Lesson 5 - Shear Strength in Beams

where

ultimate shear strength @ section considered; critical section

shear strength provided by the concrete

shear strength provided by the stirrups

spacing of stirrups,

Shear strength provided by the concrete,

A. Simplified:

➢ For members subjected to shear and flexure only

➢ For members subject to axial compression

shall be expressed in MPa

Where:

= factored axial load normal to cross section occurring simultaneously with to be taken as positive
for compression and negative for tension, and to include effects of tension due to creep and shrinkage.

= gross area of section in

B. Detailed:

➢ For members subjected to shear and flexure only

Choose the smallest value of :

Where:

= shall not be greater than 1.0

= steel ratio @ web ;

➢ For members subject to axial compression

Choose the smallest value of :

Where:

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 = not limited to 1.0

= modified moment

Value of λ

• 1.0 for normal weight of concrete

• 0.85 sand light weight of concrete

• 0.75 all light weight of concrete

Shear strength provided by the stirrups , and spacing of stirrups

Maximum spacing ,

Given that , if , the beam is inadequate.

Minimum Shear Reinforcement Area

Therefore, provide minimum shear area

Therefore,

Therefore, provide minimum shear area

Therefore, use

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Problem 5.1
A simply supported beam having a depth of 400 mm, width of 250 mm and a clear span of 5.7 m is carrying a factored load
uniformy distributed. Concrete compressive strength is and Stirrups diameter is 10 mm
and steel covering up to reinforcement is 70 mm.
a. Find the factored shear force at critical section.
b. Find the required spacing at the critical section.
c. Find the required spacing 2m from support.
d. If the beam is carrying an additional factored tensile axial load of 180 kN, find the spacing at critical section.

Given:

d = 330 mm

Solution:

a.) Vu @ Critical Section

Critical section is when L=d

b.) Spacing, @ Critical Section

Simplified w/out axial:

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 Check the value of s:

c.) Spacing, @ 2 m

Therefore, provide minimum shear area

1st Formula 2nd Formula

Check the value of s:

d.) Spacing, @ Critical Section when Axial force 180 kN is added

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 119.8596 119.8596

Check the value of s:

Problem 5.2
A 6m long simply supported beam is carrying a factored concentrated load of 500 kN acting at midspan, factored axial compression load of 250 kN, and a
factored uniformly distributed load of 6.921 kN/m. The beam is 300 mm wide and has a total depth of 700 mm. It is reinforced at the bottom side with
3-32 mm bars. Steel covering up to tensile reinforcement is 70 mm and compressive strength is 27.6 MPa. Tensile strength of bars is 276 MPa.
a. Find the modified moment at critical section.
b. Find the shear strength provided by the concrete.
c. Find the spacing of stirrups if the diameter of rebars is 10 mm.

Given:

R R

Solution:

a.) @ Critical Section

Choose the smallest value of :

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 R R

a.) =?

Check:

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 Therefore:

c.) Spacing,

Check the value of s:

Problem 5.3
A 6m long simply supported beam is carrying a factored concentrated load of 500 kN acting at midspan and a factored uniformly distributed load of 6.921
kN/m. The beam is 300 mm wide and has a total depth of 700 mm. It is reinforced at the bottom side with 3-32 mm bars. Steel covering up to tensile
reinforcement is 70 mm and compressive strength is 27.6 MPa. Tensile strength of bars is 276 MPa.
a. Find the shear strength provided by the concrete using detailed calculation.
b. Find the spacing of stirrups if the diameter of rebars is 10 mm.

Given:

R R

Solution:

a.)

Choose the smallest value of :

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 Check:

Therefore:

c.) Spacing,

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 Check the value of s:

Problem 5.4

Design the spacing of a 10-mm U stirrups for the beam with a span of 6m, effective depth is 570 mm and width equals to 375 mm, for
which dead load is equal to 45 kN/m (including its own weight) and live load is equal to 64 kN/m. Concrete compressive strength is
and

Given:

Solution:

Solving for

Factored uniform load:

R R

Equation of at any point "x" :

Solving for

Simplified w/out axial:

Solving for

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 Spacing of stirrups: Check the value of s:

or 600 mm

• Spacing @
Say @ 0.6 m of the beam, how many 80 mm spacing will be used?
say 8
At 8 spacing , the distance is 0.64 m already. So we will find the value of Vs and s for 0.64 distance.

At x=0.64 m , Vs = 301.237 and s =81.74, that means the spacing 80 mm can still be used. From 8, add 1 so we can use 9 spacing at 80
mm

We will continue to add 1 , 80 mm spacing until we reach the 100 mm spacing , then that will be the time to decide if how many 80 mm
spacing you will need,

As you can see, we reach 12, 80 mm spacing until we reach the 100 mm spacing, thus from 0 to 12(0.08) m we now change the sp acing of
stirrups

Note that you can use different spacing of stirrups in every distance of the beam that you want, but , in real life it would be uneconomically
and troublesome to the carpenters.

say 80 mm
Just be reminded, that your chosen spacing should be within the solved spacing of stirrups.

Use 12 stirrups @ 80 mm

• Spacing @ On this part, @ 0.96 m we solved the spacing of stirrups equal to 104.9958 mm and used 100 mm

Again, we will continue to add 1 , 100 mm spacing until we reach the 140 mm spacing

As you can see, we reach 3, 100 mm spacing until we reach the 140 mm spacing, thus @1.26 m we now change the spacing of
stirrups

say 100 mm

Use 3 stirrups @ 100 mm

• Spacing @

On this part, @ 1.26 m we solved the spacing of stirrups equal to 143.1766 mm and used 140 mm

Again, we will continue to add 1 , 140 mm spacing until we reach the 220 mm spacing

As you can see, we reach 2, 140 mm spacing until we reach the 220 mm spacing, thus @1.54 m we now change the spacing of
stirrups

say 140 mm

Use 2 stirrups @ 140 mm

• Spacing @

On this part, @ 1.54 m we solved the spacing of stirrups equal to 216 mm and used 220 mm

Again, we will continue to add 1 , 220 mm spacing until we reach the maximum 285 mm spacing

As you can see, we reach 2, 220 mm spacing until we reach the maximum 285 mm spacing , thus @ 1.98m we now change the
spacing of stirrups

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 As you can see, we reach 2, 220 mm spacing until we reach the maximum 285 mm spacing , thus @ 1.98m we now change the
spacing of stirrups

say 220 mm

Use 2 stirrups @ 220 mm

• Spacing @
At this point the solved spacing is above the maximum spacing of stirrups equals to 285 mm , therefore
it is decided that the spacing of stirrups from 1.98 m up to midspan is equal to 280 mm.

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