KC Astronomy Club 2018 Test

Name:_____________________________ Class:____________ Student No._____________

1. The MOAA team discovered an extraterrestrial system consisting of 3 planets displaying
physical rules outside of our understanding. Below is a log T −log a graph plotted by the
team, where T is the period of the planet and a is the semi-major axis of the planet in
arbitrary units.

MOAA 团队发现了一个由 3 个行星构成的外星系统，这些行星显示了超越我们理

解的物理规则。 下面是团队绘制的 log T −log a 图，其中 T 是行星的周期，a 是行
星轨道的半长轴。T 与 a 为虚构单位。

Due to a technical error, the point for the third planet MOAA-C has been left out. It is
known that the period of MOAA-C is 109 . What is the semi-major axis of MOAA-C?
由于技术错误，第三颗行星 MOAA-C 的点被遗漏。 已知 MOAA-C 的周期是109 。
MOAA-C 的轨道半长轴是什么？

A. 7.2
B. 2 ×1010
5
C. 10 36
D. 107.2
2. The celestial sphere is an imaginary sphere concentric to Earth. All objects in the sky are
projected upon the inner surface of the celestial sphere. We measure the position of
objects in the sky using coordinates similar to that of Earth’s latitude and longitude,
which we call declination and right ascension respectively.
Below is an image from Wikipedia showing the concept of the celestial sphere.
天球是一个与地球同心的假想球体。 天空中的所有物体都投射在天球的内表面上。
我们使用类似于地球纬度和经度的坐标来测量天空中物体的位置，我们分别称为
赤纬和赤经。
下面是维基百科的图像，显示了天球的概念。

Declination

Declination on the celestial sphere is defined from the angle subtended between the
celestial equator and the point of interest. For example, Polaris is located approximately
at declination 90 ° N . An interesting fact is that the altitude of Polaris (angle above the
horizon) denotes one’s latitude of observation on Earth.
If Rayson sees a star of declination 30 ° S at zenith (directly overhead), what’s the latitude
of observation?
天球上的赤纬是从天赤道和任一点之间的角度所定义。 例如，北极星大约位于
90°N 的赤纬处。 一个有趣的事实是，北极星的高度表示观测者在地球上的观测纬
度。
如果雷森在天顶看到一颗 30°S 的赤纬星，那么观测的纬度是多少？
A. 30 ° N
B. 60 ° N
C. 30 ° S
D. 60 ° S
E.
3. Below is a picture of the sunset captured in 3 consecutive days. By what angle does the
Sun moves due South/North every day?
下面是连续 3 天拍摄的日落照片。 太阳每天向南/北移动了多大的角度？

A. 0.25
B. 0.5
C. 0.75
D. 1
4. Below shows an analemma taken at the Temple of Apollo in Athens. Circle the point
when the Sun is on winter solstice.
下面是在雅典阿波罗神庙拍摄的日行迹。圈出太阳在冬至点的位置。
5. Below shows a picture taken by William Chin at Hin Hua High School. For how long of
a duration was the startrail captured.
下面是兴华中学天文社教练 William Chin 拍摄的星迹图。试问拍摄时长。

A. 45 分钟
B. 90 分钟
C. 135 分钟
D. 180 分钟

6. Which of the below is not a way we calculate cosmological distances?

以下哪项不是我们计算宇宙各个物体距离的方式？

A. Parallax 视角差
B. Period Luminosity Relationship of δ Cephei Variable Stars 造父变星的周期光度关
系
C. Standard Candles 标准烛光
D. None of the above 以上皆非
7. Below is the ray diagram of a telescope we commonly use in astronomy. What is the type
of telescope?
 一下是我们在天文学中其一常用的望远镜的光路图。 试问望远镜的类型。

A. Newtonian telescope 牛顿式望远镜

B. Keplerian telescope 克卜勒式望远镜
C. Galilean telescope 伽利略式望远镜
D. Cassegrain telescope 卡塞格林式望远镜

8. Below is an extract from a Chinese poem.

一下是取自《诗经·国风·豳风·七月》的段落。

“七月流火，九月授衣。一之日觱发，二之日栗烈。无衣无褐，何以卒岁。
三之日于耜，四之日举趾。同我妇子，馌彼南亩，田畯至喜。”

七月流火 indicates that the celestial object in question starts to set in dusk every July of
the Chinese calendar (August in the Gregorian calendar we use now), indicating that
weather was turning cold. What is the celestial object?
七月流火原指某一夜空中的形体在农历七月（现今八月）开始在黄昏期间西下，天
气逐渐转凉。上述画线词语为何物?

A. Mars 火星
B. Antares 心宿二
C. Betelgeuse 参宿四
D. Aldebaran 毕宿五
9. Saturn at its brightest is of -0.24 magnitude, Venus is seen 100 times brighter that Saturn.
What is the apparent magnitude of Venus?
土星最亮的时候可测得有星等 -0.24，而金星比土星亮上 100 倍。试问进行的视星
等为多少？

A. -5.24
B. +4.76
C. -100.24
D. +99.76

10. Which of the below is not information the colour or spectrum of a star can provide?
以下哪项是不可以从恒星的颜色或光谱得知的？

A. Temperature 温度
B. Elemental composition 组成元素
C. Radius 半径
D. None of the above 以上皆非