MODULE 3

Citizenship Training
ALJONE V. VITERBO
BS PSYCH 1-2

But the wisdom that comes from heaven is first of all pure; then peace-loving, considerate, submissive, full of mercy and good fruit, impartial and sincere.
 Overview :

 introduction of the 1987 Philippine

Constitution
 basic explanation on Philippine
citizenship
 important information on the history
and legal foundations of our Philippine
flag

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 Lesson 1: The Concept of
Constitution
 Importance and Meaning of Constitution
 Thomas Hobbes- a British Philosopher of the 17th century
 describe this state of humanity as a “state of nature” were
life is solitary, nasty, poor, brutish and short.
 Human life in this state is terrible because it is a life of a
continual competition and struggle for survival
 to escape this dreadful state of nature we need to enter into
a civilized society were everyone are governed by rules and
laws. These are the essence of our constitution and the bill
of rights.
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 Importance and Meaning of
Constitution
 Every state has had a constitution
 The foundation of the system of government of
the Philippines is the constitution.
 Philippine Constitution- The fundamental law,
plays a very important role in the life of the
Filipino nation and its polity
 it serves as the foundation of the government
 embodies the ideals and aspirations of the Filipino
people and the promotion of their welfare.
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 Importance and Meaning of
Constitution
 the supreme or organic law
 a constitution is that body of rules and
principles in accordance with which the powers
of sovereignty are regularly exercised
 embodiment of norms that regulate the relations
of the government to its people
 constitution came from the latin word
‘constituo’, which means fixed, established and
settled.
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 Typology of Constitution
1. Typology according to
genesis and development.
2. Typology according to form
3. Typology according to the
manner of their amendment

But the wisdom that comes from heaven is first of all pure; then peace-loving, considerate, submissive, full of mercy and good fruit, impartial and sincere.
 1.Typology according to genesis
and development.
A conventional or enacted
constitution is one which is enacted
by a constituent assembly.
A constitution is cumulative or
evolved if it results from a long
period of developments or
evolution.
But the wisdom that comes from heaven is first of all pure; then peace-loving, considerate, submissive, full of mercy and good fruit, impartial and sincere.
 2.Typology according to
form .

 A written constitution is one that has a definite

written form and enacted by a duly constituted
authority, like a constitutional convention, and
adopted by a particular time
 The unwritten constitution is one that is a
product of evolution. It consists of large mass of
customs, usages and a small body of legislative
enactments of different dates of a fundamental
character.
But the wisdom that comes from heaven is first of all pure; then peace-loving, considerate, submissive, full of mercy and good fruit, impartial and sincere.
 3. Typology according to the
manner of their amendment.
 A rigid constitution is inelastic. It is one
that cannot be modified or amended except
by special means that is difficult than the
process of legislation, e.g., a constitutional
convention.
 A constitution is flexible or elastic if it is
based on ordinary statutory or legislative
enactments which may be modified in the
same manner as ordinary laws.

But the wisdom that comes from heaven is first of all pure; then peace-loving, considerate, submissive, full of mercy and good fruit, impartial and sincere.
 Rights and Obligations of Citizens

 Classification of Rights
A.

 Natural Rights
 Constitutional Rights
 Statutory Rights
 B. Classification of Constitutional Rights
 Political Rights
 Civil Rights
 Social and Economic Rights
 Rights of the Accused
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 Classification of Rights
Natural Rights
those rights possessed by every
individual without being granted
by the state for they are given to
man by God as a human being.
right to live
a.

right to love
b.

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 Constitutional Rights
those rights which are conferred
and protected by the
constitution.
Since they are part of the
fundamental law they cannot be
modified or taken away by the
law-making body.
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 Statutory Rights
those rights which are
promoted by the lawmaking
body and consequently may
be abolished by the same
body.

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 Classification of Constitutional Rights
Political Rights
 - rights of the citizens which give them the
power to participate directly or indirectly in
the establishment and administration of
the government.
1.right of citizenship
2.right of suffrage
3.right to information or matters of public
concern
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 Civil Rights
 those rights which the law will enforce at the instance
of private individuals for the purpose of securing to
them the enjoyment of their means of happiness.
Right against involuntary servitude
1.

Right against imprisonment for nonpayment of

2.

debt or poll tax

Constitutional rights of an accused
3.

Liberty to abode
4.

Social and economic right

5.

Freedom of speech
6.

But the wisdom that comes from heaven is first of all pure; then peace-loving, considerate, submissive, full of mercy and good fruit, impartial and sincere.
 Social and Economic Rights
 rightswhich are intended to insure the well-
being and economic security of the individual.
 1. Right to property
 2. Right to just compensation for private
property
 3. Promotion to education
 4. Promotion of social justice
 5. Utilization of natural resources
 Rights of the Accused - civil rights intended for
the protection of a person accused of any crime.
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 Rights and Liberties of Filipino
Citizens
The Bill of Rights “Charter of
Individual Liberties” springs
from the recognition accorded
by the government of the
intrinsic value of its people in
successful governance
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 Declared in the Article III of the Constitution, the Filipino
citizens have the following rights and liberties, namely:
 1. Right to life
 2. Right to liberty
 3. Right to property
 4. Right to equal protection of the laws
 5. Right against unreasonable searches and seizures
 6. Right to privacy of communication and correspondence
 7. Freedom of expression
 8. Freedom of religion
 9. Right to form associations
 10. Liberty of abode and of travel
 11. Right to information
 12. Right against impairment of obligation of contracts

But the wisdom that comes from heaven is first of all pure; then peace-loving, considerate, submissive, full of mercy and good fruit, impartial and sincere.
 Important Sections of Article III
 Section 1- Right to life. Right to Liberty. Right to property. Right to equal protection of
the laws.
 Section 2. - Right against unreasonable searches and seizures.
 Section 3- Rights to privacy of communication and correspondence.
 Section 4-Freedom of expression.
 Section 5- Freedom of religion.
 Section 6- Liberty to abode and of travel.
 Section 7- Right to information
 Section 8- Right to form association
 Section 9- Right to property
 Section 10-Right against impairment of obligation of contracts. Rights of Persons under
Investigation Rights of the Accused

But the wisdom that comes from heaven is first of all pure; then peace-loving, considerate, submissive, full of mercy and good fruit, impartial and sincere.
 Important Sections of Article III
 Section 11- Right of free access to the courts.
 Section 12- Right to adequate legal assistance
 Section 13- Right to bail
 Section 14- Right to due process of law. Right to presumption of innocence. Right to
be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation. Right to have a speedy,
impartial, and public trial. Right to confront witness. Right to compulsory process.
 Section 17- Right against self-incrimination.
 Section 18- Right against detention for political beliefs. Right against involuntary
servitude.
 Section 19- Right against excessive fines. Right against cruel, degrading or inhuman
punishment.
 Section 21- Right against double jeopardy

But the wisdom that comes from heaven is first of all pure; then peace-loving, considerate, submissive, full of mercy and good fruit, impartial and sincere.
 Section 1
 Right to life. Man’s life is gift of God. It must be respected by the
government and by the citizens. The only condition that man’s life will
suffer is when they received conviction by a court of justice after fair trial.
 Right to Liberty. Liberty denotes the state of being not subject to
restriction or control. It is the right to act freely and in a manner one
chooses. It includes the right to use and enjoy one’s faculties. The right
may only be interfered if one trespass upon the rights of others and
violate the laws.
 Right to property. This means that the owner may use his property,
dispose it off by sale or donation, or encumber it subject to the right of
other persons alone and the inherent power of eminent domain.
However, the exercise of power of eminent domain is subject to three
requirements: observance of due process of law, payment of just
compensation, and public use.
 Right to equal protection of the laws. All persons regardless of their
circumstances in life, that is, whether they are rich or poor, shall be
treated equally before the law.
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 Section 2.
 Right against unreasonable searches and seizures.
 duty of the state to provide security to the persons,
houses, papers, and effects of its people.
 An unreasonable search and seizure is one that is
conducted illegally or without warrant.
 A search warrant or warrant of arrest is valid if it
complies with the following requirements.
 1.a probable cause determined personally by the judge
issuing it after examination of the complainant and
witness.
 2. the warrant which describes in particular detail the
place to be search, the things to be seized and the
person to be arrested.
But the wisdom that comes from heaven is first of all pure; then peace-loving, considerate, submissive, full of mercy and good fruit, impartial and sincere.
 Section 3
 Rights to privacy of communication and
correspondence.
 The provision covers the guarantee from
unnecessary interference on the right of the people
to respond and communicate with one another.
 The constitution provide two instances by which the
state may lawfully interfere with this freedom.
 1. Upon lawful order of the court
 2. When public safety or order requires it as
provided or defined by law.
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 Section 4
 Freedom of expression.
 It is the act or process of conveying in words and
other medium what one wishes without prior
restraint or censorship by the government.
 . The freedom of expression may be regulated
by the State to ensure that the exercise thereof
does not infringe on the rights of others.
 The constitution guarantees the right of citizens
to peacefully assemble in order to express their
views and opinions on important public concerns
and to petition the government for redness of
their grievances.
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 Section 5
Freedom of religion.
The right of religious worship
means that every person is free
to choose the kind of
relationship he wants with God
and to worship Him in a manner
he likes and according to his
conscience.

But the wisdom that comes from heaven is first of all pure; then peace-loving, considerate, submissive, full of mercy and good fruit, impartial and sincere.
 Section 6
 Liberty to abode and of travel
 that every person has a right to establish his home in any place.
 He is also free to change his abode or to transfer it from one place to
another.
 It includes the right to travel freely in the Philippines and outside
thereof to any foreign country.
 The liberty to abode is subject to the following conditions:
 1. Lawful order of the court
 2. In the interest of national security, public safety, or public
health as provided by law. This implies that right maybe interfered
with by the State under these circumstances through its police
power.
But the wisdom that comes from heaven is first of all pure; then peace-loving, considerate, submissive, full of mercy and good fruit, impartial and sincere.
 Section 7
 Right to information. Every Filipinos has the
right to gather or obtain information from official
records, documents, and papers relating to
officials acts, transactions, or decisions of the
government.
 Limitation of this right
Records concerning and affecting the
security of the State and other documents
which by their nature are confidential may
not be disclosed to the public

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 Section 8
Right to form association. The
constitution guarantees the right of the
people to form or join associations.
The right may not be curtailed as long
as the societies formed espouse
principles and pursue objectives that
are not contrary to or against any law.
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 Section 9
Right to property
 The right that is protected in the constitution
refers not only to the possession or the things
itself but also to the right over the things.
 This means that the owner may use his
property, dispose it off by sale or donation, or
encumber it subject to the right of other persons
alone and the inherent power of eminent
domain.
But the wisdom that comes from heaven is first of all pure; then peace-loving, considerate, submissive, full of mercy and good fruit, impartial and sincere.
 Section 10
 Right against impairment of obligation of
contracts.
 A contract obliges the contracting parties to
perform their agreement according to its terms
and conditions.
 The constitution prohibits the enactment or
passage of a law alters or changes the conditions
or terms of contracts without the consent of the
parties thereto.
But the wisdom that comes from heaven is first of all pure; then peace-loving, considerate, submissive, full of mercy and good fruit, impartial and sincere.
 Section 10
Rights of Persons under Investigation (Also
known as Miranda Rights, Rule or Law)
 A person who is under investigation for the
commission of a crime has the following rights:
 1. Right to be informed of his right to remain silent
 2. Right to have independent and competent
counsel
 3. Right against torture, force, violence, treat,
intimidation, or any means which vitiate the free
will
 4. Right against being held in secret,
incommunicado, or similar forms of solitary
confinement.
But the wisdom that comes from heaven is first of all pure; then peace-loving, considerate, submissive, full of mercy and good fruit, impartial and sincere.
 Section 10
Rights of the Accused

 1. Right to due process

 2. Right to free to the court
 3. Right to adequate legal assistance
 4. Right to bail
 5. Right to presumption of innocence
 6. Right to be informed of the nature and cause of accusation against him
 7. Right to have speedy, impartial, and public trial
 8. Right to meet the witness face to face
 9. Right to compulsory process
 10. Right against self-incrimination
 11. Right against detention for political beliefs
 12. Right against involuntary servitude
 13. Right against excessive fines
 14. Rights against cruelty, degrading or inhuman punishment
 15. Right against double jeopardy
But the wisdom that comes from heaven is first of all pure; then peace-loving, considerate, submissive, full of mercy and good fruit, impartial and sincere.
 Section 11
Right of free access to the courts
All citizens, rich or poor, are guaranteed
access to the courts of justice and quasi-
judicial bodies of the government.
 Section 12
 Right to adequate legal assistance.
The State through the Public Attorney’s
Office provides free legal assistance to
citizens who are unable to hire a lawyer
by reason of their being poor.
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 Section 13
Right to bail
 Bail is the security required by the court
and given for the temporary release of
the person who is in the custody of the
law, that he will appear before any court
in which his appearance maybe required
as stated in the bail bond or
recognizance.
 Guidelines for the fixing of the amount of
bail are contained in the Rules of Court.
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 Section 14
 Right to due process of law. Simply means fair trial,
that is, a person who is charged with a criminal
offense before a court is given the opportunity to
defend himself in court and that before judgment is
issued or rendered, there is a trial.
 Right to presumption of innocence. In all criminal
prosecutions, the accused is always presumed
innocent and according to established rules, and
procedures
 Right to be informed of the nature and cause of
the accusation. Every person accused of an offense
has the right to know the nature and the cause of the
accusation against him and why the crime is imputed
to him.
But the wisdom that comes from heaven is first of all pure; then peace-loving, considerate, submissive, full of mercy and good fruit, impartial and sincere.
 Section 14
Right to have a speedy, impartial, and public trial.
 Speedy trial -one that could be dome immediately without delay
 A trial is impartial if it is conducted by the court without bias for or
against the litigants and that the case is decided solely on its merits.
 Public trial is one that is open to the public. In meritorious instances,
as when public morals and decency are to be protected, the publics
may be excluded from the trial.
 Right to confront witness- The accused has the right to confront or
meet the witness face to face. the following qualifications:
 1. To allow the accused to cross examine, through his counsel, the
witnesses against him in order to test and prove into the veracity or
truth of their testimonies, affidavits, and evidence.
 2. To afford the judge the opportunity to see for himself how the
witnesses behave while testifying and being cross-examined.
But the wisdom that comes from heaven is first of all pure; then peace-loving, considerate, submissive, full of mercy and good fruit, impartial and sincere.
 Section 14
Right to compulsory process
 Every person accused with a crime has the right to
have compulsory process to secure the appearance
or attendance of witnesses and the production of
his evidence.
 Compulsory process may be done through
subpoenas to require or compel witness to appear
and testify in court in his behalf and subpoenas
duces tecum to require the production of
documents, articles, or any other documentary
evidence.
But the wisdom that comes from heaven is first of all pure; then peace-loving, considerate, submissive, full of mercy and good fruit, impartial and sincere.
 Section 17
Right against self-incrimination.
The accused cannot be
compelled to testify against
himself. The right to remain
silent is an important corollary to
his right. It is based on the
principle of self-preservation.

But the wisdom that comes from heaven is first of all pure; then peace-loving, considerate, submissive, full of mercy and good fruit, impartial and sincere.
 Section 18
 Right against detention for political beliefs. The
constitution abhors the detention of any person by
reason of his political beliefs and aspiration. The
right against detention for political beliefs encourage
the citizens to participate actively in the affairs of the
state thereby becoming catalyst of political change
 Right against involuntary servitude. No person
can be forced to render compulsory service to
another. The exemption is a punishment for a crime.
Meaning, that person can be required to render
service for a crime he is convicted.
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 Section 19
 Right against excessive fines. A person convicted a
crime may be meted out a penalty of imprisonment and
fine at the same time. , in determining the fine to be
imposed must consider both the ability of the convict to
pay the fine and the nature of the offense, among others.
 Right against cruel, degrading or inhuman
punishment. The Bill of Rights bans the subjection of a
convict to cruel, degrading or inhuman punishment. This
means that torture, mutilation or severance or cutting
off of body parts, water cure, starvation and other
barbaric punishments are prohibited
But the wisdom that comes from heaven is first of all pure; then peace-loving, considerate, submissive, full of mercy and good fruit, impartial and sincere.
 Section 21
Right against double jeopardy
 Putting a person twice in jeopardy of punishment
for the same offense constitutes double jeopardy.
If a person who is charged with a crime is
acquitted or convicted without his express or
written consent, he cannot anymore be charged
with the same offense for to do so would put him
in double jeopardy,. The guarantee provides
protection to a person against the chance of being
punished or tried twice for one and the same
offense.
But the wisdom that comes from heaven is first of all pure; then peace-loving, considerate, submissive, full of mercy and good fruit, impartial and sincere.
 Lesson 2:
Citizenship

But the wisdom that comes from heaven is first of all pure; then peace-loving, considerate, submissive, full of mercy and good fruit, impartial and sincere.
 Citizenship
 the position or status legally recognized in a
particular country along with the rights duties
and privileges.
 a relationship between an individual and a state
 it implies the status of freedom with
accompanying responsibilities
 the most privileged form of nationality which
denotes protection wherever individuals are
staying.
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 CITEZENSHIP
 In Ancient Greece - the concept of
citizenship started in towns or city-
states where it generally applied to
property owners, the right to vote, and
liable to taxation and military service but
not to women, slaves, or poorer
members of the community

But the wisdom that comes from heaven is first of all pure; then peace-loving, considerate, submissive, full of mercy and good fruit, impartial and sincere.
 BASIC PRINCIPLE TO DETERMINE
CITEZENSHIP
 United States / British Commonwealth
 jus soli-citizenship is acquired by birth
within the territory of the state regardless of
parental citizenship
 jus sanguinis - whereby a person,
whenever born is a citizen of the state

But the wisdom that comes from heaven is first of all pure; then peace-loving, considerate, submissive, full of mercy and good fruit, impartial and sincere.
 CITIZENSHIP
 1935- Commonwealth Constitution TO 1973- Martial
Law Constitution
 Freedom Constitution (1987) - gives Filipinos a a
clear understanding of citizenship in Article 4 with
sections .
 Section 1 distinguishes the citizens of the Philippines
 Section 2 refers to natural citizenship
 Sections 3, 4, and 5 adhere to reacquisition, retention,
and dual allegiance of citizenship.
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 The Concept of Citizenship
Citizen and Citizenship
 Citizenship indicates the membership
of a citizen in a democratic political
community. It implies mutual
relationship between the individual
and the state.
 Citizen is a person who has the title of
citizenship

But the wisdom that comes from heaven is first of all pure; then peace-loving, considerate, submissive, full of mercy and good fruit, impartial and sincere.
 The Concept of Citizenship
Citizenship and Nationality

 Citizenship is the status of owing

allegiance to a state in return for the
protection that the state affords the
citizenship.
 Nationality indicates ethnic affiliation.
 In legal parlance or in Civil Law and
Private International Law, citizenship and
nationality means the same thing.
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 The Concept of Citizenship
Acquisition of Citizenship
 Methods of Acquiring Citizenship
 1. Involuntary method - If citizenship comes as a result not of the free will or
voluntary act of the citizen but brought about by facts or circumstances beyond
his control like blood relationship or place of birth.
 Voluntary method- Citizenship is acquired through the voluntary act
of naturalization.
 Naturalization- The process of making or adopting a foreigner as member of
the a state and vesting him the rights, as well as privileges, of a native-born
citizen.
 Naturalization may be viewed in two senses
 1. Strict sense- it is a judicial process, whereby the requirements of the law as
to its form have to be followed. Example: opportunity for judicial hearing and
approval of the petition
 2. Broad or loose senses- is not only the judicial procedure but also the
acquisition of another

But the wisdom that comes from heaven is first of all pure; then peace-loving, considerate, submissive, full of mercy and good fruit, impartial and sincere.
 Who are the citizens of the Philippines? The citizens of the Philippines are
those enumerated in Section 1, Article IV of the Constitution, as follows:

 1.Those who are citizens of the Philippines at the time of the adoption of the
1987 Constitution. The 1935 and 1973 Constitutions of the Philippines also
contained a similar provision.
 - This provision recognizes the Filipinos who have acquire the title of citizen
at the moment the constitution took effect regardless of the manner or mode
they have become citizens, provided that means of acquisition is not illegal.
 2. Those whose fathers or mothers are citizens of the Philippines
 citizens by blood based on the jus sanguinis rule as recognized in the
Philippines
 a person, whether legitimate or illegitimate, who is born of a Filipino father or
mother is likewise a citizen of the Philippines whether the father or mother is
natural-born or naturalized.
 it is not necessary that both parents are Filipinos , one is enough for a child to
become a Filipino
But the wisdom that comes from heaven is first of all pure; then peace-loving, considerate, submissive, full of mercy and good fruit, impartial and sincere.
 Who are the citizens of the Philippines? The citizens of
the Philippines are those enumerated in Section 1, Article
IV of the Constitution, as follows:

 Those born before January 17, 1973, of Filipino mothers, who

elect Philippine citizenship upon reaching the age of maturity.
 The phrase “those born before January 17, 1973,” refers to
those born under the 1935 Constitution or before the effectivity
of the martial Law Constitution on Jan 17, 1973.
 Commonwealth Constitution, as the 1935 Constitutions
otherwise referred to. A child of a Filipino mother married to an
alien is a foreigner and remains to be so until he elects
Philippine citizenship upon reaching the majority age. The
phrase” upon reaching the age of maturity has been interpreted
to means “three years after reaching the age of majority.
But the wisdom that comes from heaven is first of all pure; then peace-loving, considerate, submissive, full of mercy and good fruit, impartial and sincere.
 Who are the citizens of the Philippines? The citizens of
the Philippines are those enumerated in Section 1, Article
IV of the Constitution, as follows:

4. Those who are naturalized in

1.

accordance with law.

Those who are naturalized in
accordance with the law on
naturalization.

But the wisdom that comes from heaven is first of all pure; then peace-loving, considerate, submissive, full of mercy and good fruit, impartial and sincere.
 Kinds of Citizens
Natural-born Filipino Citizens
Citizenship of Filipino Who
Marries an Alien
Multiple Nationalities
Dual Allegiance
Statelessness

But the wisdom that comes from heaven is first of all pure; then peace-loving, considerate, submissive, full of mercy and good fruit, impartial and sincere.
 Kinds of Citizens
Natural-born Filipino Citizens
 They are those who are already citizens of the
Philippines at the time of their birth and don’t
have to or perform any act to become Filipinos.
 Sec. 2. Of the Article on Citizenship in the
Constitution those born before January 17, 1973,
of Filipino mothers, who elect Philippine
citizenship upon reaching the age of majority
are, for all intents and purposes, deemed natural-
born citizens.

But the wisdom that comes from heaven is first of all pure; then peace-loving, considerate, submissive, full of mercy and good fruit, impartial and sincere.
 Kinds of Citizens
Citizenship of Filipino Who Marries an Alien
 A Filipino who marries a foreign national
shall remain a Filipino.
 This is the intent of the Constitution. Sec. $.
Art. IV provides that
 citizens of the Philippines who marry aliens
shall retain their citizenship” even if such
Filipinos who are married to foreign
nationals acquired or are granted the
citizenship of their spouses’ country(ies).
But the wisdom that comes from heaven is first of all pure; then peace-loving, considerate, submissive, full of mercy and good fruit, impartial and sincere.
 KINDS OF CITEZENSHIP
Multiple Nationalities
 The Hague Convention of Conflict Nationality Law
(Art.2) provides that: “Any question as to whether a
person possesses the nationality of a particular state
should be determine in accordance with the law of
the state.”
 It could be deduced from this article that with
reference to the countries directly involved, dual or
multiple nationality does not exist. But from the
vantage point of a third state, it exists.
But the wisdom that comes from heaven is first of all pure; then peace-loving, considerate, submissive, full of mercy and good fruit, impartial and sincere.
 KINDS OF CITEZENSHIP
DUAL ALLEGIANCE
 Sec 5, Article IV- The Constitution prohibits
dual allegiance and declares it inimical to the
national interest
 The prohibition against double allegiance
addresses the issue of Filipino citizens of
foreign ancestry or parentage of owing
allegiance to the Philippine Republic while at
the same time maintaining very close ties and
loyalty with their country of origin.
But the wisdom that comes from heaven is first of all pure; then peace-loving, considerate, submissive, full of mercy and good fruit, impartial and sincere.
 KINDS OF CITEZENSHIP
STATELESSNESS
 A person may become stateless or without a state to be identified with
through any of the following instances:
 1. Deprivation of his citizenship for any cause.
 2. Renunciation of his nationality, expressly or impliedly.
 3. Voluntarily release from his original state.
 4. Birth in a country which applies only on the theory of jus sanguinis
(citizenship based on blood) of parents whose country adopts only the
principle of jus soli (citizenship based on place of birth).
 The Hague Conference on Private International law (1928) provide that
the personal law of a stateless person is the law of the domicile (habitual
residence) or secondary law of the place of temporary residence.
But the wisdom that comes from heaven is first of all pure; then peace-loving, considerate, submissive, full of mercy and good fruit, impartial and sincere.
 Lesson 3: The
Philippine Flag

But the wisdom that comes from heaven is first of all pure; then peace-loving, considerate, submissive, full of mercy and good fruit, impartial and sincere.
 Brief History
 Did you know that if not for the Philippine
Revolution of 1896, we will not have a national
flag of our own? Our early flags were those of the
Katipunan and prior to this, the Spanish flag is the
only flag that we knew.
 The design of the Philippine flag that we know
and use today is said to have been conceived by
Feliciano Jocson and was later refined by Gen.
Emilio Aguinaldo, President of the Revolutionary
Government
But the wisdom that comes from heaven is first of all pure; then peace-loving, considerate, submissive, full of mercy and good fruit, impartial and sincere.
 Brief History Of the PH FLAG

 Marcela Agoncillo handsewn the first Philippine flag in Hong Kong

with the help of her daughter Lorenza and Delfina Herbosa
Natividad (niece of Jose Rizal) and later brought to the Philippines
by Gen. Aguinaldo.
 Gen. Aguinaldo at Teatro Caviteño in Imus, Cavite on May 28,
1898, THE FLAG WAS FIRST RAISED - after the Battle of Alapan
–the first fight of the Philippine Revolutionary Army that defeated the
Spanish forces.
 The same flag was, however, hoisted officially in Kawit, Cavite
during the proclamation of Philippine Independence on June 12,
1898.
 it was raised with dignity during the inauguration of the Malolos
Congress on September 15, 1898
 From then on, it served as the national flag of the Philippines.
Figure 1 shows the evolution of our national flag
But the wisdom that comes from heaven is first of all pure; then peace-loving, considerate, submissive, full of mercy and good fruit, impartial and sincere.
 EVOLUTION OF PHILIPPINE FLAG

But the wisdom that comes from heaven is first of all pure; then peace-loving, considerate, submissive, full of mercy and good fruit, impartial and sincere.
 Symbols and Meanings
 The flag is the country’s most cherished symbol.
 It is the nation’s emblem for freedom
 It symbolizes patriotism, love of country and
sense of nationhood and embodies the aspirations
and sentiments of the Filipino people in their
unceasing quest for independence
 It stands as an instrument of unity that binds the
Filipino people

But the wisdom that comes from heaven is first of all pure; then peace-loving, considerate, submissive, full of mercy and good fruit, impartial and sincere.
 Symbolism Meaning/Representation
Blue stripe Peace, truth and justice
Red stripe Patriotism and valor
Equilateral white Liberty, equality, fraternity
triangle The emblem of the Katipunan
Golden yellow sun Unity, freedom, people's democracy, and sovereignty
Eight primary rays Eight provinces with significant involvement in the
of the sun 1896 Philippine Revolution against Spain or the first eight
provinces placed under martial law by Spain because of the
insurrection – Batangas, Bulacan, Cavite, Laguna, Manila,
Nueva Ecija, Pampanga and Tarlac
Three stars at the Three major island groups – Luzon, Visayas and Mindanao
vertex of the
triangle
 Legal Bases/Foundations of the Philippine Flag
EO 179 and RA 8491
Laws/Executive Issuances relating to the Philippine flag
Laws/Executive Title Date Purpose
Issuances

Executive Order 179, Prominent Display of the Encourages the observance

s. 1994, Pres. Fidel V. National Flag in All May 24, of National Flag Days from
Ramos* 1994
(With reference to and Buildings, Establishments, May 28 to June 12 every year
consolidation of and Homes from 28 May to commemorate the first
Proclamation No. 374 1994 to 12 June 1994 and furling of the flag (May 28,
dated March 6, 1965 and Every Year Thereafter, and 1998) and to honor the
Executive Order 137, Sec. for other Purposes sacrifices of our heroes for
8 dated our
January 7, 1965) hard-earned freedom

Republic Act No. 8491** Flag and Heraldic Code of February 12, Prescribes the Code of the
the Philippines 1998 National Flag, Anthem,
Motto,
Coat-of-Arms and other
heraldic items and devices of
the
Philippines
 JAMES 3:17
But the wisdom that comes
from heaven is first of all pure;
then peace-loving, considerate,
submissive, full of mercy and
good fruit, impartial and
sincere.