Project Management Plan

See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.
net/publication/359135630
Project Management Plan - Green Carry Biodegradable Plastic Bags
Technical Report · March 2022
CITATIONS READS
0 1,493
3 authors, including:
Ashfaq Khan Muhammad Junaid Murtaza

National University of Sciences and Technology National University of Sciences and Technology
6 PUBLICATIONS 0 CITATIONS 3 PUBLICATIONS 0 CITATIONS
SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE
Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects:
An automated snick detection and classification scheme as a cricket decision review system View project
Mobile Phone Productivity Enhancement Concept View project
All content following this page was uploaded by Ashfaq Khan on 10 March 2022.
The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file.

1
GREEN CARRY
Project Management Plan
PROJECT MANAGEMNT PLAN
(FOR ACADEMIC PURPOSES ONLY)
DISCLAIMER:
All product names, logos, and brands are property of their respective owners. Use of
their name is for identification purposes only and does not imply endorsement. Similarly,
data, processes and evaluations used in the study are based on rough approximations
for educational purposes and authors do not take any responsibility for their actual use.
2
GREEN CARRY
Project Green Carry Project P01-Team Green

Name Biodegradable Bags Number
Customer Packages Pvt Ltd Prepared Manager Communications
By Muhammad Ashfaq Khan
Project ▪ Mehak Abbas Roles & Project Manager:
Team Zaidi Responsi Mehak Abbas Zaidi
bility
▪ Muhammad Junaid Manager QA:
Murtaza Muhammad Ashfaq Khan
Manager Risk Mgt:

▪ Muhammad Mehak Abbas Zaidi
Ashfaq Khan
Manager Schedule & Cost Mgt:
Muhammad Junaid Murtaza
Manager Communication Mgt:

Muhammad Ashfaq Khan
3
GREEN CARRY
Document Change History
Created by: Manager Communication Created on 26 Jan 2021

Muhammad Ashfaq Khan Date:
Change Date Changed by Reason Description Comment Approver
- - Initial document created Created by Manager
and shared with Project Communication Mgt
manager
27 Jan 2021 Project Added Project Opportunity Marked to Manager
Manager Statement and Drivers Communication Mgt
28 Jan 2021 Manager Input related to project Marked to Project
Communication communication plan added Manager
Mgt
29 Jan 2021 Project Included Project Risk Marked to Manager
Manager Assessment Schedule & Cost Mgt
01 Feb 2021 Manager Included Product Cost and Marked to Manager
Schedule & Project Time Assessment Communication Mgt
Cost Mgt
02 Fan 2021 Manager Revised responsibility Marked to Manager QA
Communication Assignment Matrix included
Mgt
05 Feb 2021 Manager QA Quality Management plan Document retained for
included further evaluation
08 Feb 2021 Manager QA Draft reviewed and found Marked to Project Project
satisfactory Manager Manager
4
GREEN CARRY
Project Management Plan Roadmap
1.0 Project Overview ...................................................................... ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.
2.0 Opportunity Drivers ................................................................. ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.
3.0 Project Methodology ............................................................................................................................. 7
4.0 Project Scope Management Plan ...................................................................................................... 10
5.0 Project Time Management Plan ......................................................................................................... 16
6.0 Project Communication Management Plan ...................................................................................... 18
6.1 Responsibility Assignment Matrix (Ram) ........................................................................................................ 24
7.0 Project Quality Management Plan ..................................................................................................... 26
8.0 Project Change Control Management Process ................................................................................ 32
9.0 Project Cost Management Plan ......................................................................................................... 34
10.0 Project Human Resource Management Plan ................................................................................. 44
11.0 Approval Procedure .......................................................................................................................... 46
12.0 Project Risk Management Plan ........................................................................................................ 47
13.0 Project Assessment .......................................................................................................................... 53
14. Formal Acceptance ............................................................................................................................. 54

5
GREEN CARRY
1.0 Project Overview

1.1 Who Are We
Biodegradable plastics are plastics that can be decomposed by the action of living
organisms, usually microbes, into water, carbon dioxide, and biomass. We, a small
team of entrepreneurs propose a solution by offering bio-degradable plastic bags in an
adorable variety, within price range of common citizens to change the societal behavior
with our primary target in Multan and secondary all-around Pakistan. We offer green
solutions along with employment and business opportunities for shops and plastic bags
retailers.
With an initial investment as little as 11.21 million rupees broken down into 50% of this
investment by Sponsor and 30% from Bank Loan 5 years plan, 20% Equity. The break-
even is achievable in less than 5 years with a very decent ROI of 0.2147.
1.2 Our Aim
The scope of this project is to transform existing demand for single use plastic bags/
packaging materials in South Punjab/Multan into bio-degradable and environment
friendly green carry bags/ packaging products, ultimately contributing towards better
environment, society, and economy (Shao & Ünal, 2019), with our following achievable:
a. Primary Objectives
(1) To Provide affordable and environmentally friendly bio-degradable
plastic bags primarily in Multan and later all-over Pakistan.
(2) To bring awareness to reduce non degradable plastic bags usage in
Pakistan.
b. Secondary Objective
(1) To create employment opportunities in Multan and its suburbs by
open a production plant for Green Carry Bags locally
1.3 Our Goal
We target to work at 35% of our capacity, we can produce 16800 bags per days it will
6
GREEN CARRY
require 5,897,398 units to produce to meet breakeven point. To produce 5,897,398 units
we need 352 days, when we reach at this point our all-capital expense recovered and
after this, we will start generating profit.
1.4 Our Market
It is estimated that the market for biodegradable plastics in Pakistan might grow at a
compound annual growth rate of 20% by 2026 (| Ministry of Finance | Government of
Pakistan |, n.d.). Initially we aim to work on early market PUSH to later market PULL
Strategy. A series of awareness Campaigns on low plastic consumption and
Environmental Hazards of access usage of Plastic would be launched in the targeted
areas of Multan and its Suburb. To satisfy our customers we had offered design
customization and free delivery of samples to our mass market.
1.5 Our Sustainability
To ensure that there are no threats to the substitute product available from competitor,
an inside R&D department will work closely with Media and Communication department
to offer continuous novelty in our product supply chain. All the payments are well
settled, and company will offer no debts. Based on our product and the market, Ansoff
Matrix Analysis was used. The following model (discussed later) was devised to
determine the potential continuous product growth in existing and potential new market
to avoid obsolesce and survive among competitors.
1.6 Our Promise to Investors
Our business philosophy is to design and develop commercial solution to a social
problem while safeguarding business interests of our investors. Bio-degradable
products are the future of industry and are in line with United Nations Organization
Sustainability Development Goals (SDGs). Pakistan like many other developing
countries is likely to pass legislations mandating use of only environmentally friendly
and bio-degradable products in future. It’s best time to join hands with Green Carry to
secure your environmental, social and economic interests (MZ, 2021).
7
GREEN CARRY
2.0 Opportunity Drivers
New Customer New Technology Joint Venture Business Need
Existing Customer Market Demand Legal Requirement Other

Request
2.1 Legal Requirement

The recent ban implemented by the Govt of Pakistan on consumption of plastic bags,
played key driver role to introduce environment friendly biodegradable bags as
alternative. The Project has the capability to pass the entire current Govt ban against
plastic bags.
2.2 Business Need
The Ban affected number of plastic bags producers in the market. Plastic bags industry
was facing business crises and for Green Carry it became another driver to increase
chances of successful launch of new durable, environment friendly product.
2.3 New Technology
The availability of environment friendly bags is extremely high in West. In Pakistan and
other Asian Countries, the trends are changing too. To compete with the worlds’ latest
technology for plastic replacements bags, the new technology must be brought in
Pakistan to participate in Global Continuous Improvement.
3.0 Project Methodology

3.1 Project Cycle
Green carry aims to plan and implement their methodology around the complete project
life cycle until it is closed. Since we are implementing a new business which is subject
to improve and control until the firm is operational, the project life cycle is not linear but
is cyclic in nature. To compete with our rivals and to become sustainable, the business
8
GREEN CARRY
needs continuous check on its R&D and marketing strategies. Green carry is looking
forward to adapting to new green technologies and products being invented worldwide.
The Project Life cycle of Biodegradables bags is represented below:
Initial Stage Growth Stage

• Project Definition and • Bulk Production Execution
Approval • Monitoring R&D
• Executing Resources • Marketing and Awareness
• Development of Campaign
Prototypes • Budget Analysis
Closing Stage
• Manage and Control
Overall Change
• Stakeholder
Satisfaction Reports
• Document All
3.2 Project Phases

The Project is distributed in 3 Phases, 6 Activities, 12 major Tasks and several sub tasks, we
have adopted the Top-down Approach which is similar to European green industries product
template. The hierarchy of their breakdown is documented under “Scope Management”, the
tasks are not split further into their sub tasks to avoid complexities.
9
GREEN CARRY
3.3 Project Tools and Techniques

The list of tools and software the company plans to utilize for the timely and effective
completion are listed below:
obs Tool Function Features

1 Pipefy Monitor Streamline flow, Public Form for stakeholders’
Progress communication, Automated Information storage
in Database
2 Celoxis Scope Drill down flow, connecting to resources, Predict
Management future task flow amendments, Revenue
Prediction
3 Scoro Communication Feedbacks, Meeting schedule, Invoice
reminders
4 Gantt Time Time allocation and tracking for work break
Charts management down structure
10
GREEN CARRY
3.4 Project Standards:
The list of environmental standards that Green Carry will adopt to secure surroundings
are listed below:
Standards
1 ISO14024
2 Green Crane
3 Green Seal
4 EC-06-19 – Environmental Choice New Zealand
5 ASTM D6868 - 19
*2-4 Ctrl + Click and follow the link to explore.
4.0 Project Scope Management Plan

The Project scope management Plan has been elaborated under the current section.
The following includes detail discussion on Initiation, Planning, Definition followed by
verification via scheduled meetings. The step-by-step plan is documented below.
4.1 Initiation
The following project charter where Green Carry proposes their scope to be a definite
achievable will log step 1 completion upon approval from stakeholders.
All the key deliverables had been pre planned in the project charter to balance triple
constraints.
a. Geographic Scope:
The geographic scope has been identified initial from Multan and later expanding to all
Pakistan. The head office and main plan will still remain in Multan but we plan to dig
deeper in rural areas of Sindh and Punjab. The target would be to Identify areas closer
to industrial zone and big manufacturing plants.
b. Product Scope:
Green carry is focused initially to produce biodegradable bags at an affordable expense
with copyrights of all the product variety. Our Product is to be used in Packaging, Textile,
11
GREEN CARRY
grocery and waste management industry.
The product scope is made wider by introducing Manufacture to your intuition, where we
welcome people to submit their drafts, thoughts and need. We bring their thoughts to
reality by creating CAD file, on approval we will proceed to CAM and prototyping. This
flexibility to design whatever a customer needs broaden our product scope and helps us
to remain unique in the market.
c. Employment Scope
At Green carry we added an arbitrary scope that will help us gain recognition within
struggling class of Pakistan. We will be helping the society by offering them
employments and helping those who have lost theirs jobs due closure of plastic bags
manufacturing industries.
d. Environmental Scope
The last is the environmental contribution of Green Carry to Healthier life choices. The
environment with which we are surrounded needs to be cleaner and greener. The
success of our environmental products lies within how much we will produce and how
much is being consumed. The biodegradable nature of our product will result in more
trees in the environment upon proper disposal. So, the more you buy the more you
contribute to the Green Environment.
4.2 Planning:
The above identified scope is enclosed as “To supply green environment friendly
biodegradable bags initially to Mutan and later to all around Pakistan via local staff
recruitment”. The success of achieving what has been enclosed lies in prefect tracking
and effective planning. The scope is to be broken down in a more systematical way to
help us identify each sub deliverable that will lead us to our Scope.
a. JIRA Ticketing
Using Jira ticketing feature for to do, blocked, in progress, transfer, close etc…. we plan
to find answer to “How do we know we are done.”
12
GREEN CARRY
Each person will be identified, and a task will be allocated to him/her. The name of the
task will correspond to the key deliverable of the assigned. The tasks could be assigned
by anyone and to anyone. As soon as the tasks is assigned to a person, he/she will put it
from “To do” to “In progress.” And upon completion it will be moved to “resolved”
Practicing this one each sub task will provide transparency and the measurement of the
time spent on any issue to achieve the key deliverable. This will help us to identify if and
for how long the issue has been blocked.
b. CELOXIS
Initially for Green Carry to survive in the market the most important factor is to become
revenue generating. The tasks are designed in a way that will end up in a financial
revenue to the organization. If any tasks remains unsuccessful it will be automatically
predicted by the software we plan to use and we can find answers to most of the
questions relating to “How do we know we have won.”
4.3 Definition:
The target deliverable is breakdown into following WBS. The tabular form of the current
WBS structure will help in getting the clearer picture.
13
GREEN CARRY
Activity Task
Project Charter
Project Definition and
Legal and administration
Approval
formalities
Phase 1: Initialization
Resource Planning and MRP-BOM, Staff, Machinery

Prototype
CAD/CAM, R&D PCSIR lab
checks
Activity Task
Production Plan
Bulk Production and R&D
Operations Management
Phase 2: Growth Stage

Awareness Campaigns
Market Penetration Media and IT
Activity Task
Change improvement plan
Overall Change Management
Satisfaction Indexes
Phase 3: Closing Stage

Through Phase Analysis
14
GREEN CARRY
Documentation Amendments
4.4 Verification:
Scheduled meetings with stakeholders to formal approval. We plan to keep our
stakeholders UpToDate and informed. Our stakeholders will be invited to share their
views and recommend alternatives before any formal approval. For each phase we have
allocated 2 activities. After each activity we plan to organize Zoom meeting and few on
site tours. Following meeting agenda has been tentatively enclosed and is subject to
change demanding on the actual needs and requests for involvement from Project
Sponsor. These Meetings will be held with a minimum of 2 months break expect when
required urgently.
Sequence Activity Meeting Agenda
1 Project Definition and Approval Signature on Legal Document by
concerned Stakeholder and
Sponsor
2 Resource Planning and Prototype Prototype demonstration and
presentation
3 Bulk Production and R&D Tour on site with Project Sponsor
and other Investment parties
4 Market Penetration Market survey analysis
5 Overall Change control Change Application Approvals
6 Documentation and Closing KPI for company future success

15
GREEN CARRY
4.5 Change Control: The scope is to be controlled and monitored w.r.t the
organizational strategy. Green carry plans to control the scope creeps and minimize
triple constraint effects. To achieve focused project completion, we will implement JIRA
tickets to do PDCA analysis before introducing and change in the current deliverables.
4.6 Key Deliverables:
Sequence Activity Key Deliverable

1 Project Definition and Approval Legal Document necessary for
administration
2 Resource Planning and Prototype Copyright Prototype
3 Bulk Production and R&D Minimum 2M Pass Production
4 Market Penetration Public Awareness for

Biodegradable bags
5 Overall Change control Change Application and
documentation
6 Documentation and Closing Establish approved KPI for
company future success
16
GREEN CARRY
5.0 Project Time Management Plan
Project Activity and Sequencing List:
Sequence Activity
1 Project Definition and Approval
2 Resource Planning and Prototype
3 Bulk Production and R&D
4 Market Penetration
5 Overall Change control
6 Documentation and Closing
Project Milestones List:
Sequence Activity Milestones (weeks) 2021

1 Project Definition and Approval Week 8
2 Resource Planning and Prototype Week 20
3 Bulk Production and R&D Week 30
4 Market Penetration Week 38
5 Overall Change control Week 46
6 Documentation and Closing Week 52
17
GREEN CARRY
Project Schedule Network Diagrams:
Resource Breakdown Structure

18
GREEN CARRY
6.0 Project Communication Management Plan

6.1 Communication Plan. Communications Management is primarily
establishing links between different processes to ensure timely and appropriate
distribution of project information. It includes providing links between key people in
the project, generating, collecting, disseminating, storing and archival of project
information. For success of the project our communication plan will focus on different
communication strategies, information dissemination tools and a combination of
technical and soft skills so that full potential of project team and in turn that of the
project is realized as per the aspirations of stakeholders.
6.2 Aim. In general, the communication plan has been designed to cater for three
main aspects which translate into aim of communication plan: -
a. Ensure accurate and timely dissemination of information to relevant
team members to ensure successful completion of project.
b. Increasing visibility of the project to the stakeholders and raising
awareness of general public towards bio-degradable products.
c. Ensuring transparency of project for business partners and potential
beneficiaries.
6.3 Target groups
Our target groups would be divided into different segments to ensure information is
communicated in a meaningful way and as per requirement of each segment. There
are different ways to affect the target segmentation. We will adopt a communication
strategy to reach out to all of these segments/ groups both at strategic and
operational level to bring about a transformational change in product consumption
and generating its demand. These segments will include: -
d. Geographic Segmentation: The target group will be divided according
to area of geographic origin i.e., cities like Multan and Bahawalpur,
rural areas of South Punjab, cities directly linked to large cities and size
of population of these clusters.
19
GREEN CARRY
e. Socio Demographic Segmentation: Population will be divided on the
basis of demographic variables like age, sex, family dimension, income
level, occupation, educational level, religion etc.
f. Psycho-Graphic Segmentation: Population of Southern Punjab (the
target area) will be divided according to their lifestyles, user status and
other characteristics that can influence use of green carry bags.
g. Segmentation based upon the use of service: One of the most
important variables is the frequency in the use of service being offered
i.e., bio-degradable bags. Shopkeepers, mega store owners and
activists would form part of this segment.
h. Internal and External Stakeholders. Effective communication and
engagement of stakeholders is a key priority for any project.
Stakeholder engagement is not about giving them a list of options to
choose from, it’s about their views, needs and ideas that shall shape
our options and services.
6.4 Communication Flow Chart.

20
GREEN CARRY
6.5 Communication Distribution/ Decision Structure
Priority/ Definition Decision Timeframe for Decision

Method Authority / Resolution
Priority 1 Major impact to project or CEO /
Phone Call, business operations. If not Snr Vice From 6 hours to
Video Conf resolved quickly there will be President Within 1 business day
a significant adverse impact
to revenue and/or schedule.
Priority 2 Medium impact to project or
Phone call, business operations which Project
Video Conf may result in some adverse Sponsor Within 1 -2 Business day
Email impact to revenue and/or
schedule.
Priority 3 Slight impact which may Project Within 2-3 business days
Office Conf cause some minor Manager
E-mail scheduling difficulties with
Phone call the project but no impact to
business operations or
revenue.
Priority 4 Insignificant impact to project Manager Work continues and any
but there may be a better Operations/ recommendations are
solution. Cost & submitted via the project
Scheduling change control process
21
GREEN CARRY
Communication Management Plan Matrix
Type Objective Medium Frequency Audience Owner Deliverable Format
Kick off Meeting Introduce the project • Face to Once • Project Project • Agenda • Soft copy archived on
team and the project. Face Sponsor Manager • Meeting project SharePoint
Review project • Project Team Minutes site and project web
objectives and • Stakeholders site
management approach.
Project Team Review status of the • Face to Weekly • Project Team Project • Agenda • Soft copy archived on
Meetings project with the team. Face Manager • Meeting project SharePoint
• Conference Minutes site and project web
Call • Project site
schedule
Technical Discuss and develop • Face to As Needed • Project Technical • Agenda • Soft copy archived on
Design technical design Face Technical Lead • Meeting project SharePoint
Meetings solutions for the project. Staff Minutes site and project web
site
Monthly Project Report on the status of • Face to Monthly • PMO Project • Slide • Soft copy archived on
Status the project to Face Manager updates project SharePoint
Meetings management. • Conference • Project site and project web
Call schedule site
Project Status Report the status of the • Email Monthly • Project Project • Project • Soft copy archived on
Reports project including • Reports Sponsor Manager Status project SharePoint
activities, progress, • Project Team Report site and project web
costs and issues. • Stakeholders • Project site
• PMO schedule
22
GREEN CARRY
6.6 Communication Tools & Methods. Project success depends on effective communication. Improving communication
maximizes success and minimizes risk. In addition, if a project manager can develop effective communication with its stakeholder,
this mean more chances of successfully completing the project in stipulated time and resources. Effective use of different
communication methods can bring in more ideas, bigger vision and better results.
Method/ Tools Target Group / Potential Impact
Area/Region Audience
Posters Multan, Bahawalpur Commercial sites e.g., bus shelters, shopping centres; free sites e.g., libraries, schools,
and Surroundings Medium workplaces, hotels, village halls. Can target audience through suitable site selection.
On site signs Production & sale Small Locate on notice boards, trees, etc. Can reach small audience to deliver message at a
Facilities relevant time e.g., at start of visit
High wastage. Success depends on distribution. Can reach people when they are
Leaflets Smaller Towns Small responsive to messages e.g., providing information on access at tourist information
centres or holiday accommodation
Publications Stakeholders Medium Difficult to control impact and tone of message in others’ publications.
Magazines Consumers Small Consumer and professional titles. Limited but regular readership. Readership usually well
General Public targeted e.g., particular interest groups
Local Rural Areas, Local Readers tend to be loyal, reading every day/week. Each copy read by several people
newspapers opinion makers Medium (consider circulation and readership). Readership well targeted geographically.
23
GREEN CARRY
Tools Target Group Audience Impact
National Policy Makers High High readership and impact on targeted socio-economic group.
newspapers
Local radio South Punjab Medium Listeners change throughout the day e.g., mornings/evenings: people at home, commuters
in cars; afternoon housewives, retired people.
Television General Public High National and regional news programmes and advertising on TV enables mass targeting
through advertising timed with particular programmes
Internet Students, youth and Medium Targeting possible through website links and pro-active use of e-mail
business community
Conferences & Policy makers/ Seminars & conferences on biodegradable bags and pollution mitigation techniques will
Seminars Stakeholders Small organised for the purpose of networking education & discussion.
Events and Stakeholders Small For face-to-face contact with limited audience likely composed of stakeholders
exhibitions
Promotional Students/ trade Small items like pens, cups, office calendars, T-shirts would be produced to be distributed
items bodies Medium during events. All items will bear the logo and slogan of Green carry.
Direct mail stakeholders Small Reach out to people on important issues through mail based on age, geographical
distribution, postcode area, profession, membership, interest etc.
Personal Socio -graphic Small Can be regular on site. High quality, but very small audience.
contact segment
24
GREEN CARRY
6.7 Responsibility Assignment Matrix (RAM)
RESPONSIBILITY ASSIGNMENT MATRIX Participant , Accountable, Responsible, Input, Signature
M. Adil Qazi Mehak Junaid Ashfaq Zain Sohail Sana Usama Wiin Taug Rutan Zari
Project Defination and

S R P A I P I I
Approval
Resourse Planning S A R P P I P I R I
Prototype Development I S I R A I P P
R&D S P R A I I
Standard alignment I P R A I
Machinery I S R A P P I
Bulk production plan S R A P I
Operations P A R S I
Awareness Campaign S I I A P R
Change Management S R P A I I
Document Management S A I R P
25
GREEN CARRY
6.8 Communinication - Monitoring and evaluation
Monitoring will be done through systematic and continuous collection, analysis and use
of information for the purpose of management and decision-making. Green Carry will
use structured approach for periodic assessment of the efficiency, effectiveness,
impact, sustainability and relevance of a project communications in the context of stated
objectives. A combination of quantitative and qualitative methods of progress reporting
and communications evaluation will be used relying on statistics as well as interviews,
questionnaires, public surveys, focus groups and brainstorming.
6.9 Performance Reporting and Evaluation Matrix
Category Aspect Evaluation

Who Internal and external Manager Quality Mgt will provide
▪ Project Manager communication (both input and feedback on various
formal and informal) aspects of communication mgt with
▪ Manager objectivity
Communications Mgt
▪ Manager Quality Mgt
When Ongoing process Periodic with special focus on

planning and closure phase
Why Check progress, take Verify whether or not the aims and
remedial actions, strategies chosen for communication
adjust/ update plans are appropriate
Tools Specify status of Assessed by professionals at projects
▪ Status Reports project with respect phases and on project closure.
to planned activity Includes project archives, lessons
▪ Progress Reports and deliverables learnt and other audit documents.
▪ Forecast Reports
▪ Review Meetings
▪ Surveys/ Interviews
26
GREEN CARRY
7.0 Project Quality Management Plan
7.1 Quality Management Plan

Primary goal of the Green Carry Quality Management plan is to ensure that project
deliverables are of adequate quality and fit for the intended purpose. To achieve
this, Green Carry will adopt Total Quality Management approach and hence will not
rely on quality of finished product only. Instead, it will focus on each process
necessary for successful completion of project ensuring that all deliverables are
operating at expected quality standards. To this end Quality Management Plan
would include the following components: -
i. Quality Assurance. At Green Carry quality assurance is the collective
term for the formal activities and managerial processes that attempt to
ensure that products and services meet the required quality level. It
attempts to ensure that the project scope, cost, and time functions are
fully integrated.
j. Quality Control. American Society for Testing Materials specifications
for biodegeradable plstics will be used as benchmark. Quality control
activities and techniques, within the process, will be used to create
specific quality characteristics. Such activities shall include continually
monitoring processes, identifying and eliminating problem and use of
statistical process control to reduce variability.
k. Quality Improvement. Review points to assess and improve quality
where possible. Green Carry will resort to periodic quality audits and
structured reviews to help identify lessons learned and improve the
performance on current or future project activities. Audits will be
performed by Manager Quality planning. Effort will be made to review
how the project is using its internal processes, tools, techniques and
processes that create the products and service.
27
GREEN CARRY
7.2 Quality Philosophy: It describes the overall intentions and approach
of the organisation or project team that would be applied for maintaining quality.
Green Carry would make an endeavour to achieve leadership position in the market
for biodegeradable products by focusing on product/ customers and implimenting a
continuous improvement strategy based on PDCA (Plan-Do-Check-Act) scientific
method of problem solving introduced by Dr W. Edwards Deming for continually
improving processes, product and for resolving problems as described below.
l. Plan. Identify the problem, collect relevant data, and understand the
problem's root cause, develop hypotheses about what the issues may
be, and decide which one to test.
m. Do. Develop and implement a solution; decide upon a measurement to

gauge its effectiveness, test the potential solution, and measure the
results again.
n. Check. Confirm the results through before-and-after data comparison.
Study the result, measure effectiveness, and decide whether the
hypothesis is supported or not.
o. Act. Document the results, inform others about process changes, and
make recommendations for the future PDCA cycles. If the solution was
successful, implement it. If not, tackle the next problem and repeat the
PDCA cycle again.
28
GREEN CARRY
7.3 Quality control. At Green Carry
quality control will be embeded in
project, as depicted in the classic
triangle, which also includes scope, time,
and cost. At Green Carry quality will not
be compromised either in terms of
product cost effectiveness, durability,
delivery or availability in the market. The
constant delivery of high quality product
at an affordable rate will help achieving Pull from market. Hence the goal of our
quality control will be to improve quality by continuous monitoring of outputs to
determine if they meet the quality standards or definitions based on the project
stakeholder’s expectations.
a. Acceptance. Standard of craftsment and product will be such that the
beneficiaries and key project stakeholders will accept the product and
offered service. Acceptance occurs after the beneficiaries or donor has
had a chance to evaluate the product or service.
b. Rework. It is the action taken to bring the rejected product or service
into compliance with the requirements, quality specifications or
stakeholder expectations. As rework is expensive therefore at Green
carry every effort will be made to do a good job in quality planning and
quality assurance to avoid the need for rework. Rework and all the
costs associated with it may not be refundable by the donor and the
organization may end up covering those costs.
c. Adjustments. A proactive approach will be adopted to correct or take
the necessary steps to prevent further quality problems or defects
based on quality control measurements. Adjustments will be made to
the processes that shall produce the outputs and the decisions that
were taken that lead to the defects and errors. Changes shall be made
to the adjust control processes of the project.
29
GREEN CARRY
7.4 Quality Assurance Tools. Green carry will use statistical process control
(SPC) tools to take advantage of the natural characteristics the process. All
business activities will be described as specific processes with known tolerances
and measurable variances. The measurement of these variances shall provide
information for continuous process improvement. Basic tools used for statistical
process control are data figures, Pareto analysis, causeand-effect analysis, trend
analysis, histograms, scatter diagrams, and process control charts. Use and
applications of these tools is briefly described below: -
a. Data Tables. All data will be systematicaly collected and recorded in
data tables. They provide a consistent, effective, and economical
approach to gathering data, organizing them for analysis, and
displaying them for preliminary review. Data tables to minimize the
need for complicated entries and are simple to understand.
b. Fishbone Diagrames. Cause and effect analysis will be used based

on diagramming techniques to identify the relationship between an
effect and its causes. Cause-and-effect diagrams are also known as
fishbone diagrams. They are particularly useful for identifying causes
and taking remidial measures to improve quality.
c. Pareto Charts. Pareto diagrams will help Green Carry identify and
prioritize major contributors towards project success as well as main
30
GREEN CARRY
problem areas. Pareto comparative analysis is well established tool
used for quality improvement.
d. Trend analysis. This statistical method will be used to determining the
equation that best fits the data in a scatter plot. Trend analysis
quantifies the relationships of the data, determines the equation, and
measures the fit of the equation to the data. This method is also known
as curve fitting or least squares.
e. Control Charts. The use of control charts focuses on the prevention of
defects, rather than their detection and rejection. Green Carry will use
upper and lower bounds defined by government, industry, economy
and efficiency as control mechanism to reduce deviations. It costs
much more to produce an unsatisfactory product or service than it does
to produce a satisfactory one.
f. Quality Circles. Green carry will use quality circle (i.e., a group of
workers who do the same or similar work, who meet regularly to
identify, analyze and solve work-related problem) to induce constaent
improvement. It will consist of consists of engineer, production
manager, marketing officer and will be headed by Manager Quality
Management. They will present their solutions to management and
where possible, workers will implement the solutions themselves in
order to improve the performance of the organization.
31
GREEN CARRY
7.5 ASTM Bioplastics Degeradability Standards
32
GREEN CARRY
8.0 Project Change Control Management Process

The project change control process will give permission to customer and management
to communicate the changes required in project during project lifetime. In this project
the change request should be made considering triple constraints. If project
functionalities and features are looking not to be clear in the start the project manager
sill use agile method to counter the problem.
The project manager and project team will decide if the change is valid and possible at
that stage of the project lifetime. If the change is valid and can be applied, then following
method will be followed to incorporate the change.
8.1 Change proposition
Define the clear definition of change demanded the requester will define the change in
detail and explain in the way that everyone can easily understand. The changes will be
communicated to the project manager and project manager will analyse and response
to the change. The change request can be made through an official email and explain
what is needed.
8.2 Defining the summary of the impact
The requester will justify the request and provides the summery about the change. The
team of this project forecast the impact of change in project. However, this is not easy to
forecast but if the change request is valid then team look into relevant details and make
new forecasts.
8.3 Decision making regarding the proposed change
The project team will consider all the risks associated with change and forecast how
much time it will take to incorporate that change. The management focus on the cost,
quality and time needed for this change. These three variables are the decision variable
for the change if cost increased from forecasted budget or cost and benefit analysis do
not allow to change then management will eliminate the change, if it takes long lime to
implement then and time and benefit analysis is not positive than management will not
33
GREEN CARRY
incorporate that change, same for the quality if change compromises the quality of the
project than it will not be incorporate.
8.4 Implementing the change
The project team will communicate the all the requirements and processes to the all the
stakeholders and explain the change and its impact on the project. If change is so
critical as change in technology or due to some act of God, then communicate the loss
occur due to this change. When its decided to implement the change the baseline for
triple constraints will re define and update the project plan according to new
implementation. After complecting the management will implement the change.
34
GREEN CARRY
9.0 Project Cost Management Plan

9.1 Resource Planning
In this project we need the following resources.
9.1.1 Equipment
For this project we need the three main equipment’s which are Blow film
machine, Printing machine or plastic printing machine and cutting machine, the
pictures of these machine are given below respectively.
The Blow Film Machine.

35
GREEN CARRY
Plastic Bag Printing Machine.
Cutting and punching Machine

36
GREEN CARRY
9.1.2 Material
To initiate the production, we require the following material with specified present
in each bag. The list of material is given below.
Raw Material cost and % of usage

Material Quantity Price PKR Usage % Usage Unit
LDPE 1kg 150 79.40% 0.794 Kg
Urea 1kg 100 3.17% 0.0317 Kg
Polyacrylic acid 1kg 162 0.08% 0.00079 Kg
Polyacrylate 1kg 5670 0.03% 0.000312 Kg
Manganese 1kg 356.4 0.71% 0.0071 Kg
Acetic acid 1 Ltr 500 0.79% 0.00794 Ltr
Wheat Starch 1kg 55 15.80% 0.158 Kg
100%
9.1.3 Staff
In total 17 staff members are required with different expertise and we need
some consultants. The consultants are not regular employee but whenever we
need, we can call them in our consulting team we have a Chemical Engineer,
Industrial Engineer, and Health and Eco Adviser. According to project following
are the permanent workers required to start the production.
37
GREEN CARRY
The project team for this project is given below.
Name Role
M. Adil Qazi CEO and Head Director
Mehak Abbas Zaidi Project Manager and Manger Risk Control
Junaid Murtaza Finance and Budgeting Manager
M. Ashfaq Khan Manager Communication and QA
M, Shayan Sohail Material Specialist
Sana Shahid Khan Operations Expert
Usama Naeem R&D Head
Zain Ali Kidwai Manager Media and Publicity
Zari William HR Head
Rutan Polymers and Group Raw Material Supplier
Wiin Taug Machinery Supplier
38
GREEN CARRY
The resource breakdown structure for this project.
9.2 Cost Estimating

9.2.1 Cost Estimation for Material
The cost estimation for material is given below this cost table represent the total
cost for the 200 bags produce with least usage of material.
Cost
Material Quantity Price PKR Usage % Usage Unit
/200bags
LDPE 1kg 150 79.40% 0.794 Kg 150
Urea 1kg 100 3.17% 0.0317 Kg 3.17
39
GREEN CARRY
Polyacrylic acid 1kg 162 0.08% 0.00079 Kg 0.12798
Polyacrylate 1kg 5670 0.03% 0.000312 Kg 1.76904
Manganese 1kg 356.4 0.71% 0.0071 Kg 2.53044
Acetic acid 1 Ltr 500 0.79% 0.00794 Ltr 3.97
Wheat Starch 1kg 55 15.80% 0.158 Kg 8.69
170.26
100%
Rupees
9.2.2 Cost Estimation for Equipment

As mentioned earlier there are three main equipment required for this project.
The estimated cost for the first machine is around 874,000 which is blow film
machine. The estimated cost for the plastic bag printing machine is around 2.75
million. The estimated cost for the cutting and punching machine is around
1,139,000. The total cost for the equipment is 4,763,000 rupees. The rent for
40
GREEN CARRY
the building for one year is around 0.9 million.
9.2.3 Cost Estimation for Human resource
The cost estimation for human resource is given below, this cost is for the permanent
employees.
Human resource requirements
Estimated monthly Estimated
Personnel No. of persons
salary Annual salary
Manager 1 50,000 600,000
Production Manager 1 40,000 480,000
Engineer 1 50,000 600,000
Worker 3 60,000 720,000
Account Officer 1 35,000 420,000
Marketing Officers 2 70,000 840,000
Salesperson 5 50,000 600,000
Guard 3 48,000 576,000
Total 17 403,000 4,836,000
9.3 Cost Budgeting

To estimate the start-up cost for first year, the calculation of cost is given in
table below, according to contract with landlord and other considering other
factors of production our cost to start the production is around 15.7 Million
PKR. For this project we need the following list of items Land 2 canal rent
around 70k to 90k par month the major Operating machines are Blown Film
machine cost around 874,000, Plastic bag printing machine priced around
2,750,000, Side sealing, cutting and punching machine priced around
1,139,000. Further cost includes 11% Pakistan custom tax and 5-7% delivery
charges for machinery.
41
GREEN CARRY
Total Cost for the Project to start the production

Category Currency Amount % of cost
Machines Rupees 4,763,000 30%
Tax and delivery Rupees 715,500 5%
HRM cost Rupees 4836000 31%
Rent yearly Rupees 900000 6%
Raw material Rupees 4,538,940 29%
Total Rupees 15,753,440 100%
We have estimated the cost for this project which is 15.7 Million PKR. Since it is
an innovative project and needs quick release of money, options of generating
funds through traditional channels of borrowing i.e., Bank financing is not very
42
GREEN CARRY
suitable. We will focus on self-financing and involve investors.
In this project we chose the activity-based budgeting in this method we remove all
the unnecessary cost related to project.
9.4 Cost control
This is very important task which will perform by project manager. The project
manager will monitor all the activities and their time to mitigate all the possible
risk which can be cause due to cost. In this process the budget will not be disturb
manager or project manager. The management will regularly monitor the
performance of the project. The cost variances will be measure by the project
manager and cost manager it’s very important to forecast the correct to avoid the
any inconvenience.
9.5 Project Timeline

The time required for this project is around 45 weeks but within 34 weeks the
production starts, and product will be presented to the market at 38th week. The
activates in the project are given in the following table which shows how much it
to complete activities.
43
GREEN CARRY
Sequence Activity Milestones (weeks) 2021
1 Project Definition and Approval Week 4
2 Resource Planning Week 20
3 Bulk Production and R&D Week 30
4 Market Penetration Week 38
5 Overall Change control Week 40
6 Documentation and Closing Week 45
Following timeline shows the deliverables and the projected time to start the project.
According to this above timeline the production can be started at the end of 38th week.
44
GREEN CARRY
10.0 Project Human Resource Management Plan
10.1 People Management Skills
For this project soft management skills will be used, people in this project work on the
bases of trust and they communicate all the skills with the patience.
10.2 Staff Acquisition

There are 17 people required to start the production. The staff acquire process done by
historic data of the company of same type, these are the permanent employees who
also involve in operations. The other employees are on the bases of consultancy.
45
GREEN CARRY
10.5 Team development

The team development is done brainstorming and CEO decide about the project team.
Name Role
The following staff will be recruited by the HR manager for future need.
Manager 1
Production Manager 1
Engineer 1
Worker 3
Account Officer 1
Marketing Officers 2
Salesperson 5
Guard 3
Total 17
46
GREEN CARRY
11.0 Approval Procedure

This document is created for the formal approval for the all the deliverable for this
project GREEN CARRY. This project met all the acceptance criteria as defined in
previous documents which are attached with this document in annexure-A, annexure-B
and annexure-C. A project audit will be perform at deliverable stage of the project to
check the performance of the project and the match the performance with timeline for
the project. A product evaluation has been performed to determine that product quality
will meet the market demand complete the legal requirements. When transition to
operation phase will be completed the project will be handed over to operations and
transfer all the knowledge from project team to operations workers. All the trainings and
the operations guides will be hand over to operations manager. The project manager
will be responsible for the project closer. Its duty of the project manager to communicate
the progress of the project to stakeholder of the project. All the update regarding the
product is communicated in annexures of this documents.
Document Approved By Details
Project Proposal Project manager/ Project Team Annex A

Project Business Case Project Manager/ Project Team Annex B
Project Feasibility Study Project Manager/ Project Team Annex C
Project manager/ Sponsor/
Project Charter Annex D
Stakeholders
Project manager/ Sponsor/
Project Management Plan -
Stakeholders
47
GREEN CARRY
12.0 Project Risk Management Plan

Risk Area Risk Factors Probability Impact Priority Owner
Functional/ Brief description Rating
1-10 Identify Personnel
Technical
Customer Customization of the moderate low 6 R&D
Requirement product without initial
design from customers
Product Less urge to buy due to high high 1 Marketing
Requirement traditional plastic bag use
Resource Import of machinery from low high 2 Procurement & SCM
Requirement China for Plant installation
Technical Correct chemical low high 3 R&D
Infrastructure composition for new
products
Timing Bulk manufacturing being moderate moderate 4 Maintenance
affected by load shedding
and out of order machines
External Keeping an eye on new high low 7 Media & Communication
Consideration market trends
Financial Availability of cheap but moderate moderate 5 Finance and R&D
hazardous alternatives
Industry Check and balance on moderate high 8 Stakeholders
Requirement legal documentation of the
land located for plant
48
GREEN CARRY
Following methods are proposed on how to reduce and mitigate the potential foreseen risk w.r.t customer, product,
resource, technical, timing, finance, marketing, and industry. Our initial focus was on the risks that have high impact on
the product.
14.1 Customer Requirement
Risk Factors Probability Impact Rating Priority

Brief description 1-10 Owner
Customization of the product moderate low 6 R&D

without initial design from
customers
Mitigation Strategy. The identified risk was associated with customization of a bag when no prototype or CAD had been
provided. In this case we plan to outsource and find a third party to design the CAD of product, the design will then be
forwarded to customer, upon receiving green light the product will be manufactured and customer will be charged extra if
the manufactured product has design defects due to low concentration given when green light was received against CAD
file. The selection of 3rd party will be done based on best offer against our RFQ. In a long run we plan to establish CAD
department in the organization.
49
GREEN CARRY
14.2 Product Requirement

Less or no urge to buy due to high high 1 Marketing
traditional plastic bag use
Mitigation Strategy. The product offered will be cheap as compare to other bio-degradable bags, but it cannot be as
cheap and common as a traditional plastic bag. We need to bring awareness in people about consumption of plastic and its
hazards. We plan to run awareness campaigns in the suburb of Multan in the local language of people, this would help
shifting trend from plastic bags to our product.
14.3 Resource Requirement

Import of machinery from China for low high 2 Procurement & SCM
Plant installation
Mitigation Strategy. The machinery is to be imported from China for plant installation due to changing trends world-wide
because of Covid-19, We have decided as a plan B to make and install machinery nationally. The difference in price is
relatively low but we might compromise machine maintenance and warranty claims. Later in coming 10 years we can then
devise new ways to replace the old machinery with imported machines step by step.
50
GREEN CARRY
14.4 Technical Infrastructure
Correct chemical composition for low high 3 R&D

new products
Mitigation Strategy. The correct composition of the chemical mixture for all the product variety is required highly. For the
verification of all the composition and new potential chemical composition of product a team of Chemist qualified from GC-
Lahore along Chemical Engineers from UET and Nust had been hired. Due to some personal references a department
has been attributed to test all the compositions at PCSIR Pakistan.
14.5 Timing

Bulk manufacturing being affected moderate moderate 4 Maintenance

by load shedding and out of order
machines
51
GREEN CARRY
Mitigation Strategy. To avoid load shedding delays and high cost of generators running from Petrol. A letter was written
to WAPDA to supply special electrical lines with no/less load shedding. As a plan B a generator is to be installed by a
local vendor that runs with Animal residuals. Also, A lag of 1 week is accommodated in each production run.
14.6 External Considerations/Market Conditions

Brief description Owner
1-10
Keeping an eye on new market trends high low 7 Media &
Communication
Mitigation Strategy. To keep an eye on new market trends and our competitors’ product, we plan to have monthly
presentation meetings with Media and communication department. The best presentation would win 2000 PKR and/or
Gourmet Multan Voucher of similar price.
14.7 Finance

Owner
Brief description 1-10
Availability of cheap but hazardous moderate moderate 5 Finance and R&D
alternatives
52
GREEN CARRY
Mitigation Strategy. The finance department must work closely with R&D when it comes to allocating budget for raw
material procurement. The current market is full of cheap material alternatives that can prove to be harmful upon
decomposition of waste product. We cannot afford to have cheap alternatives unless approved by our R&D department.
14.8 Industry Requirements

Check and balance on legal moderate high 8 Stakeholders
documentation of the land located
for plant
Mitigation Strategy. Since property rights and corruption rates are quite high in Pakistan, we plan to hire legal adviser
and have already established contacts with lawyers to ease the process of buying land and opening a production plant in
Multan. All the permissions must flow through Board of Investment Pakistan
53
GREEN CARRY
Project Business Case
13.0 Project Assessment

This project offers a potential solution on how to stop non de-gradable plastic bags
consumption. It offers an environment friendly alternative of Bio-degradable Bags,
taking full responsibility of its manufacturing and distribution along with providing
awareness in the society about plastic bags and bending their needs towards green
solution. This Project has been designed to meet global trend of Bio-degrade bags and
compliance requirements of Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
Project will transform existing demand for single use plastic bags into that of bio-
degradable and environmentally friendly green carry bags/ packaging products,
ultimately contributing towards better environment, society, and economy. With an initial
investment as little as 11.21 million rupees broken down into 50% of this investment by
Sponsor and 30% from Bank Loan 5 years plan, 20% Equity. The break-even is
achievable in less than 5 years with a very decent ROI of 0.2147.
Three Year Revenue projections (All figures are in multiples of 1000 Rupees)
Electricity Total Profit
Year capacity Quantity Cost Salaries Revenue
bills and Rent Cost before tax
2021 75% 3,864 2,100 11,480 14,296 2,816
4,544 4,836
2022 75% 3,864 2,310 12,415 15,069 2,654
4,544 5,561
2023 80% 4,057 2,587 13,703 16,228 2,525
4,998 6,117
Our project is designed to develop commercial solution to a social problem while

safeguarding business interests of our investors. Bio-degradable products are the future
of industry and are in line with United Nations Organization Sustainability Development
Goals (United Nations, 2019). It’s best time to join hands with Green Carry to secure
business interests.
GREEN YELLOW RED
GREEN CARRY | WAY TO GO GREEN

54
GREEN CARRY
14. Formal Acceptance
SIGNATURE DISCLAIMER
By signing below, you confirm that you have read all the contents of the Project Charter
and subsidiary plans and agree to the aforementioned details. By your signature, you
endorse this project and commit to support the project team in its aim to achieve the
stated goals and objectives. Your approval will be required if/when the project baseline
changes.
Mehak Abbas Zaidi (Project Manager)
Signed XXXXXXXXXXX
Muhammad Adil Amin Kazi (Project Sponsor)
Muhammad Amir Khan

Chairman Multan Chamber of Commerce & Industry (Customer)

55
Annex - A
GREEN CARRY
PROJECT PROPOSAL
TEAM GREEN PROJECT TITLE

Project Manager Project Topic:
Mehak Abbas Zaidi Green Carry (Biodegradable Bags)
Manager Communications & QA
Muhammad Ashfaq Khan Description:
Manager Cost & Scheduling Do you know on an average production of 16,000
Junaid Murtaza plastic bags per second are polluting the Planet
(Counts, Planet Earth, 2020).
We at Green Carry are here to help in this hour of
need. Green Carry, an environment friendly
company has been working towards saving our
planet Earth from the past couple of years. We
seek your awareness in making Environment
Green Again by supplying Biodegradable plastic
bags. Imagine each bag you discard heals the
environment and makes it greener. We offer high
strength, reusable & degradable bags. Now it’s
time that we take a step together to safe our
planet. Here at Green Carry we would be pleased
to receive your quotes and send you free samples.
Feel free to contact us and Together We Go Green
Product:
▪ We are selling 100 % biodegradable bags that one can use carefreely whether it is for
shopping or grocery, bin bags or storage bags. We can even customize our product size
according to your needs. The company offers special packages to its loyal customers. Let’s
take a step to make Pakistan Green.
▪ Green Carry bags completely degrade in 6/8 months when exposed in the environment. We
are a team of Engineers and Supply Chain Experts working side by side with Green
Technology. We promise to help you protect the environment.
▪ In Pakistan where technology and awareness confines to Big Cities, we aim to be at your next
door. Right next to big industrial plants, SME, and your home. We offer solution to the

56
GREEN CARRY
subsistence of next generation. So next time when you find someone around you, consuming
unnecessary plastic, give them a Green Carry solution.

57
GREEN CARRY
Annex - B
PROJECT BUSINESS CASE
Project Name Green Carry bio- Project P01-Team Green

degradable bags Number
Customer M Adil Amin Kazi Prepared By Manager Communications

58
GREEN CARRY
Created by: Manager Communication Created on Date: 10 Dec 2020

Change Changed by Reason Description Comment Approver
Date
- - Initial Document containing Marked to Project
Background, Environmental Manager
Assessment, CBA and
Business Justification
12 Dec 2020 Project Manager Project Objectives and Marked to Mngr
Scope included Communication
13 Dec 2020 Manager Input of Schedule required Marked to Mngr
Communication Cost & Scheduling
13 Dec 2020 Manager Cost & Project Timeline and Returned to Mngr
Scheduling schedule included Communications
14 Dec 2020 Mngr Risk Assessment included Marked to
Communications and Conclusion included Manager QA
15 Dec 2020 Manager QA Following aspects need Marked to
further clarification: Manager
1. Ansoff analysis 2. Communications
Technical feasibility
3.Evaluation techniques
16 Dec 2020 Manager Observations of Manager Marked to
Communications QA addressed Manager QA
17 Dec 2020 Manager QA Draft reviewed Marked to Project Project Manager
Manager

59
GREEN CARRY
Project Business Case Roadmap
1.0 Executive Summary 60
2.0 Background 61
3.0 Environmental Assessment (Internal/External) 65
4.0 Cost/Benefit Analysis 68
5.0 Business Justification 73
6.0 Project Stakeholders 74
7.0 Recommended Project Objective 75
8.0 Recommended Project Scope 75
9.0 Recommended Project Schedule 76
10.0 Risk Of Proposed Solution 77
11.0 Evaluation Criterion 78
12.0 Conclusion 80

60
GREEN CARRY
1.0 Executive Summary
This Business Plan offers a potential solution on how to stop plastic bags
consumption in Pakistan. It offers an environment friendly alternative of Bio-
degradable Bags, taking full responsibility of its manufacturing and distribution
along with providing awareness in the society about plastic bags and bending
their needs towards green solution. This Project was derived from the two
fundamental facts: The global trend of Bio-degrade bags where it was declared
that Globally, Biodegradable Plastic Bags & Sacks Market is expected to grow
from USD 2,019.95 Million in 2019 to USD 2,978.03 Million by the end of 2025 at
a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 6.68%. and secondly the decision
of Lahore High Court where Plastic bags’ selling, buying, manufacturing was
banned (Dated: 23rd August, 2020)
The scope of this project is to transform existing demand for single use plastic
bags/ packaging materials in South Punjab into that of bio-degradable and
environmentally friendly green carry bags/ packaging products, ultimately
contributing towards better environment, society, and economy. With an initial
investment as little as 11.21 million rupees broken down into 50% of this
investment by Sponsor and 30% from Bank Loan 5 years plan, 20% Equity. The
break-even is achievable in less than 5 years with a very decent ROI of 0.2147.
Our business philosophy is to design and develop commercial solution to
a social problem while safeguarding business interests of our investors. Bio-
degradable products are the future of industry and are in line with United Nations
Organization Sustainability Development Goals (SDGs). Pakistan like many other
developing countries is likely to pass legislations mandating use of only
environmentally friendly and bio-degradable products in future. It’s best time to
join hands with Green Carry to secure your environmental, social and economic
interests.

61
GREEN CARRY
2.0 Background
2.1 Consumption of Plastic
Utilization of plastic in everyday life is widespread all around the world. On one hand
plastic is cheap and saves food waste and on the other it is easily available. However,
excessive use of plastic has caused non-treatable plastic waste issues. Consumption of
plastic is high in developed countries as compare to others, but so is there recycling and
waste management procedures. In developing/ under-developed countries, where there
exists no proper system of waste management, people are attracted by the low-cost
products and use of cheap plastic bags has become a norm. Human beings are
consuming approximately 5 trillion plastic bags/year, making it 700 bags consumed by
each person every year. It is assumed that if the consumption of plastic bags keeps on
increasing at the current rate then by 2050, the world's oceans could contain more
plastic than fish measured by weight.
a. Plastic can be recycled serval times but cannot be demolished easily. However,
plastic is too cheap that people just throw it away after single use. This usage of
plastic is not justifiable w.r.t the hazards it brings when it goes un-treated.
b. It is worth mentioning that the rate of recycling plastic is barely one percent of the
total plastic being produced.
c. Plastic is made from polythene which takes thousands of years to degrade
completely, if we reduce the amount of plastic bags being produced then surely,
we can expect better and cleaner environment.
d. In under-developed countries like Pakistan there are so many issues to be dealt
with specially related to plastic consumption.
2.2 Solutions
To limit the use of plastic bags many alternatives have been offered, one of them is bio-
degradable bags. Biodegradable plastics are plastics that can be decomposed by the
action of living organisms, usually microbes, into water, carbon dioxide, and biomass.
These bags decompose easily when exposed to external atmosphere. The Global

62
GREEN CARRY
Biodegradable Plastic Bags & Sacks Market is expected to grow from USD 2,019.95
Million in 2019 to USD 2,978.03 Million by the end of 2025 at a Compound Annual
Growth Rate (CAGR) of 6.68%. Generally, bio-degradable plastic bags can be divided
into following main categories:
a. The traditional Bio-degradable bags were made of polymeric matrix from heavy
metals like Zinc, cadmium and beryllium which could be hazardous when
decomposed.
b. Another type of these bags was introduced that contained polymers combined
with PLA (polylactic acid). it was less hazardous but reportedly had very high
degradation duration.
c. Oxo-degradable plastics are simply conventional plastics with additives called
Prodegredants that accelerate the oxidation process.
2.3 Pakistani Context
Pakistan is the world's fifth-most populous country with a population exceeding 212
million. More than 3.3 million tonnes of plastic waste are created each year, most of
which ends up in landfills, unmanaged dumps and water bodies across the country. To
counter this trend on 23rd August 2020, the consumption, manufacturing and selling of
plastic bags was banned in Punjab on the orders of Lahore High Court. Not everyone
was happy with the decision as this gave rise to closing of different shops and plastic
bags manufacturing plants. People were left unemployed and hence they started to
continue either illegally or left dying of hunger.
It is, therefore, need of the hour not only to reduce consumption of plastic but
also to change the way people think about its use. If the alternate product is within
suitable price range, people can opt for a healthier option. A bio-degradable bags
manufacturing plant in Multan will not only help keep Punjab/ Pakistan green but shall
also bring employment and legal income to the middle class or low-class families that
are primarily affected by the plastic ban in this zone.

63
GREEN CARRY
2.4 Our Solution

We, a small team of entrepreneurs propose a solution by offering bio-degradable plastic
bags in an adorable variety, within price range of common citizens to change the
societal behaviour with our primary target in Multan and secondary all around Pakistan.
We offer green solutions along with employment and business opportunities for shops
and plastic bags retailers.
1. Product Description
We intend to manufacture Bio-degradable bags by opening a plant in Multan.
These bags will easily degrade when exposed to external environment.
2. Nature of Solution
We intend to work on Oxo-Biodegradable bags. They contain additives that
stimulate speedy polymer break-down, achieving least hazardous
decomposition in the minimum amount of cost and time.
3. Product Variety
We offer solution not only in different sizes but also in a bundle of varieties at
an affordable rate. We have an edge as compare to our potential competitors
by offering make to order product range. You bring the design, and we
manufacture it for you. Some of our products will include:-
a. Shopping Bags
b. Bin bags
c. Industrial Packaging Bags
d. Keep it cold-Grocery Bags
e. Storage Bags
4. Manufacturing Composition
We plan to use undermentioned raw materials to achieve the best outcome.
These will be mixed at 200 degree Celsius at around screw speed of 250

64
GREEN CARRY
RPM. The exact composition of how and when they will be mixed is hereby
not disclosed to prevent copywrites / product patents.
a. low-density polyethylene (LDPE)
b. Mediator for Urea
c. Coupling agent from polyacrylic acid
d. Radical from dicotyl peroxide (DCP)
e. Accelerator manganese stearate
f. Plasticizer Dioctyl phthalate (DOP)
g. Catalyst Acetic Acid and Lactic acid
5. Product Target Market

Our target market is divided into two main sectors, for the manufacturing plant
establishment we target low class society in and around Multan to come and
work with us. On the other hand, to sell the product we target wide range of
companies including:
a. General/ Grocery Stores
b. Clothing & Shoe Brands
c. FMCGs packaging
d. Hotels & Restaurants
e. Pharmaceutical Industrial Packaging
Our company’s target is to change the norm of consumption of plastic in Pakistan by not
only introducing bio-degradable bags but also by unique marketing techniques to bring
awareness on plastic pollution to normal layman. No doubt it is not going to be an easy
job as our target market will be full of people being rigid in their ways and where people
give so less of attention to topics like world’s plastic pollution.

65
GREEN CARRY
3.0 Environmental Assessment (Internal/External)

To implement the proposed solution and establishing manufacturing plant in Multan we
need to analyze the environment in which we will be working and marketing our product.
This is done to understand where we stand as a company w.r.t current external and
internal environment.
a. Macro (external) Environment – Major and more generalized forces that can
affect our brand and vice versa.
b. Micro (internal) Environment – Small but narrower internal Business strategies
that will affect its survival in the surrounded environment.
3.1 External Environment Analysis. We will use PESTLE analysis, to track
the environment we are operating in and are planning to launch our project/ product.

66
GREEN CARRY
3.2 Internal Environment Analysis. We will use SWOT analysis and Ansoff matrix
to determine own strengths, weakness, market forces and future growth strategies of
our project. Effective internal analysis aids the strategic decision making of
management while they carry out the strategy formulation and execution process. It also
helps strategies to develop an early warning system to prevent threats or to develop
strategies, which can turn a threat to the firm's advantage.
3.2.1 SWOT Analysis

Below is the tabular representation of Strength, Weaknesses, Threats and Opportunities
that can help Green Carry survive in the existing environment. This is a self-analysis to
determine the areas where we are strong as a business and the areas where we lack.
This could help in driving the ways for continuous improvement of our Brand.

67
GREEN CARRY
3.2.2 Ansoff Matrix Analysis The following model was devised in order to determine
the potential continuous product growth in existing and potential new market to avoid
obsolesce and survive among competitors

68
GREEN CARRY
4.0 Cost/Benefit Analysis
Techno-economic feasibility analysis
4.1 Technical Feasibility Analysis
a. Location Decision
As discussed earlier we chose Multan for our plant. Multan has a dedicated area
for industries which is known as industrial estate. This location have all facilities
required by any industry (Gas, Electricity, skilled labor, direct accesses to high
way). Multan is center of south Punjab and future capital of south Punjab. There
is lot of potential in this area.
b. Input Raw Material
For this project we need Human resource and raw material. As mentioned earlier
there is excess of human resource in this area, secondly we need materials to
produce our desired product. The list of required items is given below.
▪ Low Density polyethylene (1st grade polyethylene)
▪ Mediator for Urea
▪ Coupling agent from polyacrylic-acid (synthetic high molecular)
▪ Radical from dicotyl peroxide
▪ Accelerator manganese stearate
▪ Plasticizer dioctyl phthalate
▪ Catalyst acetic acid and lactic acid
c. Size of Plant
According to this market we are planning to make a plant which can produce 5
million to 10 million bags per year. The area required for producing plant probably
around 350 square meter and 300 square meter is required for a warehouse (the
area is mentioned is completely covered) we also need 250 square meter for
loading, unloading and parking. 50 square meter is required for office and 50
square meter is required for labor mess and rest rooms.

69
GREEN CARRY
d. Infrastructure Facilities
As mentioned earlier we chose industrial estate for our plant, in Pakistan
government provides subsidies on gas and electricity to encourage the growth of
industry. Recently government removed electricity peak-hour charges from small
and medium enterprises. All the facilities required for industry are available here,
infrastructure is good enough and have all the source for the building a new site
or building according to industries SOPs.
e. Manpower Availability
Our project is machine oriented and need very less human intervention but
humans needs to manage the production, marketing and sales. There is a lot of
individuals available in this region the people are very talented and hard-working.
f. Construction and Development
The development is good in this area the industrial estate is linked by city and
also have direct access to high way and motor-way M5. All the sectors are well
developed and have good quality of roads and accessibility to city and high ways,
in following picture of map we can see the location of industrial estate Multan.

70
GREEN CARRY
4.2 Economic and Financial Feasibility Analysis
1. Financial Analysis
a. Total Cost of Project
For our project we need the following list of items
Land 2 canal (rent around 70k to 90k par month)
The major Operating machines are Blown Film machine cost around
874,000, Plastic bag printing machine priced around 2,750,000, Side sealing,
cutting and punching machine priced around 1,139,000. Further cost
includes 11% Pakistan custom tax and 5-7% delivery charges for machinery.
Total cost for this project is given below.
Total Cost for the Project

b. C
Machines Rupees 4,763,000
a
Tax and delivery Rupees 715,500
p
HRM cost for 1st year Rupees 4836000
i
Rent yearly 1st year, 10%
t Rupees 900000
increase annually.
a
Total Rupees 11,214,500
l
Structure
For this project we have roughly estimate the above cost which is 11.21
million rupees this is investment we required at start of business 50% of this
investment is sponsor by our sponsor and 30% from bank loan 5 years plan,
20% equity.
c. Working Capital requirements
For the working capital we have to consider the following costs
Human resource cost (salaries), operating cost and other expenses.

71
GREEN CARRY
No. of Estimated
Personnel Estimated Annual salary
persons monthly salary
Manager 1 50,000 600,000
Engineer 1 50,000 600,000
Worker 3 60,000 720,000
Sales person 5 50,000 600,000
Guard 3 48,000 576,000
Total 17 403,000 4,836,000

Price Usage Cost for 200
Material Quantity Usage Value
PKR % bags
LDPE 1kg 150 79.40% 0.794 Kilogram 150
Urea 1kg 100 3.17% 0.0317 Kilogram 3.17
Polyacrylic acid 1kg 162 0.08% 0.00079 Kilogram 0.12798
Polyacrylate 1kg 5670 0.03% 0.000312 Kilogram 1.76904
AMS
1kg 356.4 0.71% 0.0071 Kilogram 2.53044
(manganese)
Acetic acid 1 Litter 500 0.79% 0.00794 Litter 3.97
Wheat Strach 1kg 55 15.80% 0.158 Kilogram 8.69
100% Rs.170.26

72
GREEN CARRY
d. Return on Investment
It is estimated that 1 KG of LDPE produces 200 bags and capacity of blow
machine is around 30 kg per hour. If we run our machine at 35% of its
capacity then we can produce 16800 bags per day.
Electricity
Profit
Year capacity Quantity Cost Salaries bills and Total Cost Price
before tax
Rent
2021 35% 2,816,736

3,864,000 4,544,064 4,836,000 2,100,000 11,480,064 14,296,800
2022 35% 2,654,136

3,864,000 4,544,064 5,561,400 2,310,000.0 12,415,464 15,069,600
2023 40% 2,525,590

4,057,200 4,998,470 6,117,540 2,587,200 13,703,210 16,228,800
According to above calculations the ROI is around 0.2147 which seems good
e. Payback period
According to above calculation the payback period is around 5 years.
4.3 Economic Analysis
a. Social cost benefit analysis
The first and most beneficial use of biodegradable bags is that they are
recyclable and don’t cause the pollution in environment. The energy
consumption is very less during production which as a whole is beneficial for
society. There is very less use of petroleum products in these bags.
These bags have no harm on human health.
b. Recently Government of Pakistan impose ban on plastic bags thus there is
great opportunity for these bags, these bags are legally accepted by all over
the world. These eco-friendly bags are beneficial for environment as these
bags convert in to clean land fill for environment

73
GREEN CARRY
5.0 Business Justification
No business decision is completely without risk. As uncomfortable as it can be to
consider the possible downsides of expanding or starting a company, it's important to
give business justification of the project as much attention as the advantages. Some of
the key points (qualitative as well as quantitative) mandating this project are mentioned
below.
a. There was a problem when Pakistani government bans plastic bags then we
introduce biodegradable bags which replace the traditional plastic bags.
b. There is great demand for biodegradable bags in Pakistani market.
c. There is no plant for biodegradable bags in South Punjab or Northern Sindh.
d. These bags will protect environment, reduce energy use and are recycle-able.
e. The paper bags can be alternative but can’t replace the biodegradable plastics.

74
GREEN CARRY
6.0 Project Stakeholders
As participation of different organizations, entities and groups of people gets
increasingly embedded in projects, it becomes ever more crucial for decision-makers to
understand who is affected by the decisions and actions they take, and who has the
power to influence their outcome. The stakeholder concept has thus achieved
widespread popularity among academics, policy-makers, the media and corporate
managers. Requirement to engage stakeholders in organizational strategy and project
design is a key priority. Stakeholder engagement is not about giving them a list of
options to choose from – it’s about their views, needs and ideas that shall shape those
options and the services that flow from them.
INTERNAL STAKEHOLDERS
Name Role
Project Sponsor Funding & Sponsoring
Project team Project conception and implementation
Support staff Assist project implementation
Internal customers Initial demand and feedback
Senior Management Strategic management, setting objectives
EXTERNAL STAKEHOLDERS
Name Role
Government Policy Framework
Regulators Implementation of Govt Policies
External customers Demand generation
Competitors Marketing mix and pricing
Suppliers SCM/ logistics efficiency
District Administration Administrative control & assistance
Environmental Protection Agencies Implementation of EPA Rules & Policies

75
GREEN CARRY
Electronic & Print Media Projection of sustainable solutions
7.0 Project Objectives

Key objectives of Green Carry initiative are: -
1. Create awareness to reduce non degradable plastic bags usage in Pakistan.
2. Provide affordable and environmentally friendly bio-degradable plastic bags.
3. Raise initial capital of Rs.20 Million for execution of greenfield project.
4. Establish product manufacturing facility in Multan by end 2021.
5. Capture 25% market share of single use plastics of Multan by end 2022.
6. Create business model for replication of project in other parts of the country.
8.0 Project Scope
packaging materials in South Punjab into that of bio-degradable and environmentally
environment, society and economy.

76
GREEN CARRY
9.0 Recommended Project Schedule
Start Days to
Task Date of completion
date complete
Arrangement of Capital 2/1/2021 20 2/21/2021
Land acquire 2/21/2021 10 3/3/2021
Building construction 3/3/2021 120 7/1/2021
Bank Loan process 4/1/2021 15 4/16/2021
Machine purchase and
4/4/2021 60 6/3/2021
delivery
Machine activation and
6/7/2021 20 6/27/2021
calibration

77
GREEN CARRY
10.0 Risk of Proposed Solution
Risk Area Risk Factors Probability Impact Rating Priority Owner
Very Low/ Low/ Low/
Identify
Functional/ Brief description of the Moderate//High Medium/ 1-10
Personnel
Technical risks /Very High High
CUSTOMER Customization of the product moderate low 6 R&D
REQUIREMENT without initial design from
customers
PRODUCT Less or no urge to buy due high high 1 Marketing
REQUIREMENT to traditional plastic bag use
RESOURCE Import of machinery from low high 2 Procurement &
REQUIREMENT China for Plant installation SCM
TECHNICAL Correct chemical low high 3 R&D
INFRASTRUCTURE composition for new
products
TIMING Bulk manufacturing being moderate moderate 4 Maintenance
EXTERNAL Keeping an eye on new high low 7 Media &
CONSIDERATION market trends Communication
FINANCIAL Availability of cheap but moderate moderate 5 Marketing
INDUSTRY Check and balance on legal moderate high 8 Stakeholders
REQUIREMENT documentation of the land
located for plant

78
GREEN CARRY
11.0 Evaluation Criterion
For effective and accurate project evaluation we will use a combination of
quantitative and qualitative evaluation techniques. These shall help us in
systematic performance evaluate and project closure.
Performance ▪ Operating cost estimation and financial analysis: When

Measurement: analyzing any technical or engineering project as a
prospective investment, it’s vital to make an accurate estimate
of operating expenses and return on investment.
▪ Return on Investment: The ratio of profit expected from an
investment project and the proposed investment for the
project is called Return on Investment.
▪ Net Present Value (NPV):
▪ Surveys, interviews and assessments by focus groups

Impact ▪ Impact measures & evaluations focus on whether a
Measures: development project or program had a (causal) effect on the
lives of people (how and why). We will look for whether the
project succeeded in creating awareness, how many people
used bio-degradable bags and whether there is reduction in
plastic waste observed in before and after comparison.
▪ These evaluations require certain data sets and financial
resources and hence evaluators will work in conjunction with
project planners and donors when proposing to conduct
impact measurement / evaluation.
Outcome ▪ Simple, effective and reliable outcome measures will be
Measures: employed to assess performance of the project. User
feedback review, market share measurement, market growth
analysis and changes in social behavior of population will be
used to measure output.

79
GREEN CARRY
Impact Evaluations Proforma
Impact evaluations will be focused around answering a small number of high-

level key evaluation questions (KEQs) that will be answered by different
stakeholder through combination of evidence. These questions will be clearly
linked to the evaluative criteria of our project.
KEQ1. What was the quality of our product design/content?

KEQ2. How well was the project implemented and adapted as needed?
KEQ3. Did the introduction of bio-degradable bags produce the intended results
in the short, medium and long term? If so, for whom, to what extent and
in what circumstances?
KEQ4. What unintended results – positive and negative – did green carry
products produce? How did these occur?
KEQ5. What were the barriers and enablers that made the difference between
successful and disappointing project implementation and results?
KEQ6. How valuable were the results to suppliers, clients, the community
and/or organizations involved?
KEQ7. To what extent did this project represent the best possible use of
available resources to achieve results of the greatest possible value to
participants and the community?
KEQ8. Are any positive results likely to be sustained? In what circumstances?

GREEN CARRY
Project Feasibility Study
12.0 Conclusion
Plastics are everywhere and are used in almost all areas of the modern-day life.
It is used for wrapping items, making of cutleries, bottles, food containers,
clothes, wearables, vehicle parts, electronics, and furniture among many other
things. Their wide usage is because of their versatility in 3D modeling, durability,
and ease of work within various manufacturing and production processes
(Conserve Energy Future | Green and sustainable living, 2020). However,
excessive consumption of single use plastic has caused non-treatable plastic
waste issues. Recycling and waste management procedures are not only
expensive but are complex and require huge capital investment. In under-
developed countries, use of low-cost cheap plastic bags has become a norm.
Green Carry intends to change that norm by introducing bio-degradable
bags in less developed areas of Pakistan. By centrally locating its production
facilities in Multan and by using latest research in the field of sustainable/ bio-
degradable plastics, Green Carry intends to bring in a positive change in
consumer patterns that will not only help protect environment but will also create
awareness about plastic pollution among masses. By adopting proactive media
campaign and flexible marketing techniques, Green Carry shall be able to
capture sizeable portion of existing consumer market demand by end 2022 to
ensure profitability and suitable returns to our investors.
Bio-degradable products are the future of industry and are in line with
United Nations Organization Sustainability Development Goals (SDGs). Pakistan
like many other developing countries is likely to pass legislations mandating use
of only environmentally friendly and bio-degradable products in future. It’s best
time to join hands with Green Carry to secure your environmental, social and
economic interests.

GREEN CARRY
Project FeasibilityAnnex
Study - C

Customer M. Adil Amin Kazi Prepared Manager Communications
bility
Manager Risk Mgt:

Ashfaq Khan


GREEN CARRY

Created by: Manager Communication Created on 23 Dec 2020
- - Initial document created and Created by Manager
shared with Project manager Communication Mgt
24 Dec 2020 Project Added Project Objectives, Marked to Manager
Manager Scope and Constraints Communication Mgt
24 Dec 2020 Manager Input on Market trends from Marked to Project
Communicati stakeholders Manager
on Mgt
24 Dec 2020 Project Included Project Marked to Manager
Manager Assumptions Schedule & Cost Mgt
27 Dec 2020 Manager Included Technical Retained for further
Schedule & Assessment and deliberations
Cost Mgt Organisational structure
29 Dec 2020 Manager Added Financial layout and Marked to Manager
Schedule & Forecasts Communication Mgt
Cost Mgt
30 Dec 2020 Manager Risk Assessment included Marked to Manager QA
Communicati and Conclusion included
ons
01 Dec 2020 Manager QA Further description of Marked to Manager
Organisational structure Communications
required. Additional
referencing required
02 Dec 2020 Manager Observations of Manager Marked to Manager QA
Communicati QA addressed
ons
03 Dec 2020 Manager QA Draft reviewed and found Marked to Project Project

GREEN CARRY
Project Feasiability Study Roadmap
1.0 Introduction 85
2.0 Executive Summary 87
3.0 Background 88
4.0 Study Parameters/Area 90
5.0 Constraints 92
6.0 Assumptions 96
7.0 Market Analysis Research 97
7.1 Market ............................................................................................................................ 98
7.2 Target Market .................................................................................................................. 98
7.3 Target Market structure................................................................................................... 99
7.4 Projected growth rate for the product ........................................................................... 100
7.5 Competitors for the proposed product .......................................................................... 100
7.6 Competitive advantage ................................................................................................. 101
8.0 Organizational and Technical Assessment 102
8.1 Proposed organizational structure to support new product .......................................... 102
8.2 Current management structure ..................................................................................... 102
8.3 Recommended management structure to support the new product ............................ 102
8.4 Condition of current technical infrastructure ................................................................. 103
8.5 Technology needs of the new product .......................................................................... 103
8.6 Process to obtain the needed technology and equipment............................................ 103
8.7 Cost to acquire the technology and equipment ............................................................ 104
9.0 Financial Issues 106
9.1 Start-Up Costs .............................................................................................................. 107

GREEN CARRY
9.2 Operating Costs ............................................................................................................ 108
9.3 Revenue Projections ..................................................................................................... 112
9.4 Sources of Financing .................................................................................................... 113
9.5 Profitability Analysis ...................................................................................................... 113
10.0 Risk of Proposed Solution 115
11.0 Risk Assessment 116
11.1 Customer Requirement ................................................................................................. 48
11.2 Product Requirement .................................................................................................... 49
11.3 Resource Requirement ................................................................................................. 49
11.4 Technical Infrastructure ................................................................................................ 50
11.5 Timing ........................................................................................................................... 50
11.6 External Considerations/Market Conditions ................................................................. 51
11.7 Finance ......................................................................................................................... 51
11.8 Industry Requirements .................................................................................................. 52
11.9 Other ........................................................................................................................... 119
12.0 Conclusion 120
13.0 References 121
14.0 Tables and Figures 123

GREEN CARRY
1.0 Introduction
1. To limit the use of plastic bags many alternatives have been offered, one
of them is bio-degradable bags. Biodegradable plastics are plastics that can be
decomposed by the action of living organisms, usually microbes, into water,
carbon dioxide, and biomass. These bags decompose easily when exposed to
external atmosphere. The Global Biodegradable Plastic Bags & Sacks Market is
expected to grow from USD 2,019.95 Million in 2019 to USD 2,978.03 Million by
the end of 2025 at a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 6.68%.
Generally (Kumar et al., 2020), bio-degradable plastic bags can be divided into
following main categories:
a. The traditional Bio-degradable bags were made of polymeric matrix
from heavy metals like Zinc, cadmium and beryllium which could be
hazardous when decomposed.
b. Another type of these bags was introduced that contained polymers
combined with PLA (polylactic acid). it was less hazardous but
reportedly had very high degradation duration.
c. Oxo-degradable plastics are simply conventional plastics with
additives (Pro-degradants) that accelerate the oxidation process.
We, a small team of entrepreneurs propose a solution by offering bio-degradable
plastic bags in an adorable variety, within price range of common citizens to
change the societal behaviour with our primary target in Multan and secondary all
around Pakistan. We offer green solutions along with employment and business
opportunities for shops and plastic bags retailers. We can even customize our
product size according to your needs. The company offers special packages to
its loyal customers.

GREEN CARRY
Green Carry bags completely degrade in 6/8 months when exposed in the
environment. We are a team of Engineers and Supply Chain Experts working
side by side with Green Technology. We promise to help you protect the
environment. In Pakistan where technology and awareness confines to the Big
Cities, we aim to be at your next door. Right next to big industrial plants, SME,
and your home. We offer solution to the subsistence of next generation. So next
time when you find someone around you, consuming unnecessary plastic, give
them a Green Carry solution. together we Go Green!
Figure 1: Product Visual Description

GREEN CARRY
2.0 Executive Summary
This project offers a potential solution on how to stop plastic bags consumption in
Pakistan. It offers an environment friendly alternative of Bio-degradable Bags, taking full
responsibility of its manufacturing and distribution along with providing awareness in the
society about plastic bags and bending their needs towards green solution. This Project
was derived from the two fundamental facts: The global trend of Bio-degrade bags
where it was declared that Globally, Biodegradable Plastic Bags & Sacks Market is
expected to grow from USD 2,019.95 Million in 2019 to USD 2,978.03 Million by the end
of 2025 at a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 6.68%. (Kumar et al., 2020)
and secondly the decision of Lahore High Court where Plastic bags’ selling, buying,
manufacturing was banned (Dated: 23rd August, 2020)
environment, society, and economy. With an initial investment as little as 11.21 million
rupees broken down into 50% of this investment by Sponsor and 30% from Bank Loan
5 years plan, 20% Equity. The break-even is achievable in less than 5 years with a very
decent ROI of 0.2147.
Sustainability Development Goals (United Nations, 2019). Pakistan like many other
developing countries is likely to pass legislations mandating use of only environmentally
friendly and bio-degradable products in future. It’s best time to join hands with Green
Carry to secure your environmental, social and economic interests.

GREEN CARRY
3.0 Background
3.1 Consumption of Plastic
Utilization of plastic in everyday life is widespread all around the world. On one hand
plastic is cheap and saves food waste and on the other it is easily available (Rujnić-
Sokele & Pilipović, 2017). However, excessive use of plastic has caused non-treatable
plastic waste issues. Consumption of plastic is high in developed countries as compare
to others, but so is there recycling and waste management procedures. In developing/
under-developed countries, where there exists no proper system of waste management,
people are attracted by the low-cost products and use of cheap plastic bags has
become a norm. Human beings are consuming approximately 5 trillion plastic
bags/year, making it 700 bags consumed by each person every year. It is assumed that
if the consumption of plastic bags keeps on increasing at the current rate then by 2050,
the world's oceans could contain more plastic than fish measured by weight.
a. Plastic can be recycled serval times but cannot be demolished easily.
However, plastic is too cheap that people just throw it away after single
use. This usage of plastic is not justifiable w.r.t the hazards it brings.
b. It is worth mentioning that the rate of recycling plastic is barely one
percent of the total plastic being produced.
c. Plastic is made from polythene which takes thousands of years to degrade
completely, if we reduce the amount of plastic bags being produced then
surely, we can expect better and cleaner environment.
d. In under-developed countries like Pakistan there are so many issues to be
dealt with specially related to plastic consumption.
3.2 Alternatives
To limit the use of plastic bags many alternatives have been offered, one of them is bio-
degradable bags. Biodegradable plastics are plastics that can be decomposed by the
action of living organisms, usually microbes, into water, carbon dioxide, and biomass.

GREEN CARRY
These bags decompose easily when exposed to external atmosphere. Generally, bio-
degradable plastic bags can be divided into following main categories:
a. The traditional Bio-degradable bags were made of polymeric matrix from
heavy metals like Zinc, cadmium and beryllium which could be hazardous
when decomposed.
b. Another type of these bags was introduced that contained polymers
combined with PLA (polylactic acid). it was less hazardous but reportedly
had very high degradation duration.
c. Oxo-degradable plastics are simply conventional plastics with additives
called prodegredants that accelerate the oxidation process.
3.3 Pakistani Context
Pakistan is the world's fifth-most populous country with a population exceeding 212
million. More than 3.3 million tons of plastic waste are created each year, most of which
ends up in landfills, unmanaged dumps and water bodies across the country (Yousafzai
et al., 2020). To counter this trend on 23rd August 2020, the consumption,
manufacturing and selling of plastic bags was banned in Punjab on the orders of Lahore
High Court. Not everyone was happy with the decision as this gave rise to closing of
different shops and plastic bags manufacturing plants. People were left unemployed
and hence they started to continue either illegally or left dying of hunger.
It is, therefore, need of the hour not only to reduce consumption of plastic but also to
change the way people think about its use. If the alternate product is within suitable
price range, people can opt for a healthier option. A bio-degradable bags manufacturing
plant in Multan will not only help keep Punjab/ Pakistan green but shall also bring
employment and legal income to the middle class or low-class families that are primarily
affected by the plastic ban in this zone.

GREEN CARRY
4.0 Study Parameters/Area
4.1 Scope
The scope of this project is to transform existing demand for single use plastic
bags/ packaging materials in South Punjab/Multan into bio-degradable and
environment friendly green carry bags/ packaging products, ultimately
contributing towards better environment, society, and economy (Shao & Ünal,
2019). The current scope is subject to be constant throughout the Project. To
achieve the targeted goal following variables are to be monitored constantly.
4.2 Budget
The current Budget of the project would be monitored continuously and is subject
to accommodate any increase/decrease related to Raw material and resource
Purchase, land ownership, imported machinery, and bank interest rate. It would
be assured to have plenty of finances at any stage or time to complete project
implementation.
4.3 Time Schedule

An in-depth analysis would enable in
time completion of the project in the
targeted year. All potential delays will
be systematically identified and an
effort will be made to minimize them
by introducing thoroughly planned
project schedule, network flow and
controlled lags. Several mini deadlines
will help achieve the right outcome in
Figure 2: Triple Constraint
right time.

GREEN CARRY
4.4 Potential Target Consumer
Green Carry Targets to understand and shift the mindset of its potential
consumers towards degradable bags (The Economic Context of Pakistan -
Economic and Political Overview - Nordea Trade Portal, n.d.). Initially we aim to
work on early market PUSH to later market PULL Strategy. Initially we would
create market Push by focusing following variables.
4.5 Mass market
Initially we will launch free sample campaign to the following mass markets in
Multan and its suburbs: -
a. Superstores
b. Packing Companies
c. Brand shops
d. Shipping stores e.g., Pakistan Post
e. Industrial Packaging
4.5 Individual Customers
A series of awareness Campaigns on low plastic consumption and
Environmental Hazards of access usage of Plastic would be launched in the
targeted areas of Multan and its Suburb. We plan to conduct one campaign in 7
days with a location gap of minimum 20 KM. Green Carry aims to conduct its
very first awareness campaign 6 months before product launch.
(1) All classes
(2) All age groups
4.6 Industrial Requirement
The company will obtain a permission letter from the Board of Investment with a
specific validity period for opening and running a production plant in Multan
Pakistan. Renewal or extension of the permission to keep the plant running is
also obliged to be obtained from the Board of Investment on the expiry of the

GREEN CARRY
validity period of the permission originally granted. At any time such renewal is
granted, a copy must be handed to the registrar concerned.
5.0 Constraints
5.1 Legal requirements

The company needs to be register with SECP and few mandatory licencing and
certificates listed below must be obtained before initializing the production in the plant.
The charges and delays in fulfilment of all the legal requirements are adjusted in a way
not to affect the project completion deadline.
5.2 Company Registration

a. Certificate from SECP for availability of name – charges RS.1000 with
lead time of 15 days.
b. Submission of 4 sets of Memorandum of Association and Article of
Association to SECP – 90 days after issuance of name availability
Certificate.
c. Submission of Forms – Form – 1 (Declaration of applicant for compliance),
Form – 21 (Notice of situation of registered office of the company) & Form
– 29 (Particulars of first directors of the company – CNIC or passport in
case of foreigner etc.).
d. Original receipt of challan of Rs. 2,000 (in case of online submission Rs.
1,000) deposited in MCB must be attached. These documents need to be
submitted with the registrar of Companies of SECP within 90 days from
the date of issuance of certificate of availability of name.
e. Issuance of Certificate of Incorporation by the registrar of Companies
(Regulatory, 2021).

GREEN CARRY
5.3 Property Registration
Following steps were identified and adjusted that involves registration of the land and
company bought in Multan Industrial Zone.
2. a. Step: 1
3. (1) Obtain the FARD (ownership and non-encumbrance
certificate)
4. (2) Duration: 1 Day
5. (3) Cost: PKR 150
6. b. Step: 2
7. (1) Create sale/purchase agreement using standardized
templates
(2) Duration: 1 Day
(3) Cost: Nil
8. c. Step: 3
9. (1) Payment of the stamp duty, capital value tax, town tax and
registration fee.
(3) Cost: PKR 342,758
11. d. Step: 4
12. (1) Execution & registration of a deed before the registration
authority
13. (2) Duration: 8 Days
14. (3) (Regulatory, 2021)

GREEN CARRY
5.4 Licensing
The company is subject to obtain these licenses from concerned authorities in Pakistan
15. a. National Tax Number (NTN) from FBR
16. b. Sales Tax Number (STN) from FBR
17. c. Intellectual Property Rights (Trademark, copy right, patent etc.)
from IPO-Pakistan.
18. d. Employees Social Security Institution from provincial commissioner.
19. f. Employees Old Age Benefits Institution from EOBI (Regulatory,
2021)
5.5 Certificates
To ensure that our product and procedures are environment friendly the company is
subject to obtain certificate from Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency (PAK-EPA)
5.6 Market demand

The company is offering a product about which there is no potential awareness in the
targeted market. We intend to work from creating a PUSH to having a PULL strategy.
The following factors would affect invariably on the market demand and needed to be
controlled: -
a. Quality. Quality is one of six major constraints of every project, as
depicted in the classic triangle, which also includes scope, time, and cost.
Quality cannot be compromised provided any quick delivery or low-cost
raw material available in the market. The scope is to be fulfilled with a
product of high-quality bio-degradable bags. The constant delivery of high
quality at an affordable rate will help achieving Pull from market.
b. Customer Satisfaction. To satisfy our customers we had offered
design customization and free delivery of samples to our mass market
(Schittekatte & Meeus, 2020). To increase the rate of customer

GREEN CARRY
satisfaction all delays have been minimized by increasing production lags.
We aim to build customer satisfaction by launching awareness campaign
on plastic consumption in local languages. Our mass market customers
can expect a random visit from the company to collect customer feedback
in person or 7/7 from our helpline.
5.7 Industry requirements
20. a. Resources. The availability of all the resources in time to start the
production is important. No delays are to be accepted. To avoid any
potential delays from supplier, Supplier tiering strategy has been used.
This would enable procuring raw material from different suppliers rather
than relying on single source procurement.
21. b. Sustainability. All the chemical compositions of our product must

be regulated and should be environment friendly to ensure industrial
sustainability (Lintukangas et al., 2016). All the residual waste is to be
properly disposed. Availability of direct line from WAPDA to ensure low
load shedding and in case of any generation of electricity using used
cooking oil from Restaurants and animal residual. The above constrained
had been identified and minimize at a considerably high rate.
22. c. Organizational Processes & Structures. All the machinery is

subject to maintenance check every morning before production starts.
Availability of the back-ups in case of any foreseen employee absence.
Identifying employee of the month and a continuous implementation on
rewards on best performances will assure better organizational processes.

GREEN CARRY
23. d. Risk. Out of all risk the Risk of industrial survival is of extreme
importance. To ensure that there are no threats to the substitute product
available from competitor, an inside R&D department will work closely with
Media and Communication department to offer continuous novelty in our
product supply chain.
6.0 Assumptions
Some of the major assumptions are as under: -
a. Payments. All the payments are well settled, and company will offer no
debts.
b. Employee hours. All employees are subject to work other than scheduled
breaks during 8 hours of shift.
c. Covid-19 delays. The production plant will be kept running during any
foreseen closure due to Covid-19.
d. Dollar Rate. The current dollar rate of goods will not fluctuate by more
than 2%.
e. Net Production days. The company is subject to work 200 days in a
year. Any unexpected closure will be accommodated with overtime

GREEN CARRY
7.0 Market Analysis Research
A focus report analysis and customer research had been carried out to determine the
current market size, our opportunity, our competitors, and our competitive advantage.
Based on our product and the market, Ansoff Matrix Analysis was used. The following
model was devised to determine the potential continuous product growth in existing and
potential new market to avoid obsolesce and survive among competitors.
Figure 4: Ansoff Matrix
(1) To Provide affordable and environmentally friendly bio-degradable plastic
bags primarily in Multan and later all-over Pakistan
Pakistan.

GREEN CARRY
To create employment opportunities in Multan and its suburbs by open a
production plant for Green Carry Bags locally
7.1 Market Description
With a population of 212.1 million, Pakistan is an evolving country with a strong return in
manufacturing industries, this has lifted gross domestic product (GDP) growth to $ 270
billion. It is estimated that the market for biodegradable plastics in Pakistan might grow
at a compound annual growth rate of 20% by 2026 (| Ministry of Finance | Government
of Pakistan |, n.d.). On an average an individual in Pakistan consumes one plastic bag
per day, the annual consumption per individual is 365 bags. The population growth rate
of Pakistan is 2.1%. Since the consumption of bags is directly proportional to Population
in Pakistan, we can anticipate increase in demand of plastic bags each year. The ban
on these plastic bags means shifting of all the current demand to biodegradable bags if
available
7.2 Target Market
Our target market is divided into two main sectors, for the manufacturing plant
establishment we target low class society in and around Multan to come and work with
us. On the other hand, to sell the product we target wide range of companies including:
a. General/ Grocery Stores
b. Clothing & Shoe Brands
c. FMCGs packaging
d. Hotels & Restaurants
e. Pharmaceutical Industrial Packaging
Our company’s target is to change the norm of consumption of plastic in Pakistan by not
only introducing bio-degradable bags but also by unique marketing techniques to bring

GREEN CARRY
awareness on plastic pollution to normal layman. No doubt it is not going to be an easy
job as our target market will be full of people being rigid in their ways and where people
give so less of attention to topics like world’s plastic pollution.
7.3 Target Market Structure

Out of Four market structures including (1) perfect competition, (2) pure monopoly, (3)
monopolistic competition, and (4) oligopoly, our Product stands in Monopolistic
Competition since there are many alternate plastic bags available in market but none of
them offers the same unique bio-degradable bag that we offer. This gives us some
ability to control price but due to availability of cheap plastic bags we will not be able to
vary the price greatly. As the Govt is in favour of Biodegradable bags, we will only face
few barriers when penetrating the market. We must focus on the marketing of our
product, telling clients the difference we offer v/s traditional plastic bags (Steele, 1996).
This is further illustrated below: -
Characteristics Monopolistic Competition

Number of firms in market Many, but fewer than perfect competition
Firm’s ability to control price Some
Barriers to entry Few
Product differentiation Emphasis on showing perceived differences in
products
Table 1: Market Characteristics

GREEN CARRY
7.4 Projected growth rate for the product in the area
According to literature for any product 2 to 3 percent growth rate is considered healthy.
For the very first year we aim to stabilize the production and not increase capacity or
product unit. From year 2023 we will be producing 193200 bags more each year giving
growth rate of 5 percent.
"present value - past value / past value = growth rate."
4057200 - 3864000 = 193200/3864000 = 0.05*100 = 5 %
7.5 Competitors for the proposed product
Our Product does not have a lot of competitors due to its unique features of degradability
but still there are few plastic bags industries in Pakistan that have the capability to switch to
degradable bags production now or in foreseen future. Below a brief competition factors
between our product and our competitors’ product can be seen
Competitors in the Industry

Industry Competition Factor
A.H.Y Oasis
Javaid
Plastic Packaging Industry Our
Factors International
Industry Industries Average Company
(Pvt.) Ltd.
(Pvt.) Ltd. (Pvt.) Ltd.
Market Share 4 3 3 3.33 2

Price 2 2 2 2 3
Product Quality 3 3 3 3 4.5
Environmental
1 2 1 1.3 5
Sustainability
Innovation 1 1 1 1 4
Table 2: Competitor Analysis

GREEN CARRY
7.6 Our Competitive advantage
Our Product wins competitive edge when it comes to environment sustainability,
product quality and innovation.
a. Environment Sustainability
These Biodegradable bags are self-destructive within 6 to 8 months keeping
environment healthy. The recent ban by Govt of Pakistan on plastic bags to keep
environment healthy would be a major competitive advantage over our plastic bags
competitors in the market.
b. Innovation
Our manufacturing composition is designed for Oxo-Biodegradable bags. They contain
additives that stimulate speedy polymer break-down, achieving least hazardous
decomposition in the minimum amount of cost and time whereas our competitors lack
behind to supply this innovativeness at an affordable rate.
c. Product Quality
The current available alternatives for plastic bags are not durable and have low
strength. They can easily get ripped or broken, this makes these bags not suitable for
holding pressure or re-using the same bag for several times. Our product is durable and
reusable with good strength.
Figure 5: Competitive Advantage

GREEN CARRY
8.0 Organizational and Technical Assessment
8.1 Proposed organizational structure to support this new product

For this new company we will focus on centralized organizational structure as every employee
will be answerable to single manager and one manager monitor activities of all the departments.
The reason to propose this management style as to support this company due to less resources
and manpower. In this company we need a manager with experience and have degree in
operations and production because this kind of person have flavour of all kind of management
skills. Production manager to control the production process and an engineer who can assist the
manager to operate the machines correctly. Accountant to control the account of the company.
Sales team consist of 5 persons who are locals of surrounding the Multan and 2 marketing
officers to promote the product and proper advertise. 3 worker and 3 guards will be needed for
the company. This section should contain an overview of the current organizational structure in
your company.
8.2 Current management structure

As mentioned earlier this is new company and company will have at least 17 employees and
controlled by one manager it means the management is centralized one manager overview the
sales, accounting, and productions. All the employees report to the manager and manager will
evaluate their performance.
8.3 Recommended management structure to support the new product

According to literature decentralized is best for this kind of production like every depart
have independent manager like sales teams have separate manager, operations
manager should be responsible for all production, financial manager will be answerable
for complete account details. As we are new company have very less resources and
manpower so for some time, we will rely on centralized management structure.

GREEN CARRY
8.4 Condition of current technical infrastructure
The plastic packaging sector is growing industrial segment in Pakistan. The increased
trade and commercial activity in consumer and industrial sectors, changing lifestyle,
increased population and growth in retail business has created a great demand for
supply of plastic bags as most of the consumer sector use plastic bags while delivering
their products to the customer. Pakistan-Environmental Protection Agency (Pak-EPA)
conducted a study that showed that in the early 1990s as many as 12 billion plastic
bags a year were produced in Pakistan. By the years 2007-08, the production went
higher than 55 billion per year. Although our venture is new but it has backing of Green
Carry Pakistan Limited and is supported by policies of Government of Pakistan.
8.5 Technological needs of Green Carry project
For this project we need three machines which can complete the process of production
of biodegradable bags. The first machine is Blow film machine, second machine is
Printing machine or plastic bag printing machine, third and last machine is cutting and
punching machine. These all machines have same level of importance as we cannot
produce a single bag without any of them.
8.6 Technology and equipment purchase plan

The needed technology and machines will be imported from china because china is
famous for its low cost and good quality products. We will contact vender by using
Alibaba.com as this is one of the largest and best website for B2B purchases. We can
check the different venders here and get best price possible for required machinery and
equipment in a sufficiently reliable manner.

GREEN CARRY
8.7 Cost to acquire the technology and equipment
The major equipment need for this project are given below: -
a. Blown Film machine this machine converts the polyethylene into plastic
film this machine costs around PKR 874,000 (Plastic Bag Printing Machine-
Plastic Bag Printing Machine Manufacturers, Suppliers and Exporters on
Alibaba.ComSealing Machines, n.d.)
Figure 6: Blow Film Machine
b. The second machine is plastic bag printing machine which is used to print
the film according to customer requirements. This machine costs around
2,750,000 (Lin, 2018).

GREEN CARRY
Figure 7: Plastic Bag Printing Machine

c. The third machine is used to produce the biodegradable bags is cutting and
punching machine which is used to cut the bag according to required size and
type. This machine costs around 1,139,000 (Cutting And Punching Machine-
Cutting And Punching Machine Manufacturers, Suppliers and Exporters on
Alibaba.ComPunching Machines, n.d.)
Figure 8: Cutting and Punching Machine

GREEN CARRY
9.0 Financial Issues
According to current condition due to Covid-19 the time for this project can be extended
or can be affected the recommended time for this project is given below: -
Start Days to
Task Date of completion
date complete
Arrangement of Capital 2/1/2021 20 2/21/2021
Land acquire 2/21/2021 10 3/3/2021
Building construction 3/3/2021 95 6/6/2021
Bank Loan process 4/1/2021 15 4/16/2021
Machine purchase and delivery 4/4/2021 70 6/13/2021
Machine activation & celebration 6/13/2021 20 7/3/2021
Table 3: Cost Breakdown
Table 4: Project Timeline

GREEN CARRY
As we can see in above chart almost 230 days required to complete this project and
start production. Time is very important and need to manage efficiently and effectively
we try to do all possible activities in parallel to save the time and our cost on this project.
9.1 Start-Up Costs
To estimate the start-up cost for first year, the calculation of cost is given in table below,
according to contract with landlord and other considering other factors of production our
cost to start the production is around 15.7 Million PKR. For this project we need the
following list of items Land 2 canal rent around 70k to 90k par month the major
Operating machines are Blown Film machine cost around 874,000, Plastic bag printing
machine priced around 2,750,000, Side sealing, cutting and punching machine priced
around 1,139,000.
Further cost includes 11% Pakistan custom tax and 5-7% delivery charges for
machinery. The raw material required for first year is costs around 4.5 million PKR. The
total cost detail is given below.
Total Cost for the Project to start the production

Category Currency Amount % of cost
Machines Rupees 4,763,000 30%
Tax and delivery Rupees 715,500 5%
HRM cost Rupees 4836000 31%
Rent yearly Rupees 900000 6%
Raw material Rupees 4,538,940 29%
Total Rupees 15,753,440 100%
Table 5: Project start-up Cost

GREEN CARRY
We can see further percentage distribution of cost in the following pie chart which
represent the cost portions for different elements of this project.
Figure 9: Total Cost Projection

9.2 Operating Costs
The details of the total costs are calculated for the year 2021. If every other thing
remains constant and we work with our 35% of capacity, then we can produce 3.8
million bags on average which costs around 11.4 million including all the costs for
production except capital cost on machinery and start-up cost.
It is estimated that 1 KG of LDPE produces 200 bags and capacity of blow machine is
around 30 kg per hour. If we run our machine at 35% of its capacity, then we can
produce 16800 bags per day.

GREEN CARRY
Year 2021
capacity 35%
Quantity 3,864,000
Cost 4,544,064
Salaries 4,836,000
Electricity bills and
2,100,000
Rent
Total Cost 11,480,064
Price 14,296,800
Table 6: Cost Distribution Figure 10: Raw Materials
The material breakdown and details of required materials are given below;
Material Quantity Price PKR Usage % Usage Unit Cost /200bags
LDPE 1kg 150 79.40% 0.794 Kg 150
Urea 1kg 100 3.17% 0.0317 Kg 3.17
Polyacrylic acid 1kg 162 0.08% 0.00079 Kg 0.12798
Polyacrylate 1kg 5670 0.03% 0.000312 Kg 1.76904
Manganese 1kg 356.4 0.71% 0.0071 Kg 2.53044
Acetic acid 1 Ltr 500 0.79% 0.00794 Ltr 3.97
Wheat Starch 1kg 55 15.80% 0.158 Kg 8.69
100% 170.26
Table 7: Raw Material Cost and Usage

GREEN CARRY
Table 8: Material Usage Pareto Analysis

The price of polyacrylate is highest but its percentage of usage is very low around
0.03%, all the material prices are given below.
Table 9: Raw Material Price Analysis

GREEN CARRY
As we mentioned earlier that we need 17 employees at the start the HRM cost for year
2021 is given below all the salaries are according to Pakistani law.
Estimated monthly Estimated

salary Annual salary
Manager 1 50,000 600,000
Engineer 1 50,000 600,000
Worker 3 60,000 720,000
Salesperson 5 50,000 600,000
Guard 3 48,000 576,000
Total 17 403,000 4,836,000
Table 10: Human Resource Requirement
Table 11: Human Resource Employment Chart

GREEN CARRY
9.3 Revenue Projections

The revenue projections for 3 years are given below, as we assess the coming years
and set prices and increase the factor of production according to history and regulations
of Pakistan.
Electricity Profit
Year capacity Quantity Cost Salaries bills and Total Cost Revenue before
Rent tax
2021 35% 11,480,064 14,296,800
3,864,000 4,544,064 4,836,000 2,100,000 2,816,736
2022 35% 12,415,464 15,069,600
3,864,000 4,544,064 5,561,400 2,310,000 2,654,136
2023 40% 13,703,210 16,228,800
4,057,200 4,998,470 6,117,540 2,587,200 2,525,590
Table 12: Three Year Revenue Projections
In the following chart we can see the portion of revenue in blue colour and profit in
green colour, the orange colour representing the out flow of revenue.
Table 13: Visual Representation of Revenue, Cost and Profit

GREEN CARRY
9.4 Sources of Financing
We have estimated the cost for this project at 15.7 Million PKR. Since it is an innovative
project and needs quick release of money, options of generating funds through
traditional channels of borrowing i.e. Bank financing is not very suitable. We shall be
focusing on funding the project through investors.
9.5 Profitability Analysis

As I mentioned earlier if we work with 35% of our capacity then we can produce 16800
bags per days it will require 5,897,398 units to produce to meet breakeven point. To
produce 5,897,398 units we need 352 days, when we reach at this point our all-capital
expense recovered and after this, we will start generating profit.
Units Revenue Fixed cost Variable cost Total Cost Profit
390000.0 5478500.0 297103.1 5775603.1 -5385603.1
100,000
7800000.0 5478500.0 5942062.1 11420562.1 -3620562.1
2,000,000
15600000.0 5478500.0 11884124.2 17362624.2 -1762624.2
4,000,000
19500000.0 5478500.0 14855155.3 20333655.3 -833655.3
5,000,000
21450000.0 5478500.0 16340670.8 21819170.8 -369170.8
5,500,000
22999852.2 5478500.0 17521352.6 22999852.6 0
5,897,398
25350000.0 5478500.0 19311701.9 24790201.9 559798
6,500,000
29250000.0 5478500.0 22282732.9 27761232.9 1488767.1
7,500,000
37050000.0 5478500.0 28224795.0 33703295.0 3346705.0
9,500,000
40950000.0 5478500.0 31195826.1 36674326.1 4275673.9
10,500,000
Table 14: Break-even Analysis

PROFIT SUMMARY

GREEN CARRY
Unit sold 5,897,399
Price per bag 3.9
Revenue 22999856.1
Fixed cost 5478500
Variable cost
2.971031056 17521355.58
per bag
Total cost 22999855.58
Profit 0.521962732
Table 15: Profit Summary Figure 11: Product Visualization
Table 16: Breakeven Analysis Graph

GREEN CARRY
10.0 Risk of Proposed Solution
Risk Area Risk Factors Probabili Impact Priority Owner
Functional/ Brief description ty Rating
Technical
products
Table 16: Risk Assessment Chart

GREEN CARRY
11.0 Risk Assessment
Following methods are proposed on how to reduce and mitigate
the potential foreseen risk w.r.t customer, product, resource,
technical, timing, finance, marketing, and industry. Our initial
focus was on the risks that have high impact on the product.
Risk Factors Probability Impact Priority
Brief description Rating Owner
1-10
Customization of the moderate low 6 R&D
product without initial
Mitigation Strategy. The identified risk was associated with customization of a

bag when no prototype or CAD had been provided. In this case we plan to
outsource and find a third party to design the CAD of product, the design will then
be forwarded to customer, upon receiving green light the product will be
manufactured and customer will be charged extra if the manufactured product has
design defects due to low concentration given when green light was received
against CAD file. The selection of 3rd party will be done based on best offer against
our RFQ. In a long run we plan to establish CAD department in the organization.

1-10
Less or no urge to buy high high 1 Marketing
due to traditional
plastic bag use
Mitigation Strategy. The product offered will be cheap as compare to other bio-
degradable bags, but it cannot be as cheap and common as a traditional plastic

GREEN CARRY
bag. We need to bring awareness in people about consumption of plastic and its
hazards. We plan to run awareness campaigns in the suburb of Multan in the local
language of people, this would help shifting trend from plastic bags to our product.
1-10
Import of machinery low high 2 Procurement
from China for Plant & SCM
installation
Mitigation Strategy. The machinery is to be imported from China for plant

installation due to changing trends world-wide because of Covid-19, We have
decided as a plan B to make and install machinery nationally. The difference in
price is relatively low but we might compromise machine maintenance and
warranty claims. Later in coming 10 years we can then devise new ways to replace
the old machinery with imported machines step by step.
1-10
Correct chemical low high 3 R&D
composition for new
products
Mitigation Strategy. The correct composition of the chemical mixture for all the
product variety is required highly. For the verification of all the composition and
new potential chemical composition of product a team of Chemist qualified from
GC-Lahore along Chemical Engineers from UET and Nust had been hired. Due
to some personal references a department has been attributed to test all the
compositions at PCSIR Pakistan.

GREEN CARRY
11.5 Timing
1-10
Bulk manufacturing moderate moderate 4 Maintenance
being affected by load
shedding and out of
order machines
Mitigation Strategy. To avoid load shedding delays and high cost of generators
running from Petrol. A letter was written to WAPDA to supply special electrical
lines with no/less load shedding. As a plan B a generator is to be installed by a
local vendor that runs with Animal residuals. Also, A lag of 1 week is
accommodated in each production run.
1-10
Keeping an eye on high low 7 Media &
new market trends Communication
Mitigation Strategy. To keep an eye on new market trends and our competitors’
product, we plan to have monthly presentation meetings with Media and
communication department. The best presentation would win 2000 PKR and/or
11.7 Finance
1-10
Availability of cheap moderate moderate 5 Finance and
but hazardous R&D
alternatives

GREEN CARRY
Mitigation Strategy. The finance department must work closely with R&D when
it comes to allocating budget for raw material procurement. The current market
is full of cheap material alternatives that can prove to be harmful upon
decomposition of waste product. We cannot afford to have cheap alternatives
unless approved by our R&D department.
1-10
Check and balance on moderate high 8 Stakeholders
legal documentation of
the land located for
plant
Mitigation Strategy. Since property rights and corruption rates are quite high in
Pakistan, we plan to hire legal adviser and have already established contacts
with lawyers to ease the process of buying land and opening a production plant
in Multan. All the permissions must flow through Board of Investment Pakistan
11.9 Other
This section should contain detail regarding the risks associated with other factors that were not
identified in sections 11.1 thru 11.8.

GREEN CARRY
12.0 Conclusion
Plastics are everywhere and are used in almost all areas of the modern-day life. It is
used for wrapping items, making of cutleries, bottles, food containers, clothes,
wearables, vehicle parts, electronics, and furniture among many other things. Their
wide usage is because of their versatility in 3D modelling, durability, and ease of work
within various manufacturing and production processes (Conserve Energy Future |
Green and sustainable living, 2020). However, excessive consumption of single use
plastic has caused non-treatable plastic waste issues. Recycling and waste
management procedures are not only expensive but are complex and require huge
capital investment. In under-developed countries, use of low-cost cheap plastic bags
has become a norm.
Green Carry intends to change that norm by introducing bio-degradable bags in less
developed areas of Pakistan. By centrally locating its production facilities in Multan and
by using latest research in the field of sustainable/ bio-degradable plastics, Green Carry
intends to bring in a positive change in consumer patterns that will not only help protect
environment but will also create awareness about plastic pollution among masses. By
adopting proactive media campaign and flexible marketing techniques, Green Carry
shall be able to capture sizeable portion of existing consumer market demand by end
2022 to ensure profitability and suitable returns to our investors.
secure your environmental, social and economic interests.

GREEN CARRY
13.0 Reference List
| Ministry of Finance | Government of Pakistan |. (n.d.). Retrieved May 22, 2020,
from http://www.finance.gov.pk/survey_1819.html
Cutting And Punching Machine-Cutting And Punching Machine Manufacturers,
Suppliers and Exporters on Alibaba.comPunching Machines. (n.d.).
Kumar, S., Singh, P., Gupta, S. K., Ali, J., & Baboota, S. (2020). Biodegradable
and Recyclable Packaging Materials: A Step Towards a Greener Future. In
Encyclopedia of Renewable and Sustainable Materials. Elsevier Ltd.
https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-803581-8.10934-8
Lin, O. C. C. (2018). ALIBABA GROUP. In Innovation and Entrepreneurship.
https://doi.org/10.1142/9789813146617_0025
Lintukangas, K., Kähkönen, A. K., & Ritala, P. (2016). Supply risks as drivers of
green supply management adoption. Journal of Cleaner Production, 112,
1901–1909. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2014.10.089
Plastic Bag Printing Machine-Plastic Bag Printing Machine Manufacturers,
Suppliers and Exporters on Alibaba.comSealing Machines. (n.d.).
Rujnić-Sokele, M., & Pilipović, A. (2017). Challenges and opportunities of
biodegradable plastics: A mini review. Waste Management and Research,
35(2), 132–140. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734242X16683272
Schittekatte, T., & Meeus, L. (2020). Flexibility markets: Q&A with project
pioneers. Utilities Policy, 63(February), 101017.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jup.2020.101017
Shao, J., & Ünal, E. (2019). What do consumers value more in green
purchasing? Assessing the sustainability practices from demand side of
business. Journal of Cleaner Production, 209, 1473–1483.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.11.022
Steele, P. (1996). Profitable Purchasing Strategies: A Manager’s Guide for

GREEN CARRY
Improving Organizational Competitiveness Through the Skills of Purchasing.
235.
http://books.google.ch/books/about/Profitable_Purchasing_Strategies.html?i
d=Wt5qQgAACAAJ&pgis=1
The economic context of Pakistan - Economic and Political Overview - Nordea
Trade Portal. (n.d.). Retrieved November 17, 2020, from
https://www.nordeatrade.com/dk/explore-new-market/pakistan/economical-
context
United Nations. (2019). Sustainable Development Goals: Sustainable
Development Knowledge Platform. In Sustainabledevelopment.Un.Org.
Yousafzai, M. T., Nawaz, M., Xin, C., Tsai, S. B., & Lee, C. H. (2020).
Sustainability of waste picker sustainopreneurs in Pakistan’s informal solid
waste management system for cleaner production. Journal of Cleaner
Production, 267, 121913. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.121913

GREEN CARRY
14.0 Tables and Figures
List of Tables
Table Page
1 Market Characteristics 19
2 Competitor Analysis 20
3 Cost Breakdown 26
4 Project Timeline 26
5 Project Start-up Cost 27
6 Cost Distribution 29
7 Raw Material Cost and Usage 29
8 Material Usage Pareto Analysis 30
9 Raw Material Price Analysis 30
10 Human Resource Requirements 31
11 Human Resource Employment Chart 31
12 Three Year Revenue Projections 32
13 Visual Representation of Revenue and Profit 32
14 Breakeven Analysis 33
15 Profit Summary 34
16 Risk Assessment Chart 34

GREEN CARRY
List of Figures
Figure Page
1 Product visual description 6
2 Triple constraint 10
3 Project Assumptions 16
4 Ansoff matrix 17
5 Competitive Advantage 21
6 Blow Film Machine 24
7 Plastic bag printing machine 25
8 Cutting and punching machine 25
9 Total cost projection 29
10 Breakeven Analysis Graph 33
11 Product visualization 34

Annex - D
GREEN CARRY
Project Charter

Customer M. Adil Amin Kazi Prepared Manager Communications
bility
Manager Risk Mgt:

Ashfaq Khan


GREEN CARRY
Created by: Manager Communication Created on 05 Jan 2021

- - Initial document created Created by Manager
and shared with Project Communication Mgt
manager
06 Jan 2021 Project Added Project Opportunity Marked to Manager
Manager Statement and Drivers Communication Mgt
08 Jan 2021 Manager Input related to project Marked to Project
Communication stakeholders added Manager
Mgt
09 Jan 2021 Project Included Project Objectives Marked to Manager
Manager and Assumptions Schedule & Cost Mgt
11 Jan 2021 Manager Included Product and Marked to Manager
Schedule & Project Assessment Communication Mgt
Cost Mgt
12 Jan 2021 Manager Historical Information Marked to Manager QA
Communication included
Mgt
13 Jan 2021 Manager QA Draft reviewed and found Marked to Project Project

GREEN CARRY
Project Charter Roadmap
1.0 PROJECT OVERVIEW ...........................................................................................................................................5

2.0 OPPORTUNITY STATEMENT ........................................................................................................................... 130
3.0 OPPORTUNITY DRIVERS .....................................................................................................................................7
4.0 PROJECT STAKEHOLDERS............................................................................................................................. 132
5.0 PROJECT TEAM MEMBERS ............................................................................................................................. 133
6.0 PROJECT OBJECTIVES.................................................................................................................................... 133
7.0 PROJECT JUSTIFICATION ............................................................................................................................... 133
8.0 PROJECT GOALS ............................................................................................................................................. 134
9.0 PROJECT SCOPE.............................................................................................................................................. 134
10.0 PRODUCT SCOPE ............................................................................................................................................ 135
11.0 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION ................................................................................................................................ 136
12.0 CONSTRAINTS AND ASSUMPTIONS ............................................................................................................. 137
13.0 HISTORICAL INFORMATION ........................................................................................................................... 142
14.0 RISK ASSESSMENT ......................................................................................................................................... 143
15.0 PROJECT ASSESSMENT................................................................................................................................. 149
16.0 FORMAL ACCEPTANCE .................................................................................................................................. 150

GREEN CARRY
1.0 Project Overview
1.1 Who Are We
Biodegradable plastics are plastics that can be decomposed by the action of living
organisms, usually microbes, into water, carbon dioxide, and biomass. We, a small
team of entrepreneurs propose a solution by offering bio-degradable plastic bags in an
adorable variety, within price range of common citizens to change the societal behavior
with our primary target in Multan and secondary all-around Pakistan. We offer green
solutions along with employment and business opportunities for shops and plastic bags
retailers.
With an initial investment as little as 11.21 million rupees broken down into 50% of this
investment by Sponsor and 30% from Bank Loan 5 years plan, 20% Equity. The break-
even is achievable in less than 5 years with a very decent ROI of 0.2147.
1.2 Our Aim
packaging materials in South Punjab/Multan into bio-degradable and environment
environment, society, and economy (Shao & Ünal, 2019), with our following achievable:
(1) To Provide affordable and environmentally friendly bio-degradable
plastic bags primarily in Multan and later all-over Pakistan.
Pakistan.
(1) To create employment opportunities in Multan and its suburbs by
open a production plant for Green Carry Bags locally
1.3 Our Goal
We target to work at 35% of our capacity, we can produce 16800 bags per days it will
require 5,897,398 units to produce to meet breakeven point. To produce 5,897,398 units

GREEN CARRY
we need 352 days, when we reach at this point our all-capital expense recovered and
after this, we will start generating profit.
1.4 Our Market
It is estimated that the market for biodegradable plastics in Pakistan might grow at a
compound annual growth rate of 20% by 2026 (| Ministry of Finance | Government of
Pakistan |, n.d.). Initially we aim to work on early market PUSH to later market PULL
Strategy. A series of awareness Campaigns on low plastic consumption and
Environmental Hazards of access usage of Plastic would be launched in the targeted
areas of Multan and its Suburb. To satisfy our customers we had offered design
customization and free delivery of samples to our mass market.
1.5 Our Sustainability
To ensure that there are no threats to the substitute product available from competitor,
an inside R&D department will work closely with Media and Communication department
to offer continuous novelty in our product supply chain. All the payments are well
settled, and company will offer no debts. Based on our product and the market, Ansoff
Matrix Analysis was used. The following model (discussed later) was devised to
determine the potential continuous product growth in existing and potential new market
to avoid obsolesce and survive among competitors.
1.6 Our Promise To Investors
secure your environmental, social and economic interests (MZ, 2021).
Together We Go Green

GREEN CARRY
2.0 Opportunity Statement
Green Carry is going to introduce a product that aligns with Govt. of Pakistan’s agenda
to stop pollution. Since the legal ban on plastic bags has been implemented, our Govt.
is looking for a better and suitable alternative, Green Carry is here to fill the Gap. It will
not take us long to present our Brand as a sole alternative available in Market at
affordable expense. All the users of plastic bags tend to be shifted to our product. We
estimate on an average, consumption of 3 million biodegradable bags. Let’s discuss the
key opportunities in this context!
2.1 Environment Sustainability
Unlike other countries, in under develop countries like Pakistan, low attention is given to
environment. With an increasing rate of literacy in Pakistan, in coming years we can
expect more awareness in Public about issues like environment pollution. We are
struggling towards “PARA LIKHA PAKISTAN”, our product is to make revenue by
educating people on issues like plastic consumption. The goal is to make Pakistan
green and clean. We aim to achieve the desired outcome by generating an
exponentially profitable organization.
2.2 Less Substitutes
The Consumption of plastic bags in an everyday life of an individual in Pakistan is
normal. The ban introduced on these bags is recent and the market lacks better
alternative than plastic bags. This makes for Green Carry the right time to launch its bio-
degradable product and shift the old plastic bag market towards their product. Having a
lot of options on the plate always divides the potential customers, but we secure a good
reputation in this respect. Green Carry works on the principle of continuous
improvement and that is why we aim to establish R&D department which will work hand
in hand with our Media and Marketing to avoid any threats to market survival.
2.3 Access to Local labor
Closure of Plastic bag industry have left many people starve. The qualified people lack
job as well. We at Green Carry will open local job opportunities and on-site training.

GREEN CARRY
Opening a plant in Suburbs of Multan will enable access to cheap labor. Due to
joblessness the salary expectations are really low in Pakistan as compare to other
countries. Making locals work on site will also ease the process of bringing awareness
in the society.
2.4 Government Support
Our target is to introduce an environment savior product. Our agenda of making
Pakistan green will smoothen the process of plant establishment in Multan. The
Government of Pakistan is to support our launch and can help avoiding any unexpected
circumstances that involves Land buying or inter organizational disputes.
3.0 Opportunity Drivers
New Customer New Technology Joint Venture Business Need
Existing Customer Market Demand Legal Requirement Other

Request
3.1 Legal Requirement

The recent ban implemented by the Govt of Pakistan on consumption of plastic bags,
played key driver role to introduce environment friendly biodegradable bags as
alternative. The Project has the capability to pass the entire current Govt ban against
plastic bags.
3.2 Business Need
The Ban affected number of plastic bags producers in the market. Plastic bags industry
was facing business crises and for Green Carry it became another driver to increase
chances of successful launch of new durable, environment friendly product.
3.3 New Technology
The availability of environment friendly bags is extremely high in West. In Pakistan and
other Asian Countries, the trends are changing too. To compete with the worlds’ latest
technology for plastic replacements bags, the new technology must be brought in

GREEN CARRY
Pakistan to participate in Global Continuous Improvement.
4.0 Project Stakeholders

As participation of different organizations, entities and groups of people gets
increasingly embedded in projects, it becomes ever more crucial for decision-makers to
understand who is affected by the decisions and actions they take, and who has the
power to influence their outcome. Requirement to engage stakeholders in organizational
strategy and project design is a key priority. Stakeholder engagement is not about
giving them a list of options to choose from – it’s about their views, needs and ideas that
shall shape those options and the services that flow from them.
INTERNAL STAKEHOLDERS
Name Role
Project Sponsor Funding & Sponsoring
Project team Project conception and implementation
Support staff Assist project implementation
Internal customers Initial demand and feedback
Senior Management Strategic management, setting objectives
EXTERNAL STAKEHOLDERS
Name Role
Government Policy Framework
Regulators Implementation of Govt Policies
External customers Demand generation
Competitors Marketing mix and pricing
Suppliers SCM/ logistics efficiency
District Administration Administrative control & assistance
Environmental Protection Agencies Implementation of EPA Rules & Policies
Electronic & Print Media Projection of sustainable solutions

GREEN CARRY
5.0 Project Team Members
Name Role
Rutan Polymers and Group Raw Material Supplier
Wiin Taug Machinery Supplier
6.0 Project Objectives

Key objectives of Green Carry initiative are -
1. Create awareness to reduce non-degradable plastic bags usage in Pakistan.
2. Provide affordable and environmentally friendly biodegradable plastic bags.
3. Raise initial capital of Rs.20 Million for execution of Greenfield project.
4. Establish product-manufacturing facility in Multan by end 2021.
7.0 Project Justification

The first and biggest justification of this project is there is demand is demand of bio
bags in market and it should be satisfied. If we take first mover advantage than it will
make this project very profitable. No project is risk free, so we must take this risk, but

GREEN CARRY
this risk is calculated.
1. Government ban traditional plastic bags so we need replacement, and we will
introduce biobags.
2. There is no plant for biodegradable bags in South Punjab or Northern Sindh.
3. These bags will protect environment, reduce energy use and are recycle-able.
4. The paper bags can be alternative but cannot replace the biodegradable plastics.
8.0 Project Goals

The goals of this project are given below: -
1. Create awareness to reduce non-degradable plastic bags usage in Pakistan.
2. Provide affordable and environmentally friendly biodegradable plastic bags.
3. Raise initial capital of Rs.20 Million for execution of Greenfield project.
4. Establish product-manufacturing facility in Multan by end 2021.
9.0 Project Scope

environment, society, and economy. The first and biggest justification of this project is
that there is demand of biodegradable bags in market and it should be satisfied. If we
take first mover advantage than it will make this project very profitable. No project is risk
free, so we must take this risk, but this risk is calculated.
1. Government banned traditional plastic bags so we need replacement, and we will
introduce biobags.
2. There is no plant for biodegradable bags in South Punjab or Northern Sindh.
3. These bags will protect environment, reduce energy use and are recycle-able.

GREEN CARRY
4. The paper bags can be alternative but cannot replace the biodegradable plastics
10.0 Product Scope

The foundation of this product lays on the environmental factor everyone wants to
protect the environment, but no one do anything for environut specially in Pakistan, as
government take initiative to protect environment, so we are ready to play our role in
this initiative.
1. Bio-degradable bags will easily degrade when exposed to external environment.
2. Oxo-Biodegradable bags contain additives that stimulate speedy polymer break-
down, achieving least hazardous decomposition in the minimum amount of cost
and time.
3. We offer solution not only in different sizes but also in a bundle of varieties at an
affordable rate.
4. We have an edge as compare to our potential competitors by offering make to
order product range like; Shopping Bags, Bin bags, Industrial Packaging Bags,
Keep it cold-Grocery Bags, Storage Bags.
10.1. Manufacturing Composition
These will be mixed at 200 degree Celsius at around screw speed of 250 RPM.
The exact composition of how and when they will be mixed is hereby not disclosed to
prevent copywrites / product patents.
1. low-density polyethylene (LDPE)
2. Mediator for Urea
a. Coupling agent from polyacrylic acid
b. Radical from dicotyl peroxide (DCP)
c. Accelerator manganese stearate
d. Plasticizer Dioctyl phthalate (DOP)
e. Catalyst Acetic Acid and Lactic acid

GREEN CARRY
11.0 Product Description
We, a small team of entrepreneurs propose a solution by offering bio-degradable plastic
bags in an adorable variety, within price range of common citizens to change the
societal behaviour with our primary target in Multan and secondary all around Pakistan.
We offer green solutions along with employment and business opportunities for shops
and plastic bags retailers.
6. Product Description
We intend to manufacture Bio-degradable bags by opening a plant in Multan.
These bags will easily degrade when exposed to external environment.
7. Nature of Solution
We intend to work on Oxo-Biodegradable bags. They contain additives that
stimulate speedy polymer break-down, achieving least hazardous decomposition
in the minimum amount of cost and time.
8. Product Variety
We offer solution not only in different sizes but also in a bundle of varieties at an
affordable rate. We have an edge as compare to our potential competitors by
offering make to order product range. You bring the design, and we manufacture
it for you. Some of our products will include: -
a. Shopping Bags
b. Bin bags
c. Industrial Packaging Bags
d. Keep it cold-Grocery Bags
e. Storage Bags
9. Manufacturing Composition
These will be mixed at 200 degree Celsius at around screw speed of 250 RPM.

GREEN CARRY
The exact composition of how and when they will be mixed is hereby not
disclosed to prevent copywrites / product patents.
a. low-density polyethylene (LDPE)
b. Mediator for Urea
c. Coupling agent from polyacrylic acid
d. Radical from dicotyl peroxide (DCP)
e. Accelerator manganese stearate
f. Plasticizer Dioctyl phthalate (DOP)
g. Catalyst Acetic Acid and Lactic acid
12.0 Constraints and Assumptions

12.1 Legal requirements
The company needs to be register with SECP and few mandatory licencing and
certificates listed below must be obtained before initializing the production in the plant.
The charges and delays in fulfilment of all the legal requirements are adjusted in a way
not to affect the project completion deadline.
12.2 Company Registration

a. Certificate from SECP for availability of name – charges RS.1000 with lead
time of 15 days.
b. Submission of 4 sets of Memorandum of Association and Article of
Association to SECP – 90 days after issuance of name availability
Certificate.
c. Submission of Forms – Form – 1 (Declaration of applicant for compliance),
Form – 21 (Notice of situation of registered office of the company) & Form –
29 (Particulars of first directors of the company – CNIC or passport in case of
foreigner etc.).

GREEN CARRY
d. Original receipt of challan of Rs. 2,000 (in case of online submission Rs.
1,000) deposited in MCB must be attached. These documents need to be
submitted with the registrar of Companies of SECP within 90 days from the
date of issuance of certificate of availability of name.
e. Issuance of Certificate of Incorporation by the registrar of Companies
(Regulatory, 2021).
24. 12.3 Property Registration
Following steps were identified and adjusted that involves registration of the land and
company bought in Multan Industrial Zone.
25. a. Step: 1
26. (1) Obtain the FARD (ownership and non-encumbrance certificate)
28. (3) Cost: PKR 150
29. b. Step: 2
30. (1) Create sale/purchase agreement using standardized templates
32. (3) Cost: Nil
33. c. Step: 3
34. (1) Payment of stamp duty, capital value tax, town tax and registration
fee.
36. (3) Cost: PKR 342,758
37. d. Step: 4
38. (1) Execution & registration of a deed before the registration authority
39. (2) Duration: 8 Days
40. (3) (Regulatory, 2021)
12.4 Licensing
The company is subject to obtain these licenses from concerned authorities in Pakistan

GREEN CARRY
41. a. National Tax Number (NTN) from FBR
42. b. Sales Tax Number (STN) from FBR
43. c. Intellectual Property Rights (Trademark, copy right, patent etc.) from IPO-
Pakistan.
44. d. Employees Social Security Institution from provincial commissioner.
45. f. Employees Old Age Benefits Institution from EOBI (Regulatory, 2021)
12.5 Certificates
To ensure that our product and procedures are environment friendly the company is
subject to obtain certificate from Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency (PAK-EPA).
12.6 Market demand

The company is offering a product about which there is no potential awareness in the
targeted market. We intend to work from creating a PUSH to having a PULL strategy.
The following factors would affect invariably on the market demand and needed to be
controlled: -
46. a. Quality. Quality is one of six major constraints of every project, as
depicted in the classic triangle, which also includes scope, time, and cost.
Quality cannot be compromised provided any quick delivery or low-cost raw
material available in the market. The scope is to be fulfilled with a product of
high-quality bio-degradable bags. The constant delivery of high quality at an
affordable rate will help achieving Pull from market.
47. b. Customer Satisfaction. To satisfy our customers we had offered
design customization and free delivery of samples to our mass market
(Schittekatte & Meeus, 2020). To increase the rate of customer satisfaction
all delays have been minimized by increasing production lags. We aim to
build customer satisfaction by launching awareness campaign on plastic
consumption in local languages. Our mass market customers can expect a

GREEN CARRY
random visit from the company to collect customer feedback in person or 7/7
from our helpline.
12.7 Industry requirements

48. a. Resources. The availability of all the resources in time to start the
production is important. No delays are to be accepted. To avoid any potential
delays from supplier, Supplier tiering strategy has been used. This would
enable procuring raw material from different suppliers rather than relying on
single source procurement.
49. b. Sustainability. All the chemical compositions of our product must be
regulated and should be environment friendly to ensure industrial
sustainability (Lintukangas et al., 2016). All the residual waste is to be
properly disposed. Availability of direct line from WAPDA to ensure low load
shedding and in case of any generation of electricity using used cooking oil
from Restaurants and animal residual. The above constrained had been
identified and minimize at a considerably high rate.
50. c. Organizational Processes & Structures. All the machinery is subject to
maintenance check every morning before production starts. Availability of the
back-ups in case of any foreseen employee absence. Identifying employee
of the month and a continuous implementation on rewards on best
performances will assure better organizational processes.
51. d. Risk. Out of all risk the Risk of industrial survival is of extreme
importance. To ensure that there are no threats to the substitute product
available from competitor, an inside R&D department will work closely with
Media and Communication department to offer continuous novelty in our
product supply chain.

GREEN CARRY
12.8 Miscellaneous Assumptions
Some of the major assumptions are as under: -
52. a. Payments. All the payments are well settled, and company will offer no
debts.
53. b. Employee hours. All employees are subject to work other than scheduled
breaks during 8 hours of shift.
54. c. Covid-19 delays. The production plant will be kept running during any
foreseen closure due to Covid-19.
55. d. Dollar Rate. Current dollar rate of goods will not fluctuate by more than
2%.
56. e. Net Production days. The company is subject to work 200 days in a
year. Any unexpected closure will be accommodated with overtime

GREEN CARRY
13.0 Historical Information
Before mastering monomers obtained from refining oil (starting from the 1930s) several
objects used in daily life were manufactured using biobased polymers. The resources
used were natural rubber (discovered in the 18th century), cellulose with Parkesine,
Celluloid, milk components like casein which resulted in the manufacturing of Galalith in
1897 or even Cellophane developed in 1912 by Brandenbergerat.
Decades later in 1947, Rilsan (or Polyamide 11) was the first technical bioplastic
introduced on the market, with its excellent mechanical properties and chemical
resistance. It was then followed in the 1990s by bioplastics which are well-known today,
PLA, PHAs or even plasticised starches which benefited from the rapid technical
advances in green chemistry and white chemistry in recovery of biomass (starches,
sugars, cellulose, etc.). In addition to biobased and/or biodegradable polymers which
are created regularly like PEF, the main developments are based on the diversification
of the resources used to produce these materials, with the essential part of the work
being focused on the reclamation of by-products or waste material from various
biomasses. Bio-degradable plastic bags have been divided into following categories:
d. The traditional Bio-degradable bags were made of polymeric matrix from heavy
metals like Zinc, cadmium and beryllium which could be hazardous when
decomposed.
e. Another type of these bags was introduced that contained polymers combined
with PLA (polylactic acid). it was less hazardous but reportedly had very high
degradation duration.
f. Oxo-degradable plastics are simply conventional plastics with additives called
Prodegredants that accelerate the oxidation process.

GREEN CARRY
14.0 Risk Assessment
Risk Area Risk Factors Probabili Impact Priority Owner

Functional/ Brief description ty Rating
Technical
products

GREEN CARRY
Following methods are proposed on how to reduce and mitigate the potential foreseen risk w.r.t customer,
product, resource, technical, timing, finance, marketing, and industry. Our initial focus was on the risks that have
high impact on the product.
Customization of the product moderate low 6 R&D

without initial design from
customers
Mitigation Strategy. The identified risk was associated with customization of a bag when no prototype or CAD had been
provided. In this case we plan to outsource and find a third party to design the CAD of product, the design will then be
forwarded to customer, upon receiving green light the product will be manufactured and customer will be charged extra if
the manufactured product has design defects due to low concentration given when green light was received against CAD
file. The selection of 3rd party will be done based on best offer against our RFQ. In a long run we plan to establish CAD
department in the organization.

GREEN CARRY
Less or no urge to buy due to high high 1 Marketing
traditional plastic bag use
Mitigation Strategy. The product offered will be cheap as compare to other bio-degradable bags, but it cannot be as
cheap and common as a traditional plastic bag. We need to bring awareness in people about consumption of plastic and its
hazards. We plan to run awareness campaigns in the suburb of Multan in the local language of people, this would help
shifting trend from plastic bags to our product.
Import of machinery from China for low high 2 Procurement & SCM
Plant installation
Mitigation Strategy. The machinery is to be imported from China for plant installation due to changing trends world-wide
because of Covid-19, We have decided as a plan B to make and install machinery nationally. The difference in price is
relatively low but we might compromise machine maintenance and warranty claims. Later in coming 10 years we can then
devise new ways to replace the old machinery with imported machines step by step.

GREEN CARRY
Correct chemical composition for low high 3 R&D
new products
Mitigation Strategy. The correct composition of the chemical mixture for all the product variety is required highly. For the
verification of all the composition and new potential chemical composition of product a team of Chemist qualified from GC-
Lahore along Chemical Engineers from UET and Nust had been hired. Due to some personal references a department
has been attributed to test all the compositions at PCSIR Pakistan.
14.5 Timing
Bulk manufacturing being affected moderate moderate 4 Maintenance

by load shedding and out of order
machines
Mitigation Strategy. To avoid load shedding delays and high cost of generators running from Petrol. A letter was written
to WAPDA to supply special electrical lines with no/less load shedding. As a plan B a generator is to be installed by a
local vendor that runs with Animal residuals. Also, A lag of 1 week is accommodated in each production run.
Brief description Owner
1-10

GREEN CARRY
Keeping an eye on new market trends high low 7 Media &
Communication
Mitigation Strategy. To keep an eye on new market trends and our competitors’ product, we plan to have monthly
presentation meetings with Media and communication department. The best presentation would win 2000 PKR and/or
14.7 Finance
Owner
Brief description 1-10
Availability of cheap but hazardous moderate moderate 5 Finance and R&D
alternatives
Mitigation Strategy. The finance department must work closely with R&D when it comes to allocating budget for raw
material procurement. The current market is full of cheap material alternatives that can prove to be harmful upon
decomposition of waste product. We cannot afford to have cheap alternatives unless approved by our R&D department.
Check and balance on legal moderate high 8 Stakeholders
documentation of the land located

GREEN CARRY
for plant
Mitigation Strategy. Since property rights and corruption rates are quite high in Pakistan, we plan to hire legal adviser
and have already established contacts with lawyers to ease the process of buying land and opening a production plant in
Multan. All the permissions must flow through Board of Investment Pakistan

149
GREEN CARRY
15.0 Project Assessment

This project offers a potential solution on how to stop non de-gradable plastic
bags consumption. It offers an environment friendly alternative of Bio-degradable
Bags, taking full responsibility of its manufacturing and distribution along with
providing awareness in the society about plastic bags and bending their needs
towards green solution. This Project has been designed to meet global trend of
Bio-degrade bags and compliance requirements of Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA).
Project will transform existing demand for single use plastic bags into that
of bio-degradable and environmentally friendly green carry bags/ packaging
products, ultimately contributing towards better environment, society, and
economy. With an initial investment as little as 11.21 million rupees broken down
into 50% of this investment by Sponsor and 30% from Bank Loan 5 years plan,
20% Equity. The break-even is achievable in less than 5 years with a very decent
ROI of 0.2147.
Three Year Revenue projections (All figures are in multiples of 1000 Rupees)
Electricity Total Profit
Year capacity Quantity Cost Salaries Revenue
bills and Rent Cost before tax
2021 35% 3,864 2,100 11,480 14,296 2,816
4,544 4,836
2022 35% 3,864 2,310 12,415 15,069 2,654
4,544 5,561
2023 40% 4,057 2,587 13,703 16,228 2,525
4,998 6,117
Our project is designed to develop commercial solution to a social problem

while safeguarding business interests of our investors. Bio-degradable products
are the future of industry and are in line with United Nations Organization
Sustainability Development Goals (United Nations, 2019). It’s best time to join

150
GREEN CARRY
hands with Green Carry to secure business interests.
GREEN YELLOW RED
16.0 Formal Acceptance

SIGNATURE DISCLAIMER
By signing below, you confirm that you have read all the contents of the Project
Charter and subsidiary plans and agree to the aforementioned details. By your
signature, you endorse this project and commit to support the project team in its
aim to achieve the stated goals and objectives. Your approval will be required
if/when the project baseline changes.
Mehak Abbas Zaidi (Project Manager)
Signed XXXXXXXXXXX
Muhammad Adil Amin Kazi (Project Sponsor)
Tabish Alwari
General Secretary Multan Chamber of Commerce & Industry (Customer)

151
GREEN CARRY
PROJECT MANAGEMNT PLAN
(FOR ACADEMIC PURPOSES ONLY)
DISCLAIMER:
All product names, logos, and brands are property of their respective owners.
Use of their name is for identification purposes only and does not imply
endorsement. Similarly, data, processes and evaluations used in the study are
based on rough approximations for educational purposes and authors do not
take any responsibility for their actual use.
View publication stats

Project Management Plan

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Project Management Plan

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.

Project Management Plan - Green Carry Biodegradable Plastic Bags

Technical Report · March 2022

Ashfaq Khan Muhammad Junaid Murtaza

SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE

Mobile Phone Productivity Enhancement Concept View project

The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file.

PROJECT MANAGEMNT PLAN

(FOR ACADEMIC PURPOSES ONLY)

Project Green Carry Project P01-Team Green

Manager Risk Mgt:

Manager Communication Mgt:

Document Change History

Created by: Manager Communication Created on 26 Jan 2021

1.0 Project Overview ...................................................................... ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.

2.0 Opportunity Drivers ................................................................. ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.

3.0 Project Methodology ............................................................................................................................. 7

4.0 Project Scope Management Plan ...................................................................................................... 10

5.0 Project Time Management Plan ......................................................................................................... 16

6.0 Project Communication Management Plan ...................................................................................... 18

6.1 Responsibility Assignment Matrix (Ram) ........................................................................................................ 24

7.0 Project Quality Management Plan ..................................................................................................... 26

8.0 Project Change Control Management Process ................................................................................ 32

9.0 Project Cost Management Plan ......................................................................................................... 34

10.0 Project Human Resource Management Plan ................................................................................. 44

11.0 Approval Procedure .......................................................................................................................... 46

12.0 Project Risk Management Plan ........................................................................................................ 47

13.0 Project Assessment .......................................................................................................................... 53

14. Formal Acceptance ............................................................................................................................. 54

1.0 Project Overview

New Customer New Technology Joint Venture Business Need

Existing Customer Market Demand Legal Requirement Other

2.1 Legal Requirement

3.0 Project Methodology

Initial Stage Growth Stage

3.2 Project Phases

3.3 Project Tools and Techniques

obs Tool Function Features

*2-4 Ctrl + Click and follow the link to explore.

4.0 Project Scope Management Plan

Resource Planning and MRP-BOM, Staff, Machinery

Phase 2: Growth Stage

Phase 3: Closing Stage

5 Overall Change control Change Application Approvals

6 Documentation and Closing KPI for company future success

4.6 Key Deliverables:

Sequence Activity Key Deliverable

3 Bulk Production and R&D Minimum 2M Pass Production

4 Market Penetration Public Awareness for

Project Milestones List:

Sequence Activity Milestones (weeks) 2021

Resource Breakdown Structure

6.0 Project Communication Management Plan

6.4 Communication Flow Chart.

Priority/ Definition Decision Timeframe for Decision

6.7 Responsibility Assignment Matrix (RAM)

RESPONSIBILITY ASSIGNMENT MATRIX Participant , Accountable, Responsible, Input, Signature

Project Defination and

Bulk production plan S R A P I

Category Aspect Evaluation

▪ Manager Quality Mgt

When Ongoing process Periodic with special focus on

7.0 Project Quality Management Plan