Answer Sheets

General Physics 1
Quarter 2 – Module 1
Rotational Equilibrium and Rotational Dynamics

NAME: Jan Lloyd D. Gabrido GRADE/ STRAND: 12- Mantiris

DATE: 02/14/22

What I know
Multiple Choice
1. B 6. B
2. C 7. C
3. D 8. B
4. C 9. C
5. C 10. A

LESSON 1: Rational Kinematics

What’s New
Activity 1.1 Am I Important
List some types of rotating objects and how are they important to society. Write your answer in
tabular form below.

Types of Rotating Objects Importance to Society

Helicopter rotor blades Helicopter blades are important since it enable
helicopter to function or take off the ground and
fly, for a faster transportation, since most
helicopters are used in emergency situations
especially in military.

Wheels of moving vehicles Wheels are obviously very significant in our

society since most rides or vehicles are
dependent in wheels, for it to be able to move
forward or travel. It helps you reserve, turn;
move forward and backward or in any direction
that you want your car to go to.

Gears Gears are important since it is a mechanical part

that consist teeth on its outer surface that
rotates for a certain machine to move or
function. It can be seen in numerous automobile
and mechanical machines, its main task is to
rotate and translate one form of motion into
another.

Earth’s rotation Erath’s rotation is a very important matter not

just in our society but throughout the whole
globe. The rotation that the earth has maintains
 the transcending and descending of day and
night which also maintain the temperatures of
the surface of earth together with the change of
seasons and weather.
Fan blades Fan blades are important to our society since it
have lots of uses it can be used as a built in fan
inside a machine to help regulate the
temperature and avoid overheating. It also used
by people to relieve themselves from exhaustion
or from a humid environment by getting a cool
air from it.

Clock Clock is obviously important, since most people

are very busy and is very conscious about time,
and its significance is great especially the clock’s
rotating hands that indicate the time.

Wind turbines Wind turbines are important since it is a

structure that converts wind power into
electricity using aerodynamic force from rotor
blades.

Ferris wheel Ferris wheel is also important in our society since

it promotes major attraction especially in
carnivals. It promotes amusement towards
people and also joy and relaxation, which is good
to have great tourism in a society.
CD CDs are important since some files, data and
information can be stored in it. It is also used for
entertainment since it can contain many movies,
music and many more stuff.
Circular saw Circular saws are important is important since it
is also called power-saw that can cut any
materials using a rotary motion spinning around
in a fast speed. Mostly it is used in wood,
masonry, metal, or in any work that uses great
craftsmanship labour.

What’s More
Activity 1.2 Matched Me Right

1. G 6. E
2. C 7. I
3. D 8. F
4. J 9. B
5. A 10. H
What I Have Learned
Activity 1.3 Think Critically

1. Mark brought the angular velocity of an object traveling in a circle of radius 0.75 m with a linear
speed of 3.5 m/s?

Given:
● r = 0.5 m
● s = 80 cm = 0.08 m
● θ=?
𝑆 0.08 𝑚
θ = 𝑅
= 0.5 𝑚
= 0. 16 𝑟𝑎𝑑

2. What is the angular velocity of an object traveling in a circle of radius 0.75 m with a linear speed of
3.5 m/s?

Given:
● r = 0.75 m
● s = 3.5 m/s
● ω=?

The angular velocity ω is:

𝑉 3.5 𝑚/𝑠
ω = 𝑅
= 0.75 𝑚
≈4. 67 𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑠 𝑜𝑟 4. 7 𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑠

Why is this formula correct? The angular velocity ω is:

2π 2π 𝑉
ω = 𝑇 = 2π𝑅/𝑉 = 𝑅

3. What is the angular acceleration of a ball that starts at rest and increases its angular velocity
uniformly to 5 rad/s in 10 s?

Given:
● t1 = 10 s
● ω1 = 5 rad/s
● t2 = 0 s
● ω2 = 0 rad/s
● ∂=?
ω 5 2
ω = ω0 + ϵ𝑡→ϵ = 𝑡
= 10
= 0. 5 𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑠

What I Can Do
Activity 1.4 Correct Me if I’m Wrong

1. Angular acceleration does not change with radius, but tangential acceleration does.

Yes angular acceleration does not change with, but tangential acceleration does. For a
rotating wheel for example that is speeding up, a point on the outside covers more distance
(radius) in the same amount of time as a point closer to the center. It has much larger tangential
acceleration than the portion closer to the axis of rotation. However, the angular acceleration of
every part of the wheel is the same because the entire objects moves as a rigid body through
the same angle in the same amount of time.

2. Differentiate angular acceleration from tangential (or linear) acceleration.

Angular acceleration is the change in angular velocity divided by time, while tangential
acceleration is the change in linear velocity divided by time.

3. On a rotating carousel or merry-go-round, one child sits on a horse near the outer edge and
another child sits on a lion halfway out from the center. Which child has the greater linear
velocity? Which child has the greater angular velocity?

The linear velocity is the distance travelled divided by the time interval, in other words,
in one rotation the child on the outer edge travels a longer distance than the child near the
center, but the time interval is the same for both. Thus the child at the outer edge, on the horse,
has the greater velocity.

The angular velocity is the angle of rotation divided by the time interval, in other words,
in one rotation both children rotate through the same angle. The two children have the same
angular velocity.

LESSON 2: Rational Dynamics

What Is It
Investigating Torque!
Torque is a physical quantity closely related to rotation. It is the Force’s ability to cause an object to
rotate.
Perform the following tasks to have a preliminary observation on the relationship between torque to
the distance of application and angle of rotation. To do this, apply an estimated constant force to the
labelled points to rotate the object and rank the ease of rotation from easiest to hardest.

Ease of Rotation
Situation (Rank the Forces from easiest to hardest)
1st 2nd 3rd
A. Opening a Door FB FC FA
B. Removing a Bolt FC FB FA
using a Wrench
C. Rotating A Blade FC FB FA

From the results obtained and observed, deduce the relationship of the following:

A. Torque vs. the Distance of Application

The distance where the force is applied is directly proportional to the torque. The rotation
accelerates as the distance between the two points expands.
B. Torque vs. the Angle of Application

The angle at which a force is applied is directly proportional to the torque. The rotation
increases as the angle becomes greater.

What’s More
Direction: Copy the figure in a separate paper and calculate the mass of each item. Show your
solutions.

16.9 = 25 cm (A) = 0.676 kg (0.125 + 0.5) = 0.625 kg

A = 0.676 kg (0.625 kg)(14) = 8.75

2.8125 kg (6 cm) = 16.9 M = 0.5 kg

T = (0.5)(4) = 2
B = 2.1875
D = 0.125 kg 2 = 16cm (D)
C = 0.5 kg D = 0.125 kg
= 2.8125
8.75 = (4)(B)
B = 2.1875

What is the mass of each item?

A = 0.676 kg
B = 2.1875 kg
C = 0.5 kg
D = 0.125 kg

What I Have Learned

Direction: Solve the following problems in a separate paper. Show your solutions systematically and
clearly.

1. A 400.0-N sign hangs from the end of a uniform strut. The strut is 4.0 m long and weighs 600.0 N. The
strut is supported by a hinge at the wall and by a cable whose other end is tied to the wall at a point 3.0
m above the left end of the strut. Find the tension in the supporting cable and the force of the hinge on
the strut.

● 1167 N; 980 N directed upward at 18o above the horizontal

1 2
2. A cylinder of mass m and radius R has a moment of inertia of 2
𝑚𝑟 . The cylinder is released
from rest at a height ℎ on an inclined plane, and rolls down the plane without slipping. What is the
velocity of the cylinder when it reaches the bottom of the incline?

𝑈𝑔 = 𝐾𝑇𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑠 + 𝐾𝑅𝑜𝑡

1 2 1 2
𝑀𝑔𝐻 = 2
𝑀𝑣 + 2
𝐼ω

𝑀𝑔𝐻 =
1
2
2
𝑀𝑣 +
1
2 ( 1
2
𝑚𝑟
2
)( )
𝑣
𝑟
 1 2 1 2
𝑀𝑔𝐻 = 2
𝑀𝑣 + 2
𝑀𝑣

4
𝑣= 3
𝑔ℎ

3. A uniform solid cylinder, sphere, and hoop roll without slipping from rest at the top of an incline.
Find out which object would reach the bottom first.

𝐾𝑖 + 𝑈𝑖 = 𝐾𝑓 + 𝑈𝑓

𝑂 + 𝑀𝑔ℎ =
1
2
2
𝑀𝑣𝑐𝑚 +
1
𝐼 ( )
𝑉𝑐𝑚
2 𝑐𝑚 𝑅

2𝑔ℎ
𝑉𝑐𝑚 = 2
1+𝐼𝑐𝑚/𝑀𝑅

Hence, the speed of the center of mass of any object at the bottom of the incline does not
depend on its mass or size; it depends only on its shape. Therefore, all objects of the same shape
such as sphere (of any mass or size) have the same speed at the bottom. That is, the smaller ratio I cm
/ MR2 the faster the object moves since less of its energy goes to rotational kinetics energy and more
goes to translational kinetics energy. The ratio I cm / MR2 is equal to 0.4, 0.5, and 1 for a sphere,
cylinder, and hoop, respectively. Therefore, these objects will finish in the order of any sphere, any
cylinder, and any hoop.

What I Can Do
It’s undersTORQUEable!
From the lessons learned, list down 3 sports/events that utilizes the concept of Torque and briefly
explain how this concept is used.

Sports/Events Torque Concept

Arm wrestling Arm wrestling is all about torque, which is the
force needed to cause an object to rotate around
its axis. The SI unit for torque is N•m or Newton
meters. In arm wrestling match, whoever creates
the most torque is likely going to win. The elbow
is the axis of rotation, the forearm is the moment
arm and the hand is where the force is applied,
which is perpendicular to the forearm. The force
is applied to your opponent’s hand as you
attempt to push it towards the table. The
distance from where you apply the force to their
elbow will determine how much torque you are
able to apply.
Tennis When force is applied it rotates a body segment
or the racquet, this effect is called torque or
moment of force. Muscles create a torque to
rotate the body segments is all tennis strokes. In
service action internal rotation of the upper arm,
 is so important to the power of serve, it is a
result of an internal rotation torque at the
shoulder joints caused by muscle actions. To
rotate a segment with more power a player
would generally apply more muscle force.
Baseball Once a pitcher front foot lands they can start
adding in the rotational forces of the hips, trunk,
shoulders and the arm to deliver the ball. The
sum of these forces when sequenced correctly is
greater than individual parts. This is often
referred to as torque.

Assessment: (Post-Test)
Multiple Choice

1. B 11. B
2. B 12. A
3. C 13. A
4. D 14. C
5. C 15. B
6. A 16. C
7. B 17. B
8. B 18. B
9. A 19. C
10. B 20. D