PASIVAS CON REPORTING VERBS

Pasivas formadas con la forma reported speech, teniendo en cuenta los

posibles verbos que la frase introduzca.

Este tipo de pasivas se pueden hacer de dos formas diferentes, ambas siendo
válidas.

VERBOS REPORTED SPEECH

ACKNOWLEDGE UNDERSTAND
CONSIDER BELIEVE
KNOW FEEL
THINK REPORT
ASSUME CLAIM
ESTIMATE FIND
PRESUME SAY

1) IT FUNCIONA COMO SUJETO

ESQUEMA SINTÁCTICO

El pronombre IT se pone como sujeto

+ Se transforma en pasiva el verbo del reported speech
+ El resto de la frase se queda igual

Ejemplo:
* ACTIVA: PEOPLE SAY THAT HE DID IT
subject reported speech verb

*PASIVA: (PEOPLE) IT IS SAID THAT HE DID IT

Se queda igual (Activa / Pasiva)

*ACTIVA: PEOPLE SAID THAT HE DID IT

subject reported speech verb

*PASIVA: (PEOPLE) IT WAS SAID THAT HE DID IT

Se queda igual (Activa / Pasiva)

 2) EL OBJETO PERSONA DE LA 2ª FRASE PASA A SER SUJETO
DE LA FRASE PASIVA SEGUIDO DEL INFINITIVO CON TO

La frase una vez convertida en pasiva, el sujeto va seguido del infinitivo + to

“normal” (to do), o si la frase está en pasada va seguido de infinitivo perfecto (to
have done)

*ACTIVA: PEOPLE SAID THAT HE DID IT

1ª FRASE 2ª FRASE

(PEOPLE SAID THAT) (HE DID IT)

SUJETO SUJETO PASAR A INFINITIVO

*PASIVA: HE WAS SAID TO HAVE DONE IT

1ª FRASE 2ª FRASE

*ACTIVA: PEOPLE SAY SHE HAS A LOT OF MONEY

SUJETO SUJETO PASAR A INFINITIVO

*PASIVA: SHE IS SAID TO HAVE A LOT OF MONEY

 PASIVAS CON WANT, NEED, LIKE…

WANT NEED LIKE

Verbos que se usan para pedirle a alguien que haga algo.

Estas frases están divididas en dos:

- FRASE 1: Introducida por los verbos indicados anteriormente. Mantiene la
forma una vez pasada a pasiva.
- FRASE 2: Parte de la frase que se modifica una vez pasada a pasiva.

FRASE 1 FRASE 2

*ACTIVA: I WANT YOU TO FINISH IT

*PASIVA: I WANT IT FINISHED

El VERBO de la segunda frase en activo, pasa a pasiva de la siguiente forma → TO BE +

PARTICIPIO (3º columna).

El OBJETO de la primera frase, pasa a ser SUJETO de la segunda frase.

*ACTIVA: THE TEACHER WANTS HIS STUDENTS TO DO THEIR HOMEWORK

Objeto

*PASIVA: THE TEACHER WANTS THEIR HOMEWORK TO BE DONE.

Sujeto Infinitivo

*ACTIVA: SHE NEEDS SOMEONE TO ANSWER THE PHONE

Objeto

*PASIVA: SHE NEEDS THE PHONE TO BE ANSWERED

Sujeto Infinitivo
 PASIVAS DE VERBOS CON PREPOSICIÓN

Al estar la frase compuesta por preposiciones o phrasal verbs (talk to / talk out),
una vez en pasiva el verbo va seguido de la preposición.

*ACTIVA: YOU MUST TALK TO HIM

*PASIVA: HE MUST BE TALKED TO

*ACTIVA: YOU SHOULD TALK TO HIM SLOWLY

*PASIVA: HE SHOULD BE TALKED TO SLOWLY

*ACTIVA: WE CUT DOWN THE TREE QUICKLY

*PASIVA: THE TREE WAS CUT DOWN QUICKLY

 PASIVAS DE SUPPOSE

El verbo SUPPOSE una vez en pasiva puede cambiar el significado de la frase:

- Según si ponemos detrás un infinitivo
- Según si ponemos detrás un infinitivo perfecto.

SUPPOSE (INFINITIVO + TO) → OBLIGACIÓN

*ACTIVA: YOU MUST PASS YOUR EXAM

*PASIVA: YOU ARE SUPPOSED TO PASS YOUR EXAM

*ACTIVA: HE SHOULD ALREADY BE HERE

*PASIVA: HE IS SUPPOSED TO BE ALREADY HERE

SUPPOSE (INFINITIVO PERFECTO) → SUPOSICIÓN

*ACTIVA: PEOPLE SUPPOSE SHE STOLE THE PAINTING

*PASIVA (1): SHE IS SUPPOSED TO HAVE STOLEN THE PAINTING

*ACTIVA: THEY SUPPOSE JOHN DID IT

*PASIVA: JOHN IS SUPPOSED TO HAVE DONE IT