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    1. Democratic decentralization (concept) aims to promote transparency, responsiveness, and accountability through decentralized governance and citizen participation. 2. It involves transferring powers, functions, and resources from the central government to local governments and community organizations. 3. The effective implementation of democratic decentralization requires developing the appropriate institutional mechanisms and addressing its conceptual aspects.

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    1. Democratic decentralization (concept) aims to promote transparency, responsiveness, and accountability through decentralized governance and citizen participation. 2. It involves transferring powers, functions, and resources from the central government to local governments and community organizations. 3. The effective implementation of democratic decentralization requires developing the appropriate institutional mechanisms and addressing its conceptual aspects.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    39 views415 pages

    Mpa 016

    Uploaded by

    Momentum sports zone
    1. Democratic decentralization (concept) aims to promote transparency, responsiveness, and accountability through decentralized governance and citizen participation. 2. It involves transferring powers, functions, and resources from the central government to local governments and community organizations. 3. The effective implementation of democratic decentralization requires developing the appropriate institutional mechanisms and addressing its conceptual aspects.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 415

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    97

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    98

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    182

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    228

    ~ tR 24 ~ 1648 ~ ~aR ~ ~ ~ ~
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    PI CfiI C1~ <PT >f[Iffi ~ ~ I 4illll d XT\Jf <PT 31~ m<TI
    et fll ~jJ%Cfi f.1CfiT<:l ~ ~ "CfiX'iT~ I

    "lfq" ~ <PT 31~ ~ et ~ xil~Cfi ~ et ~


    ctT~ xl ~ ~ 31~ lfq <:IT -q'f:q" I 4illlld TJlq et
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    wfq, ~. "CRf., 1979, "4illlld"l XT\Jf ~-R'IC'?r~ifl: ~ C!'iIR;iRw 3W:n ~, SlI~M(i ~


    RCfiJ:j;§~ixi", ~ ~, ~ qf01cB~I'i, ~ ~ I .
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    ::P"011~e:~H ~ ;§ClC1rq~1~", ~ qf7<1cB~ifl, ~ ~ I
    ~, ~. ~., 1979, "c11\$"!~lq ~ 4illlldl XT\Jf", 4il~flC1, ~ I
    <i\'<'lfqll'i ~ 3W:n ~ M ~ICl4~e, C!Cfft~~e~ ~, Cfi~PxiC1.3W:n ~, 1985,
    ~Ixii[ll, http://www.conventions.coe.int
    '+fR(l fl"!CfiI"!, 1988, Rq'l<tl3W:n G ~ -gq 3lT'i" ~F«CI'C C(l1IPi~I,<TI\JAT ~, ~ ~ I

    '+fR(l fl"!Cfi I"!, 1985, ~ 3W:n G ~ ~ ~ G ~CRilfil~1 C!\$f?!PI~~CI 3l~\Jl~<fl q5R


    ~ ;§ClC1q~e ~ ~ (CAARD),
    C!R;i~~H 5'l1l:11Ml"1 m1frur fctcpm fcNrrr, ~ J:j?lIC111,
    ~

    ~I
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    '+fR(l fl"!CfiI"!, 1988, ~ 3W:n ctt Cfili'hH 3lT'i" ~ ~ RJl~I'"'{i, ~ll"!~'i \JlFfcfl fl"!CfiIRlll,
    ~ 2, cti~lC1,,! 3W:n qf7<1cB~I'"'{i, ~ ~ I

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    ~ xNCfiI,,!, GflC:ft 4ilClttlll <TI\JAT, 2002-07, ~ 6.1, "m ;§ClC1q~e", <TI\JAT ~ I

    '+fR(l fl"!CfiI"!, <TI\JAT ~, GflC:ft 4ilClcnll <TI\JAT, \Jfl 2005, ~ c+f 3lq~\JlC1 3W:n t-.e:r

    / I
    229

    .~ tm ~, 2002-2007, 3lun<:r 17, "lICl<1"'<i ~ ;§ClC'lqi'ie", ~ 3lun<:r 11, "m


    ~'il:tlI~qiN" 1

    ~ XTCI", x:fi. ~., 1989, "~fi~C'lI~\J;S L<>1IPfll:~ ~ 3ITcn ~ffi41R<:jfl ~ >ll~q~fl",


    $07rnPl0 ~ 1JI!?tf2Cl7(1
    ~ 25 ~ 1

    ~ ~, 11T"4 13, 20061

    ~, \Jft. -QT., 1967, "4i1I\qcn Xl\Jf 6ft m", Cffiief?r, 2 ~ 1

    ~, ~, 2003,"~-R'I~~~I'iC'lI~JI~I'i 3ITcn !llflf)~fl ~", YHNjC!'<i ~ m 1,


    ~11
    ~, 6lT. ~., 1994, q'i/I2/rf) ?TVf ;pr ~ cftq ~ cftq qf€C'1~~I~i, ~ ~ 1

    ~, ~ ~, 1992, "~fi~C'lI~Ji~H ~ eft "$T~ ~", flIvt4'<i ~\5l1\<!, 24 ~ 1

    l1T~, ~. <ft., ~ ~CbcillC'l'i1'!I\qOI (~.). 1969, 4i1I\qdl Xl\Jf, L<>11f.ill~ ;§i11J>Xil ~


    qf€C'1~ill ~, ~ 1

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    'fiim, ~. ~., ~ ~ ~ tfrC'1", ~, 1996, ~ 4i1I\qdl Xl\Jf ~ ~, ~


    qf€C'1~~I~, ~ ~ 1

    fiim, ~. ~., 1981, ~ ;§ClC'lqi'ie ~ 4i1I\qdl Xl\Jf, CblrflCC qf€C'1~ill ~, ~ ~ 1

    . fiim, ~. ~. ~ fiim, rcmr, 2002, fgflj/C1I$IJ\5 ~ fum qf€C'1~~I~, ~ ~ 1

    fMc! Jifrp cf1 ~ Jifrr JJfM!20 ~*C1I$u';~7'1. 1969, flt:CbIRdl "(1"~ "!J1l1fcjcpm~HII\{i'i,
    lit:I\{I~ fl'!CbI'! 1

    m, ~. -QT., 1967, ~ ~ lICl;:fi'ie 3ITcn ~, ~ ~, ~ ~ 1

    ~, !51~1\q1'<.1996-97, "~fi~C'lI~JI~I'i lil;Sctl ~ R'!"GifftCl ~;sf?lf.1~~H :~ 3ITcn ~


    ~ ~ C!;sf?lf.1~~I'i", Cffiief?r, m 30-311

    'tj~liO\qli, ~.<ft. ~., 1967, "~ ~ ;§i1'I~«J ~, Cffiief?r, 2 ~ 1

    , x=ifcmR (73cIT~) ~, 1992, lfN(1" cm 'l"\JlC, ~, -.xrm ~ ~ ~ cpf


    J01?1 IC'l\q, ~ ~ 1

    ~, 6lT.~. ~ ~ ~ (~.), 1991, "~~i\{i ~ ~\(~~C'lI~\J;S L<>11f.ill",CbI~~CC


    qf€C'1~ill ~, ~ ~ 1

    12.11 3I~ltI

    1) frrcpc cB- ;~ ~ if ~ ~ \3"'i" lifm;rr "(1"~ ~ CJTf >lfd f.1~ ~ 6fT"(1"~


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    ~I
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    /
    -------------------------------------------------------
    ~Cf)I~ 13 73cf aitx 74~ ~f<mR ~m\:Ff ~ qft
    ·~!?)tifdl~

    13.0 ~

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    13.2.2 74c1'~lFc1>-.1Fr"ft~ 3i~)f.n:r:l cm ~W-iT~


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    .
    ,

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    I
    13.1 SlWI(FlI
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    /
    23J

    ~ (73cIT ~) ~, 1992 cm 24 3iifc;r 1993 cm ~ fctm <rm I ~ ~ fctcnG


    ~ fcp <r5 ~ ~ ffH31ffl 45 fcrcTR ~ I 3ffl" ~Pl ti 1~'1~ <r5 \3O(ff ~ fcp ~ fcrcTR cf> -qnJ ~
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    -$T "~u -$T ~ cm ~ ~ ~ I~ ~ -q 5+f 73-ij 3TR 74-ij ~ ~
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    .f 13.2 ~ :t1l~'1<Pt ~~ ~ ~~ ~ \idlq ~ ijjC;Ii

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    . ~ ~ -$T ~ ~ ~ ~ I ~~, ~ cIT'iT ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Cf)T ~ 3lCRR
    ID ~ -gr ~ fcp cmr q"qI~C1'"'1
    Xf\jl ~3lT.cm ~ G\ffi ~ \ilRT ~ I~ ~
    ~ ~ cm <r5 ~ flic;r -.m fcp ~ ~ 3lCRR ~ ~ ~ ~ fclcRur -q \JfT ~ %I
    (Yl'I45HBTcB-~ ~ rn ('j'q) <r5 3lJl1 Xi6liRl {,f'i' -.m ~ fcp q'"qI~C1'1Xf\jl-m~3lT
    ...•.... :.
    cm
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    cf> ~ -q m 'R ~ I 1991 -q ~ -q 3lR cf>~, ~ Xi'<45I'<~'q'"qI~\11 ~ ~3lT
    • cm ~ :m~~45dl ~ ~ M.TI"i" (72cIT) ~ ~ 1991 ~ f$m I;~ .~. cm
    ffi::rG ~ 22 ~Xi~'< 1992 cm qrfuf fcpm 3TR 3ffl" ~ ~ (73cIT~) ~ 19~2 ...
    cB-~ ~ \ilRT \iffilT ~ I .

    ~ q"qI~C1'1Xf\jl ~3lT et> "f)\l -q (Yl'I45dlP::i45 ~;$'>i'145,<01 inT ~ Cf)T ~.fit:;r ~


    ~ ~ >lcnR ~ Rl61Xi -q ~ -;:p:rr ~ ~ <rm 3TR ~ -q lJT+fruT~ fCl~ 1fl*1 ~3lT
    cB- ~ -q <r5 ~ ~ ~ ~ sWI "fCl~IIXi'i -$T ~3lT" ~ -$T ~ err ~
    ~ ~ ~ I rwcift. ~ -q cpm <rm ~ fcp qillW1 fCl~I!'<i'i -$T ~ tI~ ~ <r5
    mm ~ fcp ~ 'lR1 ~ ~ ~I fC ~ af;{ -q mff'i' ~ -gg fCll ~'d d 1 3TR ~ '6f.fr
    ~ I 3llA ~Pl~I~'"'1 "f)\l ~, 73cIT ~ ~ q"qI~C1'j cm <r5 ~ G\ffi ~ ~ I
    ~XiFc1q,~: <r5 mfR Cf)T ~ 'f(N ~ I ~ <r5 cf;crc;r ')l~lmf.145 fiElClI~" (Administrative
    Federalism) cm ~ 'R m~, 3TR cgt9 ~ I ~, m. '[fr. lJ6A Cf)T ~ fcp 73-ij ~
    ~ ~ cB- >lTCIm'i' )l~IIXiPl45 fiElClIG cm ~ ~ %, illfcp ~ ~ ~
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    ,I
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    ~ cm xr4'l6l<a "CbT<TI$T $=r ~ 1f Cllthpd fcn<:rr \JITdT ~: (i) ~ / fllli l;;;q
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    ~ 1 ,<'<SI,<'<SIICl ~
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    ~ ~ ~ ~ \JlT ~ ~ 1f 4ill<1dl Xl\il ~ 3W1·ft:1diGIR<11 ~ 1

    ~ qRtilt: (~ q-'ilI~d, Zilla Panchayat; ZP) ~ ~ CfiTlf

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    /
    257

    ~ChIXiI~Fp cm<.f ~ if cpft 3iR ~ ~ 3iR ciiPIClHl, q~qlC'Fl, ~ cm<.f 3iR:rff


    ~ XiI~lf\JiCh C11P1c#l,~ 3iR q~ill\!1 (f~ fuen ~ ~ .f f61~C'1 ;HI~I;:x:jd: ~ 1
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    ~ \nT ~ ~ if cjil ILld", WIT ~~ cfi <n<IT ~ m LR XiI~I;:x:jd: Plt:qI~C1 fcrK:rr
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    ~ if ~ w:r ~ ~ ;:ffiT fcrK:rr 'T<TI "6"1

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    fcrK:rr 'T<TI ~ 1 1952 if XiljGlfIlCh fctcpm Chltlw~ ~ ~ ~ qRCld1 ~ ~ ~ 1 tfGRI
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    xi!jGlfIlCh fclcnrfr Chltlw~ cfi ~ ~ LlI\J111~ ~ ~ cfi ~ ~ dCh·..j',cCl
    ~ ~\It:j ~13iR TfRCT >lftrafOT CbT mfi1cvr ~ 'T<TI ~ 1

    1952 if ~ -ID +lR ~ "\J1Tq x=WrFc1 (Grow More Food Enquiry Committee) ~ ~ N41i
    if tr~ 6IR ~ m1frur fctcmi cfi ~ Xi~FcPd '<ilIC'l11~Ch '<i\!il11 <p~ ~1(HLlChdl
    ~ ~
    ~ 1~ &<m- 3ffi1+l f)q~al if ~ m - ~, ~, ~, ~
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    ~ "ChT'4T cruR ~ TTm 1~ ~ cfi ~ fclcnrfr ~ cfi ~ if 100-120 -.nm
    cm- mfi1cvr ~ ~ fcIcprn ~ cfi ~ if ~ cBI ~ cBI ~ cBI 1 % fctcprn
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    dCh;:flc#l ~ ~ Xi$I£ldl ~ 3iR ~ 5 ~ 10 -.nm cfi ~ lJr1Tur ~ LR~.
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    ~ m<fT ~ ~ cm- fl ~ pq d ~ 3iR ~
    cnr4 cm- ~ w:r ~ cfi ~ ~ TR-Xi\!ChI~ ~ WTT 1

    flljGlfIlCh fctcpm Ch14w~ (Community Development Programme; CDP) cm-1952 if 3lR+T Cl?\!"
    ~ w:r cm- ~
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    er fl~FcPd <irfrur fctcDm cfi w:r if fclcnrfr ~ ~(f ~ ~ ~ cpft, q~qlC'1~, lJr1Tur
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    'li Il~ GI~ cm- II fc1~~ C'16f1T1T 1

    /
    258

    fjJld"1i(iiif> fi'<!il"1l fil~GI~if> ~ if>lawSOf if>1~f.-q""l"1cfi .~ ~ ~ \JlT Tft~ 3fR


    ~ q'ilCl~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ftwTT ~ ~ ~ qRClct"1 cfi ~ ~ (J'R -qx 3Pft (fq:)
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    Jj?,lI('1~ ~ fcn<n lTm I lWftur ~ if>lawJi'j "# ~x ~ ~ 'd"~ "# qRClct"1 m cfi
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    cjill~d'j q)T ~ ~ Jj?lI('1~ ~ fil~GI~if> Jj?lI('1~ cm $f(1idRd fcn<n lTm I ~ ~
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    3tR fi$if>IRdI fcrwT "# ~ fcn<n lTm I ~ X]<:I" w ~ cfi 'tl~ICljfil'<! 1959 "#
    cjill~d~ XT\if ~ ~ ~ 3tR Jj?lI('1~ q)T '1<IT "'1ll1 fil~GI~if> ~, cjill~d~ XT\if 3tR .~
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    '!i$if>IRdl Jj?lI('1~ q;x WIT lTm I

    1960· cfi ~ cfi ~ "# ~ ~ if>lawsn "# ~ ~ \j("qIG"1 ~ -qx m lTm m I


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    lTm 3lfGg if>1~if> ~ -qx ~ ~ tT ~ cfi 3TttFr ~ lTm t I"
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    ~ cfi ~ ~~ ~ ~ cm \j4gCffi ~ ~ fiSOfIFc1tefcn<n lTm I ~. ~ ~ ~
    "# 2300 fctcpm ~ -B 1978-79 -B. ~cI>1cpd ~ fctcpm if>lawSOf(Intensive Rural Development
    Programme; IRDP) ~ fcn<n lTm I 1980 "# ~$')CPd ~ ~ if>lamJi cfi W~ C1tJ
    ~ ~ ~ (Small Farmers Development Agencies; SFDAs) cm ~ \TIT ~
    ~ ('11~ 1 lTm \J'f6r ~$') cpd ~ ~ if>lawJi q)T ~ cfi ~ ~ "# fcffi1R fcn<n lTm I -
    I

    x1G:PII'<!~ cfi ~ 1977"# ~ fcn<n lTm "Cf)1l1 cfi ~ 3FfT\Jf" if>lawJi "# ~ cfi ~ er:
    o
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    .
    .,
    -'

    /
    259

    ~ Cfll4m+il $T ~ m~ ~ ~ cfi fc)-~ ~1"9f.1Cf) wim cfi "flT~


    ~cti1Td ~ fclcnrn CflI4~~ 3tR ~ ~ x1\1l'llx Cf)1<lm~ (National RuraJ Employment
    Programme; NREP) cfi \j~ >W-<l m- +f ~ ~ W. I mm fl"!Cfllx -.r 1980 .# ~ ~
    fGRqy ~ tR 5Hllflf.1(f) m cm '{"iEff"ed;~. cfi ~ +f ~ ~ fct'! I ~ ~
    fl~<il{j ~ 3tR Rirc1T ~ fctcnm 31~ ~ ~ ~ !~ 9)<ir:)~Tol ~'5lI<"!ll
    1979 Tf ~ 1l<TI\JIT 1982 ('fCpW I~ 1985 +f <:ffi ~ ~ if ~9..:rq) mlfrur fc)qm:r
    fcr.:rrr cfi ~ if ~ ~ x'if<iI('4iCfl ~ 6Ff 7i4i I

    ~, ~ 1980-90 if '{4illftrG 'fi~ld<iI('iiCfl fix'if<ii Cf)f croR -q:R I ~ fcrcpffi ~ ~ pRt


    1f?rr~ 1> -it x{ ~ t ~r ~
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    ,f
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    iv) .~~mm

    v) fcITr mm; 3tR


    vi) ~ wm (Monitoring Wing)

    ~ 6 mm3# cfi 3l RI RCfd 1986 +f fcMp-r +f Tftcif ~ ~ ~ \JICYf >rm tR ~ d Cf)~'lCh'T


    ~. \JICYf ~ ~ fcn<:rr <Tm C'fTfcp ~ ~ \i1c1 >IGR fcn<:rr \JfT "flCf; ~l w:rRT
    ~ f.1~:.1ICf1 ~ ~ ~ (Mission Director-cum- Joint Secretary) m I ~
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    cfi >1:.111 Rsa d ~ ~ :

    • fcttruR ~ ~r f.1~!;!II("Ill (Directorate of Marketing and Inspection; DMI) - irg ~

    ~ Cfllllf("lll tI
    • ~. ~ fclcpm ~ (National Institute of Rural Development; NIRD) -- <:rt\ ~
    ~~tl
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    ~ ~ cpl<lmli'j cfi fi'qIc>i"l cpf W'lla1 /xfrm ~ ~ fl,,!cplx cpf ~ I ~ ~


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    af?I' CPI<lmJOJ (Drought Prone Area Programme; DPAP), ~ ~ cpl<lmJOJ (Desert
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    ~ ~ cw:rr cpf ~ ~ ~ ~ cpf ~ men- ml ~ ~ ~ if
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    C'fm 'IOiJOJrqll~ cpf 3lUTa1 ~ ~/~ \3CGIe;'i ~/WTR ~ -$T ~w
    ~an qJWf~, f<l~cpRl ~ cpX'ill t ~a-TUT qJWf ~ 3TR ~ ~C'\tIicp'i qJWf ~ I cgt9
    ~ ~ ~ ~ 1971 if ~ ~ fiJld'ilfl"1cp fix'q'il ffi ~ ~ ~ ~
    ~ (Special Schemes Organisation; SSO) ~ \JfTClT~"(fffcp ~ mm qR£l'I\JHIQ ffl
    \JfT 'fl'Cfi I tfR-tfR ~ cpl<lmJOJ~, ~ ~ af?I' CPI<lm41 (Drought Prone Area
    Programme; DPAP), ~ fclcIm:1' cpl<lmJOJ (Desert Development Programme; DDP), ~
    ~ '<1\JPllx cpl<lwJOJ (National Rural Employment Programme; NREP) '4T ~ ~
    ~ (SSO) ~ $«1idRd cpx ~ ~ ~ I

    ~ ~ if Mllfl'i -$T)l'~ ~ ~ 3tR ~ ~ ~ men- ~I ~ ~ lR


    ~ 3tR ~ ~ ~ ~ I '\Jf{,f fll je; If!1cp fclcIm:1 cp l<lwJOJ3lR+r fcn<rr <mT m ID ~
    if ~ ~ fllje;lf!1cp ~ ~!;1llfl'i cpf ~ 6AT<IT'w:!T m I ~ ~ ~w
    cpf fl JOJrqll qJWf m 3tR ~ ~ ~ -$T 3lUTffilT qJWf m I ~ if flxcpl~ 3tR
    TR-flxCPI~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ fl$llldl ~ ~ ~ qJWf m I

    / I
    262

    ~ ~m~ Ttr~ ~ (1969-74) il B6~ ~ fcfJC[ ~ ~ 1969 -B ~ FcHi!'1'"


    cm ?f[Uf ~i$I,'J.t11 ~ dCb..J!cB'l lipfG:;tT'1 ~ ·cfi ~ ~ ~ ~ &RI" ~ ~
    ~?f[Uf"frTIaIT ~ (All India Rural Credit Review Committee) ctT FflLflIR:;t! ~ ~
    fcpmq fcIcprn ~ (Small FaJ.mers'DevelopmentAgencieli; SFDAs) 3tR ~ ~
    er ~ ~. fctq)1ff 3iN~ (Marginal Fanners and Agricultural Labourers Development
    Agencies; MFALDAs) ctT ~ ctT ~ I "Wft .~ ctT ~IRlFcl~r<if cm ,,9liP-qt1 m c:fi
    fB~ ~ -$I 31UramT -B ~ flli"Cltl ~ x=r4r ~ -B ffl" ~ I

    ~ ~ ~ ~ (SFDAs) 3tR ~ ~ er pf~ ~ fclcnm ~


    (MFALDAs) Cbl4wliT cm ~ ~ c:fi ~ ~ cj\Jj"ICb"{ul'~, 1960 c:fi ~ ~
    Rncl TT 1[CP ~ ~. CfiT TT<.Ff fcn<:rr <T<n I ~ ~ ~ 4>!4CbI~ Cbifi1Ct>'i~ ~
    ~ .~ 5Rft 4T C1~ XT\Rf "fr~ er "fl1lT1ffi~ it ~ fl$! tlt1 I >fTLCl ~ ~ I w;iq;:r
    .. ~ -B ~ *1l"al ~ m<:f: ~ mm ~ 3tR ~ ~, q~ql&l'1, ~$CbIRt11 fcr~ 3iR
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    ~ 4~ ~ ~ C12IT~, q~ql&l'1 ~ fl$CbIRtll ~ cfl ~ xi$ltlCb
    -qfQ~l\jHI ~ 3T~ Cf>TfltCf) ~ t I~ ~ fclcnm 31T~ (SFDAs) cnT 3ltAT
    ~ cpnfaBf ~ mm ~ ~ cm ~ ~ fclcnm ~ -~ ~3TI ~.
    . . Xi $Cf)IR ~ I ~ CllI<lfll flI Cb ffi' cfl lf1Ufl1 it ~ <lR"'iT mm t I
    -~ ~ fctcm1 ~(SFDA) cfl31RlRCffi ~~ 3iR ~ cjijCl~tl ~3TI cfl Gffi;r
    ~. -B ~ ~ q~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I~ ~ ~ aBf Cb!4wli (DPAP) C1m
    -~ fctcm1 Cbl4wli (DDP) 1970 cfl ~TCP -B ~ ~ ~ I fGrc;rr ~ 1R ~ <:IT eR-
    fl"{CbI"{ &RI" ~ qR41\J1'11 ~ ~ f<pm TTm I fl!li!OXIt1: ~ ~ "f1T~:r
    ~tl
    ~ fclcnm +i?il&ltl ~ ~q)IR:;t1 ct'r fcp ~"f(R 1R ~ ,rcT Cb!tlT"Cltl'1 ~ ~
    lJ1lltur ~ 31fiia.?xur (District Rural Development Agency; DRDA) oFrr. ~ Riifl CbI
    31Ufal ~ ~ <:IT '3Q!gCffi <IT ~l'cfm ID I 3iCf: \jf6T ~ ~ -B"Wft ~ -q C!Cf~pt1
    m~ fclq)m Cb!4wli (IRDP) C1m ~~ ~ -<l\;:PII"{ Cb!4w~ (NREP) t9Cft cjijci!fftl
    ~ cfl 3lR1i -B ~ fcl>q ~ m fGrc;rr lJ1lltur fctCb"m ~ (DRDAs) cm ~
    ~ cfl ~ -B ~ fcn<:rr TTm I

    fGrc;rr ~ fctcp-m ~ (D~DAs) ~ -B cI)14wSi'i ctT~, Cb!tlf;:q<Oj'1, ~~-ur ~


    ~("\q iCb'1 c:fi fQ1~ G!~ ~ I fGrc;rr "!frftur fclcnm ~ cfl ~. f.!lk1 f(;j f{sj t1 t:
    • CbI4wSi/ cfl1iI1c{\S\ 3TT<WlT ~ ~1ffi3TI c:fi 6IR -q fuc;rr ~ ~ "f(R cf; ~
    cm ~ >RR ~r ~ ~ ~ -B ~ "C.f>mTcnT l[~ <lR"'iT;

    • ~ ctT ~ ~ 3iR ~ ~3TI cfl ~a1Uf 3iR ~ cnT flli;:qtl ~ ~


    "fl1lT1ffi<lR"'iT ~ 3Rr -B ~ ~ ~ 6RAT;

    • f.!ltl~C1 ~c;;ajCb'1 ~ ~a1Uf cfl &RI" Cb14wl=f ctT }1+lICl:;tIlc1It11cm "tlf.!l~ijt1 ~;

    • 3~ ~ 3Rr~ fll=f;:qtl ~ fl$~lll cm "tlPl~ilt1 <lR"'iT

    /
    263

    • Cf)1<hbSOjl'"$ mxr ~ \Jq~~ cm >['qR~, mM cm >rfTR ~ ~ Cf)14w+iT"$


    m if \J11'1c.i?I~ ~; ~

    • ~.rfftl mm if ~ '<"1,<Cf)I-<1"
    cpl;~ ~ .~ I ..•.
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    ~~:

    1) ~ "$ ~ ~ ~ (MPs) ~ ~ (MLAs)

    ii) ~ fil5Cf)I{J ~ cm ~

    iii) ~ ~ ~ cm 31'CZf1ff

    , . iv) ~ ~ cm 31'CZf1ff

    v) 3TIfOfr ~ cm ~ ~

    vii) mBtur ~31T cm ~ ~~Pl~ ~: ~ ~ I

    RJrc;rr mBtur fclCI?"m ~ "$ 31'CZf1ffcp1 RJrc;rr mBtur fclCI?"m ~ ctT fil51 'QCil "$ ~
    .~ Cf)14Cf)1~ ~ ~ cm ~ ~ lTm ~ I ~ if ~ «R cfi ~ ~
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    ~ ctT ~.lfIffrCn ~ -ft 311<:11fGiCi ~ 311q ~'QCf) ~ I fGR;rr mBtur fclCI?"m ~ "$
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    C!$1C[lCi mBtur fclCI?"m Cf)14wSOf(IRDP) ~ mBtur al?lT if ~ 3tR ~ fclCI?"mCf)14wSOf
    (Development of Women and Children in Rural Areas Programme; DWCRA) cB"~ ~
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    I
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    ~ fclCI?"m J1?11C'1'Q ~ ~ ctT 31'CZfalffi if ~ fGR;rr fclCI?"m ~ ctT ~ ~
    cm ~ ~ ~ ~ I~ ~ if.fclCI?"m ~ "$ fGR;rr «R "$ ~, ~ mm
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    ~~tl
    fil jG 1ftI Cf)'fclCI?"m Cf)14wSOf(1952) "$ ~ ~ 1ft fGR;rr «R 1R fcl$"SfI Cf),<01 "$ m if fct=crR
    fcpm 'ffi" m ~ I .~ 3l1<WT "$ RJrc;rr ~ Cf)14Cf)1~ ~ (1985) ~ 716 ~ Gll5'<I'Q1
    fcp ~ ctT ~ 1R ~ ~ Cf)14$1')+i1"$ C!$1C[lCi ~ ll~fcl~ "$ "flT~ \iI!¥Cf),<
    ~ tiillC'1'1 "$ ~ if fct=crR ~ ~ I

    mBtur fclCI?"m ~ ~ 5631T Cf)14w+11 (Rural Development and Poverty Alleviation


    Programmes) (1985) "$ fcl~SOfI'1 ~~llfiPlCf) ~ ctT"fllfra=rr ~ ctT ~ if %f lTm ~ fcp
    "~, ~ ~ Cf)14wSOfCf)1'Qt;;:J'Q'1 "$ .~ fGR;rr m~ ~ m-#r ~ I" ~ 716

    / I
    264

    ~ +=Kf~ fcp ~ ~ ~ cp~ et- ~ ~ \iq~C/f1 ~ <1l\i"'FIT~ 'lcl 3iICl~llCf>CiI


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    /
    " TffiT, XfElCf, "ql21rfj(Ot~H 3lfq) ~A:llCj'!4c 3lfq) ST' ~ ~3R: c:- ~ 3lfq) 4illlld ~ ~",
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