ACIDS &

BASES

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 Name: Tutor:

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ACIDS AND
BASES
1. Describe the meanings of the terms acid and alkali in terms of the ions they
produce in aqueous solution and their effects on Universal Indicator.
2. Describe how to test hydrogen ion concentration and hence relative acidity
using Universal Indicator and the pH scale.

ACID ALKALI

1) Definition: 1) Definition:

A substance that ionizes in water A substance that ionizes in water

to form ___________ ions. to form ___________ ions.

2) Common acids: 2) Common alkalis:

a) Hydrochloric acid, __________ a) Calcium hydroxide, __________
b) Nitric acid, _________ b) Potassium hydroxide, _________
c) Sulfuric acid, _________ c) Sodium hydroxide, _________

3) Physical properties: 3) Physical properties:

a) pH < ________ a) pH > ________
b) turns Universal Indicator ______, b) turns Universal Indicator ______,
orange or yellow. indigo or violet.
c) turns damp _________ litmus c) turns damp _________ litmus
paper red paper blue

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 nitrate
sodium MgCl2

HC
l

NaOH

w at e r
l i me

Ca
CO
3
NH
4O
H
KOH
KNO
3
e
sulfat
esium
mag n

ni t

ca
lci
ric

um
ac

su
id

lfa
te

H2 S
O4

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 CHEMICAL
PROPERTIES

3. Describe the characteristic properties of acids as in reactions with metals,

bases and carbonates.

4. Describe the reaction between hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions to produce
water, as neutralisation.

CASEC

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 CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

OF ALKALIS
Describe the importance of controlling the pH in soils and how excess acidity can
be treated using calcium hydroxide.
Describe the characteristic properties of bases in reactions with acids and with
ammonium salts.

_________
m
calciu

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REACTIONS OF ACIDS & BASES

Draw a line to match each reaction to the correct type:

base + acid à salt + water

Ca + 2HCl à CaCl2 + H2
MASH
sodium carbonate + nitric acid à sodium nitrate + water + carbon dioxide

NH4NO3 + KOH à KNO3 + H2O + NH3

BASE
metal + acid à salt + hydrogen

H+ (aq) + OH- (aq) à H2O (l)

CASEC
ammonium salt + alkali à salt + water + ammonia

Fe(OH)2 + H2SO4 à FeSO4 + 2H2O

ASASEA
carbonate + acid à salt + water + carbon dioxide

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Write a balanced chemical equation for each reaction.

zinc + hydrochloric acid à zinc chloride + hydrogen

calcium oxide + sulfuric acid à calcium sulfate + water

potassium carbonate + nitric acid à potassium nitrate + water + carbon dioxide

ammonium sulfate + sodium hydroxide à sodium sulfate + water + ammonia

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Class: Tutor:

Oxides
Metallic & Non-Metallic

Oxides

Metallic Non-metallic

Basic - can react Amphoteric - can Acidic - can react

Neutral - cannot
with acids to react with acid with base to
react with base
form salt and or base to form form salt and
or acid
water salt and water water

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mindmap: acids & bases

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