Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Skills
Quarter 1 – Module 1:
Patterns of Development
in Writing
Reading and Writing Skills
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module 1: Patterns of Development in Writing
First Edition, 2020
Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work
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Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of
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Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from
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ownership over them.
Welcome to the Reading and Writing Skills Grade 11/12 Alternative Delivery Mode
(ADM) Module on Patterns of Development in Writing!
This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help
learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration
their needs and circumstances.
In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of
the module:
As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module.
You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist
the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
Welcome to the Reading and Writing Skills Grade11 Alternative Delivery Mode
(ADM) Module on Patterns of Development in Writing!
The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often used to
depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create and
accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a
learner is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant
competencies and skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in
your own hands!
This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities
for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be
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enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being an active
learner. Following Sequence
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Additional Activities the lesson learned. This also tends retention
Following Sequence of learned concepts.
1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of
the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your
answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are
not alone.
We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning
and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!
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What I Know
Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a
separate sheet of paper.
1. This adheres to broad conventions and rules which determine the language
and structure used, and relays or communicates non-interactively.
A. Conversation
B. Discourse
C. Message
D. Text
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6. This is the pattern of development that seeks to identify the similarities and
differences of two subjects.
A. Cause and Effect
B. Compare and Contrast
C. Description
D. Exemplification
9. This is a pattern of development that identifies a term and sets it apart from
all other terms that may be related to it.
A. Classification
B. Definition
C. Exemplification
D. Persuasion
10. This pattern provides examples and illustrations in order to further clarify
or explain the concept or subject matter.
A. Classification
B. Definition
C. Exemplification
D. Persuasion
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Following Sequence
Lesson
Patterns of Development
1 in Writing
The K -12 Reader website stated that reading affects writing and writing
affects reading.
Text Discourse
- Written, verbal,
-Written form visual, audio form
-Non- interactive in -Interactive in
nature nature
-Has no agent - Has agent
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What’s In
Directions: The following sentences are not arranged logically. Number the
sentences in the order that they should be in the paragraph.
Paragraph 1
________ The outbreak of this was first identified in Wuhan, China in December
2019.
________ In fact, millions of cases have been reported in 188 countries and
territories.
_________ The declaration was done because the number of cases continuously
increase.
Paragraph 2
_____2____But courage goes on to see the triumph of life is not in pains avoided,
but in joys lived completely in the moment of their happening.
_____4____We need not to be afraid to weep when we have caused to weep, so long
as we can really rejoice at every cause for rejoicing.
_____1____Courage begins when we admit that there is no life without some pain,
some frustration; that there is no tragic accident to which we are immune; and that
beyond the normal exercises of prudence we can do nothing about it.
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What’s New
Processing Questions:
1. After examining the picture, what ideas were formed in your mind?
2. How do you arrange these ideas?
3. Was there a pattern you used while developing your ideas?
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What is It
Whether you are aware or not, you develop a certain pattern in your writing
to express yourself. When you show someone how to cook your best dish, play your
favorite sport, or set up an instant messaging account, you are using a pattern of
development called process analysis; when you describe what new normal is in
education you are using description; when you offer several reasons why you
should observe social distancing, you are using cause and effect; and when you tell
the story on origin of COVID-19, you are using narration. Learning to use these
patterns of development in writing is not tough. What you will need to do only is
familiarize yourselves with the different signal words that tell to the reader that a
particular pattern is being used. Comparing and contrasting the patterns will not
be difficult because of these signal words. As a writer, you should make conscious
decisions about which strategies best develop your ideas.
PATTERN OF DEVELOPMENT
1.Narration
Example:
Last year was the first time I had ever been the new kid at school. For the first four
days, I was completely alone. I don’t think I even spoke to a single person. Finally, at
lunch on the fifth day, Karen Watson walked past her usual table and sat down right
next to me. Even though I was new, I had already figured out who Karen Watson
was. She was popular. Pretty soon, all of Karen’s friends were sitting there right next
to me. I never became great friends with Karen, but after lunch that day, it seemed
like all sorts of people were happy to be my friend. You cannot convince me that
Karen did not know what she was doing. I have a great respect for her, and I
learned a great deal about what it means to be a true leader.
2.Description
It gives information of what a person, an object, a place, or a situation is like. It
appeals to the reader’s senses; it makes the reader see, hear, taste, smell, or feel
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the subject. • A descriptive paragraph has concrete and specific details, which are
Following
carefully chosen by aSequence
writer to paint a picture in the mind of the reader. Literary
analyses, descriptive essays, business plans, lab reports, and research papers are
some examples of writing genres that use descriptive paragraphs. The signal words
are: above, across, along, alongside, amidst, around, away from, back of, behind,
below, beneath, beside, between, beyond, by, down, farther, here, in front of,
inside, into, near, off, on top of, opposite to, outside, over, throughout, to the right,
under.
Example:
Sunset is the time of day when our sky meets the outer space solar winds. There are
blue, pink, and purple swirls, spinning and twisting, like clouds of balloons caught in
a whirlwind. The sun moves slowly to hide behind the line of horizon, while the moon
races to take its place in prominence atop the night sky. People slow to a crawl,
entrance, fully forgetting the deeds that must still be done. There is a coolness, a
calmness, when the sun does set.
3.Definition
This pattern explains a concept, term, or subject. Its main purpose is to tell what
something is. It consists of three parts: 1) the term concept, or subject to be
defined; 2) the general class to which it belongs, and 3) the characteristics that
differentiate it from the other members of its class. This pattern is commonly used
in sciences, humanities, and business. The signal words are is defined as, as
defined, means, refers to, to define, to illustrate.
Example:
The viola is a stringed instrument in the violin family. It is only slightly larger than
the violin and is tuned as a lower pitch. Like its smaller relative, the viola is held on
the shoulder under the chin and is played with a bow. While the viola has many
uses, the viola is used mainly in orchestral and chamber music.
4.Exemplification
This pattern is one of the most common and effective ways to show or explain an
idea or point (observation, opinion, belief). In this pattern of development, the main
idea is explained by giving an extended example or a series of detailed examples.
Argumentative and exemplification essays, feature articles, reviews, reports, and
case studies often use examples to prove a point. The signal words are after all, as
an example, consider the following, for example, for instance, in other words, in
particular, in short, namely, put another way, specifically, stated differently, that
is, to be specific, to clarify, to illustrate.
Example:
While the internet offers so many benefits to man, it also has its downsides. One of
these is phishing, which refers to the act of obtaining personal information, such as
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passwords and credit cards detail, through online means. In other words, phishing is
a form of cybercrime. As an example, let us consider the case of Mr. X. He received
Following Sequence
an email stating that his Gmail account has been compromised and that he needed
to click a link to update personal information. If Mr. X clicks on the link, his personal
information will be illegally acquired by cybercriminals.
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as public health institutions. These institutions were being privatized due to the idea
that the Following
private sector can better manage and provide health services. In
Sequence
consequence, health policies become more and more of a commodity on a global
scale.
7.Process Analysis
This pattern is a discussion of the steps one must take to achieve a particular end.
Some process analysis writing is intended for an audience that needs to learn how
to perform a process themselves. Process analysis writing is informative rather
than instructional. One example is how to resolve COVID 19 crisis. The steps in a
process happen in a sequence, thus presented in a chronological order. To indicate
this, the following word signals are used: first, second, then and finally.
Example:
Here is the perfect system for cleaning your room. First, move all of the items that do
not have a proper place to the center of the room. Get rid of at least five things that
you have not used within the last year. Take out all of the trash, and place all of the
dirty dishes in the kitchen sink. Now find a location for each of the items you had
placed in the center of the room. For any remaining items, see if you can squeeze
them in under your bed or stuff them into the back of your closet. See, that was easy!
9. Problem-Solution
This pattern has two parts. They are the problem and the solution. The writer
presents the problem and some facts or reasons why it is a problem. The closing
statement or conclusion highlights the connection between the problem and the
solution. These are word signals for this pattern: but, first, second etc. nonetheless,
one reason for the, one solution is, one way is, the problem, the solution.
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Example:
Last weekFollowing Sequence
we installed a kitty door so that our cat could come and go as she
pleases. Unfortunately, we ran into a problem. Our cat was afraid to use the kitty
door. We tried pushing her through, and that caused her to be even more afraid. The
kitty door was dark, and she couldn’t see what was on the other side. The first step
we took in solving this problem was taping the kitty door open. After a couple of
days, she was confidently coming and going through the open door. However, when
we removed the tape and closed the door, once again, she would not go through.
They say you catch more bees with honey, so we decided to use food as bait. We
would sit next to the kitty door with a can of wet food and click the top of the can.
When kitty came through the closed door, we would open the can and feed her. It
took five days of doing this to make her unafraid of using the kitty door. Now we
have just one last problem: our kitty controls our lives!
10.Persuasion
Example:
The school fair is right around the corner, and tickets have just gone on sale. We are
selling a limited number of tickets at a discount, so move fast and get yours while
they are still available. This is going to be an event you will not want to miss! First
off, the school fair is a great value when compared with other forms of entertainment.
Also, your ticket purchase will help our school, and when you help the school, it
helps the entire community. But that’s not all! Every ticket you purchase enters you
in a drawing to win fabulous prizes. And don’t forget, you will have mountains of fun
because there are acres and acres of great rides, fun games, and entertaining
attractions! Spend time with your family and friends at our school fair. Buy your
tickets now!
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Following Sequence
What’s More
Activity: Let’s Do It
Directions: Identify the pattern of development, and the signal words in each
paragraph.
Text 1
Different students attend various types of schools; however, they can usually be
classified as either public, private religious, private non- religious, or alternative.
Public schools are funded by the state, and the majority of students in the United
States attend them. Private religious schools are based around a particular faith,
such as Catholicism, Judaism, and so forth. The religion is part of the everyday
lives of the students and they also learn about the faiths. All types of private
schools do not receive state funding. Therefore, private non- religious schools are
simply just that: schools which do not receive state funding and have the ability
to make their own rules. Alternative schools can be made up of a variety of
different categories, such as the Montessori program or technical schools. Most
students who attend class in an actual school building go to one of these types of
institutions.
https://examples.yourdictionary.com/what-are-examples-classification-paragraphs.html
Text 2
As broad as their sounds are, there are several very distinct similarities and
differences between electric and acoustic guitars. For instance, both utilize the
use of a body for the neck to attach to and a neck with frets for finger placement.
The strings attach to the lower end of the body and go all the way to the head, or
the top of the neck. They both use strings that vary in gauge, or size, which are
vital to produce sound when they are picked, hammered on, or strummed as a
group. Similarly, each is tuned in the same manner to produce the proper tone
desired. An acoustic guitar needs no amplifier to make its sound loud enough to
be heard. An acoustic guitar uses the body of the guitar as its amplifier. Because
the body is very thick and hollow it is able to project its own natural sound
loudly. This makes it very portable and capable of being played virtually
anywhere. An acoustic guitar doesn’t need any foot pedals, volume and tone
knobs, or any other hardware like that to produce the sound it makes. An electric
guitar is very hard to hear without an amplifier. An electric guitar requires the
use of an amplifier to transport the sound though pickups that are secured in the
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body. These sounds are transferred through a cable connected to the guitar. The
cable then goes to the
Following amplifier which produces the sounds out of the speakers.
Sequence
Volume and tone knobs on the electric guitar can make it louder or change the
sound of the strings being played. Additionally, foot pedals can be added to
produce even more different sounds so that the musical capabilities of the
electric guitar are almost limitless. There’s not a lot of music that I listen to that
doesn’t have some sort of electric or acoustic guitar in the mix, either as the main
instrument or as small as a fill in for a certain sound. The genre of the music
frequently dictates which type of guitar should be used.
http://english120.pbworks.com/w/page/19006833/contrast%20and%20comparison
%20paragraph
Pattern of Development Signal Words
__________________________________________________________________________________
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__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
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__________________________________________________________________________________
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__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
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Assessment
Column A Column B
C. As defined
___________3. Definition
D. Classified as
___________4. Exemplification
E. On top of
___________5. Comparison and Contrast
F. On the contrary
___________9. Problem-Solution
___________10. Persuasion
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Following Sequence
Additional Activities
Directions: Choose one pattern from the box that best matches the statement.
Write letter of your answer on the space provided.
______B_____1. On July 16, 1969, the Apollo 11 spacecraft launched from the
Kennedy Space Center in Florida. Its mission was to go where no human being had
gone before—the moon!
__ ______2. In their code of ethics, doctors have the responsibility of saving lives,
not destroying them, which is why euthanasia can never be acceptable.
___________3. First, using alternative sources of energy such as solar energy and
fusion energy would lessen pollution.
______E_____4. Although Instagram and Twitter have significant similarities, they
also have striking differences.
___________5. Euthanasia or mercy killing has been a widely debated issue.
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_____H______6. Drinking cough syrup may lead to various side effects.
Following
___________7. Sequence
Dictionary is a book containing an alphabetical list of words and their
definitions.
___________8. There are basically two ways to make a web page. The first way is to
create the page(s) offline and then upload them to online via your Internet Service
Provider.
___________9. A computer language used for creating web documents can be
classified according to its purpose.
__________10. One of the downsides of internet is phishing.
References
Barrot, Jessie S. (2016). Academic Reading and Writing for Senior High School. C&E
Publishing, Inc.
Dayagbil, Filomena T. et. al. (2016). Critical Reading and Writing for the Senior High
School. Quezon City: Lorimar Publishing Inc.
Difference Between Text and Discourse, retrieved from:
https://www.differencebetween.com/difference-between-text-and-vs-discourse/
Pattern Based Writing: Quick & Easy Essay | How to Teach Paragraph and Multi-Paragraph
Writing, retrieved from: https://patternbasedwriting.com/elementary_writing_success/paragraph-
examples/
https://examples.yourdictionary.com/what-are-examples-classification-
paragraphs.ht
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