HEMATOLOGY REVIEW NOTES

I. Hematopoiesis
- is the production of all of the cellular components of blood and blood
plasma. It occurs within the hematopoietic system, which includes organs and
tissues such as the bone marrow, liver, and spleen. Simply, hematopoiesis is the
process through which the body manufactures blood cells.

STAGES OF HEMATOPOIESIS
1. MESOBLASTIC PERIOD
 Start 19th or 20th day of Gestation.
 Production of Erythroblast
 Presence of Embryonic Hemoglobins
2. HEPATIC PERIOD
 4th or 5th week of gestation.
 DEFINITIVE HEMATOPOIESIS
 Liver still produces even after 1-2 weeks after birth
3. MEDULLARY PERIOD
 Fifth month of Gestation
 3 weeks after birth
 Bone marrow is the only hematopoietic organ remaining.

Multipotent Progenitor Take Note:

Hematopoietic Stem cell RBC MATURATION 18-21 days
Growth Factors:
 RBC (GM-CSF, IL3,EPO)
 WBC (GM-CSF, IL3, IL5)
Common Myeloid Common Lympoid  Platelets (GM-CSF, IL3,6,11 TPO)
Progenitor Cells Progenitor Cells  NK CELLS (IL 1,2,4,5,6,7,,12,14,15)

Granulocytes, B Cells
Monocytes
T Cells
Red blood cells
Platelets
NK Cells
RED BLOOD CELL MATURATION

1. PRONORMOBLAST/RUBRIBLAST
 Globin production begins
2. BASOPHILIC NORMOBLAST/PRORUBRICYTE
 Hemoglobin production begins
3. POLYCHROMATIC NORMOBLAST/RUBRICYTE
 Hemoglobin synthesis is evident/ Last Stage to undergo mitosis.
4. ORTHOCHRMATIC NORMOBLAST/METARUBRICYTE
 The nucleus is ejected together with the mitochondria (PYKNOTIC NUCLEUS)
5. POLYCHHROMATIC ERYTHROCYTE/RETICULOCYTES
 First stage without nucleus
 1 day in the circulation before it matures
 Ribosomal RNA Remnants
6. ERYTHROCYTE