SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE

Usamos o Simple Present para descrever ações habituais, algo que acontece com freqüência. Sua
conjugação, na forma afirmativa, é feita com o infinitivo do verbo sem a partícula to.
Nas terceiras pessoas do singular (he, she, it) o verbo recebe S.
Tomemos como exemplo o verbo to know (saber, conhecer):

I know She knows You know

You know It knows They know
He knows We know
OBSERVAÇÕES

 Os verbos terminados em CH, SH, O, X, S, Z recebem ES na terceira pessoa do singular.

TO WATCH (ASSISTIR) TO WASH (LAVAR) TO GO (IR) TO KISS (BEIJAR)

I watch I wash I go I kiss

You watch You wash You go You kiss
He watches He washes He goes He kisses
She watches She washes She goes She kisses
It watches It washes It goes It kisses
We watch We wash We go We kiss
You watch You wash You go You kiss
They watch They wash They go They kiss

 Os verbos terminados em Y precedidos de consoante trocam o Y por IES na terceira pessoa do

singular:
TO STUDY (ESTUDAR)

I study She studies You study

You study It studies They study
He studies We study

 Os verbos terminados em Y precedidos de vogal recebem apenas S na terceira pessoa do singular.

TO PLAY (ASSISTIR)

I play She plays You play

You play It plays They play
He plays We play

 Usamos o Simple Present para descrever ações habituais, nas quais é comum o emprego de palavras
ou expressões que denotam freqüência, tais como:

 Always (sempre) – The bus always passes here at nine o’clock. (O ônibus sempre passa aqui às nove
horas.
 Never (nunca) – My grandfather never goes to the dentist. (Meu avô nunca vai ao dentista)
 Sometimes (algumas vezes, de vez em quando) – Sometimes she does her homework at the library.
(Algumas vezes ela faz sua lição de casa na biblioteca)
 Often (frequentemente) – It often rains over there. (Frequentemente chove aqui.)
 Every day (todos os dias) – They watch this TV program every day. (Eles(as) assistem a este
programa de TV todos os dias.)

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 EXERCISES

1) Use the Simple Present Tense of the verbs in parentheses. (Use o Simple Present Tense dos verbos
entre parênteses)

MODEL:
He sleeps late every day. (to sleep)

a) She ___________________________________________to the club every day. (To go)

b) He ________________________________________________home at night. (To stay)
c) That girl _____________________________________________every day. (To study)
d) You _____________________________________________in the evening. (To work)
e) He ___________________________________________tennis on Saturdays. (To play)
f) She ________________________________________________in January. (To study)
g) My father _______________________________________TV every night. (To watch)
h) They ____________________________________the house in the morning. (To clean)
i) I __________________________________________________ Portuguese. (to speak)
j) Aline ________________________________________________very well. (to dance)
k) It __________________________________________ a lot in Rio de Janeiro. (to rain)
l) Children ______________________________________________ chocolates. (to like)
m) We _____________________________________________ to school by bus. (to go)

2) Complete the sentences with the Simple Present of the verbs. (Complete as frases com o Simple
Present dos verbos)

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 PARTS OF THE BODY

EXERCISES

1) How do you say “joelho” in English?

a) ( ) Head. b) ( ) Neck. c) ( ) Knee. d) ( ) Foot.

2) How do you say “boca” in English?

a) ( ) Mouth. b) ( ) Leg. c) ( ) Toe. d) ( ) Chest.

3) How do you say “testa” in English?

a) ( ) Head. b) ( ) Eye. c) ( ) Finger. d) ( ) Forehead.

FUTURE WITH WILL

Em inglês há duas formas de conjugar o futuro. Uma forma mais enfática e uma maneira mais
informal. Antes de ensinar a conjugação do tempo futuro em inglês, vamos pensar sobre a conjugação
desse mesmo tempo no português. Compare as seguintes frases:

Viajarei amanhã
Eu vou viajar amanhã

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Você pode observar que em português falar “viajarei” parece mais formal e enfático? E falar “vou viajar”
parece mais informal? Em inglês o tempo futuro funciona da mesma maneira, porém nessa lição você
aprenderá a maneira mais formal na afirmativa e negativa. Estude as traduções abaixo:
Eu viajarei amanhã – I will travel tomorrow.
Ela encontrará a família no próximo Natal – She will meet her family next Christmas.
Nós sairemos juntas na próxima quarta – We will go out together next Wednesday.

Veja que expressar o tempo futuro em inglês é muito simples. Você precisa da pessoa + will + verbo
no infinitivo.

Verbo
Pessoa Will Tradução
Infinitivo
I will travel Eu viajarei

She will arrive Ela chegará

Utilizamos o “will” para exprimir uma ação futura. Vamos estudar a formação do futuro no quadro
abaixo usando o verbo “to travel” (viajar) como apoio para a construção das frases neste tempo.
Forma Abreviada
Afirmativa Tradução
Afirmativa

I will travel I’ll travel Eu viajarei

You will travel You'll travel Você viajará

He will travel He'll travel Ele viajará

She will travel She’ll travel Ela viajará

Ele/Ela viajará
It will travel It'll travel
(para objetos)

We will travel We’ll travel Nós viajaremos

You will travel You'll travel Vocês viajarão

They will travel They’ll travel Eles/Elas viajarão

Agora no quadro abaixo vamos estudar a formação do tempo futuro na negativa. Continuaremos
usando o verbo “to travel” (viajar) como apoio na construção de frases negativas.

Negativa
I will not travel
You will not travel
He will not travel
She will not travel
It will not travel
We will not travel
You will not travel
They will not travel
Forma Abreviada
Tradução
Negativa
I won’t travel Eu não viajarei
You won’t travel Você não viajará
He won’t travel Ele não viajará
She won’t travel Ela não viajará
It won’t travel Ele/Ela não viajará (para objetos)
We won’t travel Nós não viajaremos
You won’t travel Vocês não viajarão
They won’t travel Eles/Elas não viajarão

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Veja agora a formação do tempo futuro na interrogativa. Continuaremos usando o verbo “to travel”
(viajar) como apoio na construção de frases interrogativas.

Interrogativa Tradução
Will I travel? Eu viajarei?
Will you travel? Você viajará?
Will he travel? Ele viajará?
Will she travel? Ela viajará?
Will it travel? Ele/Ela viajará? (para objetos)
Will we trave?l Nós viajaremos?
Will you travel? Vocês viajarão?
Will they travel? Eles/Elas viajarão?

Leia abaixo alguns complementos para formar frases no tempo futuro:

Tomorrow – amanhã Next weekend – próximo final de semana
The day after tomorrow – depois de amanhã Next month – próximo mês
Next week – próxima semana Next year – próximo ano

EXERCISES

1) Fill in the blanks using the given verbs in the Future with WILL. (Preencha os espaços em branco
com os verbos dados no futuro com Will)
willwill
wait
a) He _______________ for you. (to wait) e) I________ to sleep early tomorrow. (To go)
wait the champions. (to be)
b) We ____________ f) She _______ in São Paulo tomorrow. (to be)
c) He ________ his bills on Friday. (to pay) g) She _____________ her homework. (To do)
d) You________ in the second grade. (to be) h) He ________________ a new car. (To buy)

2) Rewrite the sentences in the contracted affirmative form. (Reescreva as frases na forma negative
abreviada.)

a) I will be there tomorrow. I’ll be there tomorrow.

b) He will take a taxi. _____________________________________________________________
c) We will be there next week. _______________________________________________________
d) You will fly on Sunday. __________________________________________________________
e) They will leave the country on the weekend. __________________________________________
f) She will travel to England. _______________________________________________________

3) Rewrite the sentences in the contracted negative form. (Reescreva as frases na forma negative
abreviada.)

a) He will see some friends tomorrow. He won’t see some friends

tomorrow.
b) We will clean the house tomorrow. _________________________________________________
c) She will be angry with you. _______________________________________________________
d) They will wait for you. ___________________________________________________________
e) Ben will study in a new school. ____________________________________________________
f) I will kiss that girl. _______________________________________________________________

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4) Change to the INTERROGATIVE FORM. (Mude para a forma interrogativa.)

MODEL

It will need a repair.

Will it need a repair?

a) They will stay in England. ________________________________________________________
b) She will go out on Saturday. _______________________________________________________
c) You will come late. ______________________________________________________________

5) Change to the NEGATIVE FORM. (Mude para a forma negativa.)

MODEL

It will need a repair.

It will not need a repair.

a) Steve will return next month. ______________________________________________________
b) The doctor will find a solution for my problem. ________________________________________
c) She will stay here for one more month. _______________________________________________

FUTURE WITH GOING TO

Be going to é uma estrutura que pode ser usada para falarmos de planos futuros de forma informal.
Going to enfatiza a idéia de intenção, de uma decisão que já foi tomada.
Ex.: Mark is going to read a book. (Mark está indo ler um livro)
His friends are going to help him. (Seus amigos vão ajudá-lo)
Um outro uso do going to é o de predizer o futuro devido a um indício presente.
Ex.:Look at the sky! It's going to rain. (Olhe o céu! Vai chover.)

FORMAÇÃO

Esta forma de futuro é um tempo verbal composto, formado pelo verbo to be no presente simples (am, is,
are) e going to, ao que adicionamos a forma natural do verbo que desejamos colocar no futuro.
Veja:
I am going to travel to Europe next year. (Eu estou indo viajar para a Europa no próximo ano)
You are going to travel to Europe next year. (Você está indo viajar para a Europa no próximo ano)
He is going to travel to Europe next year. (Ele está indo viajar para a Europa no próximo ano)

FORMA INTERROGATIVA
Basta colocarmos o verbo to be antes do sujeito.
Ex.: Is he going to be here today? (Ele vai estar aqui hoje?)

FORMA NEGATIVA
Coloca-se o "not" entre o verbo to be e o "going to":
Ex.: Paul is not going to marry her. (Paul não está indo casar-se com ela)
As regras de abreviação são as mesmas usadas para o verbo to be.

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 EXERCISES
1) Follow the model. (Siga o modelo)

He – to fish.
He is going to fish.

a) She – to eat an apple. _______________________________________________________________

b) They – to buy a house. ______________________________________________________________
c) I – to read a book. __________________________________________________________________
d) He – to drink a beer. ________________________________________________________________
e) They – to help Mary. ________________________________________________________________

2) Change to the INTERROGATIVE FORM. (Mude para a forma interrogativa.)

MODEL
She is going to eat an apple.

Is she going to eat an apple?

a) They are going to buy vegetables. _______________________________________________________

b) He is going to read a book. ____________________________________________________________
c) We are going to help Julie. ____________________________________________________________
d) He is going to travel to Curitiba in March. ________________________________________________

3) Change to the NEGATIVE FORM. (Mude para a forma negativa.)

MODEL

She is going to eat an apple.

She is not going to eat an apple.

a) I am going to read a magazine. _________________________________________________________

b) The student is going to eat a sandwich. __________________________________________________
c) She is going to travel to USA. _________________________________________________________
d) He is going to play football. ___________________________________________________________

SIMPLE PAST - REGULAR VERBS

(Tempo passado dos verbos regulares)
Veja:
I called my brother. (Eu liguei para meu irmão)
We danced a lot last night. (Eu dancei muito na noite passada.)
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Os verbos regulares, em inglês, possuem uma única terminação para o passado: ED.
Observe:
I visited (eu visitei, visitava) You visited (você visitou, visitava)
He visited (ele visitou, visitava) She visited (ela visitou, visitava)
We visited (nós visitamos, visitávamos) You visited (vocês visitaram, visitavam)
They visited (Eles(as) visitaram, visitavam)

OBSERVAÇÕES:
1º- Os verbos terminados em E, no infinitivo, recebem apenas D, no passado.
Ex.: To dance – danced (dançar – dançou) To Love – loved (amar – amou)

2º- se o verbo for terminado em y e vier procedido de consoante, tira-se o y e coloca-se ied.

Ex.: To cry – cried (gritar – gritou) To study – studied (estudar – estudou)

3º- se o verbo for terminado em consoante /vogal/ consoante e a última sílaba for mais forte, então dobra-
se a consoante e depois acrescenta-se ed.

Ex.: To stop – stopped (parar – parou) To permit – permitted (permitir – permitiu)

4º- se os verbos terminarem em consoante /vogal/ consoante, mas a sílaba forte não for a última, neste caso
não será necessário dobrar a consoante.

Ex.:To open – opened (abrir – abriu) To develop – developed (desenvolver – desenvolveu)

EXERCISES

1) Write the Simple Past Tense of these verbs. Translate into Portuguese. (Escreva o passado destes verbos
e traduza-os.

INFINITIVE SIMPLE PAST TRANSLATION

To answer
To call
To close
To cook
To cross
To cry
To dance
To end
To like
To listen
To live
To love
To need
To open
To paint

2) Fill in the blanks with the Simple Past tense of the verbs in parentheses. (Preencha os espaços em branco
com o Passado dos verbos entre parênteses.)

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a) You _________________________________________________a letter yesterday.(to receive)
b) She ________________________________________________ the house last night. (to clean)
c) We _____________________________________________________ a lot last night. (to pray)
d) She ________________________________________________to call Joe last Sunday. (to try)
e) That student______________________________________________ hard last year. (to study)
f) He _________________________________ television with Peter on Tuesday night. (to watch)
g) The woman _________________________________________ at museum last July. (to work)
h) I _____________________________________________________ in the morning. (to study)
i) The girls ____________________________________________________ the house. (to clean)
j) I _______________________________________________my work at eight o’clock. (to start)

SIMPLE PAST - IRREGULAR VERBS

(Tempo passado dos verbos irregulares)
Veja:
I spoke with my friend yesterday. (Eu falei com meu amigo ontem)
You understood your teacher very well. (Você entendeu seu professor muito bem)

Nestas frases notamos mudanças na forma escrita do verbo.

IRREGULAR VERBS: estes não têm regras. Cada um tem sua própria forma para o passado.
Ex.: She came here last week. (Ela veio aqui na semana passada)

Veja uma lista desses verbos:

IRREGULAR VERBS To perdoar

INFINTIVE SIMPLE PAST TRANSLATION

To be was / were ser/estar
To beat up beat up bater
To become became tornar-se
To begin began começar
To bend down bent down ajoelhar-se
To blow blew soprar
To break broke quebrar
To bring brought trazer
To build built construir
To burst burst arrebentar
To buy bought comprar
To cast cast arremessar
To catch caught pegar
To choose chose escolher
To come came vir
To cost cost custar
To cut cut Cortar

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To freeze froze gelar
To get up got up levantar
To give gave dar
To go went ir
To have had ter
To hear heard ouvir
To hide hid esconder
To hit hit bater
To hold held segurar
To hurt hurt machucar
To know knew conhecer / saber
To lead led conduzir
To leave left deixar, sair
To lose lost perder
To make made fazer
To meet met encontrar
To pay paid pagar
To put put pôr
To read read ler
To ride rode cavalgar
To run ran correr
To say said dizer
To see saw ver
To send sent enviar
To sing sang cantar
To sit sat sentar
To sleep slept dormir
To smell smelt cheirar
To speak spoke falar
To spell spelt / spelled soletrar
To spend spent gastar
To steal stole roubar
To swim swam nadar
To take took tomar
To teach taught ensinar
To tell told contar, narrar
To think thought pensar
To wake up woke up acordar
To wear wore vestir, usar
To write wrote escrever
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 EXERCISES

1) Fill in the blanks with the Simple Past Tense of the verbs in parentheses. (Preencha os espaços em
branco com passado dos verbos entre parênteses)

a) You _____________________________ Peter last night. (to see)

b) They _________________________ a big pizza last night. (to eat)
c) He ______________________________ well last night. (to sleep)
d) We _________________________________ yesterday. (to swim)
e) Lucy _________________________ me a gift last week. (to give)
f) Yesterday I ______________________ the day reading. (to spend)
g) Last Christmas he ____________________________a lot. (to eat)
h) I _________________________________Mary yesterday. (to see)
i) Paul and Mary _______________ to school in the morning. (to go)
j) They __________________________ back at 1 o’clock. (to come)
k) I ___________________________ breakfast at 7 o’clock. (to have)
l) She ____________________________to me in English. (to speak)

2) Write I for irregular verb or R for regular verb. (Escreva I para verbo irregular e R para verbo regular.)

( ) to live ( ) to buy ( ) to play ( ) to look

( ) to think ( ) to love ( ) to study ( ) to spend
( ) to work ( ) to take ( ) to like ( ) to swim
( ) to sleep ( ) to see ( ) to put ( ) to cry

3) Fill in the crossword puzzle with the verbs in the Simple Past Tense. (Complete a cruzada empregando
os verbos no SIMPLE PAST TENSE.)

1) To see 6 7
2) To drink 5 1
3) To take
4) To come
5) To be
6) To speak
2 3
7) To go
4

Texts
1- We can see…: (Você pode ver…):

a) Fractional numbers.
b) Ordinary numbers.
c) Cardinal numbers.
d) Roman numbers.

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Analyse the graphic carefully: (Analise o gráfico cuidadosamente):

2- According to the graphic, the students’ favorite

PET GRAPH pet is: (De acordo com o gráfico, o animal de estimação
FAVORITES PETS OF

favorito dos estudantes é):

STUDENTS

100
a) Canine.
50
b) Feline.
0 c) Parrot.
d) Goldfish

Read:

3- The most recently used site is:

(O site mais usado recentemente é):

a) Facebook. c) Orkut.
b) Pou. d) Yahoo.

Read
Answer the questions in English: (Responda as
questões em Inglês):

a) Qual é o gênero textual ?

b) Qual é a marca do produto divulgado ?
c) Qual o tempo verbal usado ?
d) Qual é o objetivo do texto ?
e) Quais os adjetivos usados ?
f) Qual o tipo de produto é anunciado ao lado ?
g) Onde as garotas estão ?

Trabalho final da Apostila:

 Pesquisar nomes de 10 profissões em Inglês. Se possível, colar imagens, e colocar o nome e
tradução abaixo da imagem.
 Assistir o filme: À procura da Felicidade. (Se possível)

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