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Integración por fracciones parciales.

𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 5
∫ 𝑑𝑥 =
(𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 + 1)2
𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 5 𝐴 𝐵 𝐶
∫ 2
𝑑𝑥 = + +
(𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 + 1) (𝑥 − 1) (𝑥 + 1) (𝑥 + 1)2
𝐴(𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 + 1)2 𝐵(𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 + 1)2 𝐶 (𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 + 1)2
𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 5 = + +
(𝑥 − 1) (𝑥 + 1) (𝑥 + 1)2
𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 5 = 𝐴(𝑥 + 1)2 + 𝐵(𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 + 1) + 𝐶 (𝑥 − 1)
𝑥 = −1
(−1)2 + (4 − 1)(+5)
1 − 4 + 5 = 𝐶 (−2)
2 = 𝐶 (−2)
𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 5 = (−1)2 + 4(−1) + 5 = 1 − 4 + 5 = 2
1 − 4 + 5 = 𝐶 (−2)
2 = −2𝐶
2
=𝐶
−2
−1 = 𝐶
𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 5 = 𝐴(𝑥 + 1)2 + 𝐵(𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 + 1) + 𝐶 (𝑥 − 1)
𝑥=1
𝐴(1 + 1)2 + 𝐵(1 − 1)(1 + 1) + 𝐶 (1 − 1)
𝐴(2)2 + 𝐵(0)(2) + 𝐶 (0)
= 𝐴(4)
𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 5 = (1)2 + 4(1) + 5 = 1 + 4 + 5
1 + 4 + 5 = 4(𝐴)
10 = 4𝐴
10 5
=𝐴 =𝐴
4 2
5
𝐴= 𝐶 = −1 𝑥=0
2
(0)2 + 4(0) + 5 = 𝐴(𝑥 + 1)2 + 𝐵(𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 + 1) + 𝐶 (𝑥 − 1)
5
5= (0 + 1)2 + 𝐵(0 − 1)(0 + 1) + (−1)(0 − 1)
2
5
5= (1)2 + 𝐵(0 − 1)(1) + (−1)(0 − 1)
2
5
5= + 𝐵(−1)(1) − 1(−1)
2
5
5= −𝐵+1
2
7
5= −𝐵
2
5
𝐵= −5
2
5
𝐵=−
2
5 5
𝐴= 𝐵=− 𝐶 = −1
2 2
5 5
−2 −1 5 𝑑𝑥 5 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
∫( 2 + + ) 𝑑𝑥 = ∫ − ∫ −∫
(𝑥 − 1) (𝑥 + 1) (𝑥 + 1) 2 2 (𝑥 − 1) 2 (𝑥 + 1) (𝑥 + 1)2

𝑑𝑥 𝑢−1 −1
∫ = 𝑢: 𝑥 + 1; 𝑑𝑢: 𝑑𝑥 = =
(𝑥 + 1)2 −1 𝑢
5 5 −1
𝐿𝑛 (𝑥 − 1) − 𝐿𝑛(𝑥 − 1) − ( )+𝐶
2 2 𝑥+1
5 5 1
𝐿𝑛 (𝑥 − 1) − 𝐿𝑛(𝑥 − 1) + +𝐶
2 2 𝑥+1

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