Elvin A Moleta

Mathematics in the Modern World MR. EDERIO

DO ALL THESE NOW:

Activity 3. Modular Multiplication
The modular multiplication is similar to how
modular addition works as in Activity 2, only ◎7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
that the operation is multiplication. Again, 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
enter your answers on the matrix given, then 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
verify all 5 binary properties in the set Z7. 2 0 2 4 6 1 3 5
3 0 3 6 2 5 1 4
4 0 4 1 5 2 6 3
5 0 5 3 1 6 4 2
6 0 6 5 4 3 2 1
The following video will be of great help for
you to construct your table of multiplication mod 7: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LWyH25nzbt0.
(Intermission Drill. You can go to this link https://www.sporcle.com/games/stephantop/modular-
arithmetic. It contains a game on modular arithmetic. This activity will provide you opportunity to
master this mathematical concept.)

FORMATION ACTIVITY
Activity 4. Finding Day of Week
The following problem classically exposes the beauty of modular arithmetic. Seriously, go over the
solution to the case.
PROBLEM: In 2017, Albert’s birthday fell on a Saturday, 3rd of June. On what day
of the week does Albert’s birthday fall in 2020? Note that 2020 is a leap year.
SOLUTION: The number of days in a year is 365 except when it is a leap year where there is
one day added. A year is a leap year when it is divisible by 4. Let us
determine the number of days after June 3, 2017 to June 3, 2020.
Number of days: After June 3, 2017 to June 3, 2018: 365
After June 3, 2018 to June 3, 2019: 365
After June 3, 2019 to June 3, 2020: 366 (leap year)
Total number of days is equal to 1096 days.
Then, we take the relation 1096 = x (mod 7), where x is Albert’s birthday in 2020. Can you
explain why we take mod 7? Solving for x, we arrive at 1096 = 4 (mod 7). Hence, x
= 4, and Albert’s birthday is the 4th day of the week that is a Wednesday.

Now, your turn. What day of the week would be your birthday in 2025? Show your solution
mathematically. How shall you celebrate that day? If you are to invite a very special person on that
day, who would that be? Why?
Elvin A Moleta
Mathematics in the Modern World MR. EDERIO

Number of days: Nov. 16, 2021 to Nov. 16, 2022 = 365

Nov. 16, 2022 to Nov. 16, 2023 = 365
Nov. 16, 2023 to Nov, 16, 2024 = 366 (leap year)
Nov. 16, 2024 to Nov. 16, 2025 = 365
Total: 1461
1461 = x (mod 7)
1461 / 7 = x = 5
1461 = 5 (mod 7)
Hence, my birthday is in the fifth day of the week that is Thursday.
The reason why seven is used is due to the reason that we are solving for when the birthday is
going to happen within the week, we have seven days in a week, that is why seven is the given limit
value.
How shall you celebrate that day? If you are to invite a very special person on that day, who
would that be? Why?
If it were up for me, I would just celebrate it without any extravagancies. A simple one would be
enough for me, and of course, I would like to invite my friends and family.

SYNTHESIS ACTIVITY
ACTIVITY 5
1. Tell whether the following binary properties are satisfied in the given modular operation. If
not, explain why.
Addition
1 @3 (2 @3 3) = (1 @3 2) @3 3
@3 0 1 2 3 4 1 @3 2 = 0 @3 3
0=0
0 0 1 2 0 1
1 1 2 0 1 2
1 @3 2 = 2 @3 1
2 2 0 1 2 0
0=0
3 0 1 2 0 1
4 1 2 0 1 2
Multiplication
1 @3 (2 @3 3) = (1 @3 2) @3 3
@3 0 1 2 3 4
1 @3 0 = 2 @3 3
0 0 0 0 0 0 0=0
1 0 1 2 0 1
2 0 2 1 0 2 1 @3 2 = 2 @3 1
3 0 0 0 0 0 2=2
4 0 1 2 0 1
Elvin A Moleta
Mathematics in the Modern World MR. EDERIO

Binary properties Modular Modular Remarks/Explanation

addition multiplication
( √ or x) ( √ or x)
Closure √ √ Both operations are defined in an
element of a given
Commutativity √ √ Based on the solution presented
above, it is safe to say that
commutativity in this operation
exists
Associativity √ √ As shown in the solution above
Existence of identity X X The identity must be of the same
value for all
Existence of inverse √ x Inverse must be of the same
value for all
2. Respond to these reflective questions to show what you have learned and reflected, after
engaging in this entire module:
1. What have I LEARNED this day that has helped me do all aspects of this better?
I learned about another way of doing modular operations, and that is with the utilization of
multiplication.

2. What have I DONE this week that has made me better at doing all aspects of this?
The simple act of accomplishing the given activities puts me in a state of learning. As I
answer each and every one of the problems, I learn along the way.

3. How can I IMPROVE at doing all aspects of this?

By exposing myself to challenges relating to the topic currently in discussion, I can improve
myself with every problem solved.

ASSESSMENT

1. Which of the following is FALSE?

A. 5 = 1 (mod 3) C. 15 = 1 (mod 7)
B. 7 = 2 (mod 5) D. 10 = 0 (mod 2)

2. In the set Z8, what is the product of 12 and 2?

A. 5 B. 3 C. 0 D. does not exist

3. Determine: 6 = 7 mod 3.
A. 3 B. 2 C. 1 D. 0
A. 4 B. 3 C. 1 D. 0

4. Determine the value of b: 35 = b (mod 13).

A. 9 B. 22 C. 4 D. 6
Elvin A Moleta
Mathematics in the Modern World MR. EDERIO

5. Which of the following binary property of modular arithmetic DOES NOT always exist to
all m Z+?
A. Commutativity C. Associativity
B. Existence of Inverse D. Existence of Identity

6. Which of the following is NOT a solution to 10 b (mod 3)?

A. 1 B. 7 C. 4 D. 3