General Poverty and Subsistence Incidences

Poverty Incidence / Subsistence Incidence /

Year
Population (%) Population (%)
1985 44.2
1988 40.2 -
1991 39.9 -
1994 35.5 -
1997 31.8 -
2000 33.7 15.8
2003 30 13.5
2006 32.9 14.6
2009 26.5* 10.8*
Source: National Statistical Coordination Board, FIES (2009)
*The 2009 FIES featured changes in the official poverty estimation methodology
Magnitude of Population

26,674,645
25,385,200
28,554,247
27,372,971
26,768,596
25,472,782
23,836,104
27,616,888
23,142,481*
Urban vs. Rural Poverty Incidence (%)

Area 1985 1988 1991 1994 1997 2000 2006

Philippines 44.2 40.2 39.9 35.5 31.8 33.7 32.9
Urban 33.6 30.1 31.1 24 17.9 19.9 19.1
Rural 50.7 46.3 48.6 47 44.4 46.9 45.8
Source: National Statistics Office— FIES (2006), An Assessment of the Poverty Situation in the Philippines— Reyes (2010), The Poverty Fight: Has It Made a

*From the Annual Poverty Indicators Survey (2008), not the FIES (2006)
 2008
-
19.7*
42.5*
yes (2010), The Poverty Fight: Has It Made a Difference?— Reyes (2003)
Top Fifteen Poorest Provinces, by Household Incidence

2003 2006 2009

Province Incidence (%) Province Incidence (%) Province

Zamboanga del Norte 59.5 Zamboanga del Norte 54.1 Zamboanga del Norte

Masbate 50.2 Tawi-Tawi 49.1 Agusan del Sur

Agusan del Sur 48.5 Agusan del Sur 45.5 Surigao del Norte
Siquijor 45.5 Maguindanao 44.9 Eastern Samar
Negros Oriental 43.6 Negros Oriental 44.4 Maguindanao
Zamboanga Sibugay 43.3 Bohol 43.7 Zamboanga Sibugay
Surigao del Norte 42.3 Northern Samar 43.3 Romblon
Maguindanao 41.9 Masbate 42.9 Masbate
Camarines Norte 40.7 Surigao del Norte 41.6 Davao Oriental
Mindoro Occiental /
Bohol 40.2 40.6 Northern Samar
Romblon
Camarines Sur 38.3 Davao Oriental 39 Bohol
Northern Samar 37.4 Sultan Kudarat 38.7 Saranggani
Sultan Kudarat 37.3 Misamis Oriental 38.2 Sulu
Misamis Oriental 37 Eastern Samar 37.6 Lanao del Norte
Saranggani 36.7 Sulu 36.7 Camarines Sur
Source: National Statistical Coordination Board, (FIES 2009)
2009
Incidence (%)

52.9

51.2
47.9
45.8
44.6
43.2
43
42.5
42.5
41.7
41
40.7
39.3
39
38.7
Chronic and Transient Poverty Among Households in 2008 (% of Total Population )

Location Chronic Poor (%) Transient Poor (%) Total Poor (%) Previously Poor (%)
Luzon 8.1 17.6 25.7 20.5
Visayas 12.4 23 35.4 22.2
Mindanao 20.6 26.9 47.5 23.1

Urban 5 14.7 19.7 15.9

Rural 17.1 25.4 42.5 25.1
Source: Chronic and Transient Poverty— Reyes et al. (2010)

Chronic and Transient Poverty Among Households in 2008 ( % of headcount per category)

Location Chronic Poor (%) Transient Poor (%) Total Poor (%) Previously Poor (%)
Luzon 33.7 42.7 39.4 49.2
Visayas 20.4 22.2 21.5 21.1
Mindanao 45.9 35.1 39.1 29.7

Urban 15.4 22.5 22.5 28.4

Rural 84.6 73.4 77.5 77.5
Source: Chronic and Transient Poverty— Reyes et al. (2010)
Income Inequality from 1985 to 2009

Year Philippines Urban* Rural*

1985 0.4466 0.4555 0.3796
1988 0.4466 0.4447 0.3891
1991 0.468 0.4736 0.3941
1994 0.4507 0.4602 0.3942
1997 0.4872 0.485 0.419
2000 0.4822 0.4857 0.4346
2003 0.4605 0.4782 0.4255
2006 0.458 0.4496 0.4296
2009 0.4484 - -
Source: National Statistics Office— FIES (2006)
*Gini estimates for urban and rural areas are taken from: An Assessment of the Poverty Situation in the Philippines— Reyes (2010), which may have applied a
— Reyes (2010), which may have applied a different estimation method from that employed by NSO
Natural Resource Distribution and Landholding Inequality

Percent of farms
Average Farm Gini
Year Above 10 ha. Above 25 ha.
Size (ha) Ratio
1960 3.6 5.5 0.5 0.53
1971 3.5 4.8 0.6 0.54
1980 2.8 3.5 - 0.54
1991 2.2 2.3 0.3 0.57
2002 2 1.8 0.2 0.57
Source: Balisacan (2007), Poverty in the Philippines:Causes, Constraints and Opportunities— ADB (2009)

Proportion of Population living as informal settlers, 1991-2006

Year Informal Settlers

1991 2.41
1994 2.81
1997 3.34
2000 3.31
2003 3.69
2006 4.01
Source: National Statistics Office— FIES (2006)
Major Industry Group of Family Head across Income Strata, 2009

Industry Group Under P 40,000

Families Reporting (in ‘000) Share of Total (%)

Philippines in General 575 3.7 of Pop

Agriculture and Forestry 427 74

Fishing 22 3.8
Mining and Quarrying 1 0.2
Manufacturing 28 4.8
Electricity, Gas and Water - -
Construction 10 1.7
Wholesale and retail trade; repair of vehicles and
40 7
personal and household goods
Hotels and Restaurants 10 1.7
Transport Storage and Communications 10 1.7
Financial Intermediation * *
Real Estate renting and Business activities 1 0.2
Public Administration and Defense 9 1.5
Education 1 0.2
Health and Social Work * *
Other community social and personal service
11 1.9
activities
Private Household with Employed Persons 13 2.3
Source: National Statistics Office, FIES (2009)
* - refers to negligible value

Employment Status by Income Strata, 2008

Employment Status Both Income Strata (%) Lowest 30% (%)

Total 100 100
Employed 82 90.2
Unemployed 18 9.8
Source: National Statistics Office, APIS (2008)

Poverty Incidence of Various Classes of Workers

Worker type Poverty Headcount Share to Total Poor

Private Household 23.29 4.52
Private Establishment 24.89 34.36
Government / GOCC 8.73 2.39
Self-Employed 33.91 36.45
Employer 20.56 3.37
With pay (family-owned business) 18.03 0.3
Without pay (family-owned business) 45.37 18.6
Total 28.46 100
Source: National Statistics Office— FIES (2006), An Assessment of the Poverty Situation in the Philippines— Reyes (2010)

Informal Sector Operators

Selected Indicators Percent (%)

Informal Sector Operators (Thousands) 10, 454

Occupation Group
Managing Proprietors 31.2
Professionals 0.3
Technicians and Associate Professionals 0.9
Service Workers and, Shop and Market sales
2.4
Workers
Farmers, Forestry Workers 47.4
Trades and related workers 4.8

Plant and machine operators and assemblers 4.7

Laborers and unskilled workers 8.2

Other occupation not elsewhere classified 0.1

Industry Group
Agriculture, Hunting and Forestry 41.3
Fishing 7.2
Mining and Quarrying 0.4
Manufacturing 5.2
Electricity, gas and water 0
Construction 1
Wholesale and retail trade, repair of motor
vehicles, motorcycles and personal and 29.6
household goods
Hotels and Restaurants 1.4
Transport, Storage and Communication 9.9
Financial Intermediation 0.1
Real estate, renting and business activities 1
Education 0.1
Health and social work 0.3
Other community, social and personal service
2.6
activities
Source: National Statistics Office— Informal Sector Survey (2008)
 40,000 – 59,999 60,000 – 99, 999
Share of Families Share of
Families Reporting
Total (%) Reporting Total (%)
23.7 of
1371 9.1 of Pop 3594
Pop

894 65 1820 50.6

90 6.5 316 8.8
11 0.8 32 0.9
61 4.4 173 4.8
1 0.007 5 0.1
50 3.6 294 8.2

102 7.4 329 9.1

6 0.4 23 0.6
50 3.6 302 8.4
* * 3 0.008
9 0.07 23 0.6
32 2.3 105 2.9
1 0.007 8 0.2
2 0.015 4 0.1

21 1.5 69 1.9

40 2.9 88 2.4

Highest 70% (%)

100
78.5
21.5
Poverty Incidence among Basic Sectors

2000 2003
Sector Magnitude Incidence Magnitude Incidence
Women 12,227,315 32.3 11, 602,634 29
Youth 5,476,061 24.5 5,293,223 23.5
Children 14,093,102 42.5 13,469,849 38.8
Senior Citizens 1,277,139 29 969,906 18.4
Urban Poor 6,784,016 17.3 6,360,978 15.9
Migrant and Formal
2,622,324 18.7 2,886,445 18.4
Sector Workers
Farmers 2,431,995 46.6 2,027,689 42.4
Fishers 450,020 50.8 440,579 43.6
Source: National Statistical Coordination Board

Regions with Minimum and Maximum Poverty Incidence among the Basic Sectors, 2006

Basic Sector Least Poor Most Poor

Poverty Incidence Poverty
Region Region
(%) Incidence (%)
Women NCR 9.7 ARMM 58.9
Youth NCR 7.3 ARMM 53.2
Children NCR 15.2 ARMM 66.3
Senior Citizens NCR 4.4 ARMM 46.5
Urban Poor CAR 7.4 ARMM 52.4
Migrant and Formal
NCR 4.8 CARAGA 36.8
Sector Workers
Farmers Region II 16.9 ARMM 62.3
Fishermen Region III 23.9 CARAGA 66.7
Source: National Statistical Coordination Board
 2006
Magnitude Incidence
12,806,177 30.1
5,925,823 25.4
14,405,899 40.8
1,297,159 20.3
6,852,965 16.1

3,229,424 19.5

2,095,646 44
482,477 49.9
Educational Attainment of Household Heads in different Income Strata

Attainment Level Under P 40,000 P 40,000 – 59,999 P 60,000 – 99, 999

Families
Share of Families Share of Families Share of
Reporting (in
Total (%) Reporting Total (%) Reporting Total (%)
‘000)

Philippines in General 759 4.1 of Pop 1605 8.6 of Pop 4107 22.3 of Pop

No Grade Completed 102 13.4 106 6.6 169 4.1

Elementary 379 50 666 41.4 1269 30.9
Elementary Completed 166 21.8 402 25 1030 25.1
High School 55 7.2 198 12.3 602 14.7
High School Completed 41 5.4 185 11.5 729 17.8
College 11 1.4 38 2.4 239 5.8
Academic Degree Holder 6 0.8 11 0.7 68 1.7
Source: National Statistics Office, FIES (2009)
* - refers to negligible value

Access to Minimum Basic Needs, by Income Strata

MBN Indicator 2002 2004 2008*

Lowest 30% Highest 70% Lowest 30% Highest 70% Lowest 30% Highest 70%

Survival
Safe Drinking Water 67.5 85.4 65.4 86.5 - -
Sanitary Toilet 70.3 92.9 69.7 93.2 - -
Electricity 50.5 91.2 52.8 91.3 63.8 92.5
Security
Sturdy Housing 42.6 82.2 43.4 82.2 58.2 85.3-
Owned House and Lot 61.9 68.5 60.7 65.9 64.7 70.3
Head Gainfully Employed 88.3 78.1 91.8 80.9 90.2 78.5
Family Member >18 yo. Gainfully
95.8 92.5 97.1 92.4 - -
Employed
Enabling
Children 6-12 yo. in Primary
92.2 90.5 91.4 90.1 - -
School

Children 13-16 yo. in High School 66.8 83.3 63 82 - -

Working Children 5-17 yo. 20.7 8.1 23.1 8 - -

Philhealth Member 6.9 36.3 28.3 47.5 - -
Source: National Statistics Office— Annual Poverty Indicators Survey (2004), Poverty in the Philippines:Causes, Constraints and Opportunities— ADB (2009
*2008 figures from the Annual Poverty Indicators Survey (2008)

Access to Infrastructures, 1998 vs. 2004/2005 (%)

 Access to Potable
Region Road Density Access to Electricity
Water
1988 2005 1988 2004 1988 2004
Philippines 0.27 0.78 71.9 80.1 59.9 79.5
NCR 4.29 15.55 92 85.7 97.6 99
Central Luzon 0.61 0.94 96 96.2 83.4 94.4
Bicol 0.14 0.43 80.2 87.9 61.3 78.4
CAR 0.12 0.33 66.2 76.2 51.7 75.5
Western Visayas 0.35 0.77 54.4 73.4 43.5 72.6
Western Mindanao 0.1 1.11 40.8 59.7 43.4 54.5
Southern Mindanao 0.12 0.32 73.6 69.9 52.1 70.9
ARMM 0.13 0.34 22.9 40.9 20.2 44
Source: Poverty in the Philippines:Causes, Constraints and Opportunities— ADB (2009), National Statistics Office, National Statistical Coordination Board
s, Constraints and Opportunities— ADB (2009)
 Irrigation Serviced

1988 2005
46.4 45.2
- -
67.4 64.5
54.3 42.8
35.3 75.5
59.4 39.4
58.5 48.4
41 36.3
17.9 14.8
ice, National Statistical Coordination Board
Life Expectancy— National level

Life Expectancy 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Female 72 72.35 72.69 73 73.03 73.59
Male 67.74 68.05 68.35 68.63 68.9 69.16
Total 69.82 70.15 70.15 70.76 71.05 71.32
Source: World Bank— World Development Indicators (2011)

Life Expectancy— Provincial level*

Bottom Ten
Top Ten Provinces Years Years
Provinces
La Union 74.6 Agusan del Norte 63.6
Bulacan 73.4 Mt. Province 62.8
Ilocos Norte 73 Apayao 62.8
Camarines Sur 73 Palawan 62.7
Benguet 72.9 Kalinga 61.9
Cebu 72.6 Ifugao 61.2
Batangas 72.6 Lanao del Sur 58.7
Pampanga 72.4 Maguindanao 57.6
Cagayan 72 Sulu 55.5
Albay 71.9 Tawi-Tawi 53.4
Source: Philippine Human Development Network
*2006 projections of 1995 and 2000 life expectancy estimates
2007 2008 2009
73.86 74.13 74.38
69.41 69.65 69.89
71.58 71.58 72.08
Percentage of Population Vulnerable to Poverty

Poverty Status Vulnerability Level 2000 2003 2006

Poor
Highly Vulnerable 77.62 74.66 86.52
Relatively Vulnerable 17.97 21.07 11.99
Not Vulnerable 4.41 4.27 1.49
Non Poor
Highly Vulnerable 23.62 19.68 33.15
Relatively Vulnerable 34.04 37.21 39.29
Not Vulnerable 42.34 43.11 27.57
Total
Highly Vulnerable 41.76 36.21 50.7
Relatively Vulnerable 28.64 32.36 30.31
Not Vulnerable 29.6 31.44 18.99
Source: Trends in Household Vulnerability— Albert and Ramos (2010)

Numbers of People Affected and Assisted during Disasters

Number Affected Number Assisted

1994-1996 2004-2006 1994-1996 2004-2006

Typhoon 4,092,023 5,928,979 2,221,036 2,992,873
Flooding 829,560 1,864,245 326,826 1,039,266
Monsoon Winds/Waves 2,877 14,381 1,936 10,304
Sea Tragedy 515 906 271 411
Tremors/Landslides 6761 7,778 280 7,109
Volcanic Activity 35,872 15,811 28,210 15,811
Others 71,386 1,332 14,748 1,182
Total 5,038,994 7,833,432 2,593,316 4,066,955
Source: Philippines: Critical Development Constraints— ADB (2007)

Internally-Displaced Persons from the NPA and MILF conflicts

Year Insurgent Group Individuals Displaced

1986 NPA 52,513
1987 NPA 329,829
1988 NPA 307,412
1989 NPA 189,330
1990 NPA 219,654
1991 NPA 173,362
2000 MILF 800,000~
2001 MILF 52,000
 2002 MILF 95,000
2003 MILF 438,000~
Source: Philippine Human Development Report (2005), Citizen’s Disaster Response Center, Global IDP Project
Assistance per Affected Person % of Income of Poor Person

1994-1996 2004-2006 1994-1996 2004-2006

7 16 0.14 0.18
6 20 0.12 0.22
21 83 0.41 0.92
2,083 170 39.56 1.88
11 977 0.21 10.78
117 630 2.23 6.95
0 260 0 2.87
8 19 0.15 0.21
Violence against Women and Wealth Quintiles

Lowest
Second Middle Fourth Highest
Quintile
Women aged 14-49, having
experienced physical violence 28.5 25.8 19.8 17.3 11.9

Women aged 14-49, having

experienced sexual violence 13.9 11.9 8.8 5.6 4.9
Women aged 14-49, having
experienced spousal violence 34.1 34 31.5 25.1 19.1
(physical and sexual)
Source: National Statistics Office— NDHS (2008)
National Government Social Services and Development Spending (% of GDP)

Type 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Total NG Expenditures 19.1 19.1 17.8 17.4 17.3
Infrastructure Expenditures 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.2 1.7
Total Social Services Expenditure 4.4 3.9 3.5 3.2 3.2
Health Expenditure 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3
Education Expenditure 3.3 3.1 2.7 2.5 2.5
Total Debt Service 4.8 5.2 5.4 5.5 5.1
Source: Financing the MDG’s and Inclusive Growth in the Time of Fiscal Consolidation— Manasan (2010)

Clients Served by the Department of Social Welfare and Development, by Region (2007)

Number of Share of
Region
Families Total (%)
Philippines 18,624,881 100

NCR 2,385,218 12.8

Region I 971,395 5.2
Region II 630,662 3.4
Region III 1,943,640 10.4
Region IV-A 2,272,663 12.2
Region IV-B 561,476 3
Region V 1,032,250 5.5
Region VI 1,406,338 7.6
Region VII 1,320,281 7.1
Region VIII 835,257 4.5
Region IX 636,045 3.4
Region X 805,712 4.3
Region XI 851,432 4.6
Region XII 762,516 4.1
CAR 310,599 1.7
ARMM 544,101 2.9
CARAGA 454,301 2.4
Source: National Statistical Coordination Board
 2007 2008 2009 2010
17.4 17.7 18.7 18.1
2.1 2.2 2.6 1.9
3.4 3.4 3.6 3.9
0.3 0.3 0.3 0.5
2.6 2.5 2.8 3
4 3.7 3.6 3.2

gion (2007)