General Physics 1

Activity Sheet
Quarter 1 – MELC 22-23
Week 3
Projectile Motion

REGION VI – WESTERN VISAYAS

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General Physics 1
Activity Sheet No. 5: Projectile Motion
First Edition, 2021

Published in the Philippines

By the Department of Education Region 6 – Western Visayas

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Development Team of General Physics 1 Activity Sheet

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Editor: Leonardo Legaspi

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Regional Management Team:

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Moonyeen C. Rivera
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Minda L. Soldevilla
Daisy L. Lopez
Joseph M. Pagalaran

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Introductory Message

Welcome to General Physics 1 for Grade 12!

The Learning Activity Sheet is a product of the collaborative efforts of

the Schools Division Sagay City and DepEd Regional Office VI - Western
Visayas through the Curriculum and Learning Management Division (CLMD).
This is developed to guide the learning facilitators (teachers, parents and
responsible adults) in helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to
12 Basic Education Curriculum.

The Learning Activity Sheet is self-directed instructional materials

aimed to guide the learners in accomplishing activities at their own pace and
time using the contextualized resources in the community. This will also
assist the learners in acquiring the lifelong learning skills, knowledge and
attitudes for productivity and employment.

For learning facilitator:

The General Physics 1 Activity Sheet will help you facilitate the teaching-
learning activities specified in each Most Essential Learning Competency
(MELC) with minimal or no face-to-face encounter between you and learner.
This will be made available to the learners with the references/links to ease
the independent learning.

For the learner:

The General Physics 1 Activity Sheet is developed to help you continue

learning even if you are not in school. This learning material provides you with
meaningful and engaging activities for independent learning. Being an active
learner, carefully read and understand the instructions then perform the
activities and answer the assessments. This will be returned to your facilitator
on the agreed schedule.
Name of Learner: ________________________________________________________________
Grade & Section: ___________________________________ Date: _____________________

GENERAL PHYSICS 1 ACTIVITY SHEET NO. 6

Projectile Motion

I. Learning Competency with Code

• Deduce the consequences of the independence of vertical and horizontal
components of projectile motion
(STEM_GP12KIN-Ic-22)
• Calculate range, time of flight, and maximum heights of projectiles
(STEM_GP12KIN-Ic-23)

II. Background Information for Learners

● PROJECTILE MOTION

Projectile Motion - a motion experienced by a particle (projectile) that is thrown

near the earth's surface and moves along a curved path due to gravity.

Conditions:
1. Air resistance is negligible.
2. It happens near the earth's surface
where g is almost constant.

Characteristics of a projectile (See

Figure 1)
● The projectile follows a parabolic path or
trajectory.
● The vertical component (vy) decelerates
until it becomes zero at the maximum
height because it is affected by the gravity.
● The horizontal component (vx) does not
accelerate at all, thus it is constant during
flight.
● The magnitude of the particle’s velocity
Figure 1:
at point A and E are equal. Same goes
when the particle reaches point B and D.
● In a leveled plain, the projectile travels
half of the range when it reaches the
highest point (C) as shown in the figure.

Angle of projection (θ) – the angle to which

the particle (projectile) was projected at the
beginning of the flight. It is always measured
from the horizontal.

In Figure 2, at an angle of 45⁰, the magnitude

of the vx and vy are the same. An angle greater
than 45⁰ will make the magnitude of vy
Figure 2:
greater than vx and when the angle is lesser
than 45⁰, the magnitude of vx becomes greater than vy.

Sample Problem: A projectile was fired as shown in the diagram below. Answer the
follow questions:

1. Which among the 3 points will the projectile have the least speed? Why?

At point B, because this is when the vertical velocity is zero and the horizontal velocity
remains the same .

2. Which among the 3 points will have the greatest speed? Why?
At point C, because its vertical velocity has a greater magnitude compared to point A.

3. Describe the horizontal velocity (vx) on each point.

Their horizontal velocities (vx) are equal on points A, B and C.

4. Describe the vertical velocity (v y) on each point.

Point B has zero vy; Point A has a small vy compared to Point C; Point C has the greatest vy.

5. Are the speed in point A and C equal? Why?

NO, because they are not of the same altitude. Another reason is that the v y at point C is
greater compared to point A.

● MAX HEIGHT, TIME OF FLIGHT AND RANGE

Maximum Height (hmax) – the maximum vertical distance reached by the projectile.
When the projectile reaches this point, it is travelling at its slowest speed.
(𝐯𝐢 𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝛉)𝟐
hmax =
𝟐𝐠

Time of Flight (T) – the projectile's total time of flight. The formula is only
applicable in a levelled plain where the initial and final position of the projectile has
the same elevation.
𝟐𝐯𝐢 𝐬𝐢𝐧𝛉
T=
𝐠

Range (R) – the horizontal distance covered when it returns to its initial height. The
formula is only applicable in a levelled plain where the initial and final position has
the same elevation.
𝐯𝐢 𝟐 𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝟐𝛉
R=
𝐠
Sample Problem: A mortar bomb was
launched from the military base. The initial
velocity of the bomb was 75m/s and was
launched at an angle of 45⁰ from the
horizontal. Calculate for the maximum
height reached (hmax) by the bomb, its time
of fight (T), and how far did it go (R)?

Given:
vi = 75 m/s
θ = 45⁰
g = 9.80 m/s2

Solution:
a) Calculate for hmax. b) Calculate for the time of c) Calculate for the Range.
flight
(75 x sin (45))2 2 x 75 x sin(45) (75)2 sin (2 x 45)
hmax = = 143.49 m T= = 10.82 s R= = 573.98 m
2 x 9.8 9.8 9.8

Therefore: The mortar bomb reached its highest peak at 143.49m and its farthest
distance at 573.98m. The bomb flew for 10.82s.

III. Activity Proper

Directions: Answer the following in a separate sheet of paper?

1. If a projectile has an initial velocity of 20m/s and was projected to an angle of

45⁰, calculate for the maximum height reached by the projectile.
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
2. In question #1, calculate for the time of flight.
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
3. In a levelled ground, a ball flew for 3.4s until it reaches back to the ground. How
much time did it take to reach hmax?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

Guide Questions:

1. What do you call the path of the projectile?

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
2. At what point where the vertical velocity of the projectile becomes zero?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
3. If you vary the angle of projection, the projectile will have its farthest range at θ =
60⁰. Is the statement correct or not? Why?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
4. The greater the initial vertical velocity (viy) of the projectile, the longer is its time
of flight. Is the statement correct or not? Why?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

5. The vertical velocity (vy) of the projectile is affecting its horizontal velocity (vx). Is
the statement correct or not? Why?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

6. Ball A was dropped at a certain height while ball B at

the same height was pushed horizontally and fell. Both
balls A and B fell at the same time and are identical. Will
the balls reach the ground at the same time or not?

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

IV. Reflection

I learned that
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
I realized that
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
I need more information about
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
V. Key Answer

III. Activity
2
(𝑣𝑖 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃)2 (20 x sin (45))
1. hmax = = = 10.2 m
2𝑔 2 x 9.8
2𝑣𝑖 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 2 x 75 x sin(45)
2. T = = = 10.82 s
𝑔 9.8

3. T hmax = 3.4 ÷ 2 = 1.7s

Guide Question:
1. Trajectory
2. Highest point/hmax
3. NOT CORRECT, because a projectile can achieve the farthest possible range if θ = 45⁰.
4. CORRECT, because the time of flight depends on the viy.
5. NOT CORRECT, because the vy and vx are independent to each other.
6. As shown in Figure 1.a, when two identical balls were dropped at the same time from a height, the balls will reach
the ground at the same time because both will accelerate by 9.8m/s2 due to earth’s gravitational attraction. Now, when
the other ball has a horizontal velocity by the moment it fell, still it will accelerate downward by 9.8m/s2 and both will
reach the ground at the same time.

Reflection: Answers may vary

VI. References
Young, H. & Freedman, R. (2012). University Physics with Modern Physics (13 th Edition). Retrieved
from
https://www.academia.edu/39499005/Full_Book_University_Physics_13th_Edition_PDF_KD
Halliday, D., Resnick, R., & Walker, J. (2011). Fundamentals of Physics (9 th Edition). Retrieved from
https://www.academia.edu/31441276/Fundamentals_of_Physics_Extended_9th_HQ_Hallida
y_pdf
 ILLUSTRATIONS

Figure 2: The projectile thrown upward at an angle will have a

constant horizontal velocity (vx) but a changing vertical velocity (vy).
As the projectile travels upward, the vy decelerates to zero and
as the projectile falls, its vy accelerates.

Figure 3: The angle of projection (θ) will affect the magnitude of the
vx and vy. At an angle of 45⁰, the magnitude of vx and vy are equal.