JUAN DE PLASENCIA of inheritances.

Laws, sentences, and punishment

for individuals at-fault within the barangay were
- Juan de Plasencia was a Spanish friar of the
also presented and between two barangays, like in
Franciscan Order. He was among the first group of
birth and marriage.
Franciscan missionaries who arrived in the Islands
- The Tagalogs have no consecrated temples for
on July 2, 1578.
the worship of their idols. However, they have the
- He authored several religious and linguistic
name "simbahan," meaning a place of
books, most notably the Doctrina Cristiana
adoration, when they wish to do a feast,
(Christian Doctrine), the first book
called "pandot" or "worship" in a large house of
everprinted in the Philippines.
the chief.
- Juan de Plasencia passed away in Liliw, Laguna,
- The account provided information about the
in the year 1590
worship of the Tagalogs. They use drums
-Through a letter, the King of Spain tasked Juan de
which beat the feast, and during this time, the
Plasencia to document the customs and
barangay or family unite to worship, which they
traditions of the colonized (natives)based on
called "nagaanitos."
his observation and judgment.
- The Tagalogs also have series of idols
-“Customs of the Tagalogs” is a part
whom they worship for particular settings.
(either chapters or subsections) of longer
- Bathala means signify "all-powerful," or "maker
monographs written by the chroniclers of the
of all things," which they worship the most. They
Spanish expeditions to the Philippines during
tend to look at omens at what they
the early 16th and17th centuries.
encounter and also practice divination to show
-The Customs of the Tagalog was intentionally
their luck.
made to provide an eroticized description of the
- The account was able to indicate that
Tagalog natives, clearly fed by politics and
the Natives have no established division
propaganda
of years, months, and days; only the
-The tribal gathering in Tagalog is called
recognition of sun-time and water-time.
the barangay. Natives inferred that the reason for
Determined time through land cultivation by
giving themselves this name arose from the boat as
phases of the moon, seasons of fruits, flowers,
they've reached this land.
and leaves they are yielding.
- The primary account included a detailed
- Plasencia also described the Superstitious
description of the caste system within the
beliefs and supernatural beings of the native
barangay consisting of three social
Tagalogs in detail. The manner of burying was
classes:nobles (Maharlika), commoners (Aliping
discussed in depth in the document. Stated that the
Namamaay), and slaves (Aliping Sagigilid), as
Manner of burial for a Chief is different from that of
well as their functions and limitations within and
the deceased warrior. The form of burial of the
outside of the barangay.
Aetas or Negrillos (Negritos) was also stated.
- Plasencia provided a detailed description of
- Discussed the idea of Life after the Rest of the
the rules and regulations in terms of the division
native Tagalogs.
Maca – or Paradise for who just, valiant, morally
upright, and virtuous
Casanaan – or Place of punishment, grief, and
affliction. A place of anguish for the wicked with
the devil called Sitan.
- Juan de Plasencia's work made the Filipinos
realize how unique the Tagalog culture was
before colonization.
- Disprove the claim of some Spaniards that
locals were uncivilized and lacking in culture,
as it provided an elaborate observation on
functioning government, tax system, the
criminal justice system, indigenous calendar, and
long-standing customs and tradition such
as garments, gold ornaments, houses, and
idols that are comparable to Southeast Asian
civilization and culture.
- He wrote Relacion richly describing the political,
social and economic and cultural practices of the
Filipino before they were converted to the new faith.
tapis.
- men and women wore ornaments to look
attractive. Some wore gold fillings between the
teeth, tattoos were also fashionable for some pre-
colonial Filipinos; they also exhibit a man’s war
record.
- Islas del Pintados – term coined by the Spaniards
for the Visayans.
- Bahay Kubo, made of wood, bamboo, and nipa
palm; it was built on stilts and can be entered
through ladders that can be drawn up. Some
Filipinos, such as the Kalingas, Mandayaas and
Bagobos built their houses on treetops. Others,
such as the Badjaos, built their houses on boats.

- The original entitled Relacion de las Costumbre

de los Tagalogs is kept at the Archivo General de
Indias in Seville, Spain. Duplicate copy is kept in
the Archivo Franciscano Ibero-Oriental in Madrid
Citations:
Spain
https://ofmphilarchives.tripod.com/id8.html#_ftn8
- English translation in The Philippine Islands, Vol.
7 by Blair and Robertson and Filipiniana Book guild
- Mode of Dressing: Male attire was composed of De Viana, A. & Picadizo, Ma. V. (2018). "Pahiwatig. A
the kanggan (sleeveless jacket) and bahag Guide for Understanding Readings in Philippine
(loincloth). The color of kanggan indicates rank – History." Books Atbp. Publishing Corp.
red for the chief, black or blue for the commoners. https://www.studocu.com/ph/document/west-visayas-
Men also wear a turban called putong, which also state-university/bachelor-of-science-in-biology/analysis-
tell the social status/achievement of the individual
of-customs-of-the-tagalogs/14285245
wearing it. Female attire consisted of baro or
camisa (jacket with sleeves) and saya or
patadyong (a long skirt); some women wore a
piece of red or white cloth on top of their skirt called

PIGAFETTA
- Antonio Pigafetta was an Italian explorer and
scholar, a well-studied man who was simply
curious outside the world that is why he went
and joined the expedition with Magellan.
- Under the voyage of the world, they sailed
under the flag of King Charles I of Spain; he
served as Magellan’s assistant and while they
encounter the mysteries and explorations around
the world, he kept an accurate and detailed
journal which would be considered as a
primary source to the happenings.
- His journal includes also the first encounter of
the Spaniard and the Filipinos which would
basically essential in understanding the piece
of the history of the Philippines during the
pre-16th century history of the Philippines.
- Pigafetta’s journal is only the literary piece and
acts solid evidence that the Battle of Mactan
had occurred, if it doesn’t exist, the Battle of
Mactan, the first encounter of Spaniards and
Filipinos and the voyage of Magellan would
be just memories not called in history what
would be forgotten and unknown to anyone and
that is why is journal is called a piece of work
which is essential for those who are curious about
histories.
- He said that the Filipinos during that time have
their civilization and this proves that they have
their own way of living especially the cultural
development.
- They used wooden spears and shields
during their fights with group of Magellan.
- Pigafetta wrote down the mundane lives of the
Early Filipinos. He devotes what kind of foods
they have, their use to produce foods and other
matters.
- He recorded not only names of places and the
vocabulary of the natives, but their food,
attire, customs, and traditions, too. He
described historical events like the first Easter
Day Mass celebrated in the Philippines and the
battle of Mactan, where Magellan was killed by
Lapulapu’s men.
- De Viana, A. & Picadizo, Ma. V. (2018).
"Pahiwatig. A Guide for Understanding
Readings in Philippine History." Books Atbp.
Publishing Corp.
VIEWS ON CEBUANOS:
- In his observations, he noted that precolonial
Filipinos knew how to count. He also noted that the
locals were sophisticated enough to comb their hair
(they had a tool for that), and that they had actual
words for the different parts of their body.
- In his book, Primo viaggio intorno al mondo,
(First Voyage Around the World), he takes care
to record as many Filipino words as he can.
Disparagingly, or perhaps because of his
Eurocentric sense of superiority, he wrote:
“Vocabuli de questi populi gentili.” Which is
loosely translated as, “Words of those heathen
people.”
- The First Voyage Around The World by Antonio
Pigafetta gave us an account of the experiences of
around 270 people who joines the expedition. It
contains an accurate and detailed description of
everything they saw in their travels.
- Pigafetta showed the queen an image of our
Lady, a very beautiful wooden child Jesus, and a
cross. She asked for the little child Jesus to keep in
place of her idols and this image of child Jesus is
now known as the Sto. Nino found in Cebu.
- This document, The First Voyage Around The
World, elaborated the lifestyle back then and it
described what the local islanders wore, what they
ate, how they communicated, and how they lived.
- Pigafetta’s journal is the only known document
about LapuLapu.
e said
that the Filipinos
during that time
have their
civilization and
this proves that
they have their
own way of
living especially
the cultural
development.-