AUTOCAD

1. INTRODUCTION

AutoCAD is a commercial computer-aided design (CAD) and drafting software

application. Developed and marketed by Autodesk, AutoCAD was first released in
December 1982 as a desktop app running on microcomputers with internal graphics
controllers. Prior to the introduction of AutoCAD, most commercial CAD programs
ran on mainframe computers or minicomputers, with each CAD operator (user)
working at a separate graphics terminal. Since 2010, AutoCAD was released as a
mobile- and web app as well, marketed as AutoCAD 360.

AutoCAD is used across a wide range of industries, by architects, project managers,

engineers, graphic designers, and many other professionals.

AutoCAD is available for English, German, French, Italian, Spanish, Korean, Chinese
Simplified, Chinese Traditional, Brazilian, Portuguese, Russian, Czech, Polish and
Hungarian, Albanian (also through additional Language Packs).

The latest version was released on 21 March 2017 as AutoCAD 2018.

Autodesk has also developed a few vertical programs:

• AutoCAD Architecture

• AutoCAD Civil

• AutoCAD Electrical

• AutoCAD ecscad

• AutoCAD Map 3D

AutoCAD Mechanical

• AutoCAD MEP

• AutoCAD Structural Detailing

• AutoCAD Utility Design

• AutoCAD P&ID
• AutoCAD Plant 3d

Parts of Autocad

The name of the numbered parts are listed below:

1. Application menu/button.

It is present at the upper-left corner of the workspace. To close the application menu,
we can click anywhere outside the application button or window.

The button is shown in the image marked as number 1.

2. Quick Access Toolbar

The Quick Access Toolbar is located at the top of the application window and right of
the application menu. It consists of the set of frequently used commands. We can add
and remove the commands according to the requirements.

3. Ribbon Panel

It provides access to the dialog box related to that panel. If the ribbon panel
disappears, then we need to enter the 'ribbon' on the command line to display the
ribbon panel on the workspace.

4. User Coordinate System (UCS)

The UCS is the active coordinate system that represents the XY plane in 2D and XYZ
planes in 3D. It acts as the direction in the X, Y, and Z-axis for drawing and modeling.
We can control the origin and orientation of the UCS to make drawings according to
the specific points and coordinates. We can also work with drawing aids such as Grid
and the ortho mode.

5. Model Space / Work Space / Drawing Window

It is defined as the area to create 2D and 3D drawings, models, and objects. We can
create using different commands according to the requirements.

6. View Cube

The View Cube is termed as the navigation tool that is displayed when we are working
on a 2D or 3D model space. We can switch between the isometric view and the
standard view of our drawings or model.

7. Navigation Bar
The Navigation Bar is used to access the navigation tools. It is a user interface
element, where we can access both unified (common tools) and product specific tools
(unique product tools).

The navigation bar is shown in the below image:

8. Model Layout Tab

A layout is defined as a 2D working environment for creating the drawing sheets.

The model tab is the screen where we create the 2D and 3D drawings.

If the model and levout tab is not visible, then follow the steps given below:

↑ SCROLL TO TOP

On the AutoCAD option displayed on the top left corner of

9. Command Line Window (shortcut key- ctrl+9)

The command line window is used to write the commands. We need to press 'Enter'
after typing any particular command. The AutoCAD also displays the steps after each
command on the Command line. We need to select the option and press 'Enter' after
each step.

10. Status Bar

The status bar displays the drawing tools that affect the drawing environment. It
provides quick access to most of the commonly used drawing tools. It includes
options such as ISODRAFT, ORTHOMODE, AUTOSNAP, OSNAP, etc.

11. View Control

The View Control is displayed on the left corner of the viewport. It provides a suitable
way to change views, visual settings, and styles. It includes options such as top,
bottom, left, right, etc.

12. Visual Style Control

The Visual Style Control is the customized setting that controls the structure view of
the models or 3D drawings created on the Viewport. The options include 2D
Wireframe, Realistic, Shaded, Conceptual, Hidden, etc.

We can also enter the visualstyles on the command line to display the options

of the visual style control.

After entering on the command line, the box will appear displaying clear information
with figures for each option.

Autocad basic features

1. Difference between polyline & line

Line:

→Multi selectable

→ It has not any additional Property

Polyline:

→Single selectable line

→ It has three additional property

i) stretch.

ii) Add vertex.

iii) Convert to Arc.

2. Polyline edits :

PE →ENTER

Select polyline (Three option to change it.)

1. Open
2.Close
3.Width

3. Different selection Methods.

1.Blue window:

(i) window starts from left to right.

(ii) Objects are selected only after entering the complete window.

2.Green window:

(i) Window start from Right to left.

(ii) Objects are selected only by touching.

3. Point & point type:

(i) Po →(Enter)

(point) →Just by clicking on screen default point type → Dot. screen.

(ii)→ Point Type (PT)

PT→(Enter) → Through the point type command, we can change the size of the point according
to our needs.

4. Use of Mouse :

(i) Mouse is used to zoom in and out of the screen ( use center scrool key)

(ii) Double click on center key for zoom all.

(iii) Pan View →Hold center key and move.

5. Status Bar Toggle :

(i) Info center →F1

(ii) Previous Command description→ F2

(iii) object snap → F 3

It helps to capture point like center, mid point, perpandicular, Node, Quadrant, End
point, Geometric center etc.

(iV) 3D object snap→ F4

(V) Isoplane changes→ F5

(Vi) Dynamic UCS→ F6 (3D)

(Vii) Grid on / off → F7

(Viii) Ortho mode → F8 ( For straight line )

(iX) Snap mode → F9 We can only work on grid lines.

(X) Polar mode → F10 (We can Work in angles)

(Xi) Object Snap Tracking → F11

( For Tracking objects)

(Xii) Dynamic Input →F12 (we can track angle and length easily which will show on screen)

6. Isodraft → For making 3D object but they are actually on 2d , 2d object that takes 3d to see

It has 3 faces:

(i) Isoplane left

(ii) Isoplane Top

(iii) Isoplane Right

7. Lw Display - To Show line weight on Screen.

8. Selection Cycling -
when two or more objects overlap each other. then selection cycle gives us option of
selecting particular object.

9. Graphic Configuration
Always on for better graphics

10. Unit Setup

UN → Enter
Length → Decimal → 1,2,3,4
Architectural → 1' ½"
Engineering → 1' 6"

Precision → For value accuracy after decimal.

0' 0" → 1'

0' 0.0" → 1' 1.5"
0' 0.00" → 1'1.55"

0'0" → ‫יד‬

o'o.0" 11.5" 0'0.00" 1'1.55"

Insertion scale Inches.

Dimension style : lines Here we can make changes in dimension line lik Symbol &
Arrow - Here we can change Arrow Head Style & arrow size & many more.

line color, line type, line weight 4 many more.

Text Any change in Texts like Text style, color 4 Text Height. Best Fit

fit

Primary units →

unit format

Decimal (1,2,3,4)
Engineering (1'5")
Architecturel (1' 7")

Precision - value accuracy after decimal.

decimal sepratur -

Comma Period -> -> - 11,5 11.5 11 5

Space

Zero Suppression Trailing (off) 1' 5.00"

Trailing on → 1'5"

It hides obsolete (use less) zero.

* Drafting settings :

SE

There are lot of options regarding Auto cad setting. Can these change in settings as.
per we desire But are many default settings so better stay away. We

Area, limit & Grid display :

Area:

AA

Works Two method →→ only close boundary object. By clicking all the points ii) By clicking on
object.

ex.
-

AA

Now select all 4 corner.

one by one

→ Enter click on object in command Bar select object Enter or AA -> Now

other options are add area, Subtract Area.

birid - Grid & we Can on/off Grid. Here

limits →

limita

limita

enter

Now there are two options in command ON OFF ON Bay.

+ Again -> enter limita. select lower left point & then.

select upper

right point. → By doing this we give limits to object our work.

We cant make outside of our limit

area.

* Dimension measurements: All dimension measurement Commands

are

Work Book.

1) DLi dim linear

DAL dim aligned

iii) DRa / Dimr Radius

Ddi / Dimd → diameter

v) DaN

Angle

VI) Are length VII) Dimo -> Dim Arc -> Ordinate

(Radius

VII) Dimy → dim Jogged

Q dim → Quick dim.

Multifeader Mlea &

to multi leader is for given the Name of any object showing Arrow we have to text
Name

Center Mark

It gives center mark to the Circle Arc.

☆ Text Style: ST

→ By using this Command can change Text style. we "Times New Roman". usually We use

Spline & Zig Zag line : •) Spline →

SPL

This is to use

to

Make

curvature line. & to

Shumake this line Press enter at end. → while clicking on the line, there is & option:

di) Spline fit

ii) spline (cv).

(Control vertices)

•) → Zig Zag line : go to properties in Ribbon. (on top Right side)

→ Now go to line options other + Load - types at the bottom Zig Zag line

& multiline style :

☆ Multiline •) Multiline:- (ML)

This command is used to make more than one line at once at particulas distances.

→ There are three option :

i) Justification

V) Scale

9 of 25

iii) Style

Justification

tification.

Zero (line starts

from middle)

Scale :

We

Can

Top

(line starts from)

Top
ii)

Bottom line Starts from Bottom)

change the distance b/w line.

iii) style - For this come out of the command bcz it have to make asks for the name a
New style. we

multiline Style - (AX #) MLS enter. Tyle (MLStyle) New → give Name

Now

we

Can

add many lines in multiline,

give them color,

lines & also

Scale - (sc)

we

Specify distance b/w the

can

Change the

Command SC← → Select obj Base point → give scale Value or visually.

There are 2 options:

ii) Reference

Сору i) Copy पर click करने पर पहले वाला object भी रहेगा & and scale object 2ft) -

i)

→ ii) Reference पर click पर पहले object को Reference मानते हुए हम दूसरे object को length दे सकते है।

Open settings : (OP))

Auto Cad Do Not But we can default settings. 10 of 25 change change as per our
desire

line type

Lengthen (LEN )

- - First make a line, then give command. Select object.

4 Types:

i) Delta

ii) percent

iv) Dynamic.

iii) Total

i) Delta By this we can increase the length of like by clicking on left or right side of
live.

n) Percent + By this We car line by giving percent. ex 100 - we give 1. of 150%. New
(ength, .150

Increase or decrease

(iii) Total, जितनी value दी जाएगी line की New r Jayegi. (ength utni ho

MJ Dynamic → Increase decrease in length. 08 dynamically or visually.

Pick Box: asize of pick box. By this Command, we can increase or decrease the 3615

* Highlight when we select any object, then object is prominently visible (Highlight).
we can change this setting, & show the object in general.

Highlight enter then it'll ask for a digit 0. दोनों value को बारी-बारी apply 3 object 12 of 25

Select check करा

Distance :

Dist
this command is used to distance b/w diff diff lines, who each other. measure the are
Joint to

- 2 type - i) it'll ask for the base point or

Start point to measure distance click. point & last point to measure. another option → multiple
In this first Point click, then multiple. ->

Time → - (Time) Las see the time, Started drawing. we when we have

Clip Board: =

For Copy & paste drawing objects in to another Tap..

→ select any object,

- Right click on object Go to

Clipboard

→ Copy/cut give base point Now go to another Tap f

Paste

Recent Input:- Sa B Right click Recent Input

SHORT KEYS :

O Screen Hide→→ CTRL 10

2) properties + 3) Design center :- (DC +)

Auto Cad- library Blocks - - Bed, chair, Table,

Design Centre location c/ program files/ Auto Ced 2020/ Sample/ en-us/ Design Centre
|

4) Tool Palettes :

(TP)

Like design centre doors, windows, it has

arrow.

Calculator
Comman Bar Hide | Unhide → All drawing open ctrl + Tab ctrl-9.

8) Quick select:

To Quick select object. e.x If there like Red, Green select only Red are 08 lots of circle
& colorful Blue. Then if we Color circle then want to

Right click Quick select →

->

f select object circle.

-> Now only Red circle will select. → There are also

many more filters.

Quick properties Quick properties of any object Type.

☆ match properties : PPY (MA) → using this command, we can copy object property line type,
line weight, color & Transparency)

& give it to another object. -> select Sourch obj select destination obj.

Divide:- (DIVE) we can divide line in to multiple segments. 14 of 25

Color Red

Cars

Center line

select line @ & then @

centerline

*Center mark :

Xline & Ray

xung Infinite line at both ends, Ray line unitial point is fixed & other end is ∞.

To Arc 4 circle.
Xline & Ray

xung Infinite line at both ends, Ray line unitial point is fixed & other end is ∞.

Circle

then radius.

then

6 Types i) Center radius → 1st give center point. ii) Center diameter → 1st give center point.
give diameter of circle.

iii) 2 point → we must have 2 points.

e.g.

MV) 3 point →

use

3 points.

For this, we

x) Tan Tan Radius (TTR) :- For this we need 2 lines

ex.

6.

TTT

as Tangent & Radius.

(c)

(Tangent

Tangent Tangent) :

For this We need 3 lines as Tangent

tan/
tan 2

* Drafting

tas 3

settings :

SE

Ellipse (EL)

3 Types:

bube

i) centre & Radius :

give center mark & then Radius Both Axis. for ii) Axis End :

first give (start making ellipse. from Axis End to Axis End at x. Axis.)

then give Radius of y. Axis,

Direction →

ME

1) Elliptical Are : We it'll ask for 1st angle. 4 Need then both Axis & then and angle

Direction to make ellipse:

Axis End

J2 centel

Poly gon

i) POL enter

center

i) give
(POL)

ii) No. of edges

iv) then & option

(۷) -give Radius.

Inscribed about circle

Circumscribed about circle

Offset

(0)

Select obj

->

(Through) give

distance

O enter

Select line (select upside or down side to give offset direction.) another option
multiple for multiple offset.

(AR)

ARRAY

3 Types:- i) Rectangular Array :

first make a object.

e.g. BOX passio

- Ar enter

Select Box
Rectangular

Now Array is done. we can change No. of column & Rows from Ribbon. Also we cas
change distance Rows & Columns. 6/w

Path Array!

अभिषेक

make a path (eg. spinet - make a obj on path. (eg. Box)

+ DA - Ar enter → select obj. → Select Array Type Path

- Select Path curve.

iii) Polar Array :

eg make Ar enter Big circle - make a obj above circle → select object (ex. Box) - select Array
type. -

Polar Point → Specify center Array means. select circle center point

-> Now we can change angle b/w objects from Ribbon.

Rectangle ;- (Rec )

→ i) Dimension

ii) chamfer ) Fillet

IV) width

v) Rotation.

1) Dimension → Rec enter. Dimension click on - corner Specify 1st ‫ א‬point give length
& width - Enter.

ii) chamfer → → Rec entel - -> chamfer + Second chamfer value + give 1st chamfer value Now
dimension of Rect.
50

100

ii) Fillet :

Rec enter

Now

give

give

Fillet

dimension.

IV) width:

Rec enter width value Now give dimension

X) Rotation :

<

→ Rec enter

give Rotation

→ give dimension.

Mirror

(Mid)

command to used to mirror the object. → mi enter

→ select obj

mirror

ex.
Select obj, choose Base point

Base point

- give Mirror axis

Rotate (RO)

- Ro enter

Rotation Angle.

(Cory: (Co)

→ select obj + Now select point location where we want to Copy object.

Co entel

TRIM (TR อ To trim middle lines / obj.

Extend :- (EX ~~) to extend line to a Reference obj

- only crassing oby will trim Single oby cannot be trim. (in 2020 )

Break at a Point

Ribbon

→ modify

- click on Symbol

Select obj where we -> Now want to Select the point on line break the line.

e.x4

Join & Explode

Join:→ (J)

→ diff- diff connected lines 37 करने के लिए। Polyline Convert

-> Select all these lines who are connected to each othen Now Jenter. → lines are now converted
in to Polyline.

(4) (+)

Explode:
To change block or Polyline in to Single Single Segment. or. multiselectable obj. ex-
Select a Polyline or Block. - X enter

Group 4 ungroup - (जस) To add some objects in to a Group. means If 3 obj. are in one

group then किसी भी एक dj को select करने पर तीनो साथ Select obj

ex. select multiple objects with control. G enter objects are Now in Group. -

ungroup Select 0 group. Now give command ✩ (Multi Text):- (MTC) To create Text. ungroup.
enter.

Txt exp Arc Text To explode Text.

->

To write Text on ARC TEXT enter. write Text. a Arc. Select Arc IKANER QIKA - ex ->

Torient → BIKANER To give any Text a Angle ex

Table & Table Style : Table: (Table)

Table Style +

To edit Table

List & ID List (List ) We can get complete detail of any object. select box List enter. ex

TD

-> we can A

ID -> we any can point. get Co-ordinate of

Pilter : (Filter)

objecti

→ To Select particular object/ among many objects. -> Command Filter Select Filter Add to list
apply т select by window.

* Select similar :

click on object → Now Right click

Select

similar.

->

сто Select similar type object).

Hatch -

→ only works in enclosed Area.

2 method Pick Point Select obj. by Boundary. i) pick point →

Pick point select Individual Boundary. It select Complete ii) Select obj -

Oby Boundary.

Gradient + = Two color mix Pattern in Hatch,

Layer):- (LA) ・This is to work in grouping or category.

customer को जो दे खना sil whi layer दिखा सकते हैं, बाकी Layer lock/ Freeze करके)

Lay del (layer delete) : (Laydel)

To delete Layer. → Active Layer doesn't delete.

☆ Lay mch ( Layer match); - used (Lay mch) to match the layer properties to others.
layers.

☆ Import 4 Export : Import → बाहर की File को Auto cad में Insert कराना । Export → Auto cad डी File
बाहर भेजना।

* Print & Publish : Print → (ctrl +P) enter → Name (General document of High Quality)

→ Page Size (Iso A4 297X210)

- window Landscape → center to plot

Publish print page को Pe मे save करना ।

* Create Block - (B) multi किसी भी no jects को Block मे convert करने के लिए। works only

in Current Tab/ drawing.

Select obj Pick Point → Name - Enter

Insert Block) (I)

(W-Block) : (write Block)

To convert multiple obj/lines in to Block, & This file saves in to PC, means we this
block whenever we want to. Can use

w enter -> Select obj 7 Pick Point Enter - select file path in to PC.

A Tinsert → To Create Insert any block in to

Table cell. → Select Table cell block Name enter. Tinsert

Aminsert : - Minsert X Scale (1) Block work Block Name as Array. Insertion Point y scale (1)
Rotation Angle →

give

Enter No. of Row + Enter No. of column → -> Column distance. Row distance.

☆ Burst

almost similar to explode.

Txt ser→

To Show FS Fast select): his all (FS) Previous Commands *

Fs enter select obj →1sme ofj जिस किसी भी दूसरे obj से Touch कर रहा होगा, वो सब select

हो जाएंगे

Isolate / unisolate :

Isolate + Isolate enter select obj senter Selected obj को छोड़कर बाकी सब Hide हो जाएंगे ।

UNISOLATE To unhide all unisolate enter.

X

* Blount :

To count No. of blocks used in drawing. drawing Select complete where many blocks. - are used.
→B-Count

* N copy :

To copy any segments from any group with out Neopy exploding any block. select
block select any / multiple segmenth in block - base point Copy Location Select block.

A Boundary (BO) :

Selects any boundary.

e.g.

Select Polyline Region Region

inside ct any clase boundary. Now select enter selected boundary has been made.

Now we can copy boundaries.