RIGGING EQUIPMENT - STRUCTURAL DESIGN NOTE
A. Sling Load
From load data:
H1 6.954 m
H2 6.954 m
D1 5.24 m
D2 6.26 m
L1 8.71 m
L2 9.36 m
Selfweight of spreader bar and other lifting equipment W1 = 3.7 MT (weight of spreader bar from App. A, 30% contingency included)
Load on module lifting point (grid-A) W2=Max(A1,A2,A3,A4) = 26.0 MT
Load on module lifting point (grid-B) W3=Max(B1,B2,B3,B4) = 37.0 MT
Total load of sling at spreader bar W=W1+W2+W3 = 66.7 MT
Tension on sling L1 TL1 = 45.5 MT
Tension on sling L2 TL2 = 48.9 MT
Basic sling load Fs=max(TL1,TL2) = 48.9 MT 107.8 Kips
SWL of spreader beam SWL(sb) = 100.0 MT
Hence, by applying vertical point load 0.5*SWL(sb) with min. sling angle 45 deg, Basic load for padeye, Fpb, can be determined:
Fpb= MAX(0.5*(SWL(sb)+W1)+/sin(45deg), Fs) Fpb = 73.3 MT
Where
1
RIGGING EQUIPMENT - STRUCTURAL DESIGN NOTE
Weight contingency γwc = 1.05
COG shift γcog = 1.10
DAF γdaf = 1.12
SKL γskl = 1.10
Tilt Factor γt = 1.05
Yaw Factor γw = 1.05
Static Sling load, Fst= Fs*γwc Fst = 51.3 MT
Dynamic Sling load, Fdy=Fst*γdaf Fdy = 57.5 MT
Sling design load, Fsd=Fs*γwc*γcog*γdaf*γt*γw*γskl Fsd = 76.7 MT 169.1 Kips DNVGL-ST-N001 (2016) sec.16.3.4.1
B. Dimension of Shackle
Provided Shackle: Green Pin Wide Body G-4163 with the following data :
Shackle Safe Working Load (SWL) SSWL = 85.0 MT
Shackle Min Breaking Load MBL SMBL = 425.0 MT
Proof load test result PLT = 170.0 MT RJ0021-P0273-R-01-SLT (Proof load test report)
Pin Diameter (dp) = 83.0 mm 3.27 in.
Jaw Width Bsh = 127.0 mm 5.00 in.
Bearing surface (dia) Dsh 75.0 mm 2.95 in.
Inside Length Hsh = 329.0 mm 12.95 in.
Check Fsd<SSWL*DAF 76.7 MT < 95.2 MT DNVGL-ST-N001 (2016) sec.16.5.2.5 …Accepted
Unity Check UC = 0.805
Check Fsd<SMBL/3 76.7 MT < 141.7 MT DNVGL-ST-N001 (2016) sec.16.5.2.5 …Accepted
Unity Check UC = 0.541
Check Fsd<PLT 76.7 MT < 170.0 MT DNVGL-ST-N001 (2016) sec.16.5.2.5 …Accepted
Unity Check UC = 0.451
C. Dimension of Sling
Nominal safety factor for sling, γsf=max(2.3,γf*γc*γr*γw*γm) DNVGL-ST-N001 (2016) sec.16.4.3
γsf = 3.26
Where
Lifting factor γf = 1.30
Consequence factor γc = 1.30
Reduction factor, γr=max(γs,γb) γr = 1.30
Termination factor γs = 1.30
Bending factor, fb=1/(1-0.5/(Dsh/dsl)^0.5) γb = 1.00 (Ignored as the bending is at the eye sling)
Material factor γm = 1.35
Wear factor γw = 1.10
2
RIGGING EQUIPMENT - STRUCTURAL DESIGN NOTE
Required Nominal MBL of sling, MBLr > γsf*Fsd MBLr = 250.2 MT DNVGL-ST-N001 (2016) sec.16.4.2.0
= 2454.2 kN
Provide sling rope = IWRC 6x36 grade 1770
Choose sling rope above MBL = 590.0 MT
Diameter of Sling dsl = 90.0 mm 3.54 in.
Unity Check MBLr/MBL ≤ 1 UC = 0.424 …Accepted
D. Criteria for Padeye Sizing
Diameter of pin hole dh = 87 mm = 3.43 in L001-00000-CS-7770-1004
Provide diameter of pin hole = 3.43 in Pin hole Dia for the padeye
Radius of pin hole rh = 1.71 in Pin Hole Radius for the padeye
E. Lift Point Load
Lift Point Design Load Fp=Fpb*γwc*γcog*γdaf*γt*γw*γskl*γc = 149.6 MT
= 329.8 kips
Load angle α = 45.0 degree
Pz P
P = 329.8 kips
Pz = P sin a = 233.2 kips
a= 45.0 o Py = P cos a = 233.2 kips
Py
F. Padeye Code Check
Try the following plate thickness :
- Thickness main plate (tm) = 2.36 in = 60 mm
- Max thickness cheek plate 1 (tc1) = 1.20 in = 30.5 mm
- Max thickness cheek plate 2 (tc1) = 0.00 in = 0 mm
- Total Provide thickness cheek plate = 1.20 in = 30.5 mm
- Total thickness of padeye tp = tm + (2 x tc1)+ 2 x tc2)
= 4.76 in < Jaw Width, B= 5.00 …Accepted
121 mm
- Actual gap distance between padeye thickness and jaw width, g1=B-tp
g1 = 0.24 in
Actual gap in each side, g2=g1/2 g2 = 0.12 in 3 mm
- Ideal gap distance between padeye thickness with jaw width g1 is (0.1*B to 0.4*B) no need spacer plate
Design gap in each side: g3 = 0.12 in 3 mm
3
RIGGING EQUIPMENT - STRUCTURAL DESIGN NOTE
-
Thickness of spacer plate on both side, tsp=g2-g3tsp = 0.00 in. 0.0 mm
- Gap distance Inside Length = H + dp/2 - rm - ds > 1/4 "
= 5.14 in …Accepted
- Stiffener plate thickness ts = 0.79 in 20 mm
- Main plate radius rm = max of (1.25 x Diameter pin hole or Diameter pinhole/2 + 3")
= 5.91 in 150 mm
- Cheek plate radius rc = main plate radius - thickness cheek plate
= 4.70 in 119.5 mm
- fyield main plate fym = 50 ksi
- fyield cheek plate fyc = 50 ksi
Sketch of Padeye
Pz P
rm tm = 2.36 in
tc = 1.20 in
h2 = 14.29 in
rc a Py tc
h2 = rm + h1
tm
h1 = 8.39 in
213 mm
A d1 d2
A1
ts ts
section A-A1 :
(Assumed as Beam Section)
200 mm 200 mm ts ts = 0.79 in 20 mm
ts
d1 = 7.9 in d2 = 7.9 in
Y
tm = 2.3622 in w= 11.81 in
X 300 mm
D = d1 + d2
D= 15.7 in
L = 2ts +d2 +d1
L = 17.32 in
440 mm
F.1 Pin Bearing Stress
Check Bearing Capacity
Allowable Bearing Stress = 0.9 x fyield
Bearing Capacity : = 0.9 x fyield x A
A = dp * t/sqrt(2)
2
= 11.0 in
Bearing capacity = 0.9 x fyield x A
= 495 kips
Bearing Load = 330 kips < Bearing Capacity …Accepted
Unity Check = 0.67 …Accepted
Stress due to pressure between elastic bodies
0.5
Phe = 0.591 x (p E / Kd) < 2.5 Fy
E = Young's Modulus = 29000 ksi
Hertz pressure :
dh
For 85MT shackle Green Pin Wide Body G-4163
Pin hole dia. dh = 3.43 in. dp
Pin dia. dp = 3.27 in.
4
RIGGING EQUIPMENT - STRUCTURAL DESIGN NOTE
dp dh x dp
Kd =
dh - dp
= 71.1 in.
2 2
Bearing capacity = plate thickness x (2.5 Fy) x Kd / (0.591 x E)
Bearing capacity at cheek plate = 2 *tc x (2.5 Fy)^2 x Kd / (0.591^2 x E)"
= 263.3 kips
Bearing capacity at main plate = tm x (2.5 Fy)^2 x Kd / (0.591^2 x E)
= 259.0 kips
Total Bearing capacity = 522.3 kips
Bearing Load = 329.8 kips < Bearing Capacity …Accepted
Unity Check = 0.631 …Accepted
F.2 Pin Pull-Out Shear
Allowable Shear Stress = 0.4 x Fy
= 20 ksi (main plate)
= 20 ksi (cheek plate)
Shear Capacity = (2 x (rm-fhole/2) x tm x 0.4Fy) + (4 x (rc-fhole/2) x tc x 0.4Fy)
= 683.6 kips
Main plate 2.4 in thk. 6 in. rad.
1.20 in thk. Cheek plate
5 in. rad.
3 in. dia. hole
Shear force, Py = 149.6 kips
= 149.6 kips < Shear capacity …Accepted
UC = 0.22
F.3 Tension Failure
Pz Block Shear 2
P
rm Block Shear 1
a
rc
Py tm = 2.36 in.
tc = 1.2 in
h1 = 8.39
A A1 h2
ts d1 ts
d2
Refer to AISC D1 - Block Shear 1
Allowable Tensile Stress without pin hole = 0.60 x Fy
= 30 ksi
Tensile Capacity = Block Shear 1 length x tm x 0.60 Fy
= 873.3 kips
Maximum Tension = 329.8 kips < Tensile Capacity
Unity Check = 0.378 …Accepted
Refer to AISC D1 - Block Shear 2
Allowable Tensile Stress without pin hole = 0.60 x Fy
= 30 ksi
Tensile Capacity = Block Shear 2 length x tm x 0.60 Fy
= 594.3 kips
Maximum Tension = 329.8 kips < Tensile Capacity
Unity Check = 0.555 …Accepted
5
RIGGING EQUIPMENT - STRUCTURAL DESIGN NOTE
F.4 Combined Stress
P = 329.76 kips
Pz = P sin a = 233.179 kips
Py = P cos a = 233.179 kips
section A-A1:
tm = 2.36220 in.
ts = 0.78740 in. Neutral Axis
ts ts
d1 =7.87 in d2 =7.87 in
X 1 2 3 tm w= 11.81 in
4 5
Y sb b-b
sb a-a D= 15.7 in. D = d1 + d2
L= 17.3 in.
Area Ordinat thd sb a-b Centre of Gravity
No. b (in) h (in) A*X' A*Y'
(in2) x' y' Xcog Ycog
4 0.000 0.000 0.000 8.661 0.000 0.000 0.000
1 0.787401575 11.81 9.3000186 0.393700787 5.906 3.661424646 54.92136969
2 15.7480315 2.362204724 37.2000744 8.661417323 5.906 322.2053688 219.6854787
3 0.787401575 11.81 9.3000186 16.92913386 5.906 157.4412598 54.92136969
8.66
5.91
5 0.000 0.000 0 8.661 2.362 0 0
Total 55.8001116 483.3080532 329.5282181
Ordinat Relative to COG
A*X^2 A*Y^2 A*X*Y IX0 IY0 IX IY IXY
X Y
0.00 -5.91 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-8.27 0.00 635.7040428 0 0 108.1129325 0.480501922 108.1129325 636.1845 0
0.00 0.00 0 0 0 17.29806919 768.8030752 17.29806919 768.8031 0
8.27 0.00 635.7040428 0 0 108.1129325 0.480501922 108.1129325 636.1845 0
8.66 -3.54 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
233.5239341 2041.172 0
F.5 In-plane Bending
S Ig + S (A x x' )
Iy 2
=
= 2041.2 in^4
Sy = Iy / (Xcog)
= 235.7 in^3
Inplane Moment M = Py * h1 - ( Pz * 0 )
= 1955.40 kips-in
Allowable In-plane Bending Stress = 0.66 x fyield
= 33 ksi
In-plane Bending Stress = M / Sx
= 8.297 ksi
Unity Check = 0.251 …Accepted
F.6 Out-of-Plane Bending
Sx = Ix / (Ycog)
3
= 26.96 in^3 = 0.0004 m
5% of static sling force will be applied, as per API 20th edition section 2.4.2.
5% of sling force = 16.4882 kips
6
RIGGING EQUIPMENT - STRUCTURAL DESIGN NOTE
Out-of-plane Moment M = 138.267 kips-in.
Allowable out-of-plane Bending Stress = 0.66 x fyield
= 33 ksi
Out-of-plane bending stress = M / Sx
= 5.128 ksi
Unity Check = 0.155
…Accepted
Axial Tensile Stress
Allowable tensile stress = 0.6 x Fy
= 30 ksi
Axial Tensile Force (Pz) = 233.179 kips
Tensile Area (As) = 2*(((rm-dh/2)*tm)+2*((Rc-dh/2)*tc))
= 55.8001 in^2
Axial Tensile Stress = Pz / As
= 4.179 ksi
Unity Check = 0.139 …Accepted
Combined Axial Tension and Bending
UC = fa / Ft + fip / Fb + fop / Fb
= 0.139 + 0.3 + 0.155
= 0.545 …Accepted
Horizontal Direction (Main Plate)
Allowable shear stress = 0.4 x fyield
= 20 ksi
Shear force, Py = 233.179 kips
Shear Area (As) = 55.8001 in^2
Shear stress = Py / As
= 4.179 ksi
Unity Check = Shear Stress / Allowable Shear Stress
= 0.209 …Accepted
F.7 Von Misses Stress
2 2 2 0.5
s = (fx + fy + 3fs )
where
fx : total stress in x-dir. = 12.48 ksi (due to in-plane moment and tension)
fy : total stress in y-dir. = 5.13 ksi (due to out of plane moment)
fs : shear stress = 4.18 ksi (due to Pv)
s = 15.309 ksi
Allowable stress = 0.75x Fy = 37.5 ksi
Unity Check = 0.408 …Accepted
G. Welding Sizing
Weld of cheek plate to main plate
Weld type : E60XX electrode with Fv Fexx = 60 ksi
Allowable Shear Stress for Fillet Weld is the lesser of :
Fs = 0.6*(1/22)*Fexx
= 12.7 ksi
Allowable Shear Stress = 12.7 ksi
=
Load at Check Plate = Ps*(tc/(2*tc+tm)) Tc = 0
= 83.12 kips
half
Effective weld length =
perimete
= 375.4 mm 14.78 in
Minimum Fillet Size = 11.2 mm 0.44 in
7
RIGGING EQUIPMENT - STRUCTURAL DESIGN NOTE
Size of fillet welds: Min 0.7 x Thk Cheek Plate
Min 0.7 x Thk Cheek Plate = 21.4 mm 0.84 in
Max Thk Cheek Plate-2mm = 28.5 mm 1.12 in
Used fillet weld size = 22 mm 0.87 in …Accepted
