ASSIGNMENT INOVATION AND INNVANTION

Smart animal trap using IoT

NAME OF GROUP MEMBERS :

 M0HAMAD FAIZ AIMAN BIN MOHD ARSHAD (22B09D004)
 MOHAMAD IZZAT FARHAN BIN MOHD NAZRI (22B09D003)
 SHAH AMIRUL BIN BADRI (22B09D005)

LECTURER NAME : PROF. TS. DR. AHMED H. A. DABWAN

 TABLE OF CONTENT

CHAPTE TITLE PAGE

R
1.0 DEFINITION OF INVENTION AND INNOVATION 3
2.0 INTRODUCTION 4
3.0 STATEMENT OF PROBLEM 5
4.0 OBJECTIVE -
5.0 SCOPE OF PROJECT -
6.0 PROJECT METHODOLOGY 6
6.1 Project Block Diagram -
6.2 Project Flow Chart 7
7.0 MATERIALS 8
7.1 Wi-Fi Arduino Uno ESP8266 -
7.2 Animal cage 9
7.3 Power bank 10
7.4 Infrared Sensor 11
8.0 PROJECT DESIGN 12
9.0 CIRCUIT DEVELOPMENT 13-14
10.0 Program and Software 15-16
11.0 Hardware Development 17-18
12.0 Step Operation 19-21
13.0 RESULT 22
Conclusion 23

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1.0 DEFINITION OF INVENTION AND INNOVATION

To ensure that the world keeps progressing, it is imperative for there to be

inventions and innovations in the market. In the absence of these, there would be no
new developments and the world would become stationary. When one checks the
meaning of the two terms in a dictionary, they have almost the same meaning; however,
the truth is that the two terms are actually quite distinct from one another. Invention
refers to the creation of new products or services -those that are the first of their kind
and have never been created before. On the other hand, innovation essentially refers to
the improvements brought about in a product or service that is already present in the
market.

It is important to determine the difference between invention and innovation. An

analogy that can be used to differentiate the two is a pebble that is thrown in a pool of
water. The pebble should be considered as an invention, while the ripple effect created
in the water by the pebble is innovation. This article will define invention and
innovation in more detail, and discuss the differences between the two.

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2.0 INTRODUCTION

Trapping is practiced almost everywhere in the world for a variety of reasons.

Trapping provides food and income. Trapping also help to maintain stable and healthy
wildlife populations. Most species can produce more young than their habitat can
support to adulthood. Trapping can also help to protect threatened or endangered
species for examples, endangered sea turtle egg, black footed ferret, whopping cranes
and other rare species may need protection from excessive predation by foxes. Other
than that, trapping also needed for research and relocation. As examples modern
foothold or others restraining traps allow biologist to capture, radio collar and release
wildlife unharmed, in order to monitor the animals and learn more about their behaviour
and needs.

Capturing wildlife species for food and fur has long been a part of human
existence. Since prehistoric times, humans have used traps of one design or another to
provide basic necessities for survival. However, in the modern era, traps are more of a
wildlife management tool and a form of recreation than foraging. Organizations and
individuals who oppose the trap say it is unnecessary and harmful to the environment,
but the opposite is true.

Pest control is the regulation or management of species defined as pests, animals

that are affected by human activities. Human response depends on the severity of the
damage done, and will range from tolerance, through prevention and management, to
trying to completely eradicate the pest. Pest control measures can be done as part of an
integrated pest management strategy. In agriculture, pests are controlled by cultural,
chemical and biological means. Fertilizing and tilling the soil before sowing reduces the
pest load and there is a modern trend to limit the use of pesticides as much as possible.
This can be achieved by monitoring crops, only using insecticides when necessary, and
by planting varieties and crops that are resistant to pests. Where possible, biological
means are used, encouraging the pest's natural enemies and introducing suitable
predators or parasites. In homes and urban environments, pests are rodents, birds,
insects and other organisms that share habitat with humans, and that eat and destroy

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property. Pest control is done through exclusion, rejection, physical removal or
chemical means. Alternatively, various biological control methods can be used
including sterilization programs.

3.0 STATEMENT OF PROBLEM

Nowadays, there are many people who live dependent on agricultural resources.
Agriculture has become a source of finance to them. There are so many species of
wildlife and pests that we cannot control their violence which has a detrimental effect
on crops and disturbs the home environment. If they use common traps for animals, it is
difficult for them to come and check their traps whether they are hit or not. We will try
to build a trap that will give you a notification on your phone when the animal hits the
trap.

4.0 OBJECTIVE

 To build animal traps using iot that can send trap information to user.
 Can save users time from waiting for the animal to enter the cage.
 This product can be used anywhere.

5.0 SCOPE OF PROJECT

 This trap will send information to the user whether it has successful cum animal
or not, the user does not have to wait near the trap because the information will
be sent via IOT to the user’s mobile phone.

 This project will use the battery as the power supply. So, this project will work
depends on the battery life. When the battery is out of power, we have to switch
or charge the battery to keep the trap working.

 The main entrance will be closed when the animal touches the bait. It means this
trap will be able to catch only 1 animal every 1 setup.

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6.0 PROJECT METHODOLOGY

6.1 Project Block Diagram

Block diagram show that the input which is the sensor will detect if anything
happens to the cage and it will be a signal sending to the processor which is Wi-Fi
Arduino. WIFI Arduino will send the information to users via mobile phone (wireless
communication.

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6.2 Project Flow Chart

Flow chart below show the process of the project work from the beginning until
end. First we have to switch on an setup the trap. Then, we have to wait for sensor
detecting the animal. When the animal detected in the trap, Arduino will sent the
information to the mobile phone via IOT. In the end of project, the user will get the
information about the trap.

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7.0 MATERIALS

7.1 Wi-Fi Arduino Uno ESP8266

Wi-Fi Arduino Uno ESP8266 will be used as a tool to send the information to
the users via mobile phone(wireless communication). Starting with Arduino IDE 1.6.4,
the software allows installation of third-party platform packages using Boards Manager.
There are packages available for Windows, Mac OS, and Linux (32 and 64 bit).
Install Arduino 1.6.5 from the Arduino website. Start Arduino and open Preferences
window. Enter http://arduino.esp8266.com/stable/package_esp8266com_index.json into
Additional Board Manager URLs field. Add multiple URLs, separating them with
commas. This link actually used to search the boards from Arduino IDE.

7.2 Animal cage

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 Animal cage used to be the trap for the animal that need the bait as the usual trap
in order to catch the animal. The animal trap with the mechanical spring used to
close the main entrance for the trap. The width of the trap is 33cm. The length of
the trap is 60cm. The trap provide a place for animal food that will be the bait
that can attract the animal. Once the animal touch the bait, the main entrance
will be closed immediately. This trap I have been purchased by online shopping
in Shopee.

7.3 Power bank

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 This project will use power bank to supply the power to Arduino. We can charge
this supply when out of power. The power bank that I used in this project
represented by PINENG that will store 20000mAh capacity of power. The
power bank provides two port for output and one port for input. There are two
port for output which supply 5V 2.1A and 5V 1.0A. The power bank also has
the digital display that show the percentage of battery life power bank. One of
the ports is the input port that can support 5V 2A. The power bank will supply
5V to on the ESP 8266.

7.4 Infrared Sensor

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Sensor works to detect if the animal hit the trap and send the signal to Arduino and
later the information will be sent to the user. An infrared sensor (IR sensor) is a
radiation-sensitive optoelectronic component with a spectral sensitivity in the infrared
wavelength range 780 nm … 50 µm. IR sensors are now widely used in motion
detectors, which are used in building services to switch on lamps or in alarm systems to
detect unwelcome guests. In a defined angle range, the sensor elements detect the heat
radiation (infrared radiation) that changes over time and space due to the movement of
people. Such infrared sensors only have to meet relatively low requirements and are
low-cost mass-produced items. Infratech does not supply such products, Infratech
develops, produces and sells pyroelectric detectors. The sensor has 3 pins for output,
ground and VCC.

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8.0 PROJECT DESIGN

Figure shown the project design of my project. The sensor will be on the side of the
cage. The sensor placement is according to the distance of the sensor detecting. My
circuit will be covered to protect from the animal and the weather.

FINANCING

UNIT PRICE
Arduino wifi-uno ESP8266 RM 25.90
Animal cage RM 60.00
Power Bank RM 29.90
IR Sensor RM 1.90
TOTAL RM 117.70

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 9.0 CIRCUIT DEVELOPMENT

Figure shows ESP8266 Wi-Fi module that already connected to Infra-red sensor. Pin 5V at
Arduino board connected to the VCC pin at IR sensor. Then pin ground at Arduino boards
connected to the ground pin at IR sensor. Last, the output pin at IR sensor was connected to
port D5 at Arduino board.

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Figure shows the connection for power supply which is power bank that has been connected
to Arduino board. This power supply directly supply 5V to turn on the Arduino. One of the
LED at IR sensor will light up if the sensor blocked by something.

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10.0 Program and Software

The software that used in this project is Arduino IDE. Coding that have been created have to
put in this software and start searching the library for ESP 8266 and blynk. The SSID Name
and the password of the Wi-Fi also include in this coding. Then the coding will be upload to
Arduino board

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Blynk apps that have been downloaded from apps store can set up our pop-up notification.
This apps can connect with Arduino board with Wi-Fi connection. This app also gifts the
notification went our project is offline.

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11.0 Hardware Development

The hardware development begins with assemble the component in one box that can protect
the circuit. Then the circuit box with the component should stick it on the side of the trap.

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Figure shows the complete hardware which is the trap that has been stick with the circuit box
and sensor.

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12.0 Step Operation

Firstly, setup the trap and the bait for animal. Then start to turn the power supply to run the
project. Once the project was supply to the power supply, the project is ready to connect with
our mobile phone.

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 Then, turn on your mobile hotspot and the Arduino board will connect automatically to our
mobile phone. All this happen in one condition which is the network SSID and wifi password
coding have been upload to Arduino boards.
Lastly, when sensor detect the animal or any obstacles, blynk will send the notification on
our mobile phone “ALERT: Animal Trapped”.

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When the power bank out of power and the Arduino stop running, blynk will send the
notification that “Your smart trap with IoT went offline.

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13.0 RESULT

Expected Results
In the end of this project we will see how sensor work to detect the animal in the cage
and be the signal sending device. The user will get the information about the trap through the
notification on their mobile phone. The notification sent to mobile phone if any animals hit
the trap.

If the sensor detecting the animal in the cage, Blynk automatically send the notification on
our mobile phone.
Attempt Time responses(s)
1st 5 seconds
2nd 7 seconds
3rd 6 seconds
Table shows the time of the sensor response detection and send the notification on mobile
phone. Data recorded for three attempt. First attempt, the project take 5 seconds to send the
notification to mobile phone. Second attempt it took 7 seconds and the third attempt it took 6
seconds.

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Conclusion

From the result I can conclude that sensor will immediately detect the animal in the cage and
the time of notification will sent to our mobile is very short. We can know if there are animal
trapped or not in 7 second or less. In conclusion this project will help the people who work as
agricultural to protect their plantation from the wildlife. The user will know if there are
animal hit the trap instantly. So, it will fix the problem that the animal dead before we come
to visit the trap. We will also don’t need to be worry and wait near the trap

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