1.

Poor spelling, hyperactivity, low self-esteem, and a lack of coping skills are all factors that contribute
to poor understanding and retention. Students with intellectual and developmental learning difficulties
are frequently recognized while learning to read, and their symptoms worsen over time if resources are
not available.

2. Phrase reading is a passage, or text such as a poem, is broken up either by putting separate sentences
on different pieces of paper, or using visual cues within the text such as \ and \\ to denote pauses. This
strategy involves making visible those normally invisible phrase boundaries for students. Which helps
reflect and amplify the meaning of the passage