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Annotated Bibliography

Aguiar, Laura and Lynsey Gillespie. !Going Virtual: Moving outreach work online during the
COVID-19 pandemic.” British Museum Events. March 24, 2021. Webinar, 59:11. https://
www.youtube.com/watch?v=hHIOpXVUsWk

In this webinar with accompanying question and answer session, the Public Record
Office of Northern Ireland (PRONI) discusses the archives"#virtual outreach programs
and their creation process. PRONI team members Laura Aguiar and Lynsey Gillespie
both describe the online programs produced during the initial COVID-19 lockdowns, as
well as walk viewers through what steps the archives took in order to make PRONI"s
work digital. This research helps to provide better insight into what makes for a
successful transition between on-site programs and online.

Bobick, Bryna, and Carissa DiCindio, editors. Engaging Communities through Civic
Engagement in Art Museum Education. Advances in Media, Entertainment, and the Arts
Book Series. IGI Global, Information Science Reference, 2021.

This book provides a multitude of examples, experiences, studies, and reflections by

various authors on how many different art museums have fostered civic engagement
through community outreach. Community engagement projects presented here range
from African American students to intergenerational LGBTQIA individuals to visitors
with disabilities to the elderly, with articles including everything from specific examples
of community-driven exhibits and workshops, to foundational and theoretical frameworks
for museums to implement as needed. This book helps to provide a comprehensive
background and overview of many different types of engagement projects for many
different types of communities—what worked, what did not, why these projects were
chosen, and so on.

Camilla de Palma, Maria. “Selfies, Yoga and Hip Hop.” In Museums and Communities:
Diversity, Dialogue and Collaboration in an Age of Migrations, edited by Vivien Golding
and Jen Walklate. Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2018.

This chapter details the changing and evolving role of museums within their
communities. Camilla de Palma reflects on how museums have engaged with their
communities in the past, how museums and their collections have been reimagined for
the present, and what museums have done and are doing in order to better reflect diverse
communities and provide for multitudinous needs—be that yoga classes or dance
workshops—and as a resource, helps to lay a foundation for discussing different types of
community outreach and engagement by museums, such as art and music classes.

Cho, Hyojung. !Marketing Approach for Community Engagement: Lessons from Adults-Only
Museum Program Development.” International Journal of the Inclusive Museum 13, no.
2 (June 2020): 43-55. doi:10.18848/1835-2014/CGP/v13i02/43-55.

In this article, Cho reflects on the contradictory nature of museums as places of learning
despite many adults not visiting museums for that purpose. Cho posits a different
marketing approach as one way to reach out to adult learners, and describes the
development of an adult-only program, and includes several case studies of what methods
and marketing strategies were used to reach out to the intended audience—and the results
of these studies, concluding on the status and success of the program after its first year.
This reference serves the twofold purpose both of addressing community engagement
aimed at adults (as opposed to adolescents, students, etc.), as well as providing
suggestions for specific marketing strategies that might be implemented as part of that
outreach—something unique comparative to many other articles pertaining to community
engagement.

Davidow, Jackson. !The Healing Museum.” Art in America 109, no. 5 (September 2021): 58-63.

In this article, art therapy in a museum context is discussed specifically in relation to the
COVID-19 pandemic. The history behind art therapy and its benefits are highlighted, as
the article touches on steps museums have taken during the pandemic to make their
programming more inclusive, and how art therapy might be utilized in order to support
communities and help them heal in the wake of COVID-19. While there are multiple
resources for art therapy and even art therapy in museums, this is one of the few that
specifically explores art therapy in museums in relation to COVID-19.

Dostilio, Lina D., and Marshall Welch. “Cultivating High-Quality Partnerships.” In The
Community Engagement Professional"s Guidebook: A Companion to The Community
Engagement Professional in Higher Education. Bloomfield: Campus Compact, 2019.

In this chapter, the authors discuss important competencies and steps that should be
undertaken in order to forge high-caliber, successful partnerships. The authors also spend
time reflecting on the proper use (and frequent misuse) of the concept of !partnerships”
within the context of community engagement, and advocate a framework for establishing
which interactions and relationships with stakeholders qualify as a partnership. This
article helps to lay a foundation for understanding the development of a well-designed
community outreach program by elaborating on the pivotal but (as the chapter describes)
not always fully understood or properly utilized practice of establishing stable, mutually
beneficial partnerships.

Encyclopedia Britannica. “Cultural life.” Tennessee. Last modified September 2, 2021. https://
www.britannica.com/place/Tennessee/Cultural-life

This article published by Encyclopedia Britannica provides a thoughtful and thorough

overview of the arts, cultural institutions, and other forms of recreation and media across
Tennessee"s various economic, social, and geographic divisions. Special attention is given
to the state"s vaunted musical heritage across Eastern, Middle, and Western Tennessee.
This research provides context for the cultural life and history of Tennessee, in relation to
the type of arts and artists that would be offered by local art and music classes at a
museum.

Gutwill, Joshua P. !Science Self-Efficacy and Lifelong Learning: Emerging Adults in Science
Museums.” Visitor Studies 21, no. 1 (January 2018): 31-56.
doi:10.1080/10645578.2018.1503875.

In this article Gutwill explores the concepts of self-efficacy and the possibilities of self-
efficacy as applied to science museums, especially in young !emerging” adults. Gutwill
provides the results of his study of the effects of even a single museum visit to increase
self-efficacy in young adults, complete with pre- and post-visit surveys, and
accompanying interviews for many of the participants, with Gutwill"s findings
demonstrating that there is an immediate and improved impact, although the duration of
increased self-efficacy varied between women and men.

Hsieh, Hui-Jong. !Museum Lifelong Learning of the Aging People.” Procedia: Social and
Behavioral Sciences 2, no. 2 (January 1, 2010): 4831-35. doi:10.1016/
j.sbspro.2010.03.779.

This article reflects on the growing population of aging individuals worldwide, and their
continued need for lifelong learning. The article weighs in on how museum education can
help to bridge the divide between elderly populations and lifelong education, and how
museums are and are not accommodating for aging visitors, in conjunction with several
interviews from older individuals who describe the factors influencing whether they visit
a museum or not. Similarly to Hyojung Cho’s article, Hsieh’s research is useful for
exploring outreach to different members of the community; in this case, aging visitors
and what might or might not hinder their visits to a museum.

Lane, Ruth, Frank Vanclay, Jo Wills, and Damian Lucas. !Museum Outreach Programs to
Promote Community Engagement in Local Environmental Issues.” Australian Journal of
Public Administration 66, no. 2 (June 2007): 159-74. doi:10.1111/
j.1467-8500.2007.00525.x.

In this article, Lane et al. reflect on a local community engagement outreach programs,
specifically in the context of outreach to increase engagement with local environmental
issues. The authors go on to discuss a few of these different outreach programs,

evaluation methodologies, and how these programs might be further improved in the
future. Many articles detail how community outreach programs and museum events can
help visitors explore difficult topics and social justice issues—or support their own
mental health—while Lane et al.’s research explores a different perspective in how this
type of outreach can be used for the greater understanding and betterment of local
environments.

LaPierre, Suzanne S. !Participatory Digital Archiving and Community Engagement During

COVID-19: Often Quickly Launched in Crisis Mode, Many of These Initiatives Have
Evolved into Ongoing Endeavors.” Computers in Libraries, January 1, 2021.

In this article, LaPierre both reflects on the impact of the pandemic on museums,
galleries, archives, and libraries, as well as virtual endeavors at community outreach and
engagement that have arisen as a result. LaPierre surveys !pandemic projects” from
various museums, archives, and so forth that incorporated community participation. The
survey tasked respondents to discuss not only the nature of their projects, but the type of
audience these these endeavors drew in, how successfully the projects aligned with the
organization"s goals, and what implications and future use these projects may have going
forward—thus providing an exemplar of the types of digital programs and projects that
have been attempted, and which ones may serve as a viable template for future
community outreach.

Lawton, Pamela Harris. !At the Crossroads of Intersecting Ideologies: Community-Based Art
Education, Community Engagement, and Social Practice Art.” Studies in Art Education
60, no. 3 (July 2019): 203-18. doi:10.1080/00393541.2019.1639486.

In this article, Lawton describes the methodologies and underlying concepts behind art as
activism, community engagement, and !community art.” Lawton explores art education
within the context of community engagement and how community members and
professional artists can yield community art wherein community members and
professional artists work together to explore social and civic issues and concerns.
Lawton’s research is beneficial by means of the holistic overview provided by discussing
art as activism as well as community engagement, as well as how these can come
together to form “community art”—a concept that could itself be tied back into other,
similar research on the use of art therapy in museums.

Montclair Art Museum. !Native Artists, Northeast Futures.” Classes and Events. Accessed
October 1, 2021. https://www.montclairartmuseum.org/events/museum-events/native-
artists-northeast-futures-1

The Montclair Art Museum of New Jersey is hosting a two-day event of virtual classes
and panels with several Northeastern Indigenous artists who will, over the course of the

weekend, discuss and share their artwork and practices in mediums including painting,
beadwork, landscape art, photography, digital media, fashion, and performance; while
reflecting on environmental, regional, social, and historical influences in their art. The
weekend will conclude with an online workshop for families to create beaded friendship
bracelets with the artists. While each museum website provides an example of how
different museums have chosen to support their communities through different classes
and events, Montclair’s weekend-long seminar is specifically relevant in terms of
bringing local artists in to lecture on art unique to their culture and experiences, as
adapted for the COVID-19 pandemic through online webinars and digital workshops.

Monthaven Arts and Cultural Center. !Learn.” Accessed October 3, 2021. https://
monthavenartsandculturalcenter.com/

The website for the Monthaven Arts and Cultural Center outlines the camps, programs,
and art classes available for children, adults, and veterans. Classes for children and adults
must be paid for—including a supply fee—and offer a range of topics (watercolor,
photography fundamentals, depending on the intended group. Children"s art classes are
further divided into daytime or homeschool classes; weekend classes and specialty
workshops; and after school programs. The class for veterans is free with materials
included, and is intended to introduce veterans to the basics of making art with several
different mediums. The Monthaven classes stood out as a particular resource through the
multitude of offerings provided for children, tailored to different needs—daytime, after
school, etc.—as well as the inclusion of a specific art class for veterans.

Musical Instrument Museum. !Mini Music Makers.” Accessed October 1, 2021. http://mim.org/
mini-music-makers/
The Musical Instrument Museum website describes their class !Mini Music Makers,” for
children aged 0 to 5 years. The purpose of these classes is to help young children and
their caregivers experience a variety of music and musical culture from all over the
world, and for children to interact with music through singing, playing musical
instruments, dancing, and creating their own music. Classes are offered on select days
each week in person, with more restricted availability for online classes, and are priced
relatively affordably, with a !pay what you want” between three pricing options for the
online classes. While there is much research, programming, and focus dedicated to art as
a form of community engagement and therapy, examples of the same for music are more
sparse, as is the fact these classes were designed specifically for especially young
children.

New Britain Museum of American Art. !Education.” Accessed October 5, 2021. https://
nbmaa.org/education

The website for the New Britain Museum of American Art provides several pages of free
resources relating to digital community outreach. Materials include virtual lectures and
tours, some of which have been adapted to meet state and national standards and school
curriculums; art classes delivered as step-by-step video lessons; and finally,
downloadable art activities and their accompanying video instructions for children and
adults to engage with and enjoy at home, with projects that range from building a frame,
designing a chair, to sculpting a cityscape. The digital resources are what make this
reference particularly useful for research, with less focus on intensive webinars and
Zoom lectures and more on adapting art lessons into activities, printouts, and how-to
videos that participants can follow along with at home, on their own time.

Peacock, Karen. !Museum Education and Art Therapy: Exploring an Innovative Partnership.” Art
Therapy: Journal of the American Art Therapy Association 29, no. 3 (September 2012):
133-37. doi:10.1080/07421656.2012.701604.

Peacock summarizes her forays into existing research between the integration of art
therapy and museum education, noting that the juncture between museums and art
therapy still needs further understanding and research by professionals within both fields
—thus providing a foundation for additional exploration into the juncture between
community outreach, museum programming, and art therapy. Peacock includes her own
efforts to supplement research through e-mail surveys sent to museum educators, and
concludes by describing her work at the Memphis Brooks Museum of Art to launch their
own pilot art therapy program.

Reid, Natasha. !Inclusive Art Gallery Practices: Exploring Collaborative Processes and Pedagogy
in Outreach Community Programming.” Canadian Review of Art Education: Research
and Issues 38 (January 1, 2011): 68-83.

Here, Reid reflects on a case study in Montreal, Canada wherein an art gallery—in an
effort to improve engagement between museum and the community and to foster
increased inclusivity—introduced a new program of art workshops that built on a cyclical
framework of reaching out to the community before their visit to the museum; during
their visit; and after. Reid goes on to provide an overview of how this framework was put
into practice, evaluation methods for inclusive programming, and how the framework
was revised following its initial implementation: useful information for studying and
evaluating different museum classes and community engagement projects.

Reyhani Dejkameh, Mitra, and Rachel Shipps. !From Please Touch to ArtAccess: The Expansion
of a Museum-Based Art Therapy Program.” Art Therapy: Journal of the American Art
Therapy Association 35, no. 4 (October 2018): 211-17.
doi:10.1080/07421656.2018.1540821.

Reyhana Dejkameh and Shipps provide the background and context around the art
therapy ArtAccess program at the Queens Museum in New York, and how the program is
being expanded. Dejkameh and Shipps describe the methodology, data analyses, and
results that led to the early years of the ArtAccess program during the 1980s; highlight
strides and changes the program has made over the decades since then; before detailing
recent initiatives and reflecting on how ArtAccess has changed over time, its diverse
community, and the example it serves in the intersection between museums and art
therapy. This reference stands out as one of the few to have an example of art therapy in a
museum setting over a long period of time—to be able to review how the program has
changed, what has been successful and what has not, and what plans such a long-running
program has for the future.

Rochford, Jessie Spraggins. !Art Therapy and Art Museum Education: A Visitor-Focused
Collaboration.” Art Therapy: Journal of the American Art Therapy Association 34, no. 4
(October 2017): 209-14. doi:10.1080/07421656.2017.1383787.

Jessie Spraggins Rochford"s article pinpoints the variety of benefits of art therapy, and the
collaboration between art therapists and art museum education, and as such is useful for
further exploring the juxtaposition between museums and art therapy and how this can be
applied to outreach projects. Rochford elucidates on how art therapy and collaboration
with art museums can foster affective and social education and development; community
engagement; increasingly diverse and inclusive audiences and environments; and even
provide the framework to reflect on !difficult topics.”

Shaffer, Sharon. !Opening the Doors: Engaging Young Children in the Art Museum.” Art
Education 64, no. 6 (November 1, 2011): 40-46.

This article begins by emphasizing the importance of making visitors feel comfortable
with actively learning in a museum, and how this necessity extends to very young
children, even in more seemingly austere surroundings such as art galleries. The article
then goes on to explain how young children can be exposed to art and embraced by art
museums and their programming, complete with a detailed overview of how young
children see and process the world around them—and the benefits in incorporating young
children into the art museum experience. In combination with projects such as the
Musical Instrument Museum’s “Mini Music Makers,” Sharon’s research helps to round
out the efforts made by others to address adult visitors, aging visitors, etc. by focusing on
very young visitors instead.

Syed Sheriff, Rebecca J., Matti Vuorre, Evgenia Riga, Andrew K. Przybylski, Helen Adams,
Catherine J. Harmer, and John R. Geddes. !A Cultural Experience to Support Mental
Health in People Aged 16-24 during the COVID-19 Pandemic Compared to a Typical

Museum Website: Study Protocol of an Online Randomised Controlled Trial.” Trials 22,
no. 1 (July 22, 2021): 1-10. doi:10.1186/s13063-021-05441-z.

This UK-based study protocol describes the background, design, measurements, etc.
inherent in a recent online, controlled trial. The trial"s objective is to better support the
mental health of young people during the pandemic by designing an !online cultural
experience” specifically aimed at decreasing depression and anxiety, and compare it with
the experiences and effectiveness of using a more traditional museum website for the
same purpose. This article provides an example of some of the more innovative digital
projects emerging in relation to art therapy within the context of museums.

Tennessee Historical Society. !Tennessee Music.” Music. Accessed October 3, 2021. https://
tennesseehistory.org/music/

This online article by the Tennessee Historical Society provides a detailed breakdown of
the history of music across Tennessee. Particular attention is paid to Middle and West
Tennessee cities such as Nashville and Memphis, and the legendary artists that have
emerged and the musical genres that have been pioneered throughout the state, as well as
the historical context influencing several of these artists and genres—and can be used to
provide further depth and context to similar articles such as Encyclopedia Britannica’s.

Toledo Museum of Art. !Art Classes.” Youth and Adult Art Classes. Accessed October 3, 2021.
https://tickets.toledomuseum.org/Info.aspx?EventID=9

The Toledo Museum of Art website details several different types of classes, workshops,
and events, describing a century"s worth of experience in offering classes for different age
groups and skill levels; and subsequently, serves as a comprehensive example for
reviewing other museums and the types of outreach, events, and classes they offer. Some
two dozen art classes at a multitude of price points are offered on topics varying from the
very basics of art through printmaking and landscape painting and stained glass design,
with different classes tailored for children, teens, and adults alike, and spanning anywhere
from one to five sessions depending on the particular class. Many classes are offered for
visitors to explore the museum"s galleries virtually, and then incorporate that inspiration
into creating their own pieces.

Walden, Barbara B. !Like a Good Neighbor: Community Advocacy and Outreach for Small
Museums.” History News 68, no. 3 (July 1, 2013): 19-23.

Walden uses this article to put forth the argument of the importance of small museums in
particular to reach out and engage with their communities by identifying and addressing
specific needs. Walden reflects on several examples of smaller museums and how they
have sought to support and better understand their communities by building walking

trails, founding civic and religious alliances, serving as polling places during Election
Day, promoting historical preservation, etc.; with Walden concluding by once again
emphasizing the importance of small museums to become an active part of, and advocate
for, their local communities.