Assessment:

I. Cite the advantage and disadvantage of the given inventions of the 21st
Century. Two (2) points for every sensible and realistic answer
     1. Social Media - Advantage: It connects people all over the world making
it easier for families to get-together in just one video call.
Disadvantage: It increases the risks of cyber-bullying,
social anxiety, cybersex-pornography, depression and
addiction.
2. Multi-use rockets - Advantage: They can be refurbished after each
launch, although the costs of doing so are still much
less than building a new rocket. Furthermore, it can
be repeatedly tested and modified to sort out minor
problems, rather than engineers having to start from
scratch with a whole new rocket.
Disadvantage: Fuel can not be reused in the rocket
as it is released in the atmosphere as exhaust rate of
300 pounds/second and they produce carbon dioxide
which pollutes the atmosphere due to emission at
stratosphere layer and mesosphere layer.
3. Endoscopy Capsule - Advantage: This allows doctors to explore and
examine the human body, specifically the digestive
system, to identify any potential internal bleeding,
inflammation, or cancerous tumors.
Disadvantage: One disadvantage is that capsule
endoscopy is an all-day test, although patients do not
usually stay in the hospital to complete it. Another
disadvantage is the potential for the capsule to become
impacted or lodged within a narrow area or stricture in the
small intestine.
    4. Mobile Operating System - Advantage: Printers, modems, players, and
fax machines are all used by operating systems to share
data and important information with other users.
Furthermore, a single user can send emails to several
users at the same time to share the same info. Using an
operating system, you can also transfer applications,
photos, and media items from your PC to other devices.
Disadvantage: Operating systems are
extremely complicated, and the language used to create
them is not well defined. Furthermore, if there is an issue
with the OS that users do not understand, it cannot be
fixed quickly.
    5. Blockchain Technology - Advantage: Blockchain technologies are
designed in such a way that any block or even a
 transaction that adds to the chain cannot be edited, which
ultimately provides a very high range of security.
Disadvantage: To add the next block in the
chain miners need to compute nonce values many times
so this is a time-consuming process and needs to be
sped up to be used for industrial purposes.
6. Internet of Things - Advantage: It minimizes work and effort as it saves
time and effort. Furthermore, it is good for personal safety
and security.
Disadvantage: It increases unemployment rates.
Other than that, We lose control of our lives—our lives
will be fully controlled and reliant on technology.
7. Gene Editing / CRISPR - Advantage: Genetic engineering can design
foods that can withstand harsh temperatures and are
packed full of all the right nutrients. Additionally, it could
also be the answer to meet the heavy food demands that
are still not met in many countries.
Disadvantage: There is a high chance of
errors occurring during the gene editing process. Errors
can have devastating consequences. For example, a
researcher can accidentally delete a gene. This can
lead to developmental defects in the fetus.
8.  Bitcoin and Cryptocurrencies - Advantage: Bitcoins enable buyers to
complete transactions without disclosing any confidential
financial information to the seller. At the same time, your
true identity is hidden. Other than that, it lowers fraud-
risks and transparency.
Disadvantage: Bitcoins are effectively
"gone" if a hard drive crashes or a virus corrupts records,
and the wallet file is corrupted. There's nothing that can
be done to get it back. These coins will remain orphaned
in the scheme indefinitely. This has the potential to
bankrupt a wealthy Bitcoin investor in a matter of
seconds, with no means of recovering.

9. 3D Printing - Advantage: 3D printers are becoming more and more

accessible with more local service providers offering
outsourcing services for manufacturing work. This saves time
and doesn’t require expensive transport costs compared to more
traditional manufacturing processes produced abroad in
countries such as China.
Disadvantage: One potential problem with 3D printing is
directly related to the type of machine or process used, with
some printers having lower tolerances, meaning that final parts
 may differ from the original design. This can be fixed in post
processing, but it must be considered that this will further
increase the time and cost of production. 

    Guide Questions:
1. Cite one (1) problem related to science and technology that is faced by
the human  race today.
    2. Come up with two (2) scientific solutions for the problem.
    3. Are the solutions proposed ethical? How can we manage then ethical
dilemmas in science and technology?