Chapter 3

RESEARCH METHODS

This chapter presents the research methods used in the study. It will also

discuss the research design, research environment, respondents and sampling

procedures, research instruments and their validity, data gathering procedures, and the

statistical treatment of the data.

Research Design

The research design to be used in this study will be the descriptive-correlation

research design which involved collection of data in order to answer the questions for

our survey on the impact of teenage pregnancy on the psychosocial well-being of

teenage mothers in Kapatagan, Lanao del Norte. This is when the researchers will

summarize and describe the respondent’s view regarding these journey who are under

the study. A structured set of questionnaire will be utilized in determining the impact

of teenage pregnancy on the psychosocial well-being of teenage mothers in Kapatagan,

Lanao del Norte. Furthermore, the descriptive method of research will be used to its

appropriateness and complementary nature of data that will be gathered.

Research Environment

This study will be conducted at Kapatagan, a municipality of the province of

Lanao del Norte. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 62,571 people
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composed of Muslims and Christians living peacefully, and is politically subdivided

into 33 barangays.

The municipality is beginning to gain economic favor mainly due to the funds

released by some international organizations like GEM. Many companies built some

stores in Kapatagan to boost its economic growth like Mercury Drugstore, Prince

Hypermart, Goldilocks, Seven Eleven, Mluiller Pawnhsop, Cebuana Pawnshop,

Palawan Pawnshop, Julies Bakeshop, Madelicious Bakeshop, and many more. It has

also the biggest supermarket which is the Gaisano Mall located near the Public

Hospital which gives more income to its economy and more jobs for the people.

Kapatagan has a total land area of 25,048.41 hectares which include the area

that is now being contested by the municipality of Lala with an approximate area of

759 hectares.
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Figure 2. The Research Locale

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Research Subject and Sampling Procedures

The research subject of the study will be the pregnant teenagers of Kapatagan,

Lanao del Norte who will be the source of information upon exploring the impact of

teenage pregnancy on the psychosocial well-being of teenage mothers.

The number of respondents will be needed by the researchers to complete this

study are 100 pregnant teenagers from Kapatagan, Lanao del Norte. They should be

truthful in their feelings in answering the questions in order to determine how teenage

pregnancy affects their psychosocial well-being.

Researchers will use the purposive sampling to understand the significant

relationship between the independent variables and the dependent variables.

Research Instruments

A self-made set of research instrument will be used to extract the necessary

data from the respondents. The researchers will utilize these instruments to gather data

and information on the impact of teenage pregnancy on the psychosocial well-being of

teenage mothers.

Scoring Procedures

Questionnaires will be distributed personally by the researchers to the

respondents. The gathered data will be tallied, analyzed, and interpreted.

The following level of scores with the corresponding verbal equivalent will be

used on the interpretation of the gathered data.

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Impact of Depression to the Journey of Teenage Pregnancy:

Response Mean Score Scale Verbal Interpretation

Strongly Agree 4.21 – 5.00 5 Highly Positive

Agree 3.41 – 4.20 4 Positive
Moderately Agree 2.61 – 3.40 3 Fairly Positive
Disagree 1.81 – 2.60 2 Negative
Strongly Disagree 1.00 – 1.80 1 Highly Negative

Data Gathering Procedures

The survey questionnaire is very important components of gathering data. The

researchers will revise a set of questionnaires that aims to determine the socio-

economic profile of the respondents in terms of their age, educational attainment, and

religion. Their age would determine how old are they during their teenage

motherhood, their educational attainment would determine the level of their education,

and their religion would determine on whether their early pregnancies were planned (if

they are muslims) or unplanned (if they are Christians) according to their culture. The

questionnaires preceding to its formal distribution to the respondents of the study will

be distributed to the selected residents in the different barangays of Kapatagan, Lanao

del Norte. Certainly, it will be constructed accurately and reliably deliver the necessary

data needed information in the study.

The formal data gathering process will start right upon the personal

administration of the fully revised questionnaire to each of the respondents. They will

be fully oriented as to its content and sufficient time to be given for them to answer the

questionnaires. Some follow-ups will be done by the researchers.

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Statistical Treatment

To interpret the data effectively, the researchers will employ following

statistical treatment.

1. Frequency & Percentage. This will be used to determine the frequency

and percentage distribution of personal-related variables. Specifically, this

will answer the demographic profile of the respondents.

f
Formula: %= x 100 %
N

Where: % is the percentage

f is the frequency
N is the number of respondents
100 a constant value

2. Average Weighted Mean. This will be used to take into account the varying

degrees of importance of numbers in a data set. Specifically, answered problem 2 of

this study.

fx
Formula: x= Where: x is the weighted mean
N
f is the frequency
x is the weight of each item
N is the number of cases

3. Pearson Correlation. This will be used to test the relationship between

variables. Specifically, this answered problem 3 and 4 of this study.

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START

Develop a set of questionnaires of socio-economic profile

Validate the questionnaire

Prepare letters for approval

Enter into the community

Select 50 respondents

Conduct the survey

Retrieve the questionnaire

Tally, analyze, evaluate, and interpret the results
END

Figure 3. The flowchart in the Conduct of the Study and the

Data Gathering Procedures