RIA JOY M.

BASTISTIANA

BSN-1B

BIOCHEMISTRY

ACTIVITY/QUIZ (SEPT. 29, 2022)

1. DESCRIBE THE 6 CLASSIFICATIONS OF ENZYMES. GIVE TWO EXAMPLES FOR EACH AND DISCUSS
THEIR FUNCTIONS RESPECTIVELY.

 OXIDOREDUCTASES- catalyze oxidation-reduction reactions.

Ex. An alcohol dehydrogenase catalyzes the oxidation reaction of ethanol to form an
eldehyde.

Glucose oxidase known as notatin. Produced by certain species of fungi and insects and
displays antibacterial activity when oxygen and glucose are present

 TRANSFERASES- catalyze transfer of functional group.

Ex. Acyl transferases that catalyze he transfer of acyl groups.

Riboflavin synthase is an enzyme that catalyzes the final reaction of riboflavin

biosynthesis.

 HYDROLASES- catalyze hydrolysis reactions

Ex. Phosphatases is an enzyme that removes a phosphate group from protein.

Glycosidases catalyze the hydrolysis of glycosidic bonds in complex sugars.

 LYASES- catalyze addition or removal of functional group to form a double bond.

Ex. Citrate lyase- key enzyme of de novo fatty acid

Pectate lyase an enzyme involved in the maceration and soft rotting of plant tissue.

 ISOMERASES- catalyze isomerization reactions

Ex. Triose phosphate isomerase involved in a critical energy-producing process known as
glycolysis.

Bisphosphoglycerate was primarily exists as a metabolic intermediate in both glycolysis

during respiration and the calvin cycle during photosynthesis.
  LIGASES- Catalyze ligation reactions
Ex. Ubiquitin ligases-assist or directly catalyzes the transfer of ubiquitin from the E2 to
the protein substrate.

Pyruvate carboxylase catalyzes the physiologically irreversible carboxylation of pyruvate

to form oxaloacetate.

 TRANSLOCASES- a protein that assists in moving another molecule, usually across a cell
membrane.
Ex. Ornithine translocase associated with ornithine translocase defiency.

Carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase associated with carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase

deficiency.

2. DISCUSS BRIEFLY THE IMPORTANCE OF ENZYMES IN BIOLOGICAL EXISTENCE

 In the human body, enzymes aid in accelerating chemical reactions. Among countless
other functions, they are crucial for breathing, food digestion, and the health of the
muscles and nerves. Numerous enzymes can be found inside each cell of the human
body. Each cell’s use of enzymes aids in facilitating chemical reactions.

3. IN A MORE SPECIFIC ROLE, CLASSIFY THE ENZYMES IN THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

 SALIVARY AMYLASE (MOUTH) – breaks down starch into maltose.
 PEPSIN (STOMACH) – breaks down proteins into dipeptides
 AMYLASE (PANCREAS)- breaks down starch
 TRYPSIN (PANCREAS)- breaks down proteins into dipeptides.
 LIPASE (PANCREAS)- breaks down lipids.
 MALTOSE (SMALL INTESTINE)- breaks maltose into glucose.
 SUCRASE (SMALL INTESTINE)- breaks sucrose glucose.
 LACTASE (SMALL INTESTINE)- breaks lactose into glucose