Matematik  Tingkatan 4  Jawapan

BAB
Graf Gerakan
7 Graphs of Motion

1. (a) Jarak (km) 2. (a) 5 m min–1

Distance (km) (b) 3.5 m s–1
(c) 0 km j–1 / km h–1
25

20 3. (a) AB
(b) BC
15
(c) OA
10
4. (a) (i) 132 km
5
(ii) 2.5 – 1.2 = 1.3 jam / hours
O
10 20 30 40 50 60
Masa (min) = 1 jam 18 minit
Time (min) 1 hours 18 minutes
(b) (iii) 4.0 – 2.5 = 1.5 jam / hours
Jarak/ Distance(m)
(iv) Laju / Speed
200
Jarak / Distance
150 =
100
Masa / Time
50 132 + 132
=
0 Masa/Time(min) 4
2 4 6 8
= 66 km j–1

66 km h–1
(c) t (s) 0 10
Faiza bergerak sejauh 264 km dalam
d (m) 8 24 tempoh 4 jam dengan kelajuan 66 km j–1.
Faiza travelled for a distance of 264 km in 4
Jarak (m) hours with the speed of 66 km h–1.
Distance (m)
(b) (i) Jarak antara pekan L dengan pekan K
40
Distance between town L and town K
= 80 – 60
32 = 20 m
24 (ii) 120 m
16 (iii) 8:06 a.m. hingga / to 8:16 a.m.
= 10 minit / minutes
8
(iv) 8:16 a.m. hingga / to 9:00 a.m.
Masa (s)
O 5 10 15 20 Time (s) = 44 minit / minutes
(v) Jarak / Distance
= (80 – 0) + (80 – 60) + (120 – 60)
(d) t (s) 0 5
= 160 km
d (cm) 4 19 Laju / Speed
160
=
Jarak/ Distance(cm) 1
= 160 km j–1
20 160 km h–1
15
10
Encik Tan bergerak sejauh 160 km dalam
5
tempoh 1 jam dengan kelajuan 160 km j–1.
Mr. Tan travelled for a distance of 160 km in 1
0 Masa/ Time(s)
1 2 3 4 5 hour with the speed of 160 km h–1.

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 Matematik  Tingkatan 4  Jawapan 

8 (iii) Laju purata / Average speed

5. (a) (i) Laju / Speed = — = 1.6 m s–1
5 120 km
=
(ii) Tempoh masa / Time period = 11 – 5 = 6 s
60 
70 –10 j / h

(iii) Laju purata / Average speed = 120 km j–1
21 120 km h–1
= —–
15
= 1.4 m s–1 7. (a) Laju (km/j)
Speed (km/h)
60 – 20
(b) (i) Laju / Speed = —––—– = 4 m s–1 120
10
100
(ii) Tempoh masa / Time period = 20 – 10 = 10 s
80
60
0 – 60
(iii) Laju / Speed = —–—— = –12 m s–1­
40
25 – 20

= 12 m s–1 20
O Masa (min)
40 + 60 2 4 6 8 10
(iv) Laju purata / Average speed = —–—— = 4 m s–1 Time (min)
25
120 – 50 (b) Laju (m/s)
(c) (i) Laju / Speed = —–—–— = 35 km j–1 / km h–1 Speed (m/s)
2
120 – 80 30
(ii) Laju / Speed = —–—–— = 40 km j–1 / km h–1 25
1
20
(iii) Jumlah jarak / Total distance
15
= (120 – 50) + (120 – 80) + (120 – 80)
10
= 150 km 5
(iv) Laju purata / Average speed O Masa (s)
10 20 30 40 50 Time (s)
150
= ——
6 (c) Laju (km/j)
Speed (km/h)
= 25 km j–1 / km h–1
60
50
6. (a) (i) 80 – K = 50 40

 
27
60
30
20

80 – K = 22.5 10
K = 80 – 22.5 O Masa (min)
1 2 3 4 5 Time (min)
= 57.5 km
(ii) 80 km – 57.5 km = 22.5 km 8. (a) Laju (m/min)
Speed (m/min)
(iii) Laju purata / Average speed
24

80 = 40 km j–1 / km h–1

 
120
60 10

(b) (i) 120 – 80 = 40 km Masa (min)

O 7 Time (min)
80 – 0 120 – 80
(ii) =
40 – 0 t – 50 Jumlah jarak yang dilalui
120 – 80 Total distance travelled
t – 50 =
2 = Luas trapezium / Area of trapezium
t = 20 + 50 1
= — × (10 + 24) × 7
= 70 min 2
= 119 m

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   Matematik  Tingkatan 4  Jawapan

(b) Laju (m/s) (b) Laju (km j–1)

Speed (m/s) Speed (km h–1)

8 100

45
Masa (s)
O 40 Time (s)
Masa (j)
O 0.5 1.4 Time (h)
Jumlah jarak yang dilalui / Total distance travelled
= Luas segi tiga / Area of trapezium
1 Jumlah jarak yang dilalui / Total distance travelled
= — × 40 × 8 1
2 = 45 × 0.5 + — × (45 + 100) × (1.4 – 0.5)
= 160 m 2
= 22.5 + 65.25 = 87.75 km
(c) Laju (m s–1)
Speed (m s–1)
Laju purata / Average speed
16 87.75
= ——– = 62.68 km j–1 / km h–1
1.4

Masa (s) 12 – 0
O 7 24 Time (s)
10. (a) = = 0.4 m s–2
30 – 0
∴ Pecutan / Acceleration
Jumlah jarak yang dilalui / Total distance travelled
= Luas trapezium / Area of trapezium 30 – 30
(b) = = 0 m s–2
1 50 – 0
= — × (24 + 7) × 16
2 ∴ Laju seragam / Constant speed
= 248 m
0 – 35
(c) = = –1.4 m s–2
9. (a) 25 – 0
Laju (cm/s)
Speed (cm/s)
∴ Nyahpecutan / Deceleration

16 – 10
180 11. (a) (i) Kadar perubahan laju = —–——– = 3 m s–2
Rate of change of speed 2–0
110
(ii) Tempoh masa = 7 – 2 = 5 s
Time period
4 – 16
Masa (s) (iii) Kadar perubahan laju = —–—— = –4 m s–2
O 3 9 Time (s) 10 – 7
Rate of change of speed
(iv) Jarak yang dilalui

Jumlah jarak yang dilalui / Total distance travelled
Distance travelled
1 1 1
= — × 3 × 110 + — × (110 + 180) × (9 – 3) = — × (4 + 16) × (10 – 7)
2 2 2
= 165 + 870 = 1 035 cm = 30 m
Bot itu bergerak sejauh 30 m dalam masa
Laju purata / Average speed
3 saat dengan kelajuan menurun dan
1 035
= ——– = 115 cm s–1 mengalami nyahpecutan 4 m s–2 sebelum
9
berhenti.
The boat travelled 30 m in 3 seconds with
decreasing speed and decelerating at 4 m s–2
before stop.

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 Matematik  Tingkatan 4  Jawapan 

12. (a) (i) Kadar perubahan laju (iii) Jumlah jarak yang dilalui
The rate of change of speed Total distance travelled
v–0 = —1 × (120 + 30) × 1.2 + —
1 × [(1.8 – 1.2)
—–— = 3 2 2
7–0
v + (2 – 1.2)] × 30
— = 3 = 90 + 21
7
v = 21 = 111 km
(ii) Jumlah jarak yang dilalui (iv) Laju purata
Total distance travelled Average speed
111
= —1 × [(15 – 7) + 15] × 21 + —
1 × (21 + 4) × = —––
2
2 2
(25 – 15) = 55.5 km j–1
= 55.5 km h–1
= —1 × 23 × 21 + —
1 × 25 × 10
(28 – 16)
2 2 (d) (i) —–—––– = 12
— = 1.71 m s–2
= 241.5 + 125 (7 – 0) 7
= 366.5 m
(ii) Jumlah jarak / Total distance
(iii) Laju purata = — 1 × (16 + 28) × 7 = 154 m
Average speed 2
366.5 Laju purata / Average speed
= —–—–
25 154
= —–– = 22 m s–1
= 14.66 m s–1 7

(b) (i) 8 m s–1 1 × 28 × (t – 10)

1 × —
2 2 
(iii) 154 = —
1 × (v + 8) × 4 = 52
(ii) —
2 308 = 14t – 140
2(v + 8) = 52 14t = 448
v + 8 = 26 t = 32
v = 18

SPM 7
(iii) Jumlah jarak yang dilalui
Total distance travelled
PRAKTIS
1 × (18 + 8) × (20 – 16)
= 52 + (16 – 4) × 8 + — Kertas 1
2
= 52 + 96 + 52
1. Dalam graf jarak-masa, kecerunan graf mewakili
= 200 m
kadar perubahan jarak terhadap masa, iaitu laju.
(iv) Laju purata In a distance-time graph, the gradient of the graph
Average speed represents the rate of change in distance with respect to
time, which is speed.
200
= —––
20 Jawapan / Answer: B
= 10 m s–1
2. Kecerunan / Gradient
v – 120 0 – 40
(c) (i) —–—–– = –75 = —–––– = –5
1.2 – 0 8–0
v – 120 = –90
v = 30 Pintasan-y / y-intercept = 40
a = –5t + 40
(ii) (t – 1.2) × 30 = 18 a = 40 – 5t
t – 1.2 = 0.6
t = 1.8 Jawapan / Answer: B

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   Matematik  Tingkatan 4  Jawapan

1 × (10 + k) × 10 + —
3. — 1 + (10 + 30) × 8 = 330 Bas dan kereta itu melalui jarak yang sama.
2 2 The bus and the car travelled through the same
50 + 5k + 160 = 330 distance.
5k = 120 Maka / Thus, 30(1.6 + T) = 50T
k = 24 4.8 + 3T = 5T
T = 2.4
Jawapan / Answer: B = 2 jam 24 minit
= 2 hours 24 minutes
4. Pecutan / Acceleration Maka, kenderaan itu sampai di B pada jam
18 – 0 1024.
= —–––– = 1.5
12 – 0 Thus, the vehicles will arrive at B at 1024.

Jawapan / Answer: A (c) Jarak antara A dengan B

Distance between A and B
= 50 × 2.4 = 120 km
Kertas 2

1. (a)
90 – 30
2.5 = —–––—
t – 45
Sudut KBAT
90 – 30 (a) Jarak yang dilalui dengan laju seragam:
t – 45 = —–––—

2.5 The distance travelled with uniform speed:
t = 24 + 45 1.5 × 16 = 24 km
= 69 minit / minutes
(t – 0.2) × 80 = 24
(b) 69 – 45 = 24 minit / minutes
t – 0.2 = 0.3
(c) Purata laju / Average speed t = 0.5

= 90 (b) Kadar perubahan laju / Rate of change of speed

 
69
60 80 km j–1 / km h–1
= ———––————
= 78.26 km j–1 0.2 j / h
78.26 km h–1
= 80 km j–1 / km h–1

———––——–—
(0.2 × 60) min
2. (a) v = 60 = 6.67 km j–1 / min
(b) Jumlah jarak yang dilalui oleh bas 6.67 km h–1 / min
Total distance travelled by bus
= —1 × T × 100 = 50T
2
Jumlah jarak yang dilalui oleh kereta
Total distance travelled by car
1 × (1.6 + T) × 60 = 30(1.6 + T)
= —
2

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