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Design for Assembly (DFA) is a design method to facilitate or reduce the assembly operations of parts
or components of a product.
The difference is that one focuses on parts (DFM) and the other on part assembly (DFA).
Hence the importance of using design for manufacturing or design for assembly.
On the other hand, it can lead to an extremely complicated part to produce, with a high cost.
It is therefore appropriate to use a combined Design for Manufacturing and Assembly (DFMA)
approach, which has become the standard today.
Reduce the overall number of components or parts. This is the case if a product exists in several
variants (each of which may differ by a module) or if several products may use the same module.
This reduces the associated indirect costs (administrative and logistical)
Reduce redesign or test costs by using existing modules rather than new parts
Take advantage of production scale effects for modules common to several parts
On the other hand, modularity is limited by the potential increase in assembly costs with more
connections.
This applies particularly to finishing operations such as machining and painting, which must be limited.
We can also mention complex moulding parts.
It is necessary to design fasteners that have the lowest cost, for example:
The parts must be designed to be easily and safely grasped by the operator: not too small, not too
large, not too heavy, not with sharp edges or tips.
collaborative work between design and manufacturing teams. Many stakeholders must participate
in this process: marketing or sales (definition of the initial specifications), R&D or engineering,
purchasing, manufacturing methods, quality and even logistics teams (logistical constraints) or
customer service teams
an upstream work; it starts at the marketing phase, which can therefore be several months or even
years before the arrival in production
practice feedback on products already in production. It is not only a question of production teams
being involved in R&D, but also of R&D teams coming into production to see for themselves
The Design for six sigma (DFSS), which seeks to reduce manufacturing defects and variations by
ensuring a part manufacturing capability greater than 4.5 sigma
The Design For Testability (DFT), which aims to make it easier to test products in production. It is
often included in the design for manufacturing
The Design For Maintainability (DFM), planned for the design of manufacturing equipment and
seeking to allow easier, less costly maintenance that can be carried out without production
stoppage.
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Scientific R&D (physico-chemical, natural or material processing
industries: chemistry, life sciences, metallurgy, agri-food...)
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