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Exercise 9.2
Exercise 9.2
𝑙𝑜𝑔4
(iii)
𝑙𝑜𝑔2
𝑙𝑜𝑔8 𝑙𝑜𝑔9
(iv)
𝑙𝑜𝑔27
N AT IS
𝑙𝑜𝑔27
C N
PY
O C D
(v)
𝑙𝑜𝑔√3
O IO
D U AA
𝑙𝑜𝑔9−𝑙𝑜𝑔3
O
(vi)
𝑙𝑜𝑔27
ED PR
Solution
(i) 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑎3 − 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑎2
©
𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟖 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟗
(iv)
𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟐𝟕
Let us simplify the expression
𝑙𝑜𝑔8 𝑙𝑜𝑔9 𝑙𝑜𝑔23 .𝑙𝑜𝑔32
=
N AT IS
𝑙𝑜𝑔27 𝑙𝑜𝑔33
C N
PY
By using power law,
O C D
(3𝑙𝑜𝑔2) . (2𝑙𝑜𝑔3)
O IO
=
D U AA
3𝑙𝑜𝑔3 O
𝑙𝑜𝑔2.2
ED PR
=
1
T
= 2 log 2
©
= log 22
= log 4
𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟐𝟕
(v)
𝒍𝒐𝒈√𝟑
Let us simplify the expression,
𝑙𝑜𝑔27 log(3×3×3)
= 1
𝑙𝑜𝑔√3
log32
𝑙𝑜𝑔33
= 1
𝑙𝑜𝑔32
= by using power law
3𝑙𝑜𝑔3
=1
𝑙𝑜𝑔3
2
3×2
= 𝑙𝑜𝑔3
1( )
𝑙𝑜𝑔3
= (6)(1)
=6
𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟗−𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟑
(vi)
𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟐𝟕
N AT IS
Let us simplify the expression
C N
PY
𝑙𝑜𝑔9−𝑙𝑜𝑔3 log(3×3)−𝑙𝑜𝑔3
O C D
=
O IO
𝑙𝑜𝑔27 log(3×3×3)
D U AA
O
𝑙𝑜𝑔32 −𝑙𝑜𝑔3
=
ED PR
𝑙𝑜𝑔33
T
𝑙𝑜𝑔3
=
©
3𝑙𝑜𝑔3
1
=
3
1
(ii) 2 + log(10−3 )
2
1
(iii) 2log 5+ log 8 – log 4
2
1 1
(iv) 2 log103 + 3 log10−2 – 𝑙𝑜𝑔5−3 + log 4
3 2
1 1
(v) 2 log 2 + log 5 - log 36 – log
2 30
1
(vi) 2 log 5 + log 3 + 3 log 2 – log 36 – 2 log 10
2
16 25 81
(vii) log 2 + 16 log + 12 log + 7 log
15 24 80
1
(viii) 2 log 105 + log 108 – log 104
2
N AT IS
C N
PY
Solution
O C D
O IO
D U AA
1
3
log(10÷ √10) = log (10 ÷ 10 ) 3
T
©
1
1−
= log(10 3 )
2
= log(10 ) 3
2
= log 10
3
2
= (1)
3
2
=
3
𝟏
(ii) 2 + 𝐥𝐨𝐠(𝟏𝟎−𝟑 )
𝟐
Let us simplify the expression ,
1 1
2 + log(10−3 ) = 2 + ×(-3) log 10
2 2
3
= 2 – log 10
2
3
= 2 – (1)
2
3
=2–
2
N AT IS
4−3
=
2
C N
PY
O C D
O IO
1
D U AA
= O
2
ED PR
𝟏
(iii) 2log 5+ log 8 – log 4
©
1
= log 25 + log 8 – 2log 2
2
(25×8)
= log
2
= Log (25× 4)
= log 100
= log102
= 2 log 10
= 2(1)
=2
𝟏 𝟏
(iv) 2 log𝟏𝟎𝟑 + 3 log𝟏𝟎−𝟐 – 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟓−𝟑 + 𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝟒
𝟑 𝟐
PY
O C D
3 2
O IO
D U AA
1
O
= 6 log 10 – 6 log 10 + log 5 + 2 log 2
2
ED PR
= 0 + log 5 + log 2
= log(5×2)
= log 10
=1
𝟏 𝟏
(v) 2 log 2 + log 5 - log 36 – log
𝟐 𝟑𝟎
1
= log 4+ log 5 – log 6 – log
30
O
= log(4× 5 × 30) – log (6 × 1)
ED PR
4×5×30
= log
T
6×1
©
= log(4 × 5 × 5)
= log 100
= log 102
= 2 log 10
= 2 log 10
= 2(1)
=2
𝟏
(vi) 2 log 5 + log 3 + 3 log 2 – log 36 – 2 log 10
𝟐
Let us simplify the expression ,
1
2 log 5 + log 3 + 3 log 2 – log 36 – 2 log 10 = log 52 + log 3 +
2
1
log 23 – log 62 – log102
2
25×3×8
= log
N AT IS
6×100
C N
PY
O C D
1×3×8
= log
O IO
6×100
D U AA
O
1×3×8
= log
ED PR
6×4
T
24
= log
©
24
= log 1
=0
𝟏𝟔 𝟐𝟓 𝟖𝟏
(vii) log 2 + 16 log + 12 log + 7 log
𝟏𝟓 𝟐𝟒 𝟖𝟎
Let us simplify the expression,
16 25 81
log 2 + 16 log + 12 log + 7 log = log 2 + 16(log 16 – log
15 24 80
15) + 12(log 25 – log 24)+ 7(log81 – log 80)
= log 2 + 16(log 24 – log(3 × 5)) + 12( log 52 – log(3× 2 × 2 ×
2)) + 7 (log(3 × 3 × 3 × 3) - log(24 × 5))
= log 2 + 0 + log 5
T
©
= log(2× 5)
= log 10
=1
𝟏
(viii) 2 log 105 + log 108 – log 104
𝟐
Let us simplify the expression
1
1 42
2 log 10 + log 10 – log 10 = log105 + log 10 - log10
5 8 4 2 8
2
1
2×2
= log1025 + log108 − log 10 2
= log10100
O
ED PR
2
= 𝑙𝑜𝑔1010
T
= 2 log 1010
©
= 2(1)
=2
1
(v) log 9 + 2 log 3 – log 6 + log 2 -2
2
Solution
1
(i) 2 log 3 – log 16 + log 12
2
Let us simplify the expression into single logarithm ,
1 1
2 log 3 – log 16 + log 12 = 2 log 3 – log 42 + log 12
2 2
N AT IS
= 2 log 3 – log 4 + log 12
C N
PY
O C D
O IO
= log 32 – log 4 + log 12
D U AA
O
= Log 9 – log 4 + log 12
ED PR
9× 12
= log
©
= log (9× 3)
= log 27
16000
= log10( )
2
= log10 8000
1
(iii) log 36 + 2 log 8 – log 1.5
2
N AT IS
Let us simplify the expression into single logarithm,
C N
PY
O C D
1
1
log 36 + 2 log 8 – log 1.5 = log36 + log 82 − log 1.5
O IO
2
D U AA
2 O
1
2×
ED PR
15
= log 6 + log 64 – log( )
©
10
= log 256
1
(iv) log 25 – 2 log 3 + 1
2
1
2×
= log5 2 - log 9 + log 10
= log ( 5× 10 ) – log 9
5×10
= log ( )
9
N AT IS
50
C N
PY
= log
O C D
9
O IO
D U AA
O
1
(v) log 9 + 2 log 3 – log 6 + log 2 -2
ED PR
2
Let us simplify the expression into single logarithm,
T
1
1
log 9 + 2 log 3 – log 6 + log 2 -2 = log9 + log32 - log 6 + log 2
2
©
2
– log 100
1
2×
= log3 2 + log 9 – log 6 + log 2 – log 100
9
= log
100
4. prove the following :
Solution
(i) log10 4 ÷ log10 2 = log 3 9
= 2(1) O
=2
ED PR
= 2 𝑙𝑜𝑔3 3
=2(1)
=2
∴ LHS = RHS
Hence proved.
𝟏𝟎√𝒚
5. if x =(100)a , y = (10000)b and z = (10)c , express log [ ]
𝒙𝟐 𝒛𝟑
N AT IS
in terms of a,b, c.
C N
PY
O C D
O IO
D U AA
Solution O
ED PR
Given :
x = (100)a = (102)a = 102a
T
z = (10)c
10√𝑦
it is given that , log [ ]
𝑥2 𝑧 3
10√𝑦
log[ ] = (log 10 + log√𝑦) - (log x2 + log z3)
𝑥2 𝑧 3
1
= (1 + log𝑦 ) − (𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑥 2 + 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑧 3 ) [ we know that , log 10 =1 ]
2
1
= (1 + log y) – ( 2 log x + 3 log z )
2
Now substitute the values of x,y, z we get
1
= (1 + 𝑙𝑜𝑔104𝑏 ) − (2 𝑙𝑜𝑔102𝑎 + 3𝑙𝑜𝑔10𝑐 )
2
1
= (1 + 4𝑏 log 10 ) − ( 2 × 2𝑎 log 10 + 3 × 𝑐 𝑙𝑜𝑔10)
2
1
= (1 + 4𝑏) − ( 2 × 2𝑎 + 3𝑐 )[ 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑒 , log 10 = 1]
2
= (1 + 2b ) – (4a + 3c)
= 1 + 2b – 4a – 3c
(i) x
𝟓
N AT IS
(ii) 𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝟏𝟎 √𝒙𝟐
(iii) 𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝟏𝟎 𝟓𝒙 C N
PY
O C D
O IO
D U AA
Solution
O
Given :
ED PR
a = log10 𝑥
T
(i) x
©
10a = x
x = 10a
5
(ii) log10 √𝑥 2
1
5
log10 √𝑥 2 = log10 (𝑥 2 )5
2
= log10 𝑥 5
2
= log10 𝑥
5
2
= (𝑎)
5
2𝑎
=
5
(iii) log10 5𝑥
x = (10)a
= log10 5𝑥
=log10 5(10)𝑎
= log10 5 + 𝑙𝑜𝑔10 10
= log10 5 + 𝑎(1)
N AT IS
= a + log10 5
C N
PY
O C D
O IO
D U AA
𝟐 𝟑 𝟓
7. if a = log , b = log and c = 2 log √ . find the values of
𝟑
O 𝟓 𝟐
(i) a+ b + c
ED PR
(ii) 𝟓𝒂+𝒃+𝒄
T
©
Solution
Given:
2
a = log
3
3
b = log
5
5
c = 2 log √
2
(i) a + b + c
Let us substitute the given values we get
2 3 5
a + b + c = log + log + 2 log √
3 5 2
1
52
= (log 2 – log 3) + ( log 3 – log 5) + 2 log
2
1
= log 2 – log 3 + log3 – log 5 + 2 × (𝑙𝑜𝑔5 − log 2)
2
=1
O
ED PR
𝟑 𝟓 √𝟑
8. if x = 𝐥𝐨𝐠 , 𝒚 = 𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒛 = 𝟐 𝐥𝐨𝐠 , find the value of
T
𝟓 𝟒 𝟐
©
(i) x + y – z
(ii) 3x+y-z
Solution
Given
3
X = log = log 3 − log 5
5
5
Y = log = log 5 − log 4
4
2
√3 √3 3
Z = 2 log = log ( ) = log = log 3 − log 4
2 2 4
(i) x + y – z
(ii) 3x+y-z
3x+y-z = 30
=1
(i) x- y – z
O IO
D U AA
( ii) 7x-y-z O
ED PR
Solution
Given
T
X = log10 12
©
Y = log 4 2 × 𝑙𝑜𝑔10 9
Z = log10 0.4
(i) x – y – z
Let us substitute the given values we get
x- y –z = log10 12 − 𝑙𝑜𝑔4 2 × 𝑙𝑜𝑔10 9 − 𝑙𝑜𝑔10 0.4
1
4
= log10 (3 × 4) − 𝑙𝑜𝑔4 4 × 𝑙𝑜𝑔10 32 − 𝑙𝑜𝑔10
2
10
1
= log10 3 + log10 4 − 𝑙𝑜𝑔4 4 × 2 𝑙𝑜𝑔10 3 − (𝑙𝑜𝑔10 4 −
2
𝑙𝑜𝑔10 10)
1
=𝑙𝑜𝑔10 3 + 𝑙𝑜𝑔10 4 − × 1 × 2 𝑙𝑜𝑔10 3 − (𝑙𝑜𝑔10 4 − 𝑙𝑜𝑔10 10)
2
1
= log10 3 + 𝑙𝑜𝑔10 4 − × 1 × 2 𝑙𝑜𝑔10 3 − 𝑙𝑜𝑔10 4 + 1
2
=1
(ii) 7x-y-z
7x-y-z = 71
=7
Given
O
Log v + log 3 = log 𝜋 + log 4 + 3 log r
ED PR
Log 3v = log4𝜋𝑟 3
©
3V = 4𝜋𝑟 3
4𝜋𝑟 3
V=
3
Solution
Given :
3(log 5 – log 3 ) – ( log 5 – 2 log6 ) = 2 – log n
Let us simplify the given expression to find n,
3 log 5 – 3 log 3 – log 5 + 2 log 6 = 2 – log n
2 log 5 – 3 log 3 + 2 log 6 = 2(1) – log n
Log 52 – log33 + log 62 = 2 log 10 – log n [ since , 1 = log 10 ]
Log 25 – log 27 +log36 – log 102 = - log n
Log n = - log 25 + log 27 – log 36 + log 100
= (log 100 + log 27 ) – ( log 25 + log 36)
= log ( 100 × 27 ) – log ( 25 × 36 )
(100 × 27 )
= log
25× 36
= log n = log 3
n=3
Solution
N AT IS
Given :
C N
PY
log10 𝑦 + 2 log10 𝑥 = 2
O C D
O IO
Let us simplify the given expression,
D U AA
yx2 = 100
100
y= 2
𝑥
Solution
Given
log10 2 + 1
Let us simplify the given expression
log10 2 + 1 = log10 2 + log10 10 [ since 1 = log10 10]
= log10 (2 × 10)
=log10 20
2 2 𝒂𝟐 𝒃𝟐
14. if a = 𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝟏𝟎 𝒙 , b = 𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝟏𝟎 𝒚 and − = 𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝟏𝟎 𝒛 . express
𝟐 𝟑
z in terms of x and y .
Solution
Given
a2 = log10 𝑥
b2 = log10 𝑦
𝑎2 𝑏2
− = log10 𝑧
2 3
N AT IS
Let us substitute the given values in the expression we get
𝑥 𝑦
C N
PY
log10 − log10 = log10 𝑧
O C D
2 3
O IO
1 1
D U AA
√𝑥
log10 3 = log10 𝑧
√𝑦
©
√𝑥
3 =𝑧
√𝑦
√𝑥
Z =3
√𝑦
15. given that log m = x + y and log n = x – y , express the
value of log m2n in terms of x and y.
Solution
Given :
Log m = x + y
Log n = x –y
Log m2n
= 2( x+ y ) +( x- y )
O IO
D U AA
= 2x + 2y + x – y O
= 3x + y
ED PR
𝟏𝟎𝒙
value of log( 𝟐 ) in terms of m and n .
©
Solution
Given
Log x = m + n
Log y = m –n
10𝑥
log( 2 )
𝑦
let us simplify the given expression,
10𝑥
log( 2 ) = log 10x – log 𝑦 2
𝑦
= log 10 + log x – 2 log y
= 1 + log x – 2 log y
= 1 +( m +n ) – 2(m –n)
= 1 + m + n – 2m + 2n
= 1 – m + 3n
𝒙 𝒚 𝒚𝟒
17. if log = 𝐥𝐨𝐠 find the value of
𝟐 𝟑 𝒙𝟔
Solution
Given :
𝑥 𝑦
Log = log
2 3
Let us simplify the given expression ,
By cross multiplying , we get
N AT IS
3 log x = 2 log y
Log x3 = log y2
C N
PY
O C D
So , x3 = y2
O IO
D U AA
O
Now square on both sides we get
(𝑥 3 )2 = (𝑦 2 )2
ED PR
x6 = y4
©
𝑦4
=1
𝑥6
𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝟏𝟐𝟓
(iii) x =
𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝟐𝟓
𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟖 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟑
(iv) ( ) ×( ) = 𝟐 𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝒙
𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟐 𝒍𝒐𝒈√𝟑
Solution
Log3 x = 1 + log3 2
O IO
D U AA
= log3 6
x=6
T
©
log 125
(iii) x =
log 25
log53
x=
log 52
3 log 5
=
2log 5
3 𝑙𝑜𝑔5
= [ 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑒 , =1
2 𝑙𝑜𝑔 5
3
∴𝑥=
2
𝑙𝑜𝑔8 𝑙𝑜𝑔3
(iv) ( ) ×( ) = 2 log 𝑥
𝑙𝑜𝑔2 𝑙𝑜𝑔√3
log 23 log 3
( )×( 1 ) = 2 log 𝑥
log 2
log 32
3 log 2 log 3
( ) × (1 ) = 2 log 𝑥
log 2 log 3
2
3×1
1 = 2 log 𝑥
2
3 × 2 = 2 log x
6 = 2 log x
6
Log x =
2
Log x = 3
x = (10)3
= 1000
N AT IS
x = 1000
C N
PY
O C D
O IO
19. given 2 log 10 x+ 1 = log 10 250 , find
D U AA
O
(i) x
ED PR
(ii) log 10 2x
©
Solution
Given :
2 log10 x+1 = log10 250
(i) let us simplify the above expression ,
Log 10 x2 + log10 10 = log10 250 [ since 1 can be written as log10
10]
Log 10 (x2 × 10 ) = log10 250
(x2 × 10) = 250
250
x2 =
10
2
x = 25
x = √25
=5
∴𝑥=5
(ii) log 10 2x
We know that , x = 5
So log 10 2x = log10 2×5
= log 1010
=1
1
log 5 log 2 𝑙𝑜𝑔( )
O IO
3
D U AA
O
Let us consider,
ED PR
log x 𝑙𝑜𝑔9
= 1
log 5 𝑙𝑜𝑔( )
T
3
(log 9 ×log 5)
Log x =
©
1
log( )
3
log 32 ×log 5
=
log 1−log 3
(2 log3×log 5)
= [ log 1 = 0]
− log 3
= - 2× log 5
= log 5-2
x = 5-2
1
= 2
5
1
=
25
Now,
log 𝑦 2 log 9
= 1
log 2 log( )
3
log 9 × log2
Log y2 = 1
log( )
3
𝑙𝑜𝑔32 ×𝑙𝑜𝑔2
=
𝑙𝑜𝑔1−𝑙𝑜𝑔3
2𝑙𝑜𝑔3×𝑙𝑜𝑔2
= [ log1 = 0]
−𝑙𝑜𝑔3
= -2 × log 2
= log 2-2
y2 = 2-2
1
= 2
N AT IS
2
1
=
C N
PY
O C D
4
O IO
1
D U AA
=√ O
4
1
=
ED PR
2
21. prove the following
T
Solution
(i) 3log 4 = 4log 3
Let us take log on both sides,
If log 3log4 = log 4log3
Log4 . log 3 = log 3. Log 4
Log 22 . log 3 = log 3. Log 22
2log 2 . log 3 = log 3 . 2log 2
Which is true
Hence proved.
Solution
©
90x = 405
O IO
405
D U AA
X=
90
81
O
=
18
ED PR
9
=
2
T
= 4.5
©
PY
O C D
O IO
Let us simplify the expression,
D U AA
3
Log10 [ (x +2)× (𝑥 − 2)] = log103 + log104
O
Log10[(x + 2) × (x -2)] = log10( 3× 43)
ED PR
(x2 – 4) = ( 3×4×4×4)
(x2 -4) = 192
©
x2 = 192 + 4
= 196
x = √196
= 14
Solution :
Given :
Log3(x + 1) – 1 = 3 + log3(x -1)
N AT IS
Let us simplify the expression,
C N
PY
Log3( x+1) – log3(x -1) = 3 +1
O C D
O IO
x+1
D U AA
𝑥+1
= 34
𝑥−1
T
©
Solution
Given
5log x + 3log x = 3 log x +1 – 5 log x – 1
Let us simplify the expression,
5log x + 3log x = 3 log x . 31 - 5 log x . 5-1
1
5log x + 3log x = 3.3log x – . 5 log x
5
1
5log x + . 5 log x = 3.3log x - 3log x
5
1
(1 + ) 5 log x = ( 3-1 ) 3log x
5
N AT IS
6
( ) 5 log x = 2(3log x)
C N
PY
5
O C D
5𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑥 2×5
O IO
=
D U AA
3𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑥 6 O
5 𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑥 10
ED PR
( ) =
3 6
5 𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑥
T
5
( ) =
3 3
©
5 𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑥 5 1
( ) =( )
3 3
Solution
Given
𝑥−𝑦 1
Log = (log x + log y)
2 2
Let us simplify
𝑥−𝑦 1
Log = ( log x × y)
2 2
𝑥−𝑦 1
Log = log xy
2 2
1
𝑥−𝑦
Log = log (𝑥𝑦) 2
2
1
𝑥−𝑦
= 𝑥𝑦
N AT IS
2
2
C N
By squaring on both sides we get
PY
O C D
2
𝑥−𝑦 2 1
O IO
D U AA
[ ] = [𝑥𝑦 ] 2
2
(𝑥−𝑦)2
O
= 𝑥𝑦
ED PR
4
By cross multiplying , we get
T
(𝑥 − 𝑦)2 = 4𝑥𝑦
x2 + y2 – 2xy = 4xy
©
x2 + y2 = 4xy + 2xy
x2 + y2 = 6xy
hence proved
𝒙+𝒚 𝟏
26. if x2 + y2 = 23xy , prove that log = (𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝒙 + 𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝒚)
𝟓 𝟐
Solution
Given
x2 + y2 = 23xy
so the above equation can be written as
x2 + y2 = 25xy – 2xy
x2 + y2 + 2xy = 25xy
(x+y)2 = 25xy
(𝑥+𝑦)2
= xy
25
Now by taking log on both sides we get
(𝑥+𝑦)2
𝑙𝑜𝑔 = log xy
25
𝑥+𝑦 2
log [ ] = log xy
5
𝑥+𝑦
2 log = log x + log y
5
x+y 1
Log = log x + log y
5 2
Hence proved .
Solution O
Given
ED PR
P = log10 20
Q = log10 25
T
Then ,
©
2 log10 (x +1) = 2p – q
Now substitute the values of p and q we get
2 log10 ( x+ 1) = 2 log10 20 – log10 25
= 2 log1020 – log10 52
= 2 log10 20 – 2 log10 5
2 Log10 (x +1) = 2( log1020 – log105)
Log10 (x +1) = ( log1020 – log105)
20
= log10( )
5
= log10(x +1) = log104
(x +1) = 4
x = 4 -1
=3
28. show that :
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
(i) + + =𝟏
𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝟐 𝟒𝟐 𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝟑 𝟒𝟐 𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝟕 𝟒𝟐
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
(ii) + + =𝟐
𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝟖 𝟑𝟔 𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝟗 𝟑𝟔 𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝟏𝟖 𝟑𝟔
Solution
1 1 1
(i) + + =1
log2 42 log3 42 log7 42
Let us consider LHS:
1 1 1
+ +
log2 42 log3 42 log7 42
𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑚
By using the formula , logn m =
𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑛
1 1 1 1 1 1
N AT IS
+ + = log42 + 𝑙𝑜𝑔42 + 𝑙𝑜𝑔42
log2 42 log3 42 log7 42 ( ) ( ) ( )
C N
PY
log 2 𝑙𝑜𝑔 3 𝑙𝑜𝑔 7
O C D
𝑙𝑜𝑔 2×3×7
=
𝑙𝑜𝑔42
T
𝑙𝑜𝑔42
=
©
𝑙𝑜𝑔42
=1
= RHS
1 1 1
(ii) + + =2
log8 36 log9 36 log18 36
Let us consider LHS:
1 1 1
+ +
log8 36 log9 36 log18 36
𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑚
By using the formula , logn m =
𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑛
1 1 1 1 1 1
+ + = 𝑙𝑜𝑔36 + 𝑙𝑜𝑔36 + 𝑙𝑜𝑔36
log8 36 log9 36 log18 36
𝑙𝑜𝑔8 𝑙𝑜𝑔9 𝑙𝑜𝑔18
𝑙𝑜𝑔8 𝑙𝑜𝑔9 𝑙𝑜𝑔18
= + +
𝑙𝑜𝑔36 𝑙𝑜𝑔36 𝑙𝑜𝑔36
1 1 1
(i) + + =1
T
1 1 1
+ +
log𝑎 𝑎𝑏𝑐 log𝑏 𝑎𝑏𝑐 log𝑐 𝑎𝑏𝑐
𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑚
By using the formula , logn m =
𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑛
1 1 1 1 1 1
+ + = log 𝑎𝑏𝑐 + 𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑎𝑏𝑐 + 𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑎𝑏𝑐
log𝑎 𝑎𝑏𝑐 log𝑏 𝑎𝑏𝑐 log𝑐 𝑎𝑏𝑐
𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑎 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑏 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑐
Solution
It is given that :
T
1 1 1
loga x = , logb x = , logc x =
©
𝛼 𝛽 𝛾
so,
1 log 𝑥 1
loga x = = = = log 𝑎 = 𝛼 log 𝑥
𝛼 log 𝑎 𝑎
1 log 𝑥 1
logb x = = = 𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑏 = 𝛽 𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑥
𝛽 log 𝑏 𝛽
1 log 𝑥 1
logc x = = = 𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑏 = 𝛾 𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑥
𝛾 log 𝑐 𝛾
now ,
log 𝑥
logabc x =
log 𝑎𝑏𝑐
log 𝑥
=
log 𝑎+log 𝑏+log 𝑐
log 𝑥
=
𝑎 log 𝑥 +𝑏 log 𝑥+𝑦 log 𝑥
log 𝑥
=
𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑥 (𝛼+𝛽+𝛾)
1
=(
𝛼+𝛽+𝛾)
7
(i) log3 x + log9 x + log81 x =
O IO
4
D U AA
1 1 1 7
1 + 2 + =
©
1 1 1 7
+ log 𝑥 3 + log 𝑥 3 =
log𝑥 3 2 4 4
1 7
1 1 =
log𝑥 3[1+ + ] 4
2 4
1 7
4+2+1 =
log𝑥 3[ ] 4
4
7 7
log 3 𝑥 =
4 4
log 3 𝑥 = 1
log 3 𝑥 = log 3 3 [ since 1 = log 𝑎 𝑎]
On comparing we get
x=3
23
(ii) log2 x + log8 x + log32 x =
15
Let us simplify the expression ,
1 1 1 23
+ + =
log𝑥 2 log𝑥 8 log𝑥 32 15
1 1 1 23
+ + =
log𝑥 21 log𝑥 23 log𝑥 25 15
1 1 1 23
+ log 𝑥 2 + log 𝑥 2=
log𝑥 2 3 5 15
1 1 1 23
[1 + + ] =
log𝑥 2 3 5 15
15+5+3 23
Log2 x =
15 15
N AT IS
23 23
Log2 x =
15 15
C N
PY
O C D
23 15
Log2 x = ×
O IO
15 23
D U AA
Log2 x = 1
O
Log2 x = Log2 2 [ since , 1 = loga a]
ED PR
On comparing , we get
T
X=2
©
©
ED PR
D U AA
O C D
N AT IS
O IO
T
C N
O
PY