5.
Promotive and Preventive Health Aspect in
CHN & Facts on Healthcare in PH
COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING 2
I. INTRODUCTION
● Nursing is a profession aimed at helping the population achieve
better health thru their own hands.
● As a science, it relies heavily on an understanding that the key
towards genuine development is investing health and healthcare
of peoples regardless of age, sex, gender, religion and color
(Sumile, 2018).
● Health is a shared reality. It enables people to achieve their full
potential.
II. Public Health-Why is it important?
● Public health focuses on improving and protecting community
health and well-being, with an emphasis on prevention among
large groups of people. Those with public health degrees keep
communities healthy through child wellness, disease prevention,
education, disaster relief, clean water, access to healthcare, and
much more.
● Most people rarely thinks about our role in Public Health until a
crisis occurs.
● Public health practitioners works on a daily basis to keep all
people healthy and safe, all over the world, by preventing
diseases and injuries.
● Public health initiatives such as vaccinations, family planning,
health policies, and clean air and water policies have increased
life expectancy of people around the globe.
CHN 2
LECTURE
Health Promotion
● Health promotion means the development of behaviors that
improve bodily functioning and enhance an individual's
ability to adjust to a changing environment.
Disease Prevention
● Disease prevention involves efforts to reduce or eliminate
vulnerability to risks that might enhance the possibilities
that an individual or group will incur disease, disability, or
premature death
Purpose
● A major purpose of the health promotion and disease
prevention approach, both for individuals and an entire
population, is to recognize the health problems for which
preventive efforts can result in the more appropriate
utilization of health services and improvements in health
status.
III. Health Promotion and Disease Prevention
● This approach to health highlights the importance of
lifestyle and personal behavior in improving personal health
status and in maintaining health and functioning, both
physical and mental.
Health Promotion
● Health promotion is a behavioral and social science that
draws from the biological, environmental, psychological,
physical, and medical sciences to promote health and
prevent disease, disability, and premature death through
education-driven voluntary behavior change activities.
● Health promotion is the development of the individual,
group, institutional, community, and systemic strategies to
improve health knowledge, attitudes, skills, and behavior.
The goal of Health promotion is to determine the health
behavior of individuals and communities as well as the
living and working conditions that influence their health.
WHY IS HEALTH PROMOTION IMPORTANT?
● Health promotion improves the health status of individuals,
families, communities, states, and the nation.
● Health promotion improves the quality of life for people of
all age groups.
● Health promotion reduces premature death.
● By concentrating on prevention, health promotion helps in
reducing costs both human and financial which involves
individuals, employers, families, insurance companies,
medical facilities, communities, and nations would spend
on medical treatment.
ACTIVITIES INVOLVED IN HEALTH PROMOTION
● COMMUNICATION
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[CHN 2] 5. Promotive and Preventive Health Aspect in CHN– Prof. Rodel Ninofranco
�Spreading awareness among people for healthy
behavior. Health promotion communication involves
newsletters, health fairs, and announcements.
● EDUCATION
� Empowering actions and behavior change through
increased knowledge.
● MAKING POLICY AND SYSTEMS
� Making systematic changes by improved laws, rules,
and regulations to encourage and awareness.
Disease Prevention
● Disease prevention means specific, population-based, and
individual- based interventions for primary and early prevention,
aiming to minimize the burden of diseases and associated risk
factors. Disease prevention differs from health promotion
because it concentrates on specific efforts aimed at reducing the
development and severity of chronic diseases and other
morbidities.
Prevention
● PRIMARY PREVENTION
� Primary prevention aims to avoid the manifestation of
a disease (this includes the activities to improve health,
behavioral, and medical health risks and actions to
decrease them at the community level, nutritional and
food supplementation).
● SECONDARY PREVENTION
● Secondary prevention deals with early detection when this
improves the chances of positive health outcomes (this includes
activities such as evidence-based screening programs for early
detection of disease). These prevention programs focus on
keeping people healthy.
Key Points
Health is an end-point that reflects the success of multiple other goals.
Because the determinants of health are so broad, progress in improving
health is a reliable indicator of progress in implementing the overall
agenda.
Health promotion is a key element of the New Public Health and is
applicable in the community, the clinic or hospital, and in all other service
settings. One of the major goals in the field of health promotion and
disease prevention is to identify risk factors for disease so that information
about these risk factors can then be shared with people. Our hope is that
people will use this information to change their behavior to lower their
disease risk.
Top 10 Facts on Healthcare in the Philippines
1. The WHO refers to the Filipino Healthcare System as “fragmented.”
There is a history of unfair and unequal access to health services
that significantly affects the poor. The government spends little
money on the program which causes high out of pocket
spending and further widens the gap between rich and poor.
2. Out of the 90 million people living in the Philippines, many do
not get access to basic care. The country has a high maternal
and newborn mortality rate, and a high fertility rate. This
creates problems for those who have especially limited access
to this basic care or for those living in generally poor health
conditions.
3. Many Filipinos face diseases such as Tuberculosis, Dengue,
Malaria and HIV/AIDS. These diseases pair with protein-
energy malnutrition and micronutrient deficiencies that are
becoming increasingly common.
4. The population is affected by a high prevalence of obesity along
with heart disease.
5. Healthcare in the Philippines suffers from a shortage of human
medical resources, especially doctors. This makes the system
run slower and less efficiently.
6. Filipino families who can afford private health facilities usually
choose these as their primary option. Private facilities provide
a better quality of care than the public facilities that lower
income families usually go to. The public facilities tend to be
in rural areas that are more run down. These facilities have
less medical staff and inferior supplies.
7. Only 30 percent of health professionals employed by the
government address the health needs of the majority.
Healthcare in the Philippines suffers because the remaining
70 percent of health professionals work in the more
expensive privately run sectors.
8. To compensate for the inequality, a program called Doctors t
the Barrios and its private sectors decided to build nine
cancer centers, eight heart centers and seven transplant
centers in regional medical centers.
9. The Doctors to the Barrios included Public-Private Partnerships
in a plan to modernize the government-owned hospitals and
provide more up to date medical supplies.
10. More than 3,500 public health facilities were updated across the
country.
IV. Philippines under Covid-19
● The Philippines currently has the second highest number of
new COVID-19 cases in Southeast Asia, with over 116,000
reported cases at the time of writing. Since the beginning of
the pandemic, nearly 1 million people have been infected by
the virus and 17,000 people have lost their lives to COVID-
19.
● Healthcare access in critical state
● Health workers still at risk
● Added challenges for those most at-risk
● ‘Red-tagging’ continues amid the pandemic
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