CABUYAO INTEGRATED NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL i

The Effects of Lack of Gadgets on the Academic Performance

of the Selected Grade 10 Students in CINHS for S.Y 2020-
2021

A Research presented to:

Crystal Vinalay

Mr. Veracruz

Mr. Maala

Researchers:

Christian Bombay

Darwin Quisora

Keith Raven Santillan

Sean Kurt Munar

Yvanne Joshua Velarde

Jed Angela Ilan

Divina Gracia Capuz

Patricia Bernadette Sarmiento Bron

 CABUYAO INTEGRATED NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL ii

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title Page ……………………………………………………… i

--

CHAPTER

I. THE PROBLEM AND ITS SCOPE

INTRODUCTION

Introduction ………………………………… 1

Background …………………………………. 2

THE PROBLEM

Statement of the Problem ……………… 3

Hypothesis ……………… 3

Significance of the Study ……………… 3

Scope and Limitations ……………… 4

Definition of Terms ……………… 4

II. REVIEW OF LITERATURE AND

STUDIES ……………………………………… 6
 CABUYAO INTEGRATED NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL iii

III. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY

Research Methodology …………………. 10

Research Design …………………. 10

Instrument of the Study …………………. 11

Respondents of the Study …………………. 12

Statistical Treatment of Data …………………. 13

Likert Scale …………………. 13

IV. PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS, AND

INTERPRETATION OF DATA …………………. 14

V. SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS, AND

RECOMMENDATIONS

Summary of Findings …………………. 17

Conclusions …………………. 18

Recommendations …………………. 19

BIBLIOGRAPHY …………………………………. 20

APPENDICES ………………………………….
 CABUYAO INTEGRATED NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL 1

CHAPTER I

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

This chapter discusses the problem to be investigated and a brief overview.

Introduction
According to The New York Times (2020), even while we take considerable
initiatives to “flatten the curve” of the coronavirus pandemic, one of the most difficult
decisions has been whether to close schools. In which they mentioned that the
educational environment is ideal for disease transmission. Students are frequently
crammed into tight classrooms where sitting six feet apart is impossible. By changing
rooms to attend different classes, they interact and develop other similar groups. They
are seated side by side in a huge room to dine together.
As we all know, we are in the midst of a global leaning crisis, which has had a
tremendous impact on our businesses, daily lives, and so on. It had a significant impact
on our education, with several schools forced to close due to the risk of spreading the
virus. As a result, a new learning modality was born. Online distance learning and
modular distance learning are two types of distance learning. You can’t blame the
students for choosing online classes over modular for online classes gives them this
privilege to interact with their teachers along with their classmates through online
softwares. But we can’t ignore the fact that there are many who still lack the accessibility
of gadgets towards e-learning.
This study ought to determine how lack of gadgets impacts the academic
performance of selected Grade 10 students at Cabuyao Integrated National High School.
This study will serve as a voice to those who face difficulties in terms of lack of gadgets
in the new learning modality
 CABUYAO INTEGRATED NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL 2

Background of the Study

Gadgets are the daily ones we use to communicate with our family, friends and
teachers. It is also the one we use for learning. (Dewi Ratnasari and Haryanto, 2019)

Schools and educational institutes have remained closed even after the unlock
phases to ensure the safety of students, teachers and their families (The New York Times,
2020)

This research was conducted at the Cabuyao National High School. It targeted to
know the idea of using digital technologies to teach students from homes was introduced
to continue with education and overcome mental stress and anxiety during the lockdown.

The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in a digital revolution in the higher education

system through online lectures, teleconferencing, digital open books, online examination
and interaction in virtual environments. Many of the students use smartphones for learning
even though sometimes we have difficulty in editing and arranging our output to be sent
to our teacher yet we can still use it to create and submit. This year most of the students
have not been able to study but they want to because they do not have the ability to buy
gadgets and install internet in their homes and also do not have a load to attend class.

Also, most students are able to finish synchronous online classes. Still millions of
students continue to endure difficulties of the new learning system Deped showed that in
fact more than 25million enrolled this year 2020-2021 and continued their education amid
the pandemic. but many also did not choose to study first due to poverty and lack of
gadgets. more than 3.5 million were also recorded by the deped who did not choose to
study this year due to the lack of providing for their educational needs.
 CABUYAO INTEGRATED NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL 3

Statement of the Problem

The purpose of this study is for researchers to find out what is the effect of lack
of gadget on the learning of Grade 10 students of Cabuyao Integrated National High
School in new normal.
1. How does the lack of gadgets affect students in terms of

1.1. Learning
1.2. Interaction with teacher
1.3. Outcome
2. Is there any significant relationship between the lack of gadgets in the
academic performance of selected gr 10 students in CINHS?

Hypothesis

The lack of access of students to electronic devices would have a significant

impact in their academic performance throughout the school year.Significance of the
Study

Significance of the Study

The findings of this study will provide extensive help of the following:
Students. This research will help students, as it will be the voice of the
students who faces difficulties in terms of lack of gadgets in the new learning modality
caused by the global pandemic COVID19. This will also provide them some alternatives
and measures to cope up with the new learning modality, giving them an idea of how to
overcome their difficulties with their studies to improve one’s performance.
Parents. This is highly beneficial for parents since it will provide them with
pertinent information on how a student's/their kids academic performance is affected by
a lack of gadgets.
Teachers. This will allow them to understand how their students are
experiencing dealing with difficulties in the existing learning modality. So that they
 CABUYAO INTEGRATED NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL 4

could assess the effectiveness of the way of learning they give and cope up with the
students for a healthy learning environment.
Community. This will make the community more aware of the difficulties that
a student is experiencing, and they will be more conscious of the educational needs of
students. They may also advocate initiatives that provide students with the opportunity
to meet their educational needs.
Future Researchers. This study will be used as secondary data and a future
reference on the effects of a lack of gadgets on the academic performance of the selected
students.

Scope and Limitations

This study is limited only to selected Grade 10 Students of Cabuyao Integrated

National High School during the Academic Year 2020-2021
Determining the factors affecting the Academic Performance of Cabuyao
Integrated National High School Students was the focus on this research. The
information needed will be gathered using the checklist style research-made
questionnaire. All information and conclusions drawn from this study were obtained
only to this particular group of students.

Definition of Terms

These terminologies used in the study were defined from the researcher's
operational point of view in order to help the readers understand the study more
efficiently.
Academic Performance - This refers to the degree or capacity of student’s
knowledge in academics.
Communication - It is the act of transferring information from one place to
another. Oral and written message.
 CABUYAO INTEGRATED NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL 5

Classroom Performance - refers to the overall performance of a student inside

the classroom after the lesson.
DepEd (Department of Education) - It is the department that administers all
federal programs dealing with education (including federal aid to educational
institutions and students.
Gadget - an often small mechanical or electronic device with a practical use but
often thought of as a novelty.
Interaction - communication or direct involvement with someone or something.
Outcome - the way things turn out; describe the knowledge or skills students
should acquire by the end of a particular assignment, class, course, or program.
Technology - machinery and equipment developed from the application of
scientific knowledge.
Pertinent - relevant or applicable to a particular matter; apposite.
 CABUYAO INTEGRATED NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL 6

CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

This chapter contains the ideas, completed thesis, generalizations or findings,

methodology, and so forth. Those presented in this chapter aid in familiarizing oneself
with information that is related and similar to the current research.

Foreign Studies

According to International Labour Organization (2020), an emphasis on

virtual learning may increase existing disparities in education, particularly in developing
countries, marginalized communities, and rural areas where access to technology and
dependable internet connections may be limited. Even within schools, inequities such as
those connected to people with disabilities or family income might make distant learning
difficult to access. Distance learning prevents schools and teachers from fulfilling their
critical role in the socialization of students.

Burgess and Sievertsen (2020) believe it is unlikely to restore the average

amount of learning lost in school, and that there will be differences amongst families in
how they will support the needs of their children in that situation.

According to a new international consortium study, more technology in the

classroom does not always result in improved education for children. The survey
indicated that children who had more computer experience performed better on average
than those who had limited computer exposure, but the OECD advised against drawing
inferences based on that outcome. The statistics could simply reflect that school systems
that spend in technology also invest in better teachers and recruit students from a higher
socioeconomic level, who tend to perform better academically. Without sufficient
assistance and a good plan in the classroom, technology cannot aid pupils, says Lan
 CABUYAO INTEGRATED NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL 7

Neugent, interim executive director of the State Educational Technology Directors

Association, a nonprofit that focuses on technology in schools (Kessling, 2015).

Local Studies

The Department of Education (DepEd) and Commission on Higher Education

(CHED), despite overwhelming calls for an academic freeze, pushed forward with the

academic year. Even just a few weeks into the reopening of classes, we are already

starting to see the effects of such a heartless and inhumane decision. Unfortunately, the

worst is yet to come. When you consider the population's access to gadgets that can even

connect to the internet, the stats don't make for much better reading. As only 67% have

access to the internet, only 67% have access to laptop computers, while only 40% have

access to tablets.

Even since March, when the shift to online learning first started, the flaws in the
Philippines’ ICT infrastructure were already thrown wide open. Students all over the
country struggled to stay connected even then, with poor internet connection preventing
students from joining classes, some going to the extent of climbing mountains, crossing
rivers, and staying in makeshift treehouses just to submit requirements and keep up with
classmates.

In 2012, 95 percent of public high schools have computer labs, but just 57
percent have internet connection. Only 4% of public primary schools, on the other hand,
have e-Classroom packages. DepEd Secretary Armin Luistro said that “it’s not enough
that we merely continue building classrooms and toilet. The real revolution in education
which has long-term effects can only be done through information technology”
(Department of Education, 2012).
 CABUYAO INTEGRATED NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL 8

Foreign Literature

Globish (An English-Indonesian journal for English, Education and Culture

Vol. 6, No.1, January 2018) most of young people are enthusiastic in having the most
recent mobile gadgets just to boast among their peers. They likely utilize them to make
phone calls, take pictures, listen to songs, watch videos, or surf the internet access for
learning or just entertainment. In a technologically advanced country like Indonesia, the
third and fourth generation (3G, 4G) mobile devices are available at affordable prices,
and people of all streams find it necessary to own a mobile gadget for connecting and
communicating.

Gross (2009) In his article, he describes how people frequently use media
and technologies available in communication at home or at work, and how it is difficult
to survive without modern means of communication. With the rapid development of new
technologies, digital societies are taking shape all over the world, and people rely heavily
on these resources for everything from information, education, and entertainment to
social contact.

Local Literature

According to Maharlika TV (2020), despite the Department of Education's

(DepEd) efforts to continue to provide education through distant learning using an online
system and similar programs, students encounter significant problems ranging from a
lack of gadgets to inconsistent internet connections. Teachers criticize the challenges
brought on by distance learning, which has prompted some students to drop out,
observing that some students either abruptly stopped attending lessons or did not show
up for online lectures at all. One of the main reasons, according to one teacher, was the
lack of accessibility of gadgets as well as the inconsistent internet connection. “Our
 CABUYAO INTEGRATED NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL 9

students are definitely having a hard time adjusting to distance learning. I myself am
having a hard time. The main concerns here are internet connectivity, gadgets, and stress
for students,” a technology teacher from a high school in Manila revealed.
 CABUYAO INTEGRATED NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL 10

CHAPTER III

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY

This chapter presents the research design, sampling technique, instruments,

procedures, and statistical treatments used in this study.

Research Methodology

This chapter presents the research methodology and procedures used by the

researchers that help them complete the study. The research design, sampling design,

data gathering procedure and treatment of data that were used to generate the desired

information were discussed in this chapter.

Research Design

This study was conducted to determine the effects of lack of gadgets in the

Academic performance of the selected grade 10 students of Cabuyao Integrated National

High School S.Y. 2020-2021. The researchers used descriptive type of research since it

is the most appropriate approach for data collection. The data collection from grade 10

pupils are gathered by allowing them to fill out Google forms. As this method assessed

individual characteristics of the respondents, questionnaires were used to avail such

necessary information.
 CABUYAO INTEGRATED NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL 11

Instrument of the Study

Researchers created questions and used Google Forms to be the instrument to

collect study data. The basis of the questionnaire is the statement of the problem that was
presented in Chapter I. The questionnaires were in a form of a Likert scale ranging from
5 – Always, 4 – Often, 3 – Sometimes, 2 – Rarely and 1 – Never. The questionnaire -
checklist contained statements on how the lack of gadgets affected the student’s
education. They were intended for eliciting relevant information concerning the Effects
of Lack of Gadget in the Academic Performance of Selected Grade 10 Students in
Cabuyao Integrated National High School.

Part 1 on the questionnaire contains 4 statements showing how the lack of

gadgets affects the student's learning. These were given one set of five checkboxes each.
The five checkboxes ranked as:
5-Strongly Agree
4- Agree
3-Neither disagree nor agree
2-Disagree
1- Strongly Disagree

Part 2 on the questionnaire contains 4 statements showing how the lack of

gadgets affects the student’s interaction. Again, these were given one set of five
checkboxes each. The five checkboxes ranked as:
5-Strongly Agree
4- Agree
3-Neither disagree nor agree
 CABUYAO INTEGRATED NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL 12

2-Disagree
1- Strongly Disagree
Part 3 on the questionnaire contains 4 statements showing how the lack of
gadgets affects the student’s output/outcome. Again, these were given one set of five
checkboxes each. The five checkboxes ranked as:
5-Strongly Agree
4- Agree
3-Neither disagree nor agree
2-Disagree
1- Strongly Disagree
The questionnaire was presented to the research facilitator for some
corrections and suggestions on the content.

Respondents of the Study

The study participants were selected sections of Grade 10 students at Cabuyao

Integrated National High School for the academic year 2020-2021. The researchers were

able to procure 25 students for each of the selected sections, for a total of 100 respondents

TABLE 1.
THE NUMBER OF RESPONDENT OF THE SELECTED SECTIONS IN GRADE 10
SELECTED SECTION REGISTERED LEARNERS (JULY)

MALE FEMALE TOTAL

STE-P 17 26 43
EINSTEIN 24 22 46
ARCHIMEDES 24 21 45
BELL 24 20 44
TOTAL:89 TOTAL:89 TOTAL:178
 CABUYAO INTEGRATED NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL 13

Statistical Treatment of Data

In the study, the researcher employed the following tools and techniques:
Percentage is used to compare the proportion of the frequencies of the response
of total number of responses.
Formula:
f
P = x 100
N

Wherein:
P = Percentage
f = Frequency
N = Total Number of Respondents

Likert Scale - For the response of the students about the survey about the
effects of lack of gadgets on the academic performance of the students in terms of
learning, interaction with teacher and outcome, the researchers used the Likert scale for
interpretation.
INTERPRETATION
Strongly Agree
Agree
Moderately Agree
Disagree
Strongly Disagree
 CABUYAO INTEGRATED NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL 14

CHAPTER IV

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS, AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

This chapter presents the presentation, analysis and interpretation of data

gathered through the survey questionnaire which the researchers prepared.

Table 1

I. Relationship between the lack of gadgets in the academic performance

of selected grade 10 students in CINHS in terms of

Learning

Strongly Agree Neither Strongly Disagree

Agree Disagree Disagree
nor Agree
I encounter 12% 49% 20% 14% 5%
difficulties
finishing my
tasks and
attending
virtual meet
using only one
device.
I learn a lot in 44% 32% 11% 5% 8%
my ODL with
only the device
that I use.
I find it difficult 17% 38% 18% 14% 13%
to cope up with
my lessons.
The learning 32% 34% 13% 14% 7%
apps running in
the background
often causes
crash during
meet that makes
me miss out a
part of the
lesson.

Table 1 shows that item number 1 “I encounter difficulties finishing my tasks

and attending virtual meet using only one device” got the highest percentage which is
 CABUYAO INTEGRATED NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL 15

49%, while item number 2 “I learn a lot in my ODL with only the device that I use” got
44% Strongly Agree, however item number 3 “I find it difficult to cope up with my
lessons” got 38% Agree, lastly item number 4 “The learning apps running in the
background often causes crash during meet that makes me miss out a part of the lesson”
obtained 34% Agree.
Table 2

II. Relationship between the lack of gadgets in the academic performance of

selected gr 10 students in CINHS in terms of

Interaction with teacher

Strongly Agree Neither Strongly Disagree

Agree Disagree Disagree
nor Agree

I often find it 33% 36% 16% 3% 12%

difficult to
actively
participate in
my teacher’s
class.
Lacking of 36% 36% 12% 10% 6%
communication
peripherals
make me feel
discouraged in
participating.
Find other 39% 38% 9% 5% 9%
alternatives to
communicate
with my
teacher.
Apps running in 26% 43% 10% 12% 9%
the background
often causes
crash that it
causes me
disconnection in
the middle of
participation.

Table 2 shows that item number 4 “Apps running in the background often
causes crash that it causes disconnection in the middle of participation” got the highest
 CABUYAO INTEGRATED NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL 16

percentage which is 43% Agree, while item number 3 “Find other alternatives to
communicate with my teacher” got 39% Agree, however item number 2 “Lacking of
communication peripherals make me feel discouraged in participating” got 36% Strongly
Agree and 36% Agree, lastly item number 1 “ I find it difficult to actively participate in
my teacher’s class.
Table 3

III. Relationship between the lack of gadgets in the academic

performance of selected gr 10 students in CINHS in terms of

Outcome

Strongly Agree Neither Strongly Disagree

Agree Disagree Disagree
nor Agree

Affects the 13% 39% 14% 8% 26%

scores in my
tasks.
Makes it 25% 37% 17% 8% 13%
difficult in
completing
tasks
simultaneously.
Negatively 37% 31% 12% 11% 9%
affects my
successes in
tasks.
Causes me to 38% 21% 16% 14% 11%
pass my outputs
late.

Table 3 shows that item number 1 “Affects my scores in my tasks” got the

highest percentage of 39% Agree, while item number 4 “Causes me to pass my

outputs late” got 38% Strongly Agree, while item number 2 ”Makes it difficult in

completing tasks simultaneously” got 37% Agree, lastly item number 3 “Negatively

affects my successes in tasks” got 37%.

 CABUYAO INTEGRATED NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL 17

CHAPTER V

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS

This chapter presents the summary of findings, conclusions, and the researchers’

recommendations for future research in the selected area of study.

Summary of Findings

The research team targeted to know the effects of lack of gadgets on the academic
performance of grade 10 students.
The Significant Findings of the study were as follows:
1. The selected Grade 10 students have indicated that lack of gadgets has an
impact on their academic performance in terms of:
1.1. Learning
Selected Grade 10 students have agreed with the highest percentage, which is
38%, that lack of gadgets affects on the Academic performance of the students in their
learning.
1.2 Interaction with Teacher
Selected Grade 10 students have agreed with the highest percentage, which is
38%, that lack of gadgets affects on the Academic performance of the students in their
classroom interaction.
1.3 Outcome
Selected Grade 10 students have agreed with the highest percentage, which is
32%, that lack of gadgets affects on the Academic performance of the students in their
outputs/outcome.
 CABUYAO INTEGRATED NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL 18

2. Is there any significant relationship between the lack of gadgets in the academic
performance of selected grade 10 students in CINHS?
Based on the result, the researchers found that there is a significant relationship
between the lack of gadgets and the academic performance of a student.

Conclusions

Based on the findings, the following are the conclusions drawnby the researchers

of the study:

1. Relationship between student’s academic performance in terms of:

Learning
1. Students who lack of access to gadgets in their online classes are showing
a negative result when it comes to their learning performance, wherein they are being
limited of showing their true potential when it comes to learning.

Interaction with teacher

1. Students who lack of access to gadgets in their online classes are showing
a negative result when it comes to interacting with their teachers, wherein students often
get interrupted, by any means, disconnected, while participating nor having an attempt
to participate during classes.

Outcome
1. Students who lack of access to gadgets in their online classes are showing
a negative result when it comes to their outcomes, wherein students’ tasks scores are
being negatively affected.
 CABUYAO INTEGRATED NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL 19

Recommendations

Based on the conclusions, the following recommendations are formulated:

1. The researchers advise students to keep a balance of activities in order to

prevent cramming. If you need help coping with online distance learning, the Vice
President's Office established Bayanihan para sa Distance Learning as part of its Angat
Buhay campaign. It is asking people to contribute their extra smartphones or tablets,
laptops, desktop PCs, printers, and other electronic devices. It is also advised to always
do yourself the benefit of having someone to whom you may turn for assistance; things
are much easier to complete when you have someone to lean on.
2. The researchers advise parents to be involved in their children's education
in order to provide suitable guidance and help. This could also be very beneficial in
terms of fostering relationships between parents and students.
3. For teachers, the researchers recommend that they should give proper
guidance and assistance to the education of their students, because teacher serves as a
student's second parent. This would help build a stronger relationship between the
teachers and the students.
4. For community, the researchers recommend that the community get
engaged and establish a program to help students cope with distance learning, building
a far more positive environment because no one can help us but ourselves.
5. Future researchers may conduct a study regarding the other fields on how the
lack of gadgets would affect a student’s academic performance.
 CABUYAO INTEGRATED NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL 20

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Article:

Farhana, Zeba & Tanni, Sanjida & Shabnam, Sariya & Chowdhury, Sabbir. (2020).
Secondary Education During Lockdown Situation Due to Covid-19 Pandemic in
Bangladesh: Teachers' Response on Online Classes. Journal of Education and Practice.
11. 97-102. 10.7176/JEP/11-20-11.

Baticulon, R.E., Sy, J.J., Alberto, N.R.I. et al. Barriers to Online Learning in the Time
of COVID-19: A National Survey of Medical Students in the Philippines.
Med.Sci.Educ. 31, 615–626 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40670-021-01231-z

Ratnasari, D., & Haryanto. (2019). Analysis of Utilization of Gadgets as Effective

Learning Media in Innovation Education to improve Student Learning Achievement:
KnE Social Sciences. KNE Publishing. https://knepublishing.com/index.php/KnE-
Social/article/view/4671/9402#info.

Burgess, S., & Sievertsen , H. (2020). The impact of COVID-19 on education.

VOX, CEPR Policy Portal. https://voxeu.org/article/impact-covid-19-education.

Inquirer, P. D. (2020, September 23). Reality bytes: Lack of subsidies for gadgets and
mobile data. INQUIRER.net. https://opinion.inquirer.net/133824/reality-bytes-lack-
of-subsidies-for-gadgets-and-mobile-data.

Thesis:

Bazimaziki, Gabriel. (2020). Challenges in using ICT Gadgets to cope with effects of
COVID-19 on Education: A short survey of online teaching Literature in English.
Journal of Humanities and Education Development. 2. 299-307. 10.22161/jhed.2.4.8.

Journal:

GLobish. (2018). Globish: An English-Indonesian Journal for English, Education, and

Culture, 7(2). https://doi.org/10.31000/globish.v7i1
 CABUYAO INTEGRATED NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL 21

Internet:

Hundreds of thousands of students still can’t access online learning

https://hechingerreport.org/hundreds-of-thousands-of-students-still-cant-access-
online-learning/

How to help students in need cope with distance learning

https://www.rappler.com/moveph/how-to-help-students-in-need-cope-distance-
learning

Communication Technology: The World of Gadgets & Gizmos

https://learn.g2.com/communication-technology