2 1 3 4 3 1 2 0
149 1 1 1 2 1 4 3 3 2 2 0
150 3 2 1 3 1 1 4 2 2 2 0
151 4 1 2 3 1 4 3 1 2 2 0
152 3 2 2 1 2 4 4 3 1 1 5
153 4 1 1 2 1 4 2 3 2 2 0
154 3 2 1 2 1 3 1 3 2 2 0
155 1 2 2 1 3 2 3 3 2 2 0
156 4 2 4 3 1 3 4 3 1 1 4
157 1 2 1 3 1 3 2 3 1 2 0
158 2 1 1 2 1 3 1 3 1 2 0
159 4 2 1 3 1 3 4 3 2 2 0
160 3 1 1 2 1 4 2 3 2 2 0
161 4 2 1 3 1 1 3 3 1 2 0
162 4 2 1 1 1 4 3 1 2 2 0
163 3 2 2 3 2 4 1 3 2 2 0
164 4 1 1 2 2 4 2 3 2 2 0
165 3 2 1 3 1 3 3 1 2 2 0
166 2 1 3 1 3 2 2 1 2 2 0
167 4 2 2 3 1 5 2 1 2 2 0
168 1 2 1 1 1 3 3 3 1 2 0
169 2 2 3 2 1 3 4 3 1 2 0
170 2 2 4 3 1 3 4 3 2 2 0
171 4 1 2 2 1 4 3 1 2 2 0
172 1 2 1 1 1 1 2 3 1 1 5
173 3 3 2 3 1 4 3 3 2 2 0
174 4 2 4 3 2 4 1 3 1 1 1
175 4 1 2 2 1 4 3 1 2 2 0
176 3 2 1 3 1 3 1 3 2 2 0
177 4 1 3 1 2 2 1 1 2 2 0
178 4 2 2 3 1 3 4 3 1 2 0
179 1 2 1 2 1 3 3 1 2 2 0
180 3 2 1 3 1 3 4 3 1 2 0
181 1 2 1 3 2 3 1 3 1 2 0
182 4 1 3 2 1 4 2 3 2 2 0
183 2 2 2 3 1 1 3 2 2 2 0
184 4 2 1 3 1 4 3 1 2 2 0
185 3 2 2 3 2 4 1 3 1 2 0
186 4 1 1 2 1 4 2 3 2 2 0
187 3 2 1 2 1 3 2 1 2 2 0
188 4 1 2 1 3 2 2 1 2 2 0
189 2 2 1 3 1 3 3 3 1 2 0
190 1 2 1 1 1 3 3 3 1 2 0
191 3 3 1 3 1 3 4 3 2 2 0
192 1 2 2 3 1 3 4 3 1 2 0
193 1 1 2 2 1 4 3 3 2 2 0
194 2 2 1 3 1 1 3 2 2 2 0
195 3 2 2 3 1 4 3 1 2 2 0
196 3 2 1 3 3 5 1 3 1 1 4
197 4 1 1 2 1 4 2 1 2 2 0
198 2 2 1 2 1 3 4 3 2 2 0
199 4 1 2 1 1 2 3 1 2 2 0
200 2 2 1 3 1 3 4 3 1 1 4
201 3 2 1 2 1 3 3 1 1 2 0
202 2 2 1 3 2 3 2 3 1 2 0
203 1 2 5 1 1 3 1 3 2 2 0
204 2 1 1 2 1 4 4 3 2 2 0
205 4 1 2 3 2 1 1 2 1 2 0
206 3 2 2 2 1 4 3 1 2 2 0
207 4 1 2 3 2 4 4 3 1 2 0
208 4 1 1 2 1 4 2 3 2 2 0
209 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 1 2 2 0
210 2 1 1 1 3 2 2 1 2 2 0
211 3 1 1 1 1 3 4 3 2 2 0
212 4 2 1 3 1 3 3 3 1 2 0
213 2 1 1 3 1 3 1 1 1 1 4
214 1 2 2 2 1 3 4 1 1 2 0
215 4 1 1 3 1 4 1 2 2 2 0
216 1 2 2 3 1 1 3 3 2 2 0
217 4 2 1 3 1 4 3 1 2 2 0
218 3 2 2 2 2 5 3 3 1 2 0
219 4 1 1 2 1 4 2 1 2 2 0
220 3 2 1 2 1 3 1 3 2 2 0
221 2 1 1 1 3 2 2 3 2 2 0
222 4 2 2 3 1 3 4 3 1 2 0
223 4 2 1 2 1 3 2 1 2 2 0
224 2 2 2 3 2 3 4 3 2 2 0
225 1 2 1 3 1 3 4 3 1 2 0
226 3 1 1 2 1 4 2 3 2 2 0
227 4 2 1 3 1 1 3 2 1 2 0
228 1 2 2 1 1 4 1 3 2 2 0
229 3 2 1 3 2 4 4 2 2 2 0
230 4 1 1 2 1 4 2 1 2 2 0
231 2 2 1 1 1 3 3 3 2 2 0
232 2 1 2 1 1 2 2 3 2 2 0
233 2 1 1 3 1 3 4 3 1 2 0
234 1 2 1 2 1 3 4 1 1 2 0
235 2 2 2 3 1 3 4 3 1 2 0
236 3 2 1 3 1 3 4 3 1 2 0
237 4 1 3 2 1 4 1 3 2 1 2
238 3 2 1 3 1 1 3 1 1 2 0
239 4 2 2 1 1 4 2 1 2 2 0
240 3 2 2 3 2 5 4 3 1 2 0
241 4 1 1 2 1 4 3 1 2 2 0
242 3 2 1 2 1 3 1 3 2 2 0
243 2 1 1 1 3 2 2 1 2 2 0
244 2 2 1 3 1 3 4 3 1 2 0
245 4 2 1 2 1 3 3 1 1 2 0
246 2 1 1 3 1 3 4 3 1 1 3
247 3 2 2 3 3 3 4 3 2 1 3
248 4 1 1 2 1 4 1 3 2 2 0
249 1 2 1 3 1 1 3 2 1 2 0
250 4 2 2 2 1 4 3 3 2 2 0
251 4 2 4 3 2 4 4 3 1 1 1
252 4 1 1 1 1 4 2 1 2 2 0
253 3 2 1 2 1 3 3 1 2 2 0
254 2 1 1 1 1 2 4 3 2 2 0
255 3 2 1 3 1 3 4 3 1 2 0
256 1 2 1 3 1 3 3 1 1 2 0
257 2 1 3 1 1 3 1 3 1 2 0
258 1 2 2 3 1 3 4 3 1 2 0
259 3 1 2 2 1 4 2 3 2 2 0
260 4 2 4 3 1 3 1 3 1 2 0
261 2 2 2 3 1 4 3 1 2 2 0
262 3 2 2 3 2 4 3 3 1 2 0
263 2 1 1 2 1 4 2 3 2 2 0
264 3 2 1 2 1 3 3 1 2 2 0
265 1 1 3 1 1 2 4 3 2 1 5
266 2 2 4 3 1 3 4 3 1 2 0
267 1 2 1 1 1 2 3 3 2 2 0
268 2 1 3 3 2 3 3 3 2 2 0
269 1 2 4 3 1 3 4 2 1 2 0
270 1 1 1 2 1 4 4 3 2 2 0
271 4 2 2 3 1 1 3 3 2 1 5
272 2 2 2 3 1 4 3 1 2 2 0
273 3 2 3 3 2 4 3 3 1 2 0
274 4 1 2 2 1 4 2 3 2 2 0
275 3 2 1 2 1 3 3 3 2 2 0
276 1 1 1 2 3 2 2 3 2 2 0
277 2 1 1 3 1 3 3 1 2 2 0
278 4 2 1 2 1 3 3 3 2 2 0
279 2 2 2 3 1 3 4 3 1 2 0
280 4 2 1 2 1 3 4 3 1 2 0
281 4 1 1 2 1 4 3 1 2 2 0
282 4 2 1 3 1 1 3 3 2 1 1
283 4 1 2 2 1 4 3 1 2 2 0
284 3 2 3 3 2 4 2 3 1 2 0
285 4 1 1 2 1 4 2 3 2 2 0
286 3 2 1 2 1 3 3 3 2 2 0
287 2 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 2 2 0
288 2 1 3 1 1 3 1 3 1 2 0
289 4 2 1 3 1 3 4 1 1 2 0
290 2 3 1 3 1 3 4 3 2 2 0
291 4 2 2 3 2 3 3 2 1 2 0
292 4 1 1 2 1 4 2 3 2 2 0
293 4 2 2 3 1 1 3 2 1 2 0
294 4 2 1 3 1 4 4 1 2 2 0
295 3 2 1 3 2 4 4 3 2 1 5
296 4 1 1 2 1 4 2 3 2 2 0
297 3 2 1 2 1 3 3 3 2 2 0
298 2 1 2 1 2 2 2 1 2 1 5
299 4 1 4 1 1 3 1 2 1 2 0
300 1 1 1 1 1 3 3 1 1 2 0
301 2 2 1 1 1 3 4 3 2 2 0
302 1 2 1 1 1 3 4 2 1 2 0
303 4 1 3 2 1 4 2 3 2 2 0
304 3 2 1 3 1 1 3 3 2 1 1
305 4 2 2 2 1 4 3 1 2 2 0
306 3 2 1 3 2 4 3 3 1 2 0
307 4 1 1 2 1 4 2 3 2 2 0
308 3 2 1 2 3 3 3 3 2 2 0
309 2 1 1 2 1 2 2 3 2 2 0
310 2 2 3 2 1 3 4 3 2 2 0
311 1 2 1 2 1 3 3 1 1 1 4
312 2 2 3 2 1 3 4 3 2 2 0
313 3 2 1 2 1 3 3 3 1 2 0
314 4 1 1 2 1 4 1 3 2 2 0
315 3 1 2 3 1 1 3 2 1 2 0
316 4 1 2 2 1 4 2 1 2 2 0
317 3 2 1 3 2 4 4 3 1 2 0
318 4 1 1 2 1 4 3 1 2 2 0
319 3 2 1 2 1 3 4 3 2 2 0
320 2 1 2 1 1 2 2 3 2 2 0
321 2 1 1 3 1 3 4 3 1 2 0
322 1 2 1 3 1 3 1 1 1 2 0
323 2 3 1 3 1 3 4 3 2 2 0
324 1 2 1 3 1 3 4 3 1 2 0
325 4 1 1 2 2 4 4 1 2 2 0
326 2 1 2 3 1 1 3 2 2 2 0
327 4 2 2 2 1 4 4 1 2 2 0
328 3 1 2 3 2 4 3 3 1 2 0
329 4 1 1 2 1 4 2 3 2 2 0
330 3 2 1 2 1 3 3 3 2 2 0
331 1 1 3 1 3 2 3 3 2 2 0
332 2 2 3 3 1 3 4 3 2 1 4
333 1 2 1 3 1 3 3 3 2 2 0
334 3 3 1 3 1 3 4 3 1 2 0
335 1 2 1 3 1 3 1 3 1 1 3
336 1 1 1 3 1 4 2 3 2 2 0
337 4 1 2 3 1 1 3 3 1 2 0
338 4 2 1 3 1 4 3 1 2 2 0
339 3 1 2 3 2 4 2 3 2 2 0
340 4 1 1 2 1 4 2 2 2 1 5
341 3 2 1 2 1 3 3 1 2 2 0
342 2 1 1 1 3 2 2 3 2 2 0
343 2 1 1 3 1 3 2 3 1 2 0
344 4 2 1 3 1 3 3 1 2 2 0
345 2 2 2 1 1 3 4 3 1 1 4
346 4 2 1 3 1 3 2 3 1 2 0
347 4 1 1 2 1 4 2 3 2 2 0
348 4 1 2 3 1 2 3 2 2 2 0
349 3 2 2 3 1 4 3 3 2 2 0
350 3 2 1 3 1 4 3 3 1 2 0
351 4 1 1 2 1 4 2 1 2 2 0
352 3 2 1 2 1 3 1 1 2 2 0
353 2 1 5 1 1 2 2 3 2 2 0
354 2 2 1 3 1 3 3 3 1 1 3
355 1 2 1 3 2 3 3 1 1 2 0
356 2 3 2 3 1 3 2 3 1 2 0
357 3 2 1 3 1 3 1 3 2 1 5
358 4 1 3 2 1 4 3 3 2 2 0
359 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 2 1 1 1
360 4 1 1 2 1 4 3 3 2 2 0
361 3 2 1 3 2 4 3 3 2 1 2
362 4 1 1 2 1 5 2 1 2 2 0
363 3 2 1 2 1 3 3 3 2 2 0
364 3 1 1 1 2 2 2 1 2 2 0
365 2 2 3 3 1 3 2 3 2 2 0
366 1 2 1 2 3 3 3 1 2 2 0
367 3 2 5 3 1 1 3 3 1 1 3
368 1 2 1 3 2 3 4 3 2 2 0
369 2 1 1 1 1 4 4 3 2 2 0
370 4 2 2 3 1 2 2 3 2 1 1
KNOWLEDGE PRE-TEST SCORE
SAMPLE NO. Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Q6 Q7 Q8 Q9 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0
2 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0
3 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0
4 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0
5 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0
6 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0
7 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1
8 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
9 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0
10 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0
11 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0
12 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0
13 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1
14 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0
15 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1
16 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0
17 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0
18 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0
19 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0
20 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0
21 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1
22 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
23 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
24 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0
25 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0
26 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1
27 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0
28 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
29 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0
30 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
31 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1
32 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
33 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1
34 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
35 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1
36 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1
37 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0
38 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1
39 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
40 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0
41 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
42 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0
43 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1
44 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
45 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0
46 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0
47 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1
48 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1
49 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0
50 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0
51 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0
52 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0
53 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0
54 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1
55 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
56 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1
57 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0
58 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0
59 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0
60 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
61 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
62 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1
63 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0
64 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0
65 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1
66 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0
67 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0
68 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0
69 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0
70 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1
71 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0
72 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1
73 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
74 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1
75 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1
76 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
77 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
78 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1
79 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
80 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
81 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1
82 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1
83 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
84 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0
85 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1
86 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
87 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
88 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1
89 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0
90 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
91 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1
92 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0
93 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1
94 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0
95 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1
96 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0
97 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0
98 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0
99 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1
100 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1
101 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1
102 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0
103 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0
104 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
105 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
106 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0
107 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1
108 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0
109 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0
110 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0
111 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1
112 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0
113 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
114 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1
115 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0
116 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0
117 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
118 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1
119 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1
120 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0
121 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
122 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0
123 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1
124 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1
125 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
126 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
127 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1
128 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1
129 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0
130 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1
131 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0
132 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1
133 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0
134 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1
135 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1
136 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
137 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0
138 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
139 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
140 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1
141 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
142 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0
143 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1
144 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1
145 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1
146 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0
147 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0
148 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1
149 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0
150 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
151 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0
152 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1
153 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1
154 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
155 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0
156 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1
157 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1
158 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
159 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0
160 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1
161 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0
162 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
163 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0
164 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
165 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
166 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1
167 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1
168 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1
169 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1
170 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1
171 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0
172 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0
173 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1
174 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1
175 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0
176 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0
177 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
178 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
179 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1
180 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1
181 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0
182 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
183 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
184 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0
185 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0
186 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1
187 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0
188 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0
189 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0
190 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
191 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
192 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1
193 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
194 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0
195 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
196 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0
197 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0
198 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0
199 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1
200 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1
201 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0
202 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0
203 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0
204 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0
205 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1
206 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
207 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1
208 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1
209 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0
210 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
211 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0
212 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1
213 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
214 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1
215 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0
216 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0
217 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0
218 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1
219 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0
220 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1
221 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1
222 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0
223 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0
224 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0
225 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1
226 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0
227 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0
228 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
229 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0
230 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
231 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1
232 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0
233 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0
234 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1
235 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0
236 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0
237 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
238 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1
239 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0
240 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1
241 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1
242 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
243 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
244 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
245 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
246 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0
247 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1
248 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1
249 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0
250 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0
251 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0
252 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1
253 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0
254 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0
255 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
256 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
257 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0
258 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
259 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0
260 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
261 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0
262 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1
263 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
264 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
265 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0
266 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0
267 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0
268 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
269 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
270 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1
271 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0
272 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0
273 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1
274 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
275 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1
276 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0
277 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1
278 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0
279 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
280 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0
281 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0
282 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1
283 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1
284 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0
285 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0
286 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
287 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0
288 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0
289 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1
290 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
291 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0
292 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 0
293 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0
294 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
295 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1
296 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
297 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0
298 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0
299 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
300 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0
301 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0
302 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0
303 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1
304 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0
305 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
306 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0
307 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0
308 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0
309 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1
310 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
311 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0
312 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0
313 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0
314 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
315 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1
316 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1
317 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0
318 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0
319 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0
320 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
321 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1
322 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0
323 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
324 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0
325 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1
326 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0
327 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0
328 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1
329 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1
330 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0
331 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1
332 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0
333 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0
334 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
335 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1
336 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
337 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0
338 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1
339 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0
340 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0
341 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0
342 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0
343 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1
344 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0
345 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0
346 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
347 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
348 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0
349 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0
350 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0
351 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1
352 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0
353 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
354 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
355 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1
356 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0
357 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0
358 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
359 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0
360 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
361 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1
362 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0
363 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0
364 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1
365 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0
366 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
367 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
368 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1
369 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1
370 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0
KNOWLEDGE POST-TEST SCORE
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1
2 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0
3 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1
4 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0
5 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1
6 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0
7 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1
8 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1
9 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0
10 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1
11 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1
12 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1
13 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1
14 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0
15 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1
16 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0
17 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0
18 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0
19 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
20 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1
21 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1
22 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1
23 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1
24 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1
25 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0
26 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1
27 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
28 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1
29 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0
30 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1
31 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
32 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
33 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1
34 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1
35 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1
36 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
37 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1
38 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1
39 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1
40 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
41 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
42 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1
43 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1
44 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
45 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
46 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1
47 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1
48 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1
49 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1
50 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1
51 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1
52 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1
53 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0
54 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1
55 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1
56 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1
57 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
58 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 0
59 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0
60 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
61 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1
62 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
63 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0
64 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1
65 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1
66 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1
67 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0
68 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0
69 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1
70 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
71 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0
72 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1
73 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0
74 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1
75 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1
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320 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
321 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1
322 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1
323 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0
324 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1
325 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1
326 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0
327 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0
328 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1
329 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1
330 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0
331 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
332 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0
333 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1
334 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0
335 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1
336 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0
337 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1
338 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1
339 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1
340 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0
341 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1
342 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1
343 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1
344 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1
345 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
346 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
347 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1
348 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0
349 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1
350 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1
351 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
352 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0
353 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0
354 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1
355 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1
356 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0
357 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1
358 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1
359 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0
360 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1
361 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1
362 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0
363 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
364 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1
365 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1
366 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
367 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0
368 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1
369 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1
370 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1
PRE-TEST EXPRESSED PRACTICE SCORE
SAMPLE NO. Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Q6 Q7 Q8 Q9 Q10
1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0
2 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0
3 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0
4 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0
5 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
6 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0
7 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1
8 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0
9 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0
10 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
11 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1
12 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0
13 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1
14 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1
15 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0
16 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
17 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1
18 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0
19 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
20 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0
21 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1
22 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0
23 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
24 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1
25 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0
26 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1
27 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1
28 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0
29 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
30 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
31 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1
32 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0
33 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1
34 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1
35 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0
36 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0
37 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1
38 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1
39 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
40 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1
41 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
42 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0
43 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1
44 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0
45 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0
46 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1
47 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0
48 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0
49 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0
50 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0
51 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1
52 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
53 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1
54 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0
55 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
56 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0
57 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0
58 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1
59 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0
60 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0
61 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
62 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0
63 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0
64 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
65 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0
66 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
67 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0
68 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0
69 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1
70 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0
71 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0
72 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0
73 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0
74 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1
75 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1
76 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1
77 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0
78 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0
79 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0
80 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
81 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1
82 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1
83 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0
84 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1
85 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1
86 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1
87 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0
88 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1
89 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0
90 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0
91 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0
92 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0
93 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
94 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0
95 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0
96 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0
97 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0
98 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0
99 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1
100 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0
101 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
102 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
103 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0
104 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0
105 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0
106 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
107 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0
108 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1
109 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0
110 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0
111 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0
112 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0
113 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
114 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0
115 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0
116 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1
117 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
118 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0
119 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
120 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0
121 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0
122 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0
123 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
124 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
125 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0
126 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1
127 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0
128 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0
129 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0
130 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0
131 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0
132 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1
133 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
134 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0
135 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0
136 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0
137 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0
138 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
139 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
140 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0
141 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0
142 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0
143 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0
144 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0
145 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0
146 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0
147 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0
148 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1
149 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1
150 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0
151 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0
152 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0
153 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
154 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
155 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
156 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
157 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1
158 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
159 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1
160 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0
161 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0
162 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1
163 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0
164 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
165 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
166 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0
167 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1
168 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0
169 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0
170 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0
171 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
172 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1
173 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0
174 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1
175 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0
176 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0
177 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1
178 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0
179 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0
180 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1
181 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0
182 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1
183 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0
184 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0
185 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0
186 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1
187 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0
188 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0
189 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1
190 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
191 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0
192 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0
193 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1
194 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
195 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0
196 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0
197 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
198 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1
199 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0
200 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0
201 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0
202 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0
203 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
204 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1
205 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0
206 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
207 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1
208 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1
209 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0
210 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1
211 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0
212 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0
213 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0
214 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
215 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1
216 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1
217 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0
218 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1
219 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
220 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1
221 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0
222 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1
223 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
224 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
225 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0
226 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0
227 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0
228 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1
229 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0
230 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0
231 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
232 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0
233 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1
234 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 1
235 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0
236 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0
237 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0
238 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1
239 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0
240 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0
241 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 0
242 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
243 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
244 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
245 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0
246 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0
247 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
248 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0
249 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0
250 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0
251 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1
252 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0
253 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0
254 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0
255 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
256 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0
257 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
258 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
259 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0
260 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
261 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0
262 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0
263 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1
264 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0
265 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0
266 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0
267 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
268 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
269 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0
270 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1
271 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1
272 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1
273 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0
274 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
275 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
276 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0
277 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1
278 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1
279 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0
280 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0
281 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1
282 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1
283 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0
284 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1
285 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
286 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
287 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0
288 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
289 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0
290 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0
291 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
292 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1
293 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0
294 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1
295 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
296 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
297 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
298 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
299 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0
300 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0
301 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
302 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0
303 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
304 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0
305 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0
306 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0
307 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0
308 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
309 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1
310 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1
311 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0
312 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
313 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0
314 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1
315 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1
316 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1
317 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1
318 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0
319 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
320 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1
321 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1
322 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
323 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
324 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0
325 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1
326 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1
327 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0
328 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0
329 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1
330 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1
331 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1
332 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0
333 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1
334 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0
335 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0
336 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1
337 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1
338 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0
339 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1
340 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0
341 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
342 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0
343 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
344 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0
345 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1
346 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1
347 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0
348 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0
349 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0
350 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0
351 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1
352 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0
353 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0
354 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0
355 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0
356 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1
357 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1
358 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
359 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1
360 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
361 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
362 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1
363 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1
364 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1
365 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1
366 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1
367 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0
368 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0
369 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1
370 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1
POST-TEST EXPRESSED PRACTICE SCORE

1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1
2 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0
3 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1
4 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0
5 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1
6 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1
7 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0
8 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0
9 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0
10 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1
11 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1
12 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1
13 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1
14 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1
15 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1
16 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1
17 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0
18 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0
19 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
20 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
21 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1
22 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1
23 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
24 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
25 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1
26 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0
27 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1
28 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
29 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0
30 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0
31 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1
32 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0
33 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1
34 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1
35 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
36 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1
37 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1
38 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0
39 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0
40 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1
41 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0
42 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1
43 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0
44 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0
45 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1
46 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1
47 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0
48 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1
49 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0
50 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1
51 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1
52 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1
53 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0
54 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1
55 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0
56 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
57 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0
58 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1
59 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0
60 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1
61 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0
62 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0
63 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
64 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0
65 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1
66 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1
67 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0
68 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0
69 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1
70 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0
71 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1
72 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1
73 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0
74 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1
75 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0
76 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1
77 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0
78 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1
79 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1
80 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
81 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0
82 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1
83 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 0
84 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1
85 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1
86 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1
87 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1
88 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0
89 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1
90 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0
91 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1
92 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0
93 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
94 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0
95 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1
96 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0
97 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1
98 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0
99 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1
100 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1
101 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0
102 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1
103 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1
104 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1
105 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1
106 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1
107 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0
108 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1
109 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
110 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1
111 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1
112 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0
113 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0
114 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1
115 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0
116 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1
117 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0
118 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0
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“EFFECTIVENESS OF PLANNED TEACHING PROGRAMME ON

KNOWLEDGE AND EXPRESSED PRACTICE REGARDING HOUSEHOLD

WASTE DISPOSAL MANAGEMENT AMONG HOUSEWIVES”

RESEARCH DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO

AN INSTITUTION DEEMED TO BE UNIVERSITY, VADODARA

(ACCREDITED BY, NAAC GRADE “A++” WITH 3.61 CGPA)

IN PARTIAL FULFIILMENT OF THE DEGREE OF

MASTER OF SCIENCE IN NURSING

(COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING)

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF

SUMANDEEP NURSING COLLEGE

Date: Signature of the Candidate

Date: Signature of the guide:

Date: Signature of the guide:

Date: Signature of the guide:

Date: Signature & Seal of the Principal

I hereby declare that the Sumandeep Vidyapeeth, An Institution Deemed to be

Date: Signature of the Candidate

Materials And Method: Quantitative research approach with pre-experimental one

Keyword: Assess, Effectiveness, Knowledge, Expressed practice, Planned teaching

Perceived susceptibility of disease and Action

Promotion of health if perceived benefit is

Perceived benefit Perceived barrier

Figure: 1 Conceptual Framework Based on Rosenstock Health Belief Model – 1974

Henry O Addo, Elvis J Dun-Dery et.al (2017) conducted a descriptive cross-sectional

Population Housewives of the selected

Section A: Demographic profile

Figure 3: Schematic representation of Research Methodology

Figure: 4 Percentage distribution of subjects according to the Age in years

Figure:5 Percentage & distribution of subjects according to Religion

Figure:6 Percentage & distribution of subjects according to Education Qualification

Figure:7 Percentage and distribution of subjects according to Type of House

Figure:8 Percentage & distribution of subjects according to Type of Family

Figure:9 Percentage and distribution of subjects according to No. of Family

Disposal of Household Waste at Home

Fig:11 Percentage and distribution of subjects according to disposal of waste at

Fig:12 Percentage distribution of subjects according to availability of space of

Figure:13 Percentage distribution of subjects according to awareness about

Figure:14 percentage distribution of subjects according to Specification of source of

Fig:15 Percentage of pre-test and post-test level of knowledge score of HHWDM

Fig:16 Percentage of pre-test and post-test expressed practice score of HHWDM

1 Pre-test 1.76 0.57

1 Pre-test 1.78 0.57

Sr no. Variables Correlation coefficient (r)

S*- Significance, Level of significance at 0.05 level

(a) Are you aware about household waste disposal management?

revealed that 129 (43%) were completed their College/Institute (9).

LETTER SEEKING PERMISSION TO CONDUCT PILOT STUDY

પિપરીયા, તા. વાઘોડિયા, જિ.વડોદરા-3917176060

સંશોધન કાર્યક્રમોમાં ભાગ લેવા માટે (આઇસીએફ) ની જાણકાર સંમતિ,

મનષ્ુ ય પરના અભ્યાસનો સમાવેશ કરે છે .

ુ રાતની પસંદ કરે લી ગ્રામીણ સમદ

અસરકારકતાન ંુ આકલન કરવાનો અભ્યાસ."

અભ્યાસ નંબર: એસવીયુ / એસએનસી / ૨૦૨૦-૨૦૨૨…….

સહભાગીનુ ં નામ …………………………… ..

જન્મ તારીખ / ઉંમર… / …… ... / ………. (……… વર્ષ)

સહભાગી ઈન્ફર્મેશન શીટ

જ્ઞાન અને અભિવ્યક્તિ પ્રેક્ટિસ પર આયોજિત શિક્ષણ કાર્યક્રમની અસરકારકતા નુ ં મ ૂલ્યાંકન

કરવા માટેનો અભ્યાસ."

ના જ્ઞાન અને અભિવ્યક્તિ પ્રણાલી નુ ં પર આયોજિત શિક્ષણ કાર્યક્રમની અસરકારકતા નુ ં

આમંત્રણ છે . આ અભ્યાસમાં ભાગ લેવાની પસંદગી તમારી છે . આ અભ્યાસમાં ભાગ લેતા

3. અભ્યાસનો હેત ુ શ ંુ છે ?

અને અભિવ્યક્ત પ્રણાલીનુ ં આકારણી કરવાનો છે .

4. મને શા માટે પસંદ કરવામાં આવ્યો છે ?