HEALTH PROMOTION  Sleep patterns

 Playful activity to stimulate development

 Immunization
Introduction
 Safety promotion and injury
 Health promotion is an important component of
nursing practice CHILDREN
 It is a way of thinking that revolves around a  Nutrition
philosophy of wholeness, wellness and well-
 Dental check-up
being.
 Rest and exercise
Definition  Immunizations
 Health promotion as a “behavior motivated by  Safety promotion and injury control
the desire to increase wellbeing and actualize
human health potential” ADOLECENTS
 Health promotion is a process of enabling people  Communicating with the teen
to increase control over the determinants of  Hormonal changes
health and their by improve their health.  Nutrition
 Exercise and rest
Programs or Health Promotion  Peer group influences
 Self-concept and body image
 Information dissemination  Sexuality
 Health risk appraisal and wellness assessment  Safety promotion and accidental prevention
 Lifestyle and behavioral change
 Environmental and control programs ELDERS
 Adequate sleep
Nurses Role in Health Promotion  Appropriate use of alcohol
 Model healthy lifestyle behaviors and attitudes  Dental/oral health
 Facilitate client involvement in the assessment,  Drug management
implementation and evaluation of health goal.  Exercise
 Teach client health care strategies to enhance  Foot health
fitness improve nutrition, manage stress and  Health screening
enhance relationships.  Hearing aid use
 Assist individuals, families and communities to  Safety precautions
increase their levels of health.  Weight control etc.
 Educate client to be effective health care
consumers. Prevention
 Assist clients, families, and communities to - The management of those factors that could lead to
develop and choose health promoting options. disease so as to prevent the occurrence of disease.
 Guide clients development in effective problem
solving and decision making. Goal:
 Reinforce clients personal and family health  To maintain optimal health by preventing
promoting behaviors disease
 Advocate in the community for changes that
promote a healthy environment.

HEALTH PROMOTION TOPICS

INFANTS
 Infant parent attachment/bonding
 Breastfeeding
 PRIMODIAL PREVENTION
Definition: It is the prevention of emergence of risk
factors in population in which they have not get
appeared.
Interventions: Individual and mass health education
PRIMARY PREVENTION
Definition: Primary prevention can be defined as action
taken prior to the onset of disease, which removes the
possibility that a disease will ever occur.
Strategy:
 Population (mass) strategy
 High risk strategy
Interventions:
- General health promotion:
 Health education
 Environmental modification.
 Nutritional interventions.
 Lifestyle and behavioral changes.
Specific protection:
 Immunization (BCG, DPT, MMR Vaccine)
 Chemoprophylaxis (tetracycline for cholera,
dapsone for leprosy, chloroquinine for malaria)
 Use of specific nutrients (vitamin A for children,
iron and folic acid for pregnant mothers)
 Protection against accidents (use of helmet,
seatbelt etc.)
 Protection against occupational hazards
 Avoidance of allergens
 Protection from air pollution
SECONDARY PREVENTION
Definition: The action which halts the progress of a
disease at its incipient stage and complications.
Intervention:
 Early detection
 Prompt treatment
TERTIARY PREVENTION
Definition: All measures available to reduce or limit
impairment and disabilities, minimize suffering caused
by existing departures from good health and to promote
the patient adjustment irremediable conditions.
Interventions:
 Disability limitation
 Rehabilitation
HEALTH EDUCATION
A process aimed at encouraging people want to be
healthy, to know how to say healthy, to do what they can
individually and collectively to maintain health, and to
seek help when needed.
By: alma Ata declaration
 Health education is the process by which people
change their habits, attitudes and knowledge and
choose the path leading to better health.
 Health education aims of bridging the gulf
between the health knowledge and health
practices of the people.
Aims of Health Education
 The aim of Health education is to help people to
achieve health by their own actions and efforts.
The WHO has stated the aims of health education as
follows:
 To ensure that health is valued as an asset to the
community.
 To equip the people with skills, knowledge and
attitudes to enable them to solve their health
problems by their own actions and efforts.
 To promote the development and proper use of
health services
 Health education is most important tool of
community health
 It aims at breaking down barriers of ignorance,
prejudice and misconceptions and providing
learning experiences which favorably influence
habits, attitudes and knowledge relating to
individuals, family and community health
Changing concept
 Prevention
life style
 The
behavior
to
 modification of social environment in which the - The health educator should set a good example in life
individual live. things.
 Community participation to community
involvement. Good human relation
 Promotion of individuals and community self- - Sharing of information, ideas, and feelings happen
reliance. most easily between people who have a good
relationship.
Scope of health education
Feedback
 Preventing disease - For effective communication feedback is necessary.
 Promoting health
 Curative report (drug, diet, rest etc.) Leaders
 Rehabilitation and follow-up - We learn best from people whom we respect and
regard.
 Utilizing the services
 National health programmes
Areas of health education
 Human biology
Principles of health education
 Nutrition
Credibility  Hygiene 1.personal 2.environmental
- It is the degree to which the message to be  Care of mother and children
communicated is perceived as trustworthy by the  Prevention of communicable disease
receiver  Mental health
 Prevention of accidents
Interest  Use of health services
- It is psychological principle that people are unlikely to
listen to those things which are not to their interest. Methods of health education

 Individuals methods
Participation 1. Interviews
- Health education should aim at encouraging people to 2. Dialogues
work actively with health worker and others in 3. Interpersonal communication
identifying their own health problems and also in 4. Counseling
developing solutions and plan to work them out.
 Group methods
Motivation 1. One way methods: lecturer, films, charts. Flannel
- Awakening the desire is called motivation graph, exhibits and flash cards
2. Two way methods: Group discussions, panel
Comprehension discussions, symposium, work shop, role play,
- In health education we must know the level of demonstration, programmed instructions.
understanding, education and literacy of people to whom
the teaching is directed. Methods of health education

Reinforcement  Public/community approach method

- Repeating at interval is necessary 1. Posters
2. Press
Learning by doing 3. Health magazines
- “If I hear, I forget; 4. Films
If I see, I remember; 5. Radios
If I do, I know.” 6. Television
7. Heath exhibitions
Known to unknown 8. Health museums
- From particular to general, simple to emote
complicated.

Setting an example SCHOOL HEALTH NURSING

SCHOOL
- School is defined as an educational institution where
group of pupils pursue defined studies at defined level,
receive instruction from one or more teachers, frequently
interact with other officers and employees such as
principal, various supervisors, maintenance staff etc,
usually housed in a single building.
SCHOOL HEALTH
- School health refers to the state of complete physical,
mental and spiritual well being and not merely absence
of diseases or infirmity among pupils, teachers and other
school personnel.
SCHOOL HEALTH SERVICES
- It refers to the need based comprehensive services
rendered to pupils, teachers and other personnel in the
school to promote protect their health and prevent and
control disease and maintain health.
NEED FOR SCHOOL HEALTH SERVICES
 School children constitute a vital and substantial
segment of the population.
 School children are the vulnerable section of the
population by virtue of their physical mental
emotional and social growth and development
during this period.
 School children are exposed to various stressful
situations. These situations may cause mental
problems, negative attitude, affect growth and
 Children coming to school belong to different
socio economic and cultural backgrounds which
affect their health and nutritional status and
require help and guidance in promoting
protecting and maintain their health and
nutritional status.
 Children in school age are prone to get specific
health problem. Various acute and chronic
conditions which can be encountered during
health period.
AIM & OBJECTIVES
AIM
- To protect, promote and maintain health of school
children and reduce morbidity and mortality in them.
OBJECTIVES
 Create health consciousness among school
health children their parents and teachers.
 Provide healthy and safe environment which is
conducive comprehensive development of
children.
 Impart health information and conduct health
education on various aspects of healthful living
in school, home and community.
 Prevent communicable and non-communicable
disease.
 Identify and treat any
abnormalities/defects/diseases as early as
possible and do the necessary referral and follow
up.
 Involve teacher, student and their parents in the
management of health aspects.
 Help the teachers and children make
constructive and protective use of co-curricular
and extracurricular activities.
COMMON HEALTH PROBLEMS AMONG
SCHOOL CHILDREN
 Dental Problems
 Malnutrition
 GI Problems
 Skin problem
 Vision problems
 Respiratory problems
 Behavioral problems
 Other problems
PRINCIPLES
 Be based on health needs of the school children
 Be planned in coordination with school health
personnel, parents and community people.
 A school health council need to be set up to
facilitate coordination among them to plan and
implement school health services.
 Be part of community health services.
 Emphasis on preventive and promotive aspects
 Emphasis on health education to promote,
protect, improve and maintain health of children
and staff rather health education should be
integrated in regular school curriculum.
 Emphasis on learning through active and
desirable participation.
 Be ongoing and continuous programme.
 Have an effective system of record keeping and
reporting.
COMPONENTS
Health promotive and protective services
 Wholesome school environment
 Maintenance of personal hygiene
  Nutritional services THE CHILDREN
 Recreational activities  Learn values of medical and health examination,
 Mental health of children personal hygiene, good nutrition, environmental
 Health education sanitation etc.
 Immunization  Co-operate in various aspects of school health
programme.
Therapeutic measures  Develop positive habits and healthful living
 Health appraisal activities as educated upon
 Extend this knowledge to other members of the
 Treatment and follow-up
family and neighborhood etc.
 First aid and emergency care

THE MEDICAL OFFICER

Rehabilitative Services
 Making diagnosis
 Prescribe the treatment
SCHOOL HEALTH RECORDS
 Making referral to the specialist
 Ensuring follow up of the children
SCHOOL HEALTH TEAM
 Initiating promotive and preventive programme
 Inspection of school environment and sanitation
THE PRINCIPAL
 Holding meetings with parents and teachers
 Set-up a school health committee
 Ensuring maintenance of records and reports.
 Approval for school health programme
 Evaluation of programme
 Ensure teachers training.
 Ensure maintenance of health records
THE SCHOOL NURSE
 Ensure the parents participation in child care
 Health promotion and specific protection
 Early diagnosis and treatment
THE SCHOOL TEACHER
 Prevention of complications and rehabilitation
 Daily inspection of children
 Liaison activities
 Daily observation of children
 Co-ordination
 Help in control communicable diseases
 Evaluation
 Referral of children
 Training and guidance
 Informing parents about maintain follow up
 Maintenance of record
 Giving first aid emergency care

THE PARENTS
 Providing information regarding past and
present history of medical problems and
immunization status.
 Participate and co-operate in physical, medical
examination of children
 Help in correction of defects
 Involved in planning, implementation and
evaluation of school health programme.

THE COMMUNITY
 Providing suitable land for school building
 Providing funds and labor in building proper
school
 Participation ins school health committees and
contributes the information activities
 Participation and implementation of programme
activities
 Motivating parents to end their children to the
school and take care of their health.