Digital Transformation using AI

and Emerging Technologies

Term IV Elective
Session 9 & 10
Agenda
• Computer Vision – Introduction
• Basic Mechanism
• Vispera and the future of retail
• Autonomous Vehicles
Who is he?
• Larry Roberts is considered the
pioneer and the father of
“computer vision” who introduced
the term in his PhD dissertation in
1960.
 What is Computer Vision
Computer Vision is a field
of AI that enables
computers and systems to
derive meaningful
information from digital
images, videos and other
visual inputs and make
recommendations based
on that information.
Computer Vision- the poster child of AI
 Computer Vision- Basic Mechanism
Image Pre-processing Feature Detection and High Level Decision
Acquisition (Re-sampling, Extraction Segmentation Processing making
(through noise (Lines, edges, (selection of (Image (Pass or fail,
sensors, reduction, ridges, interest points, recognition, compliance
cameras, other contrast localized segmentation Image checks)
visual input enhancement) interest points of specific registration)
devices) such as regions)
corners, blobs,
points)

Sensor Fusion: A tool that intelligently

combines data from several sensors to
Deep Learning
correct for the shortcomings of any
individual sensor.
Deep Learning
• Deep Learning is a type of machine learning wherein interconnected
layers of software-based calculators known as “neurons” form a
neural network.
• Convolutional neural network
A multilayered neural network with a special architecture designed to extract
increasingly complex features of the data at each layer to determine the output
Deep Learning Algorithms
Computer Vision- Broad Applications
Vispera: Visual Intelligence for Retail
• What is the business model of Vispera?
• What is the value that Vispera offers? What are the solutions/product
offerings?
• The type of learning?
• AS-IS Process and TO-BE Process?
• Competitive Landscape and the positioning of Vispera?
• Some of the way forward for Vispera?
The future of retail
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NrmMk1Myrxc
 Autonomous Vehicles

Radar Safety
Cameras More time for leisure and
Ultrasonic wheel sensors work
LiDAR Increased mobility for some
marginalized groups

Digital Mapping

Deep Learning for

situational awareness

• Enabling Technologies: Processer; Sensor Capabilities; Deep Learning

Autonomous Vehicles – Market Maker

Ride Hailing Driverless delivery and

($4 trillion market) business logistics
($3 trillion market)
Autonomous Vehicles –
Levels of Automation

• What you cannot measure, you cannot

monitor
• What you cannot monitor, you cannot
control
• What you cannot control, you cannot
manage
• What you cannot manage, you cannot
automate
Autonomous Vehicles – Levels of Automation
• Level 0 (No Automation): Drivers had total control of the vehicle.
• Level 1 (Driver Assistance): Some tasks (steering or speed control) is
assumed by automated systems in the vehicle
• Level 2 (Partial Automation): Both steering and
acceleration/deceleration were controlled by automated systems.
• Level 3 (Conditional Automation): All safety-critical functions are
delegated to the automobile when operating in normal traffic and
weather conditions. Driver interventions are occasionally necessary.
• Level 4 (High Automation): Vehicle are expected to perform all safety-
critical functions. However, every scenario may not be included.
• Level 5 (Full Automation): Vehicles are expected to carry out all safety
critical functions on par with a human driver.
Autonomous Vehicles – External Forces
Threat of
Substitutes
(High)

Supplier Industry Buyer

Power Competition Power
(High) (High) (Low)

Threat of
New
Entrants
(High)
AV – Who will emerge at the top of this crowded market?

Automotive
Industry
Incumbents

The
Consumer
Technology
Giants

Ride Sharing
Compannies
Thank you.