CHARACTERISTICS OF

POLYMER
Material Polimer / 3 sks
Teknik Material dan Metallurgi
Fakultas Teknologi Industri
Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember

Amaliya Rasyida
WHY STUDY Characteristics of Polymer?
• Structural
• Mechanical
• Thermal
• Additives to modify host
properties
STRUCTURAL
 Microstructure

Proteinaceous nano- and Microfibrilar-reinforced

microspheres for drug composites from
encapsulation and controlled biodegradable synthetic and
delivery. natural polymers.

Serve as encapsulation and Increasing load rate thus

carrier systems to supply giving rise to significantly
drugs in a controllable way. stronger material

STRUCTURAL
 Crystalline Latex Particles Polymer hydrogel surface

STRUCTURAL
 What can we see from TEM?

• Morphology
Shape, size, order of particles in sample
• Crystalline Structure
Arrangement of atoms in the sample
Imperfections in crystalline structure (defects)
• Composition
Elemental composition of the sample

STRUCTURAL
STRUCTURAL
STRUCTURAL
 How to develop and strengthen the characterization of
microstructure?

X-Ray
scattering

STRUCTURAL
 How to develop branching structure of
polymer?

• Radius method (conformation plot)

• Mass method (determines branching ratio from
the molar mass–versus–elution volume plot by
means of Equation 4
• Viscosity method (Mark-Houwink plot (log-log
plot of [η]–versus–M))

STRUCTURAL
The slopes for all linear polymers in thermodynamically
good solvents are ~0.58 whereas lower values are indicative
of branching.

STRUCTURAL
 Mark-Houwink plots of linear (blue) and branched
(red) poly(lactic acid)

STRUCTURAL
 Structure Composition?

STRUCTURAL
MECHANICAL
 Stress-strain behavior
• Brittle
• Plastic
• Highly elastic
(elastomeric)
polymer

MECHANICAL
The mechanical characteristics of polymers:
• Highly sensitive to the rate of deformation (strain rate)
• The temperature
• Chemical nature of the environment (the presence of water,
oxygen, organic solvents, etc.)

Decreasing rate, increasing temperature?

 Parameter sama seperti pada logam:
- modulus elastisitas
- kekuatan yield
- kekuatan tarik

MECHANICAL
 Macroscopic deformation for semi-
crystalline polymer

MECHANICAL
MECHANICAL
 Macroscopic deformation for
amorphous polymer

MECHANICAL
 Miscellaneous Mechanical
Characteristics

• IMPACT STRENGTH
• FATIGUE
• TEAR STRENGTH
• HARDNESS

MECHANICAL
 Impact strength

MECHANICAL
 Impact strength

MECHANICAL
Fatigue

MECHANICAL
Tear strength

MECHANICAL
Hardness

MECHANICAL
THERMAL
THERMAL
 Differential Scanning Calorimetry

THERMAL
THERMAL
 Thermogravimetric Analysis

THERMAL
ADDITIVES TO MODIFY
ADDITIVES