Gic

1
how many teeth do adults have?
32

2
how many teeth do children have?

20

3
What’s the difference between adult & deciduous?

Deciduous teeth are whiter (dentine thicker)

4
what does mandibular mean?

lower jaw

5
What does the maxillary jaw mean?

relates to the upper jaw.

6
mixed dentition?

a series of primary and secondary teeth

7
FDI notation

ways we can numerically associate numbers with teeth.

8
Palmers’ notation
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used by dental professions to associate info with a specific tooth.

9
Midline

imaginary line dividing the body into left and right.

10
Describe the buccal surface.

A surface of the tooth, posterior towards the cheek

11
Describe Labial

an anterior surface of the tooth closest to the lip

12
What is the basic composition of GIC?

Cement powder: Aluminosilicate glass (calcium or strontium), fluoride (oxygen

scavenger)
+
Acid polymer: Polyalkeonic
13
What does GIC stand for?

Glass-Ionomer Cement

14
What is the composition of Ion-leachable Glass?
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Sodium fluoride
Calcium fluoride
Aluminium fluoride
Aluminium oxide
Aluminium phosphate
Silicon dioxide

15
The 3 stages of setting reaction?
Dissolution
Precipitation of Salts
Hydration of Salts

16
Describe Dissolution

The surface layer of the glass is attached by the polyacid to form a diffusion-based
union between the two. 20-30% of the glass is decomposed and calcium/strontium,
aluminium and fluoride ions are released to yield a cement sol.

17
Describe Precipitation of Salts

Initial clinical set occurs by cross-linkage of the more readily available ions. Reaction is
rapid 4-10 minutes from start of mixing. Maturation takes place over 24 hours.

18
Describe the Hydration of Salts
Maturation phase of the progressive hydration of the matrix salts resulting in
improvement of the physical properties, takes place up to several days.

Final material is porous enough to allow free movement of hydroxyl and fluoride ions in
and out of material.
19
Advantages of GIC?
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Biological potential of GIC

Resistance to plaque
Pulp response to GIC
Fluoride release
Sensitivity to luting materials.

20
What is meant by Biological potential of GIC?

Contains calcium, strontium, and fluoride ions- all can migrate in and out of material and
aid remineralisation.

21
What is meant by Resistance to plaque?

Colonies FAIL to thrive in presence of fluoride.

22
What is meant by Pulp response to GIC?

Creates very favourable conditions. Acid of material pH ranges between 0.9-1.6 but
increases within the first hour and inflammation resolves 10-20 days.

23
How long does fluoride release in GIC restoration?

It has major clinical significance and can continue up to 7 years after restoration is
placed.

24
What is the solubility level of the GIC?
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Low referring to does not dissolve in water.

25
Can GIC disintegrate?

Higher rates in patients with Xerostomia <1year unless laminated with composite resin.

26
Is GIC susceptible to fracture and abrasion?

Brittle fracture yes, it is also less resistant to abrasion but improves as it matures.

27
Explain how GIC bonds to the tooth.

Initiated by polyalkeonic acid → calcium of hydroxyapatite → phosphate ions are then

displaced. Setting of GIC release of mineral ions from enamel/dentine leads to buffering
of polyacid a ↑ pH and re-precipitation of minerals at the tooth interface.

Chemical bonding occurs through combined

calcium/strontium phosphate/polyalkenoiate
crystalline structure acting as an interface
between both enamel/dentine and the set
material. Known as diffusion-based adhesion.

28
What are the barriers to adhesion?

If smear layer is not removed

Contamination of blood, saliva excess water
If setting reaction is far advanced before application.
.
29
What is the water balance of auto cure GIC?
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Water in immediately critical

Water out: critical for 6 months

30
What is the water balance of Resin-modified and other GICs?

Water in- less critical for RM

Water out: critical for two weeks for all cements

31
Describe the clinical handling of GIC.

10% polyacrylic acid function to condition prepared cavity and removes smear layer. DO
NOT etch.

32
What are the indications for GIC?

Deciduous teeth
Root caries
Temp restorations
Fissure protections

33
What is the contraindication of GIC?

Class IV fractures
Lost cusp areas
Under PFMS
Areas of high occlusal load

34
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List 4 advantages of GIC

Bonds to enamel and dentine

Fluoride release and recharge
Tooth coloured
Minimal cavity prep.

35
List 4 disadvantaged of GIC

Poor wear resistance

Poor longevity in xerostomic patients
Less polish ability than resin
Opacity higher than resin